교통 30秒で
- Refers to the movement of people and vehicles.
- Used to describe transportation convenience and road conditions.
- Commonly paired with '편리하다' (convenient) and '체증' (congestion).
- Essential for discussing urban life, commuting, and infrastructure.
The Korean word 교통 (Gyotong) is a fundamental noun that encompasses the entire spectrum of movement involving people, vehicles, and information between different points. While most commonly translated as 'traffic' or 'transportation,' its etymological roots suggest a deeper meaning of 'intersection' and 'passing through.' In a modern urban context, it refers to the complex systems of roads, railways, and air routes that facilitate the flow of society. Understanding '교통' is essential for anyone living in or visiting Korea, as the country prides itself on one of the most efficient transportation infrastructures in the world.
- Core Concept
- The systematic movement of entities from one location to another using established networks.
- Scope
- Includes public transit, private vehicles, pedestrian flow, and even the historical movement of news.
서울은 교통이 매우 편리한 도시입니다. (Seoul is a city where transportation is very convenient.)
When we talk about '교통' in daily life, we are often referring to the state of the roads. If someone says '교통이 나쁘다' (traffic is bad), they might mean there is heavy congestion or that the area lacks accessible bus stops or subway stations. This duality makes it a versatile word. It is not just about the cars on the road, but the accessibility of a location. For instance, a '교통의 요지' is a strategic point where many transport lines meet, making it a prime location for business and residence.
퇴근 시간에는 교통 체증이 심합니다. (Traffic congestion is severe during rush hour.)
- Etymology
- Derived from Hanja: 交 (Gyo - to cross/exchange) and 通 (Tong - to pass/communicate).
Using '교통' correctly requires understanding its common verb pairings and descriptive adjectives. In Korean, we don't just 'have' traffic; traffic 'is' convenient, 'is' blocked, or 'is' smooth. The most common way to describe the quality of transportation in an area is using the adjectives '편리하다' (convenient) or '불편하다' (inconvenient). If you are talking about the physical movement of cars, you use terms like '원활하다' (to be smooth/flowing) or '혼잡하다' (to be crowded/congested).
- Common Verbs
- 교통을 이용하다 (to use transport), 교통이 마비되다 (traffic is paralyzed), 교통을 통제하다 (to control traffic).
폭설로 인해 교통이 마비되었습니다. (Traffic was paralyzed due to heavy snow.)
In formal settings, such as news reports or academic papers, '교통' is often combined with other nouns to create compound terms. '교통 정책' (transport policy), '교통 수단' (means of transport), and '교통망' (transport network) are vital for discussing infrastructure. When you are a passenger, you are part of the '교통 흐름' (traffic flow). If you violate a rule, you are subject to '교통 법규' (traffic regulations).
대중교통을 이용하면 시간을 절약할 수 있습니다. (You can save time by using public transportation.)
You will encounter the word '교통' almost everywhere in South Korea. It is a staple of daily news broadcasts, which often feature a '교통 정보' (traffic information) segment every 10 to 30 minutes, especially during the morning and evening rush hours. Radio stations like TBS (Traffic Broadcasting System) are dedicated entirely to providing real-time updates on road conditions, accidents, and subway delays. In these contexts, you'll hear technical terms like '정체' (stagnation/delay) and '우회' (detour).
라디오에서 교통 방송을 듣고 길을 돌아갔어요. (I heard the traffic broadcast on the radio and took a detour.)
In public spaces, signs frequently use the word. '교통 약자' (the transportation vulnerable) refers to the elderly, disabled, or pregnant women who have reserved seating on buses and subways. You'll also see '교통 카드' (transportation card) everywhere, as Korea's integrated fare system (T-money) is the primary way people pay for transit. Announcements in subway stations might mention '교통 혼잡' to explain why a train is delayed or why a platform is particularly crowded.
- Daily Encounters
- Subway announcements, GPS navigation systems, news reports, and real estate advertisements (emphasizing '역세권' or proximity to transport).
