B2 · 중상급 챕터 1

Handling Multiple Pronouns and Special Verbs

6 총 규칙
61 예문
7

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the intricate dance of French pronouns and complex verb structures for native-level fluency.

  • Sequence multiple object pronouns correctly in a single sentence.
  • Position pronouns accurately when dealing with infinitives and helping verbs.
  • Use the 'faire' causative construction to describe actions you have others perform.
Unlock the secret code of French pronoun sequences.

배울 내용

Ready to sound more like a native French speaker? This chapter is your secret weapon for mastering those tricky pronoun placements that make all the difference! At A1, you might feel like French has a lot of rules, but don't worry, we're breaking this down into super manageable steps. You'll learn the precise 'dance' French pronouns do when they appear together. Ever wanted to say

Give it to me
or "I'm going there" without sounding like a robot? We'll show you exactly where to put 'me', 'it', 'there', and 'some of it' in your sentences. You'll discover the logical order: me/te/nous/vous first, then le/la/les, then lui/leur, then y, and finally en. It's like a secret code you're about to unlock! Beyond pronouns, we'll tackle what happens when you have two verbs (like
I want to eat it
) and introduce the super useful verb 'faire' in constructions like
I am having my car repaired
(Je la fais réparer). By the end, you won't just understand *why* pronouns go where they do, but you'll be confidently building sentences that flow naturally. You'll be able to express specific actions involving multiple objects or locations, giving clear instructions, and engaging in more complex conversations – all while sounding incredibly French. Get ready to level up your French conversations!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to correctly order up to three pronouns before a conjugated verb.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to place pronouns correctly in sentences with auxiliary or modal verbs.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to construct causative sentences using 'faire' with preceding pronouns.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Welcome, B2 French learners! Are you ready to unlock a new level of fluency and sound more like a native speaker? This chapter on handling multiple pronouns and special verbs is your essential guide to mastering some of the most dynamic and often challenging aspects of French grammar.
At the B2 French level, you're moving beyond basic sentence structures and diving into the nuances that make conversations flow naturally. Understanding the precise placement of multiple pronouns isn't just about correctness; it's about elegance and efficiency in your speech.
Many students find French pronoun order tricky, but we're going to break it down into clear, manageable steps. You’ll learn the logical dance these little words perform when they appear together, transforming clunky phrases into smooth, idiomatic French. Imagine confidently saying
Give it to me
or "I'm going there" without hesitation!
We'll reveal the secret code for placing direct, indirect, and adverbial pronouns like me/te/nous/vous, le/la/les, lui/leur, y, and en.
Beyond the intricate world of multiple pronouns French, this chapter also tackles pronoun placement with two-verb constructions, like when you want to say
I want to eat it.
We'll also introduce the incredibly useful causative verb faire in structures such as
I am having my car repaired
(Je la fais réparer). By the end of this guide, you won't just understand *why* these rules exist; you'll be building complex sentences with confidence, engaging in more sophisticated conversations, and truly sounding like the advanced French speaker you're becoming. Get ready to elevate your intermediate French grammar skills!

