trouble 30秒で
- Trouble refers to a disruption of clarity, peace, or health, ranging from cloudy water to social riots.
- It is a masculine noun (le trouble) and can also be used as an adjective (trouble) meaning blurry.
- In medical contexts, it signifies a disorder (e.g., troubles du sommeil, troubles alimentaires).
- It is a false friend; 'to be in trouble' is usually 'avoir des ennuis', not 'être dans le trouble'.
The French noun trouble is a polysemous term that spans physical, emotional, and social dimensions. At its core, it signifies a disruption of a previous state of order, clarity, or peace. Unlike the English word 'trouble', which often translates to problème or ennui, the French trouble is more specific. It refers to a state of confusion, a lack of transparency, or a psychological disturbance. When you look through a glass of water with sediment, you see a trouble—a lack of clarity. When a person is emotionally shaken by news, they experience un trouble. In a broader societal context, les troubles (often plural) refers to civil unrest, riots, or periods of political instability where the 'peace' is disturbed.
- Physical Clarity
- Refers to the lack of transparency in a liquid or the blurriness of vision (trouble de la vue).
- Emotional State
- A feeling of agitation, embarrassment, or internal confusion caused by a strong emotion.
- Medical/Psychological
- A dysfunction or disorder, such as 'troubles du sommeil' (sleep disorders) or 'troubles du comportement'.
Il y avait un certain trouble dans son regard quand elle a mentionné son passé.
Historically, the word derives from the Vulgar Latin turbulus, related to turba (crowd, turmoil). This etymological root highlights the chaotic nature of the word. In the 17th century, it was frequently used in literature to describe the 'troubles de l'âme'—the agitations of the soul. Today, it remains a vital word in both medical diagnostics and poetic descriptions of human feelings. It is essential to distinguish between the singular 'le trouble' (the feeling/state) and the plural 'les troubles' (the events/disorders). For instance, 'troubles de l'ordre public' is a standard legal term for disturbing the peace.
Le vin présentait un léger trouble au fond de la bouteille.
Les troubles de l'apprentissage affectent de nombreux enfants.
L'annonce de sa démission a jeté le trouble au sein de l'équipe.
Elle a ressenti un grand trouble en revoyant son premier amour.
- Social Unrest
- Events involving public disorder or violence.
- Cognitive Dissonance
- The mental discomfort resulting from conflicting beliefs or values.
Using trouble correctly requires understanding its role as a noun. It is most frequently used in three contexts: medical/psychological, emotional/interpersonal, and social/political. In medical contexts, it is almost always followed by 'de' or 'du' to specify the disorder. For example, 'troubles du rythme cardiaque' (heart rhythm disorders). In these cases, the plural is standard because it refers to a recurring condition or a category of symptoms. When using it to describe an emotional state, it is often singular: 'Son trouble était visible' (His confusion/agitation was visible).
- Jeter le trouble
- An idiomatic expression meaning to cause confusion or to sow seeds of doubt in a group or situation.
- Apporter le trouble
- To disturb the peace or a quiet atmosphere.
- Éprouver un trouble
- To feel a sense of unease or emotional stirring.
In formal writing, 'trouble' can describe the opacity of a liquid. If you are describing a chemistry experiment or a glass of cloudy water, you would say 'l'eau présente un trouble'. In a more abstract sense, 'pêcher en eau trouble' (to fish in troubled waters) is a common idiom meaning to take advantage of a confused or difficult situation for personal gain. This highlights the word's versatility—from the literal cloudiness of water to the metaphorical cloudiness of human intentions.
When discussing politics, 'les troubles' refers to periods of upheaval. You might read about 'les troubles de 1968' or 'les troubles civils'. Here, it functions as a synonym for émeutes (riots) or agitation. In the workplace, 'trouble' might be used to describe a disruption in productivity or a conflict between colleagues that 'jette le trouble' on the project's progress. It is a word that carries weight; it suggests that something which should be clear or calm has become messy or unstable.
You will encounter trouble in several distinct environments. In a medical setting, a doctor might discuss 'troubles du sommeil' (sleep disorders) or 'troubles digestifs' (digestive issues). It is the standard professional term for any functional deviation from the norm. In news broadcasts, journalists use it to describe 'troubles à l'ordre public' when reporting on protests or strikes that have turned violent. It sounds more formal and objective than 'bagarre' (fight) or 'désordre'.
In literature and cinema, 'le trouble' is a favorite word for describing the moment a character feels a spark of attraction or a sudden realization that leaves them speechless. It captures that specific internal 'shaking' that isn't quite fear but isn't quite joy either. If a character in a French film says, 'Je ressens un certain trouble en votre présence,' they are admitting to being emotionally affected or intrigued by the other person.
