B2 · 中上級 チャプター 1

Handling Multiple Pronouns and Special Verbs

6 トータルルール
61 例文
7 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the intricate dance of French pronouns and complex verb structures for native-level fluency.

  • Sequence multiple object pronouns correctly in a single sentence.
  • Position pronouns accurately when dealing with infinitives and helping verbs.
  • Use the 'faire' causative construction to describe actions you have others perform.
Unlock the secret code of French pronoun sequences.

学べること

Ready to sound more like a native French speaker? This chapter is your secret weapon for mastering those tricky pronoun placements that make all the difference! At A1, you might feel like French has a lot of rules, but don't worry, we're breaking this down into super manageable steps. You'll learn the precise 'dance' French pronouns do when they appear together. Ever wanted to say

Give it to me
or "I'm going there" without sounding like a robot? We'll show you exactly where to put 'me', 'it', 'there', and 'some of it' in your sentences. You'll discover the logical order: me/te/nous/vous first, then le/la/les, then lui/leur, then y, and finally en. It's like a secret code you're about to unlock! Beyond pronouns, we'll tackle what happens when you have two verbs (like
I want to eat it
) and introduce the super useful verb 'faire' in constructions like
I am having my car repaired
(Je la fais réparer). By the end, you won't just understand *why* pronouns go where they do, but you'll be confidently building sentences that flow naturally. You'll be able to express specific actions involving multiple objects or locations, giving clear instructions, and engaging in more complex conversations – all while sounding incredibly French. Get ready to level up your French conversations!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to correctly order up to three pronouns before a conjugated verb.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to place pronouns correctly in sentences with auxiliary or modal verbs.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to construct causative sentences using 'faire' with preceding pronouns.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome, B2 French learners! Are you ready to unlock a new level of fluency and sound more like a native speaker? This chapter on handling multiple pronouns and special verbs is your essential guide to mastering some of the most dynamic and often challenging aspects of French grammar.
At the B2 French level, you're moving beyond basic sentence structures and diving into the nuances that make conversations flow naturally. Understanding the precise placement of multiple pronouns isn't just about correctness; it's about elegance and efficiency in your speech.
Many students find French pronoun order tricky, but we're going to break it down into clear, manageable steps. You’ll learn the logical dance these little words perform when they appear together, transforming clunky phrases into smooth, idiomatic French. Imagine confidently saying
Give it to me
or "I'm going there" without hesitation!
We'll reveal the secret code for placing direct, indirect, and adverbial pronouns like me/te/nous/vous, le/la/les, lui/leur, y, and en.
Beyond the intricate world of multiple pronouns French, this chapter also tackles pronoun placement with two-verb constructions, like when you want to say
I want to eat it.
We'll also introduce the incredibly useful causative verb faire in structures such as
I am having my car repaired
(Je la fais réparer). By the end of this guide, you won't just understand *why* these rules exist; you'll be building complex sentences with confidence, engaging in more sophisticated conversations, and truly sounding like the advanced French speaker you're becoming. Get ready to elevate your intermediate French grammar skills!

