このページをあなたの言語で
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 noun 10分で読める

kurum

例文 メモとヒント kurum 30秒で
解説 kurum in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know 'kurum' as a word for a big, formal place like a school or a bank. Think of it as a 'big office' or 'official place.' You might see it on signs. At this stage, just remember that it means 'institution.' You don't need to worry about the other meanings like 'soot' or 'arrogance.' Focus on simple sentences like 'Bu bir kurum' (This is an institution). It is a noun, and it follows basic vowel harmony. If you are talking about where someone works, and they work for the government, you might hear this word. It's a bit more formal than 'okul' (school) or 'hastane' (hospital), but it covers all those types of places. Just think of it as a formal name for an organization.
無料登録して完全な解説を読む
At the A2 level, you should start using 'kurum' in more specific contexts. You will see it in phrases like 'devlet kurumu' (state institution) or 'özel kurum' (private institution). This is the level where you learn how institutions function in daily life—getting documents, working, or visiting. You should be able to add basic suffixes, such as 'kurumda' (at the institution) or 'kuruma' (to the institution). For example, 'Kurumda çalışıyorum' (I am working at the institution). You are also beginning to see how Turkish forms compound nouns, so 'eğitim kurumu' (educational institution) becomes a useful phrase to describe schools and universities collectively. It's a step up from A1 because you are now categorizing the world into different types of formal entities.
At the B1 level, you can use 'kurum' to discuss social and professional structures. You should understand that 'kurum' implies a level of formality and permanence. You might use it to talk about 'kurum kültürü' (corporate/institutional culture) or 'kurumsal kimlik' (institutional identity). You are now comfortable with more complex grammar, like using 'kurum' as the base for possessive constructions: 'Bu kurumun amacı nedir?' (What is the purpose of this institution?). You also start to encounter the word in news reports about government policies. At this stage, you should also be aware of its homonym 'soot,' though you will mostly use the 'institution' meaning. You can distinguish between 'kurum' and 'şirket' (company) based on the organization's mission and public role.
無料登録して完全な解説を読む
At the B2 level, 'kurum' becomes a tool for more abstract discussion. You can talk about the 'institution of marriage' (evlilik kurumu) or 'social institutions' (sosyal kurumlar) in a sociological sense. You understand the nuances between 'kurum' and its synonyms like 'kuruluş' or 'müessese.' You can write formal letters to an institution using the correct buffer letters (e.g., 'Kurumunuzun dikkatine' - To the attention of your institution). You also recognize the idiomatic use of 'kurum satmak' (to act haughty), though you use it sparingly. Your vocabulary is rich enough to discuss the history and impact of various institutions on Turkish society, and you can follow complex debates about institutional reform in the media.
無料登録して完全な解説を読む
At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of 'kurum' in all its facets. You can use it in academic writing to describe systemic structures. You understand the legal implications of the word in the Turkish constitution and administrative law. You can navigate the subtle differences in register between 'kurum,' 'teşkilat,' and 'organ.' You are also familiar with the historical evolution of the word from its roots to its modern usage in the Republic. In literature, you can appreciate how authors use the concept of an 'institution' to critique society. Your use of suffixes and buffer letters is flawless, even in long, complex institutional names like 'Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu' (TÜBİTAK).
無料登録して完全な解説を読む
At the C2 level, you use 'kurum' with the precision of a native speaker or a legal expert. You can engage in high-level discourse about institutional theory, the 'institutionalization' (kurumsallaşma) of processes, and the philosophical underpinnings of state institutions. You can effortlessly switch between the primary meaning and the rarer meanings (soot, arrogance) for rhetorical effect or wordplay. You understand the deep cultural connotations of specific Turkish institutions and their roles in the national identity. Whether you are reading a supreme court ruling or a postmodern novel, you grasp every layer of meaning and nuance associated with 'kurum' and its derived forms.
無料登録して完全な解説を読む
例文 メモとヒント

kurum 30秒で

  • Kurum means 'institution' or 'establishment' in Turkish, used for formal organizations like schools, banks, and government offices.
  • It is a formal noun that is essential for navigating Turkish bureaucracy and professional environments.
  • It can also mean 'soot' in a domestic context or 'arrogance' in specific idioms, though 'institution' is the primary meaning.
  • Commonly used in compound nouns like 'eğitim kurumu' (educational institution) or 'devlet kurumu' (state institution).