- In the Pharmacy
- 'Avez-vous des troubles de la digestion ?' (Do you have digestive disorders?)
- In the Courtroom
- 'L'accusé a causé un trouble manifeste à l'ordre public.'
- In a Restaurant
- 'Ce vin a un trouble, pourriez-vous le changer ?' (This wine is cloudy...)
Furthermore, in academic or psychological discussions, you will hear about 'troubles de la personnalité' or 'troubles obsessionnels compulsifs' (TOC). It is the foundational word for clinical diagnosis. Even in daily conversation, if someone is acting strangely or seems 'off', a friend might ask, 'Qu'est-ce qui cause ton trouble ?' although this is slightly more formal than asking 'Qu'est-ce qui ne va pas ?'.
The most frequent mistake for English speakers is the False Friend (Faux-ami) trap. In English, 'to be in trouble' means you are facing a penalty or a difficult situation (e.g., 'I'm in trouble with my boss'). In French, you cannot say 'Je suis dans le trouble' to mean this. Instead, you should use avoir des ennuis or avoir des problèmes. Using 'trouble' in this context sounds like an anglicism (common in Quebec but incorrect in standard European French).
Another mistake is the gender. 'Trouble' is masculine (le trouble), but because it ends in 'e', many learners mistakenly treat it as feminine. Remember: un grand trouble, not une grande trouble. Additionally, learners often confuse the noun le trouble with the adjective trouble. While they look the same, their placement and function differ: 'une eau trouble' (adjective) vs 'le trouble de l'eau' (noun).
- Mistake: 'Je suis dans le trouble'
- Correction: 'J'ai des ennuis' or 'Je suis dans le pétrin'.
- Mistake: 'La trouble'
- Correction: 'Le trouble' (Masculine).
- Mistake: Using it for 'difficulty'
- Correction: Use 'difficulté' for tasks. 'J'ai du mal à faire ça' instead of 'J'ai un trouble à faire ça'.
Finally, be careful with the plural. 'Les troubles' specifically refers to disorders or unrest. If you mean 'I have many problems', say 'J'ai beaucoup de problèmes'. If you say 'J'ai des troubles', a French person might think you are referring to a medical condition or psychological issues.
Several words share a semantic field with trouble, but each has a specific nuance. Agitation refers to physical or mental restlessness, often more visible than 'trouble'. Confusion is specifically about a lack of mental clarity or mixing things up. Désordre refers to a lack of organization in a physical space or a system. Malaise is a feeling of physical or mental discomfort, often social in nature.
- Perturbation
- A technical or formal term for a disturbance in a system (e.g., atmospheric perturbations).
- Émoi
- A more poetic or literary word for emotional excitement or agitation.
- Dysfonctionnement
- Used in technical or organizational contexts to describe something not working correctly.
When comparing trouble to problème, remember that a problème is something to be solved (like a math problem or a logistical hurdle), whereas un trouble is a state to be calmed or a condition to be treated. If your car won't start, it's a problème. If your vision is blurry, it's a trouble de la vue. If there is a riot in the street, those are des troubles. Understanding these distinctions helps in choosing the word that conveys the exact type of 'disruption' you are describing.
How Formal Is It?
発音ガイド
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Nouns ending in -e that are masculine
Using 'de' after 'trouble' to specify the type
Adjective agreement for 'trouble'
レベル別の例文
L'eau du lac est un peu trouble aujourd'hui.
The lake water is a bit cloudy today.
Here 'trouble' is an adjective modifying 'eau'.
J'ai un trouble de la vue.
I have a vision problem.
Noun phrase: trouble + de + la + vue.
Il y a du trouble dans la rue.
There is some disturbance in the street.
Partitive article 'du' with masculine noun 'trouble'.
Le bébé a un trouble du sommeil.
The baby has a sleep disorder.
Common medical expression.
Je sens un trouble.
I feel a disturbance / unease.
Direct object of the verb 'sentir'.
C'est un trouble léger.
It is a slight disturbance.
Adjective 'léger' follows the noun.
Il n'y a pas de trouble ici.
There is no trouble/disturbance here.
Negation 'pas de' with noun.
Le trouble est fini.
The disturbance is over.
Subject of the sentence.
Elle a ressenti un grand trouble en le voyant.
She felt a great unease/agitation upon seeing him.
Verb 'ressentir' is often used with 'trouble'.
Les troubles de l'apprentissage sont fréquents.
Learning disorders are frequent.
Plural noun 'les troubles'.
Ce médicament calme le trouble.
This medicine calms the disorder/agitation.
Definite article 'le'.
Il y a eu des troubles pendant le match.
There were disturbances during the match.