How This Grammar Works

Mastering the placement of multiple pronouns in French is a cornerstone of B2 French grammar. The key is understanding the strict, unchangeable order in which they appear before the verb. This order is like a fixed sequence: me/te/nous/vous (reflexive/indirect) come first, followed by le/la/les (direct object), then lui/leur (indirect object), then y (place/to it), and finally en (of it/some of it).
Let's see it in action.
Consider the order: me/te/nous/vous (first group) + le/la/les (second group) + lui/leur (third group) + y (fourth group) + en (fifth group) + Verb.
* French Double Pronoun Order (me, te, nous, vous first): When you have a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun from the first group, the first group always precedes the direct object.
* Il me le donne. (He gives it to me.)
* Tu nous les montres. (You show them to us.)
* Giving it to them: Double Pronouns (le/la/les before lui/leur): When combining a direct object pronoun with lui or leur, the direct object comes first.
* Je le lui donne. (I give it to him/her.)
* Nous les leur avons envoyés. (We sent them to them.)
* Where Does 'y' Go? (Pronoun Position): The pronoun y (meaning 'there' or 'to it') comes after the direct object pronouns and lui/leur, but before en.
* Je l'y ai mis. (I put it there.)
* Il nous y emmène. (He takes us there.)
* Using 'en' with other pronouns (m'en, lui en...): The pronoun en (meaning 'some of it', 'of them', 'from there') always comes last in the pronoun chain.
* Tu m'en donnes? (Are you giving me some of it?)
* Elle lui en a parlé. (She spoke to him/her about it.)
* Pronoun Position with Two Verbs (Infinitives): When you have a conjugated verb followed by an infinitive (e.g., vouloir manger, aller faire), the pronoun(s) usually precede the infinitive.
* Je veux le manger. (I want to eat it.)
* Tu vas lui parler. (You are going to speak to him/her.)
* Nous allons y aller. (We are going to go there.)
* Pronoun Position with 'Faire' (Je le fais réparer): The causative faire construction (meaning 'to have something done' or 'to make someone do something') places the pronoun *before* faire.
* Je le fais réparer. (I have it repaired.)
* Il la fait rire. (He makes her laugh.)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Je lui le donne.
✓ Correct:
Je le lui donne.
*Explanation:* When combining a direct object pronoun (le) and an indirect object pronoun (lui/leur), the direct object pronoun always comes first.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Il veut manger le.
✓ Correct:
Il veut le manger.
*Explanation:* With two-verb constructions (conjugated verb + infinitive), the pronoun (here, le) generally precedes the infinitive, not the conjugated verb.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Je fais le réparer.
✓ Correct:
Je le fais réparer.
*Explanation:* In the causative faire construction, the pronoun that refers to the direct object of the action (what is being repaired) comes *before* faire.

Real Conversations

A

A

Tu as vu mon livre de recettes ? Je ne le trouve pas. (Have you seen my cookbook? I can't find it.)
B

B

Ah oui, je l'ai pris. Je vais te le rendre après le dîner. (Oh yes, I took it. I'm going to give it back to you after dinner.)
A

A

La voiture est en panne, je ne sais pas quoi faire. (The car broke down, I don't know what to do.)
B

B

Pas de problème, je vais la faire réparer demain matin. (No problem, I'm going to have it repaired tomorrow morning.)
A

A

Tes parents sont venus te voir à Paris ? (Did your parents come to see you in Paris?)
B

B

Oui, ils sont venus l'année dernière. Je les y ai emmenés pour une visite guidée. (Yes, they came last year. I took them there for a guided tour.)

Quick FAQ

Q

What is the correct order for French pronouns like 'me', 'le', and 'lui' when they are all in one sentence?

The order is me/te/nous/vous (indirect/reflexive), then le/la/les (direct), then lui/leur (indirect). So,

He gives it to me
is Il me le donne.

Q

When should I use 'y' in French, and where does it go in relation to other pronouns?

You use y to replace a place (à Paris, dans la maison) or à + something (not a person). It comes after le/la/les and lui/leur, but before en. For example, Je l'y ai mis. (I put it there.)

Q

Can I use 'en' and 'y' together in the same French sentence, and if so, what is their order?

Yes, you can! Y always precedes en. For example, J'y en ai vu. (I saw some of it there.)

Q

How do I correctly form a sentence like

I will make him do it
using the causative 'faire' and pronouns?

The pronoun referring to the person being made to do something (or the thing being done) comes before faire. So,

I will make him do it
becomes Je le lui ferai faire. (I will make him do it for him) or Je le ferai faire. (I will have it done.)

Cultural Context

In everyday French conversation, mastering these pronoun placements is a significant marker of fluency. Native speakers use these constructions constantly, often unconsciously. The ability to smoothly integrate multiple pronouns, y, and en, along with the causative faire, allows for more concise and natural expression, avoiding repetitive nouns or clunky phrases.
While the rules might seem complex at first, with practice, their inherent logic becomes second nature, enabling you to participate in more dynamic and nuanced discussions without sounding stiff or overly formal. It's truly a step toward thinking in French!

重要な例文 (6)

1

Je te le promets.

それを君に約束するよ。

フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）
2

Tu me les prêtes ?