The Turkish word kurum primarily refers to an 'institution' or an 'establishment.' In the context of Turkish society and language, it signifies a structured organization that has a specific purpose, often legal, social, educational, or political. When you walk through the streets of Ankara or Istanbul, you will frequently see signs for various devlet kurumları (state institutions). The term carries a sense of permanence and formal structure, distinguishing it from a simple 'business' or 'shop.' It is the bedrock of how Turkish citizens interact with the state and various formal sectors of society.

Formal Organizations
This is the most common usage, referring to government bodies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), or large-scale educational entities. For example, a university is considered a kurum.
Soot or Carbon Black
Interestingly, in a completely different context, kurum also refers to the black powder (soot) that collects in chimneys or on surfaces after a fire. This is a homonym that learners should be aware of to avoid confusion in domestic contexts.
Affectation or Haughtiness
In idiomatic Turkish, kurum satmak means to put on airs or act in a conceited manner. Here, the word represents a psychological state of pride or showiness.

Bu kurum elli yıldır halka hizmet veriyor.

Translation: This institution has been serving the public for fifty years.

Understanding kurum is essential for navigating Turkish bureaucracy. Whether you are dealing with the Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (Social Security Institution) or the Türk Dil Kurumu (Turkish Language Association), the word signals that you are interacting with a formal entity that operates under specific rules and regulations. It is a word of prestige and stability. In everyday life, you might not use it to describe your local grocery store, but you would certainly use it for the bank, the hospital, or the tax office. It reflects the organized side of Turkish life, where tradition meets modern administrative practices.

Eğitim kurumları toplumun temelidir.

Translation: Educational institutions are the foundation of society.

Furthermore, the word is deeply embedded in the history of the Republic. Following the reforms of Atatürk, many new kurumlar were established to modernize the country. Therefore, using this word often evokes a sense of civic duty and institutional memory. It is not just a building; it is the collective effort of people working toward a common social goal. In academic writing, kurum is the standard term for describing any systematic social structure, from marriage as an institution to the judiciary.

Hangi kurumda çalışıyorsunuz?

Translation: At which institution do you work?

In summary, while the word has secondary meanings like 'soot' or 'arrogance,' its primary role in the Turkish language is to denote a formal, established organization. It is a high-frequency word in news, law, education, and professional life. Mastering its use allows a learner to sound more professional and precise when discussing the structures that govern and support life in Turkey.

Using kurum correctly requires an understanding of Turkish noun compound structures and case endings. Because it is a formal word, it often appears in the nominative case as the subject of a sentence or in the genitive case when describing something belonging to an institution. It is also frequently paired with adjectives that categorize the type of institution, such as özel (private), resmi (official), or akademik (academic).

As a Subject
When the institution itself is performing an action. Example: 'Kurum yeni bir karar aldı' (The institution took a new decision).
In Noun Compounds
This is the most frequent usage. Turkish uses the 'noun + noun + compound suffix' pattern. Example: 'Devlet kurumu' (State institution), where 'kurum' takes the suffix '-u'.

Resmi bir kurumdan belge almam gerekiyor.

Translation: I need to get a document from an official institution.

One of the nuances of kurum is that it implies a physical presence as well as a legal one. If you say you are 'going to the institution' (kuruma gidiyorum), people will assume you are heading to a specific office or headquarters. It is also important to note the plural form kurumlar. In discussions about social policy or reform, you will often hear about kurumlar arası iş birliği (inter-institutional cooperation), emphasizing the interconnectedness of different entities.

Bu kurumun kuralları çok katıdır.

Translation: The rules of this institution are very strict.

When using kurum in the sense of soot, the context is usually domestic. 'Baca kurumu' (chimney soot) is a common phrase. In the sense of arrogance, it is almost exclusively used in the phrase 'kurum satmak' or 'kurumundan geçilmiyor' (he is so arrogant you can't even pass by him). However, for A2 learners, focusing on the 'institution' meaning is the most productive path, as it appears in almost every formal document or news broadcast.