Plural 'des troubles' for events.
Son regard exprime un certain trouble.
His gaze expresses a certain unease.
Adjective 'certain' adds nuance.
Le trouble a duré toute la nuit.
The disturbance lasted all night.
Past participle 'duré'.
Elle parle de son trouble avec son médecin.
She is talking about her disorder with her doctor.
Preposition 'de' after 'parler'.
C'est un trouble passager.
It's a temporary disturbance.
Adjective 'passager' means temporary.
Sa présence a jeté le trouble dans la réunion.
His presence caused confusion in the meeting.
Idiom 'jeter le trouble'.
Les troubles alimentaires doivent être pris au sérieux.
Eating disorders must be taken seriously.
Passive voice 'être pris'.
Il a été arrêté pour trouble à l'ordre public.
He was arrested for disturbing the peace.
Legal term 'trouble à l'ordre public'.
Le trouble de la mémoire est un symptôme.
Memory loss/disorder is a symptom.
Noun complement 'de la mémoire'.
Elle cache son trouble derrière un sourire.
She hides her unease behind a smile.
Preposition 'derrière'.
Les troubles de la circulation sont fréquents le lundi.
Traffic disruptions are frequent on Mondays.
Plural 'troubles' for disruptions.
Un léger trouble s'est installé entre eux.
A slight unease settled between them.
Pronominal verb 's'est installé'.
Le témoin a montré un trouble évident.
The witness showed obvious agitation.
Adjective 'évident' modifies 'trouble'.
L'annonce du scandale a provoqué de graves troubles sociaux.
The announcement of the scandal caused serious social unrest.
Adjective 'graves' and 'sociaux' with plural noun.
Il souffre de troubles obsessionnels compulsifs.
He suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorders.
Standard clinical term (TOC).
Elle a su exploiter le trouble de son adversaire.
She knew how to exploit her opponent's confusion.
Infinitive 'exploiter' as object.
Le trouble de voisinage peut mener au tribunal.
Neighborly nuisance can lead to court.
Specific legal term.
Son discours n'a fait qu'accentuer le trouble général.
His speech only increased the general confusion.
Restrictive 'ne... que'.
Le trouble de l'élocution était dû au stress.
The speech impediment was due to stress.
Passive 'était dû à'.
Il y a un trouble profond dans cette famille.
There is a deep-seated disorder/unease in this family.
Adjective 'profond'.
Le trouble de la personnalité limite est complexe.
Borderline personality disorder is complex.
Clinical term.
L'œuvre d'art suscite un trouble indéfinissable chez le spectateur.
The artwork evokes an indefinable unease in the viewer.
Verb 'susciter' (to evoke/arouse).
Les troubles de la conscience sont étudiés en neurologie.
Disorders of consciousness are studied in neurology.
Scientific context.
Elle navigue avec aisance dans le trouble des passions humaines.
She navigates with ease through the turmoil of human passions.
Literary/Metaphorical usage.
Le trouble apporté à la paix publique est sévèrement puni.
The disturbance caused to public peace is severely punished.
Formal legal phrasing.
Il y a une part de trouble dans toute création artistique.
There is a part of turmoil/confusion in all artistic creation.
Abstract noun usage.
L'ambiguïté de ses propos jette le trouble sur ses intentions.
The ambiguity of his words casts doubt on his intentions.
Idiom 'jeter le trouble sur'.
Le trouble de jouissance est un concept du droit immobilier.
Disturbance of quiet enjoyment is a real estate law concept.
Highly technical legal term.
L'histoire est marquée par des troubles dynastiques incessants.
History is marked by constant dynastic upheavals.
Historical context.
Le trouble sémantique de ce texte rend sa traduction périlleuse.
The semantic confusion of this text makes its translation perilous.
Linguistic/Academic context.
Il s'agit d'un trouble ontologique lié à la condition humaine.
It is an ontological disturbance linked to the human condition.
Philosophical register.
L'auteur explore le trouble des sens avec une précision chirurgicale.
The author explores the confusion of the senses with surgical precision.
Literary criticism register.
La décision a engendré un trouble systémique au sein de l'institution.
The decision generated a systemic disruption within the institution.
Sociological/Organizational context.
Le trouble de la perception est ici utilisé comme métaphore politique.
The perceptual disorder is used here as a political metaphor.
Analytical register.
Elle a ressenti ce trouble indicible propre aux grandes tragédies.
She felt that unspeakable unease peculiar to great tragedies.
High literary style.
Les troubles de l'humeur sont souvent sous-estimés par la société.
Mood disorders are often underestimated by society.
Clinical/Social commentary.
L'avènement de la technologie a jeté le trouble dans les rapports sociaux traditionnels.