それらを私に貸してくれる？

フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）
3

Je le lui donne.

それを彼（彼女）に与えます。

それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)
4

Tu la lui envoies par mail ?

それを彼女にメールで送るの？

それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)
5

Je t'y rejoins dans dix minutes.

10分後にそこで合流しよう。

代名詞 'y' の位置（代名詞の語順）
6

On s'y voit demain ?

明日、そこで会える？

代名詞 'y' の位置（代名詞の語順）

ヒントとコツ (4)

🎯

「人」が優先のルール

文の中に 'me, te, nous, vous' が出てきたら、彼らが常に先頭を走ります。彼らは文の中の主役（メインキャラクター）だと考えましょう。
Il me le donne.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）
🎯

「O.I.」の法則で覚えよう

Object（直接）の後に Indirect（間接）が来ると覚えておきましょう。英語の「Oi!（おい！）」という掛け声のイメージで順番を固定すると楽ですよ。
Je le lui donne.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)
🎯

アルファベット順に近いイメージ

代名詞の優先順位リストでは 'y' はかなり後ろの方です。迷ったら「人」を先に、「場所 (y)」を後に置くと覚えましょう。
Il nous y attend.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 代名詞 'y' の位置（代名詞の語順）
🎯

カタツムリのルール

代名詞の語順は、動詞という中心に向かう渦巻きのようなものです。en は常に動詞に一番近い内側に位置します。
Il nous en apporte souvent.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 他の代名詞と一緒に 'en' を使う (m'en, lui en...)

重要な語彙 (6)

prêter to lend expliquer to explain emmener to take (someone) to réparer to repair le dossier the file/folder s'occuper de to take care of / deal with

Real-World Preview

briefcase

At the Office

car

The Car Mechanic

Review Summary

  • [me/te/se/nous/vous] + [le/la/les]
  • [le/la/les] + [lui/leur]
  • [any pronoun] + y
  • [any pronoun] + en
  • [conjugated verb] + [pronouns] + [infinitive]
  • [pronouns] + [faire] + [infinitive]

よくある間違い

In English, we say 'I give him it', but in French, the direct object (le) must come before the indirect 3rd person (lui).

Wrong: Je lui le donne.
正解: Je le lui donne.

When using an infinitive like 'donner', the pronouns must move to the position immediately before that infinitive, not before the main verb 'veux'.

Wrong: Je le veux donner à toi.
正解: Je veux te le donner.

The causative 'faire' is an exception. Even though 'réparer' is an infinitive, the pronoun must go before 'faire'.

Wrong: Je fais le réparer.
正解: Je le fais réparer.

このチャプターのルール (6)

1

フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）

B2
フランス語では「人（私・君・私たち）」を表す代名詞が、「物（それ・あれ）」よりも先に来るのが鉄則です。me, te, nous, vous が最強の先発メンバーだと覚えましょう！
Je te le promets.
10 例文
2

それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)

B2
フランス語では、直接目的語（それ・彼ら）の le/la/les を、間接目的語（彼・彼女・彼らに）の lui/leur よりも先に置きます。
Je le lui donne.
10 例文
3

代名詞 'y' の位置（代名詞の語順）

B2
他の代名詞の後、動詞の前に置いて「そこに」や「それに」をスマートに表現しましょう。ポイントは y の「置く位置」と「人には使わない」ことです。
Je t'y rejoins dans dix minutes.
11 例文
4

他の代名詞と一緒に 'en' を使う (m'en, lui en...)

B2
代名詞が並ぶとき、en は常に「動詞の直前」という特等席に座ります。"m'en« や »lui en" のように、「誰に」の後に「それを（いくらか）」を置くリズムを掴みましょう。
Tu m'en donnes un ?
10 例文
5

動詞が2つある時の代名詞の位置（不定詞）

B2
動詞が2つあるときは、代名詞は2つ目の動詞（不定詞）の「すぐ前」にピタッとくっつくと覚えましょう。 le, la, les などの代名詞は、常に不定詞のパートナーです。
Je vais l'acheter demain.
10 例文
6

使役の 'Faire' と代名詞の位置 (〜してもらう)

B2
代名詞は必ず faire の直前に置き、複合過去でも fait は性数一致させないのが鉄則です。 faire と infinitive は一つのユニットとして扱いましょう。
Mon téléphone est cassé, alors `je le fais réparer...
10 例文

Next Steps

You've just cleared one of the biggest hurdles in B2 French! These structures are what separate intermediate learners from fluent speakers. Keep practicing that 'pronoun dance'!