How This Grammar Works

Mastering the placement of multiple pronouns in French is a cornerstone of B2 French grammar. The key is understanding the strict, unchangeable order in which they appear before the verb. This order is like a fixed sequence: me/te/nous/vous (reflexive/indirect) come first, followed by le/la/les (direct object), then lui/leur (indirect object), then y (place/to it), and finally en (of it/some of it).
Let's see it in action.
Consider the order: me/te/nous/vous (first group) + le/la/les (second group) + lui/leur (third group) + y (fourth group) + en (fifth group) + Verb.
* French Double Pronoun Order (me, te, nous, vous first): When you have a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun from the first group, the first group always precedes the direct object.
* Il me le donne. (He gives it to me.)
* Tu nous les montres. (You show them to us.)
* Giving it to them: Double Pronouns (le/la/les before lui/leur): When combining a direct object pronoun with lui or leur, the direct object comes first.
* Je le lui donne. (I give it to him/her.)
* Nous les leur avons envoyés. (We sent them to them.)
* Where Does 'y' Go? (Pronoun Position): The pronoun y (meaning 'there' or 'to it') comes after the direct object pronouns and lui/leur, but before en.
* Je l'y ai mis. (I put it there.)
* Il nous y emmène. (He takes us there.)
* Using 'en' with other pronouns (m'en, lui en...): The pronoun en (meaning 'some of it', 'of them', 'from there') always comes last in the pronoun chain.
* Tu m'en donnes? (Are you giving me some of it?)
* Elle lui en a parlé. (She spoke to him/her about it.)
* Pronoun Position with Two Verbs (Infinitives): When you have a conjugated verb followed by an infinitive (e.g., vouloir manger, aller faire), the pronoun(s) usually precede the infinitive.
* Je veux le manger. (I want to eat it.)
* Tu vas lui parler. (You are going to speak to him/her.)
* Nous allons y aller. (We are going to go there.)
* Pronoun Position with 'Faire' (Je le fais réparer): The causative faire construction (meaning 'to have something done' or 'to make someone do something') places the pronoun *before* faire.
* Je le fais réparer. (I have it repaired.)
* Il la fait rire. (He makes her laugh.)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong:
    Je lui le donne.
Correct:
Je le lui donne.
*Explanation:* When combining a direct object pronoun (le) and an indirect object pronoun (lui/leur), the direct object pronoun always comes first.
  1. 1Wrong:
    Il veut manger le.
Correct:
Il veut le manger.
*Explanation:* With two-verb constructions (conjugated verb + infinitive), the pronoun (here, le) generally precedes the infinitive, not the conjugated verb.
  1. 1Wrong:
    Je fais le réparer.
Correct:
Je le fais réparer.
*Explanation:* In the causative faire construction, the pronoun that refers to the direct object of the action (what is being repaired) comes *before* faire.

Real Conversations

A

A

Tu as vu mon livre de recettes ? Je ne le trouve pas. (Have you seen my cookbook? I can't find it.)
B

B

Ah oui, je l'ai pris. Je vais te le rendre après le dîner. (Oh yes, I took it. I'm going to give it back to you after dinner.)
A

A

La voiture est en panne, je ne sais pas quoi faire. (The car broke down, I don't know what to do.)
B

B

Pas de problème, je vais la faire réparer demain matin. (No problem, I'm going to have it repaired tomorrow morning.)
A

A

Tes parents sont venus te voir à Paris ? (Did your parents come to see you in Paris?)
B

B

Oui, ils sont venus l'année dernière. Je les y ai emmenés pour une visite guidée. (Yes, they came last year. I took them there for a guided tour.)

Quick FAQ

Q

What is the correct order for French pronouns like 'me', 'le', and 'lui' when they are all in one sentence?

The order is me/te/nous/vous (indirect/reflexive), then le/la/les (direct), then lui/leur (indirect). So,

He gives it to me
is Il me le donne.

Q

When should I use 'y' in French, and where does it go in relation to other pronouns?

You use y to replace a place (à Paris, dans la maison) or à + something (not a person). It comes after le/la/les and lui/leur, but before en. For example, Je l'y ai mis. (I put it there.)

Q

Can I use 'en' and 'y' together in the same French sentence, and if so, what is their order?

Yes, you can! Y always precedes en. For example, J'y en ai vu. (I saw some of it there.)

Q

How do I correctly form a sentence like

I will make him do it
using the causative 'faire' and pronouns?

The pronoun referring to the person being made to do something (or the thing being done) comes before faire. So,

I will make him do it
becomes Je le lui ferai faire. (I will make him do it for him) or Je le ferai faire. (I will have it done.)

Cultural Context

In everyday French conversation, mastering these pronoun placements is a significant marker of fluency. Native speakers use these constructions constantly, often unconsciously. The ability to smoothly integrate multiple pronouns, y, and en, along with the causative faire, allows for more concise and natural expression, avoiding repetitive nouns or clunky phrases.
While the rules might seem complex at first, with practice, their inherent logic becomes second nature, enabling you to participate in more dynamic and nuanced discussions without sounding stiff or overly formal. It's truly a step toward thinking in French!