One common mistake for learners is confusing '교통' (traffic/transport) with '운송' (shipping/transportation of goods) or '통신' (communication). While '교통' can refer to the movement of people, '운송' is specifically used for logistics and moving cargo. Another error is using '교통' when you specifically mean a 'car' or a 'vehicle.' For example, saying '교통이 빨라요' to mean 'the car is fast' is incorrect; you should say '차가 빨라요.' '교통이 빠르다' would imply that the entire transport system or the flow of traffic is moving quickly.
Wrong: 교통을 운전해요. (I drive traffic.)
Right: 차를 운전해요. (I drive a car.)
Learners also struggle with the difference between '교통 체증' and '교통 정체.' While often used interchangeably, '체증' (literally 'indigestion') is a more colloquial and vivid way to describe a heavy jam, whereas '정체' is more formal and technical. Additionally, be careful with the particle usage. '교통이 막히다' is the standard way to say 'traffic is blocked,' but learners sometimes mistakenly use '교통을 막히다,' which is grammatically incorrect because '막히다' is an intransitive (passive) verb.
To enrich your vocabulary, it's helpful to compare '교통' with related terms like '운송' (transportation/logistics), '통행' (passing through), and '이동' (movement/migration). While '교통' is the broad system, '운송' focuses on the act of carrying things. '통행' is often used in the context of '통행료' (toll) or '통행 금지' (curfew/no passage), focusing on the right or ability to pass through a specific point.
- 교통 vs. 운송
- 교통 is the general flow of people/vehicles; 운송 is the commercial transport of goods (logistics).
- 교통 vs. 이동
- 이동 is the simple act of moving from A to B; 교통 is the infrastructure and system that allows that movement.
이 지역은 교통이 편리하지만, 대형 화물차의 통행은 제한됩니다. (This area has convenient transport, but the passage of large trucks is restricted.)
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
-기 때문에 (Because of)
-아/어지다 (To become)
-(으)로 (By means of)
-ㄴ/은/는 (Noun modifying)
-이/가 (Subject particle)
レベル別の例文
교통 카드가 어디에 있어요?
Where is the transportation card?
Noun + 가/이 (Subject particle)
이 마을은 교통이 좋아요.
This village has good transportation.
Adjective '좋다' used with '교통'
교통이 아주 편리해요.
Transportation is very convenient.
Adverb '아주' modifying '편리해요'
어제 교통 사고가 났어요.
There was a traffic accident yesterday.
교통 사고 (Compound noun)
교통비를 내세요.
Please pay the transportation fee.
교통비 (Transport cost)
교통 표지판을 보세요.
Look at the traffic sign.
교통 표지판 (Traffic sign)
서울은 교통이 복잡해요.
Seoul's traffic is complicated.
복잡하다 (To be complicated/crowded)
교통이 나빠요.
The transportation is bad.
Antonym of '좋다'
대중교통을 자주 이용합니까?
Do you often use public transportation?
대중교통 (Public transport)
교통 체증 때문에 늦었어요.
I was late because of traffic congestion.
-때문에 (Because of)
교통 상황을 확인해 보세요.
Please check the traffic situation.
교통 상황 (Traffic situation)
교통 질서를 잘 지킵시다.
Let's follow traffic order well.
-읍시다 (Let's...)
교통이 편리한 곳으로 이사하고 싶어요.
I want to move to a place with convenient transport.
Noun-modifying form (~ㄴ 곳)
교통 방송을 들으면서 운전해요.
I drive while listening to the traffic broadcast.
-(으)면서 (While doing...)
이곳은 교통의 요지입니다.
This place is a hub of transportation.
교통의 요지 (Strategic transport point)
교통 수단에는 버스와 지하철이 있습니다.
Means of transport include buses and subways.
교통 수단 (Means of transport)
정부는 새로운 교통 정책을 발표했습니다.
The government announced a new transportation policy.
교통 정책 (Transport policy)
교통 사고를 예방하기 위해 노력해야 합니다.
We must make efforts to prevent traffic accidents.
-기 위해 (In order to)
출퇴근 시간에는 교통이 매우 혼잡합니다.
Traffic is very congested during commuting hours.
출퇴근 시간 (Rush hour)
교통 법규를 위반하면 벌금을 내야 합니다.
If you violate traffic regulations, you must pay a fine.