Write 5 sentences about chores you 'faire faire' (have someone else do).

Listen to a French podcast and note every time 'en' or 'y' is used with another pronoun.

Continue to: Advanced Actions and Impersonal Forms

クイック練習 (10)

「あなたにそのことを話しています」として正しい文はどれ？

正しい文を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je t'en parle.
語順は「人」＋「数量・事柄 (en)」＋「動詞」です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 他の代名詞と一緒に 'en' を使う (m'en, lui en...)

文法的に正しい文章を選んでください。

「彼はそれを私たちに送ってくれる」を正しく訳すと？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il nous l'envoie.
'nous' を 'le' の前に置き、さらに 'le' は母音の前で 'l'' に短縮されます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）

「それを彼女に送ります」という文の間違いを直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Je lui la envoie.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je la lui envoie.
語順は必ず「直接（la）＋間接（lui）」になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)

次の文の間違いを見つけて直してください。

Ma mère l'a faite préparer par un chef.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ma mère l'a fait préparer par un chef.
使役の 'faire' 構文では、過去分詞 'fait' は目的語と性数一致しません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使役の 'Faire' と代名詞の位置 (〜してもらう)

正しい代名詞（me + le/la/les）を空欄に入れてください。

Tu as mon livre ? Oui, je ___ ___ rends demain.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: te le
フランス語では、相手に「君にそれを」と言う場合、'te'（君に）が 'le'（それを）の前に来ます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）

正しい代名詞の順番（それを彼に）を選んで空欄を埋めてください。

Le cadeau ? Je ___ donne demain.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: le lui
フランス語では、直接目的語の 'le' が間接目的語の 'lui' よりも先に来ます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)

この否定文の間違いを見つけて直してください。

Je ne en lui parle pas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je ne lui en parle pas.
ne と pas は、代名詞の塊と動詞をセットで挟みます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 他の代名詞と一緒に 'en' を使う (m'en, lui en...)

「それらを彼らに見せる」という正しい文はどれですか？

正しい文を選択してください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je les leur montre.
'les'（それらを：直接）は 'leur'（彼らに：間接）の前に置く必要があります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: それを彼らに与える：二重代名詞 (lui/leur の前の le/la/les)

代名詞の語順の間違いを直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Je le vous explique maintenant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je vous l'explique maintenant.
代名詞 'vous' は 'le' よりも前に来る必要があります（leは母音の前でl'になります）。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の二重代名詞の語順（me, te, nous, vousが先）

間違いを直してください: 'Nous y nous installons.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Nous y nous installons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nous nous y installons.
再帰代名詞の nous は常に y よりも先に置かれます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 代名詞 'y' の位置（代名詞の語順）

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

フランス語の論理では、物体よりも人間関係（誰に対してか）を優先する傾向があります。また、この語順の方がリズムが美しく聞こえるように進化してきました。
Je te le donne.
いいえ！実は 'lui' と 'leur' は 'le/la/les' の「後ろ」に来ます。これは別のルールなので、混同しないように注意が必要です。
いいえ、間接目的語として使う場合、'lui' は「彼に」と「彼女に」の両方を意味します。文脈で判断しますよ。
Je la lui donne.
フランス語には厳格な代名詞の語順ルールがあるからです。3人称同士の場合、物（le/la/les）が人（lui/leur）より先に来ます。
Je le lui donne.
多くの場合そうですが、 «à» を使う動詞（penser à など）の対象として「それ」を指すこともあります。例えば "J'y pense" (それについて考えている) などです。
不定詞（2つ目の動詞）の直前に置きます。
Je veux y aller
(そこに行きたい) のようになります。
次のチャプター
Advanced Actions and Impersonal Forms
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