주요 예문 (8)

1

Je te le promets.

내가 그거 너한테 약속할게.

프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)
2

Tu me les prêtes ?

그것들 나한테 빌려줄래?

프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)
3

Je t'y rejoins dans dix minutes.

10분 뒤에 거기서 만나요.

대명사 'y'의 위치 (대명사 어순)
4

On s'y voit demain ?

내일 거기서 볼까?

대명사 'y'의 위치 (대명사 어순)
5

Tu m'en donnes un ?

나한테 하나 줄래?

다른 대명사와 함께 'en' 사용하기 (m'en, lui en...)
6

Je t'en envoie un message.

그것에 대해 너에게 메시지 보낼게.

다른 대명사와 함께 'en' 사용하기 (m'en, lui en...)
7

Mon téléphone est cassé, alors `je le fais réparer` demain.

핸드폰이 고장 나서 내일 수리 맡길 거예요.

사역동사 'Faire'와 대명사의 위치 (시키다/맡기다)
8

Ses pointes sont abîmées, donc `elle se les fait couper` au salon.

그녀는 머리끝이 상해서 미용실에서 자르고 있어요.

사역동사 'Faire'와 대명사의 위치 (시키다/맡기다)

팁과 요령 (4)

🎯

'사람 우선'의 법칙

문장에서 'me, te, nous, vous'가 보인다면, 이 친구들이 무조건 맨 앞줄로 달려나간다고 생각하세요. 이들이 문장의 주인공이에요.
Il me le donne.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)
🎯

'O.I.' 법칙을 기억하세요

직접 목적어(Object)가 간접 목적어(Indirect)보다 먼저 온다는 'O.I.' 순서를 기억하면 쉬워요. 감탄사 'Oi!'처럼 외워보세요:
Je le lui prête.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 그들에게 그것을 주기: 이중 대명사 (lui/leur 앞의 le/la/les)
🎯

알파벳 순서의 비밀

'y'는 대명사 목록에서 거의 마지막 순서예요. 헷갈릴 땐 사람(me/te)이 먼저, 장소(y)가 그다음이라고 생각하세요: "Je t'y rejoins."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 대명사 'y'의 위치 (대명사 어순)
🎯

달팽이 규칙

대명사들이 동사라는 중심을 향해 소용돌이치며 모인다고 생각하세요. 'en'은 동사 바로 옆의 마지막 층이에요.
Je lui en donne.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 다른 대명사와 함께 'en' 사용하기 (m'en, lui en...)

핵심 어휘 (6)

prêter to lend expliquer to explain emmener to take (someone) to réparer to repair le dossier the file/folder s'occuper de to take care of / deal with

Real-World Preview

briefcase

At the Office

car

The Car Mechanic

Review Summary

  • [me/te/se/nous/vous] + [le/la/les]
  • [le/la/les] + [lui/leur]
  • [any pronoun] + y
  • [any pronoun] + en
  • [conjugated verb] + [pronouns] + [infinitive]
  • [pronouns] + [faire] + [infinitive]

자주 하는 실수

In English, we say 'I give him it', but in French, the direct object (le) must come before the indirect 3rd person (lui).

Wrong: Je lui le donne.
정답: Je le lui donne.

When using an infinitive like 'donner', the pronouns must move to the position immediately before that infinitive, not before the main verb 'veux'.

Wrong: Je le veux donner à toi.
정답: Je veux te le donner.

The causative 'faire' is an exception. Even though 'réparer' is an infinitive, the pronoun must go before 'faire'.

Wrong: Je fais le réparer.
정답: Je le fais réparer.

이 챕터의 규칙 (6)

Next Steps

You've just cleared one of the biggest hurdles in B2 French! These structures are what separate intermediate learners from fluent speakers. Keep practicing that 'pronoun dance'!

Write 5 sentences about chores you 'faire faire' (have someone else do).

Listen to a French podcast and note every time 'en' or 'y' is used with another pronoun.

빠른 연습 (10)

빈칸에 알맞은 순서를 채워 넣으세요: 'Je ___ (너를 / 거기서) 기다릴게.'