위반하다 (To violate)
지하철 파업으로 인해 교통이 불편해졌습니다.
Transportation has become inconvenient due to the subway strike.
-으로 인해 (Due to)
교통 환경을 개선하는 것이 시급합니다.
Improving the traffic environment is urgent.
-는 것 (Gerund/Making a noun)
교통 약자를 위한 좌석을 비워둡시다.
Let's leave seats empty for the transportation vulnerable.
교통 약자 (Vulnerable commuters)
교통망이 확충되어 이동이 빨라졌습니다.
The transport network has been expanded, so movement has become faster.
교통망 (Transport network)
도시화가 진행됨에 따라 교통 문제도 심각해지고 있습니다.
As urbanization progresses, traffic problems are also becoming serious.
-함에 따라 (As... progresses)
교통 체증을 완화하기 위해 유료 도로를 도입했습니다.
Toll roads were introduced to alleviate traffic congestion.
완화하다 (To alleviate)
교통 안전 교육은 어릴 때부터 시작해야 합니다.
Traffic safety education should start from a young age.
교통 안전 (Traffic safety)
교통 흐름을 방해하는 불법 주차를 단속합니다.
We are cracking down on illegal parking that obstructs traffic flow.
단속하다 (To crack down)
이 지역은 교통 인프라가 잘 갖춰져 있습니다.
This area has well-equipped transportation infrastructure.
교통 인프라 (Transport infrastructure)
교통 사고 사망률을 줄이는 것이 목표입니다.
The goal is to reduce the traffic accident fatality rate.
사망률 (Fatality rate)
교통 유발 부담금이 건물주에게 부과되었습니다.
A traffic impact fee was imposed on the building owner.
교통 유발 부담금 (Traffic impact fee)
지능형 교통 시스템(ITS)이 도입되어 효율성이 높아졌습니다.
Efficiency has increased with the introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
지능형 교통 시스템 (ITS)
교통 체계의 전면적인 개편이 요구되는 시점입니다.
It is a point in time where a total reorganization of the traffic system is required.
전면적인 개편 (Total reorganization)
탄소 중립을 위해 친환경 교통 수단으로의 전환이 필요합니다.
A transition to eco-friendly means of transport is necessary for carbon neutrality.
탄소 중립 (Carbon neutrality)
교통 혼잡 비용이 매년 천문학적으로 증가하고 있습니다.
The cost of traffic congestion is increasing astronomically every year.
천문학적 (Astronomical)
교통의 발달은 인류 문명의 교류를 촉진해 왔습니다.
The development of transportation has promoted the exchange of human civilizations.
촉진하다 (To promote/accelerate)
교통 수요 관리를 통해 도심 진입 차량을 억제해야 합니다.
Vehicles entering the city center must be suppressed through transport demand management.
교통 수요 관리 (Transport demand management)
교통 약자의 이동권 보장은 국가의 의무입니다.
Guaranteeing the right to mobility for the transportation vulnerable is the state's duty.
이동권 (Right to mobility)
교통 사고의 원인을 다각도로 분석할 필요가 있습니다.
It is necessary to analyze the causes of traffic accidents from various angles.
다각도로 (From various angles)
광역 교통망 확충은 수도권 집중 현상을 심화시킬 수 있습니다.
Expanding the metropolitan transport network may intensify the concentration in the capital area.
심화시키다 (To intensify)
교통은 단순한 이동을 넘어 사회적 연결망의 중추적 역할을 수행한다.
Transportation performs a pivotal role in social networks beyond simple movement.
중추적 역할 (Pivotal role)
교통 인프라의 불균형은 지역 간 경제적 격차를 야기하는 주요 요인이다.
Imbalance in transport infrastructure is a major factor causing economic gaps between regions.
야기하다 (To cause/bring about)
미래의 교통은 자율주행과 공유 경제가 결합된 형태가 될 것이다.
Future transportation will be a form where autonomous driving and the sharing economy are combined.
자율주행 (Autonomous driving)
교통 정책의 성패는 시민들의 자발적인 참여와 인식 변화에 달려 있다.
The success or failure of transport policy depends on citizens' voluntary participation and change in perception.