You will encounter kurum in various high-stakes and daily environments across Turkey. It is a staple of the bureaucratic landscape. If you are watching the evening news (ana haber bülteni), you will hear news anchors discussing decisions made by 'relevant institutions' (ilgili kurumlar). This phrasing is used to refer to government ministries or agencies without naming them individually every time.

Government Offices
Whenever you visit a 'Kaymakamlık' or 'Valilik,' you are entering a state kurum. Signs and official letters will use this word extensively.
Educational Settings
Universities often describe themselves as 'köklü bir kurum' (a deep-rooted institution), emphasizing their long history and academic prestige.

Sağlık kurumlarında maske takmak zorunludur.

Translation: It is mandatory to wear masks in health institutions.

In the workplace, HR departments often talk about 'kurum kültürü' (institutional culture or corporate culture). This refers to the shared values, goals, and practices within the organization. If you are applying for a job, you might be asked why you want to work for that specific kurum. It sounds more respectful and professional than just saying 'iş yeri' (workplace). It suggests that you value the organization's broader mission and structure.

Bu kurum bağışlarla ayakta kalıyor.

Translation: This institution survives on donations.

Finally, in literature and social commentary, kurum is used to discuss abstract concepts. Authors might write about the 'institution of family' (aile kurumu) or the 'institution of marriage' (evlilik kurumu). This usage mirrors the English word 'institution' perfectly, referring to established social patterns that are vital to the fabric of society. Hearing this word in such contexts signals a shift from purely practical talk to a more philosophical or sociological discussion.

While kurum is a straightforward word, English speakers often stumble when choosing between it and similar Turkish words like kuruluş, şirket, or dernek. Understanding these boundaries is key to sounding natural. A common mistake is using kurum for a small, for-profit business. While technically an establishment, a small cafe or a boutique is never called a kurum; they are işletme or dükkan.

Kurum vs. Kuruluş
This is the trickiest one. 'Kuruluş' refers more to the act of founding or a newly established entity. 'Kurum' implies a long-standing, stable entity. Think of 'kuruluş' as 'establishment' (the act or the new thing) and 'kurum' as 'institution' (the established thing).
Confusion with Soot
Beginners might be confused when they see 'kurum' in a context about cleaning or heating. Remember: if the sentence is about a chimney (baca) or smoke (duman), it means soot, not an organization!

Yanlış: Benim küçük bir ayakkabı kurumum var. (Wrong: I have a small shoe institution.)

Correct: Benim küçük bir ayakkabı dükkanım var.

Another mistake involves the suffix usage. Because kurum ends in a consonant, it follows standard Turkish vowel harmony and consonant rules. However, learners sometimes forget that in formal titles, the word often stays in the compound form. For example, 'Türk Dil Kurumu' (Turkish Language Association) is the full name. If you want to say 'to the Turkish Language Association,' you must say 'Türk Dil Kurumu'na,' adding the 'n' buffer letter before the case ending. Forgetting this buffer letter is a very common error among intermediate learners.

Finally, avoid using kurum when you mean 'foundation' in the sense of a charity. While a foundation is a kurum, the specific word for a charitable foundation is vakıf. Using the generic term kurum is not 'wrong,' but it is less precise than using the legal category of the organization. Precision is highly valued in formal Turkish communication.

To truly master the vocabulary surrounding organizations, you need to know the alternatives to kurum and when to use them. Turkish has a rich set of words for different types of entities, reflecting its complex administrative and social history. Choosing the right one shows a high level of linguistic competence.

Kuruluş (Establishment/Organization)
Often used interchangeably with 'kurum' but emphasizes the act of being set up. It is commonly used for commercial organizations or NGOs. Example: 'Uluslararası bir kuruluş' (An international organization).
Müessese (Enterprise/Old-fashioned Institution)
This is an older, Ottoman-rooted word. While 'kurum' is modern and secular, 'müessese' sounds more traditional or grand. It is often used for long-standing family businesses or old social structures.
Vakıf (Foundation)
Specifically refers to a non-profit foundation, usually established for charitable or educational purposes. All 'vakıf' are 'kurum', but not all 'kurum' are 'vakıf'.

Bu kurum yerine o derneğe üye oldum.

Translation: Instead of this institution, I became a member of that association.