The advent of technology has disrupted traditional social relations.
Sociological observation.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
In Quebec, 'être dans le trouble' is commonly used like the English 'to be in trouble', but this is an anglicism.
The plural 'troubles' is much more common in clinical and political contexts.
- Using 'trouble' for 'punishment'.
- Making 'trouble' feminine.
- Using 'trouble' for a simple math problem.
- Confusing the noun with the verb 'troubler'.
- Using 'des troubles' when you just mean 'some problems'.
ヒント
Medical Use
Always use 'trouble' for clinical conditions like 'trouble bipolaire'.
Gender
Remember 'un trouble' despite the 'e' ending.
Eau Trouble
Use 'pêcher en eau trouble' in political discussions.
Nuance
Use 'émoi' for romantic agitation instead of 'trouble' for more poetic effect.
Social Context
In history books, look for 'les troubles' to find periods of rebellion.
Vision
If you can't see clearly, say 'Je vois trouble'.
News
Journalists love the word 'troubles' for protests.
False Friend
Don't say 'Je suis dans le trouble' for 'I'm in trouble'.
Variety
Swap 'trouble' with 'perturbation' in scientific contexts.
Turbulence
Associate 'trouble' with 'turbulence' to remember it means disruption.
暗記しよう
語源
From Vulgar Latin *turbulus, from Latin turbare (to disturb), from turba (crowd/turmoil).
文化的な背景
Protests and 'troubles sociaux' are a common part of French political life.
The French medical system uses 'troubles' for everything from dyslexia to depression.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"As-tu déjà ressenti un trouble en rencontrant quelqu'un ?"
"Quels sont les troubles sociaux les plus importants aujourd'hui ?"
"Est-ce que tu as des troubles du sommeil quand tu es stressé ?"
"Que penses-tu de l'expression 'pêcher en eau trouble' ?"
"As-tu déjà eu un trouble de la vue passager ?"
日記のテーマ
Décrivez un moment où vous avez ressenti un grand trouble émotionnel.
Pensez-vous que les troubles sociaux sont nécessaires pour le changement ?
Quels troubles de l'apprentissage connaissez-vous ?
Analysez une situation où quelqu'un a 'jeté le trouble' dans votre vie.
Décrivez une scène avec de l'eau trouble et ce qu'elle représente pour vous.
よくある質問
10 問In standard French, no. Use 'J'ai des ennuis'. In Quebec, it is common but considered informal.
Yes, as a noun it is always masculine: 'le trouble'.
It is a legal term for disturbing the peace or causing public disorder.
It means to take advantage of a chaotic or unclear situation for one's own benefit.
Yes, it means 'cloudy' or 'blurry' (e.g., une vue trouble).
Un trouble du sommeil (usually plural: les troubles du sommeil).
A person who ruins the mood or the party; a killjoy.
It's closer to 'agitation' or 'unease' than 'worry' (souci).
Use it when something causes confusion or doubt in a group: 'Sa question a jeté le trouble'.
'Désordre' is lack of organization; 'trouble' is lack of clarity or peace.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The French word 'trouble' is a versatile noun signifying a loss of order or clarity. It is essential for medical, emotional, and social descriptions, but should not be confused with the English idiom for facing punishment.
- Trouble refers to a disruption of clarity, peace, or health, ranging from cloudy water to social riots.
- It is a masculine noun (le trouble) and can also be used as an adjective (trouble) meaning blurry.
- In medical contexts, it signifies a disorder (e.g., troubles du sommeil, troubles alimentaires).
- It is a false friend; 'to be in trouble' is usually 'avoir des ennuis', not 'être dans le trouble'.
Medical Use
Always use 'trouble' for clinical conditions like 'trouble bipolaire'.
Gender
Remember 'un trouble' despite the 'e' ending.
Eau Trouble
Use 'pêcher en eau trouble' in political discussions.
Nuance
Use 'émoi' for romantic agitation instead of 'trouble' for more poetic effect.
関連コンテンツ
emotionsの関連語
à contrecœur
B1不本意ながら、あるいは渋々何かをすること。
à fleur de peau
B1Oversensitive; easily affected emotionally.
à la fois
B1「同時に」または「一度に」という意味です。
à l'aise
A2快適でリラックスしており、恥ずかしさや心配がない状態。
à regret
B1With regret; reluctantly.
abandon
B1誰かや何かを永久に去る、あるいは放棄する行為。
abasourdi
B1Stunned, dumbfounded, greatly astonished or shocked.
abattement
A2ひどく落胆した状態、または気力の減退。
abattu
A2打ちひしがれた、意気消沈した。
abominable
B1Causing moral revulsion; detestable.