~에 달려 있다 (Depends on)
교통 혼잡을 해결하기 위한 입체적인 도시 설계가 도입되고 있다.
Three-dimensional urban designs are being introduced to solve traffic congestion.
입체적 (Three-dimensional)
교통 사고에 대한 법적 책임 공방이 치열하게 전개되었다.
The legal battle over responsibility for the traffic accident unfolded fiercely.
공방 (Battle/Dispute)
교통의 발달이 시공간의 제약을 허물고 지구촌 시대를 열었다.
The development of transport broke the constraints of time and space and opened the era of the global village.
허물다 (To break down/demolish)
지속 가능한 발전을 위해 교통 부문의 에너지 효율 제고가 필수적이다.
Improving energy efficiency in the transport sector is essential for sustainable development.
제고 (Improvement/Enhancement)
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
'교통' is the system; '차' (car) is the vehicle. Don't say 'I drive traffic'.
In real estate, '교통' is the most important factor for price.
- Using '교통' to mean 'a car' (e.g., '교통을 타요' is wrong).
- Confusing '교통' with '운송' (shipping goods).
- Using the wrong particle: '교통을 막히다' instead of '교통이 막히다'.
- Saying '교통이 빨라요' to mean a specific bus is fast.
- Misspelling it as '고통' (which means 'pain'!).
ヒント
Learn Compounds
Instead of just learning '교통', learn '교통 사고', '교통 체증', and '교통 카드' together. These are used much more often than the word alone.
T-money is King
If you visit Korea, get a 교통 카드 immediately. It works nationwide and gives you discounts on transfers between bus and subway.
Adjective Choice
Use '편리하다' (convenient) to describe good transport. It sounds much more professional and natural than just saying '좋다'.
Radio Updates
Listen to 95.1 MHz in Seoul for TBS. Even if you don't understand everything, hearing '교통' in context will help your ears adjust.
Late for a Meeting?
If you are late, say '교통 체증 때문에 늦었습니다'. It is a very standard and acceptable excuse in Korea.
Topic Sentences
When writing about a city, start with '이 도시는 교통이 매우 편리합니다'. It's a perfect opening for a descriptive paragraph.
Traffic Rules
Koreans take '교통 법규' seriously in school. Learning the signs (표지판) can help you learn more nouns related to movement.
Hanja Power
Remember 交 (Gyo) means 'cross'. You see it in '교환' (exchange) too. This helps you realize '교통' is about things crossing paths.
News Headers
Look for the '교통' section in Korean news apps. It's usually near the 'Society' or 'Local' news and is easy to skim for keywords.
Real Estate
When looking for a house, check the '교통편'. This refers to the specific bus or subway lines available near the property.
暗記しよう
語源
Sino-Korean (Hanja)
文化的な背景
The universal transportation card used for buses, subways, and even taxis.
The 'hurry-hurry' culture often leads to aggressive driving or fast-paced traffic flow.
Known as '대리운전', a service where someone drives your car home if you've been drinking, essential for traffic safety.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"오늘 교통 상황이 어때요? (How is the traffic situation today?)"
"집에서 회사까지 교통이 편리해요? (Is the transport from home to work convenient?)"
"한국의 대중교통에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요? (What do you think about Korea's public transport?)"
"교통 체증을 피하는 방법이 있나요? (Is there a way to avoid traffic jams?)"
"가장 자주 이용하는 교통 수단은 뭐예요? (What is your most frequently used means of transport?)"
日記のテーマ
Describe your worst experience with '교통 체증'.
Compare the '교통' system in your hometown with Seoul.
How would you improve the '교통' in your city?
Do you prefer private cars or '대중교통'? Why?
Write about a time you had a '교통 사고' or a near-miss.
よくある質問
10 問교통 is the general term for traffic and transportation. 대중교통 specifically refers to public transportation like buses and subways. You use 교통 for the whole system and 대중교통 for the services provided to the public.
You can say '교통 체증' (formal) or '차가 막혀요' (natural/common). Both are correct, but '차가 막혀요' is used more in daily speech. '정체' is also used in formal news reports.