Another word to consider is teşkilat (organization/agency). This word often has a more operational or political connotation. For example, the national intelligence agency is called 'Milli İstihbarat Teşkilatı'. While it is an institution (kurum), the word teşkilat highlights its organized, structural, and often secretive or highly active nature. In contrast, kurum sounds more stable and bureaucratic.

In formal contexts, you might also hear organ. Just as in English, this refers to a specific 'organ' or body of a larger system, like the judicial organs of the state (yargı organları). However, for daily life, kurum remains the most versatile and safe word to use when referring to any formal establishment. It bridges the gap between the overly specific legal terms and the overly general words for 'place' or 'business'.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The secondary meaning of 'soot' actually comes from a different root historically, but in modern Turkish, they have merged into the same spelling and pronunciation, making it a true homonym.

発音ガイド

UK /kuˈɾum/
US /kuˈrum/
The stress is on the second syllable: ku-RUM.
韻が合う語
durum yorum sorum korum morun torun burun gurur
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'u' as in 'but' (it should always be 'oo').
  • Over-rolling the 'r' like in Spanish (it's a single tap).
  • Stress on the first syllable (KU-rum) which changes the natural rhythm.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, usually appears in formal contexts.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of buffer letters (n) in compounds.

スピーキング 2/5

Simple pronunciation, though the 'r' needs attention.

リスニング 3/5

Must distinguish context to know if it means institution, soot, or arrogance.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

kurmak bina iş devlet okul

次に学ぶ

kuruluş kurumsal kurul müessese teşkilat

上級

bürokrasi meşruiyet tüzük yönetmelik liyakat

知っておくべき文法

Noun Compounds

Eğitim kurumu (Education institution) - The second noun takes '-u'.

Buffer 'n' for Compounds

Eğitim kurumu-n-a (To the education institution).

Consonant Harmony

Kurum-da (At the institution) - 'd' stays 'd' because 'm' is voiced.

Ablative Case

Kurum-dan (From the institution).

Genitive Case

Kurum-un (Of the institution).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

1

Bu büyük bir kurum.

This is a big institution.

Simple nominative case.

2

Kurum nerede?

Where is the institution?

Interrogative sentence.

3

O, bir kurum.

That is an institution.

Demonstrative pronoun.

4

Yeni bir kurum açıldı.

A new institution opened.

Passive verb usage.

5

Kurum çok eski.

The institution is very old.

Adjective-noun agreement.

6

Bu kurum güzel.

This institution is beautiful.

Basic descriptive sentence.

7

Kurum kapalı.

The institution is closed.

State of being.

8

Kurumda kim var?

Who is at the institution?

Locative case '-da'.

1

Devlet kurumuna gidiyorum.

I am going to the state institution.

Dative case with buffer 'n'.

2

Hangi kurumda çalışıyorsun?

In which institution do you work?

Locative case with interrogative.

3

Özel bir kurumdan yardım aldık.

We received help from a private institution.

Ablative case '-dan'.

4

Eğitim kurumları çok önemli.

Educational institutions are very important.

Plural suffix '-lar'.

5

Kurumun bahçesi çok geniş.

The institution's garden is very wide.

Genitive-possessive construction.

6

Resmi bir kurumda iş buldum.

I found a job in an official institution.

Indefinite article 'bir'.

7

Kurum her gün açık.

The institution is open every day.

Adverbial phrase of time.

8

Bu kurumun adı ne?

What is the name of this institution?

Genitive case.

1

Kurum kültürü çalışanlar için değerlidir.

Institutional culture is valuable for employees.

Noun compound 'kurum kültürü'.

2

Her kurumun kendine has kuralları vardır.

Every institution has its own rules.

Existential 'vardır'.

3

Bu kurum, çevre kirliliğiyle mücadele ediyor.

This institution is fighting against environmental pollution.

Present continuous tense.

4

Kurumlar arası iletişim güçlendirilmeli.

Inter-institutional communication should be strengthened.

Passive necessity '-mali'.

5

Kurumun vizyonu geleceğe odaklanıyor.

The institution's vision focuses on the future.

Abstract subject.

6

Yeni yasalar kurumları etkileyecek.

New laws will affect the institutions.

Future tense '-ecek'.

7

Kurumda disiplin ön plandadır.