Je ___ attends.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: t'y
사람 대명사 te(t'로 축약)가 장소 대명사 y보다 항상 먼저 옵니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 대명사 'y'의 위치 (대명사 어순)

다음 중 옳은 문장을 고르세요.

'그것들을 세탁 맡기고 있어요'를 프랑스어로 하면?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je les fais nettoyer.
사역 구조에서 목적보어 대명사는 반드시 'faire' 동사 앞에 와야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 사역동사 'Faire'와 대명사의 위치 (시키다/맡기다)

다음 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Ma mère l'a faite préparer par un chef.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ma mère l'a fait préparer par un chef.
사역의 'faire' 구문에서 과거분사 'fait'는 성수 일치를 하지 않습니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 사역동사 'Faire'와 대명사의 위치 (시키다/맡기다)

"너에게 그것에 대해 말하고 있어"라는 뜻의 올바른 문장은?

다음 중 맞는 문장을 고르세요:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je t'en parle.
순서는 항상 '사람 대명사 + 수량(en) + 동사'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 다른 대명사와 함께 'en' 사용하기 (m'en, lui en...)

'그는 그것을 우리에게 보내고 있어'를 올바르게 표현한 문장은?

가장 문법적으로 정확한 문장을 고르세요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il nous l'envoie.
'nous'를 'le' 앞에 쓰고, 'le'는 모음 앞에서 'l''로 축약해야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)

알맞은 대명사 조합(me + le/la/les 중 선택)을 빈칸에 채우세요.

Tu as mon livre ? Oui, je ___ ___ rends demain.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: te le
프랑스어에서는 상대방에게 말할 때 '너에게(te)'가 '그것을(le)'보다 앞에 옵니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)

대명사 순서가 틀린 부분을 찾아 바르게 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Je le vous explique maintenant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je vous l'explique maintenant.
'vous'가 'le'보다 먼저 와야 하며, explique의 모음 때문에 'l''로 축약됩니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 이중 대명사 어순 (me, te, nous, vous가 먼저)

알맞은 대명사 순서로 빈칸을 채워보세요.

Il ___ donne un cadeau. (그가 나에게 그것을 좀 줍니다)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: m'en
'me'가 'm''로 축약되어 'en'보다 항상 먼저 옵니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 다른 대명사와 함께 'en' 사용하기 (m'en, lui en...)

'나는 그것을 그녀에게 보낸다'라는 문장의 오류를 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Je lui la envoie.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je la lui envoie.
순서는 반드시 직접 목적어(la)가 간접 목적어(lui)보다 먼저여야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 그들에게 그것을 주기: 이중 대명사 (lui/leur 앞의 le/la/les)

틀린 부분을 고치세요: 'Nous y nous installons.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Nous y nous installons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nous nous y installons.
nous 같은 재귀대명사는 항상 y보다 앞에 위치합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 대명사 'y'의 위치 (대명사 어순)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

프랑스어는 문장의 리듬을 중요하게 생각해요. 사물보다는 대화의 상대방(사람)을 먼저 언급하는 것이 더 자연스럽게 들리기 때문이죠.
Il me le donne.
아니요! 그게 함정이에요. 'lui'와 'leur'는 오히려 'le/la/les' 뒤에 옵니다. 이건 별도의 규칙으로 익혀야 해요.
Je le lui dis.
아니요, 간접 목적어 대명사로 쓰일 때 'lui'는 '그에게'와 '그녀에게' 모두에 쓰여요. 상황에 따라 해석하면 됩니다.
Je la lui donne.
프랑스어 대명사 어순은 매우 엄격해요. 3인칭끼리 만날 때는 사물(le/la/les)이 사람(lui/leur)보다 무조건 먼저 와야 합니다.
Je le lui donne.
대부분 장소를 나타내지만, 'à'를 사용하는 동사 뒤에서 '그것'을 뜻하기도 해요. "J'y pense" (그것에 대해 생각 중이야)처럼요.
두 번째 동사(부정사) 바로 앞에 넣으세요. 예를 들어
Je veux y aller
(거기 가고 싶어)라고 하면 돼요.