Yes, it can be. '항공 교통' refers to air traffic. However, in daily life, people usually mean roads and subways when they just say '교통'. For planes, '항공' is more specific.
In a technical sense, 'network traffic' can be called '트래픽' or '통신량'. While '교통' etymologically means communication, in modern Korean, it is almost exclusively for physical transport.
It refers to people who have difficulty using transportation, such as the elderly, pregnant women, and the disabled. You will see this term on reserved seats in Korea.
Most people use a '교통 카드' (transportation card) like T-money. You can tap it on buses, subways, and even in taxis. It is much cheaper than paying with cash.
It means 'traffic accident'. It is a very common compound noun. If you are in one, you would call the police or your insurance company.
Because Korea is mountainous and densely populated, efficient '교통' is vital for the economy. The country has invested heavily in high-speed rail (KTX) and subways.
It means 'transportation expenses'. This includes bus fares, subway fares, gas for your car, and tolls. Many companies in Korea provide a '교통비' allowance.
It means 'traffic is paralyzed'. This happens during heavy snow, strikes, or major accidents when no vehicles can move at all.
自分をテスト 180 問
Write a sentence using '교통' and '편리하다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'The traffic is bad' in Korean.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen and write: '교통 체증이 심해서 늦었습니다.'
Describe your commute briefly.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Explain why you are late using '교통'.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write about the impact of traffic on the environment.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Discuss the pros of public transport.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '이번 역은 교통 혼잡이 예상됩니다.'
What is '교통의 요지'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
How do you check traffic in Korea?
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '교통 사고 사망률이 감소하고 있습니다.'
Write 'Good traffic'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'Transportation card'.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '교통이 편리해요.'
Why is public transport good?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Ask 'Is the traffic heavy?'
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '교통 상황이 좋지 않습니다.'
Translate: 'I use the subway.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'The subway is convenient.'
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '교통 카드를 충전하세요.'
Discuss the future of autonomous driving.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Argue for higher traffic fines.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen: '교통 인프라의 불균형을 해소해야 합니다.'
Write: 'I am late due to traffic.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'Let's follow traffic rules.'
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통비를 절약합시다.'
Translate: 'Traffic is heavy.'
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Say 'I lost my transport card.'
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통이 편리한 곳입니다.'
Explain '교통 약자'.
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Discuss traffic safety.
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Listen: '교통 체증을 완화하기 위한 대책.'
Write 'Traffic is bad'.
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Say 'Bus'.
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あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통 카드'.
Translate: 'I save on transportation costs.'
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Say 'The traffic is smooth.'
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Listen: '교통 법규를 위반하지 마세요.'
Write 'I take the bus'.
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Say 'Is the subway station far?'
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あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통이 복잡하네요.'
Explain '교통 혼잡'.
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Talk about a traffic accident you saw.
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あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통 정책에 대한 시민들의 의견.'
Write 'I have a transport card'.
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Say 'Traffic is good'.
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あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통'.
Write: 'Public transport is convenient.'
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Say 'Be careful of traffic accidents.'
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あなたの回答：
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Listen: '교통 체증이 심하네요.'
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Perfect score!
Summary
The word '교통' (Gyotong) is the standard Korean term for traffic and transportation. It describes the entire system of movement in a city. Example: '교통이 편리하다' (Transportation is convenient).
- Refers to the movement of people and vehicles.
- Used to describe transportation convenience and road conditions.
- Commonly paired with '편리하다' (convenient) and '체증' (congestion).
- Essential for discussing urban life, commuting, and infrastructure.
Learn Compounds
Instead of just learning '교통', learn '교통 사고', '교통 체증', and '교통 카드' together. These are used much more often than the word alone.
T-money is King
If you visit Korea, get a 교통 카드 immediately. It works nationwide and gives you discounts on transfers between bus and subway.
Adjective Choice
Use '편리하다' (convenient) to describe good transport. It sounds much more professional and natural than just saying '좋다'.
Radio Updates
Listen to 95.1 MHz in Seoul for TBS. Even if you don't understand everything, hearing '교통' in context will help your ears adjust.
例文
출퇴근 시간에는 교통 체증이 매우 심합니다.