Discipline is a priority in the institution.

Stative 'dır' for emphasis.

8

Bu kurumdan emekli oldu.

He retired from this institution.

Ablative case past tense.

1

Kurumsal bir yapıda çalışmak disiplin gerektirir.

Working in an institutional structure requires discipline.

Adjective 'kurumsal' derived from 'kurum'.

2

Aile, toplumun en temel kurumudur.

Family is the most fundamental institution of society.

Metaphorical use of 'kurum'.

3

Kurumun prestijini korumak hepimizin görevi.

Protecting the institution's prestige is everyone's duty.

Infinitive '-mak' as subject.

4

Dilekçenizi ilgili kuruma ilettik.

We forwarded your petition to the relevant institution.

Dative case with 'ilgili'.

5

Kurumun bütçesi bu yıl artırıldı.

The institution's budget was increased this year.

Passive voice 'artırıldı'.

6

Kurumlar, toplumsal değişime ayak uydurmalı.

Institutions must keep up with social change.

Necessity mood '-malı'.

7

Kurumun işleyişi hakkında bilgi aldık.

We received information about the operation of the institution.

Postposition 'hakkında'.

8

Bu kurum, şeffaflık ilkesini benimsemiştir.

This institution has adopted the principle of transparency.

Reportative past '-miştir' for formal facts.

1

Demokratik kurumların zayıflaması endişe verici.

The weakening of democratic institutions is worrying.

Genitive with participle 'zayıflaması'.

2

Kurumsallaşma süreci uzun zaman alabilir.

The process of institutionalization can take a long time.

Derived noun 'kurumsallaşma'.

3

Kurumun tarihsel gelişimi incelendiğinde ilginç veriler çıkıyor.

When the historical development of the institution is examined, interesting data emerges.

Adverbial clause '-diğinde'.

4

Yargı kurumu, bağımsızlığını korumalıdır.

The judicial institution must protect its independence.

Formal necessity.

5

Kurumun idari yapısı yeniden düzenlendi.

The administrative structure of the institution was reorganized.

Compound adjective 'idari yapı'.

6

Sosyal güvenlik kurumları reform bekliyor.

Social security institutions are awaiting reform.

Direct object usage.

7

Kurumun meşruiyeti tartışmaya açıldı.

The legitimacy of the institution was opened to debate.

Abstract noun 'meşruiyet'.

8

Kurumlar, bireylerin haklarını korumakla yükümlüdür.

Institutions are obliged to protect the rights of individuals.

Passive obligation structure.

1

Kurumsal hafıza, bir organizasyonun en büyük hazinesidir.

Institutional memory is an organization's greatest treasure.

Sophisticated noun phrase.

2

Devletin bekası, kurumların liyakat esasına göre çalışmasına bağlıdır.

The survival of the state depends on institutions working according to the merit principle.

Complex dependency structure.

3

Kurumun hiyerarşik yapısı, esnekliği kısıtlıyor olabilir.

The hierarchical structure of the institution might be restricting flexibility.

Modality 'olabilir'.

4

Sivil toplum kurumları, demokrasinin denetleyici mekanizmalarıdır.

Civil society institutions are the supervisory mechanisms of democracy.

Complex plural compound.

5

Kurumun iç tüzüğü, uluslararası standartlarla uyumlu hale getirildi.

The internal regulations of the institution were made compatible with international standards.

Causative-passive construction.

6

Akademik kurumlar, özgür düşüncenin kalesidir.

Academic institutions are the fortress of free thought.

Metaphorical formal language.

7

Kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik, stratejik planlamanın merkezindedir.

Institutional sustainability is at the center of strategic planning.

Technical business terminology.

8

Kurumun feshedilmesi, hukuki bir süreç gerektirir.

The dissolution of the institution requires a legal process.

Passive gerund 'feshedilmesi'.

よく使う組み合わせ

devlet kurumu
eğitim kurumu
resmi kurum
özel kurum
kurum kültürü
sosyal kurum
kurum içi
ilgili kurum
köklü kurum
kurumsal kimlik

よく使うフレーズ

kurumun adı

— The name of the institution.

Kurumun adını kapıda gördüm.

kurum müdürü

— The director of the institution.

Kurum müdürü ile görüştüm.

kurum personeli

— The staff of the institution.

Bütün kurum personeli toplantıda.

kurumun yapısı

— The structure of the institution.

Kurumun yapısı çok karmaşık.

kurumlar arası

— Inter-institutional.

Kurumlar arası iş birliği şart.

kamu kurumu

— Public institution.

Hastaneler birer kamu kurumudur.

özerk kurum

— Autonomous institution.

Merkez Bankası özerk bir kurumdur.

kurum bazlı

— Institution-based.

Kurum bazlı çözümler üretiyoruz.

kurum dışı

— Outside the institution.

Kurum dışı etkinliklere katıldık.

kurum politikası

— Institutional policy.

Bu, bizim kurum politikamız.

慣用句と表現

"kurum satmak"

— To act in a conceited or haughty way; to put on airs.

Yeni arabasıyla bize kurum satıyor.

Informal
"kurumundan geçilmemek"

— To be extremely arrogant or full of oneself.

Müdür olunca kurumundan geçilmez oldu.

Informal
"baca kurumu"

— Chimney soot; often used in contexts of cleaning.

Bacadan kurum dökülüyor.

Neutral
"kurum bağlamak"

— To be covered in soot; metaphorically, to become old or dusty.

Eski kitaplar kurum bağlamış.

Literary
"kurum kurum kurulmak"

— To sit or act with great pride and affectation.

Koltuğuna kurum kurum kuruldu.

Literary
"kurum yapmak"

— To act formally or with a sense of importance (often ironically).

Bize kurum yapma, yabancı değiliz.

Informal
"kurumuna yedirememek"

— To find something beneath one's dignity or pride (rare).

Bu işi yapmayı kurumuna yediremedi.

Informal
"kurum gibi"

— Like an institution; solid, reliable, or perhaps overly formal.

Adam tek başına bir kurum gibi.

Neutral
"kurum sökme"

— Removing soot (technical).

Bugün kurum sökme günü.

Technical
"kurum karası"

— Pitch black (like soot).

Gözleri kurum karasıydı.

Poetic

語族

名詞

kuruluş (establishment)
kurucu (founder)
kurul (board/committee)
kurumsallaşma (institutionalization)

動詞

kurmak (to establish/set up)
kurulmak (to be established)
kurumsallaşmak (to become institutionalized)

形容詞

kurumsal (institutional/corporate)
kurulu (established)
kuralsız (unregulated)

関連

baca (chimney)
is (smoke/soot)
kibir (arrogance)
örgüt (organization)
dernek (association)
無料登録してすべての例文を見る

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'ROOM' inside a 'COURT' (Kurum). A formal 'room' in a 'court' is an 'institution.'

視覚的連想

Imagine a large marble building with pillars and a big sign that says 'INSTITUTION.' This is a 'kurum.'

Word Web

Devlet Bina Kural Müdür Eğitim Resmi Hizmet Yapı

チャレンジ

Try to find three signs in a Turkish city that contain the word 'kurumu.' Take a picture and translate the full name of the organization.

語源

The word 'kurum' comes from the Old Turkic root 'kur-', which means 'to set up,' 'to build,' or 'to arrange.' This root is incredibly productive in Turkish, giving rise to words like 'kurmak' (to establish).

元の意味： Originally, it meant something that was 'set up' or 'arranged.' The meaning evolved to refer to the structured result of that setting up—an organization.

Turkic Language Family.

文化的な背景

Be careful when criticizing a 'kurum' in formal settings, as they are often closely tied to state authority and national identity.

Unlike the English word 'institution,' which can sometimes sound cold or clinical, the Turkish 'kurum' often carries a sense of national pride and historical weight.

Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK) Türk Tarih Kurumu (TTK) Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Government

  • Devlet kurumu
  • Resmi yazışma
  • Kamu hizmeti
  • Kurum amiri

Education

  • Eğitim kurumu
  • Akademik takvim
  • Kurum sınavı
  • Özel okul

Professional

  • Kurum kültürü
  • Kurumsal kimlik
  • Kurum içi eğitim
  • Kurumsal yapı

Legal

  • Hukuki kurum
  • Yargı organı
  • Kurumun feshi
  • Tüzük

Daily Life

  • Baca kurumu
  • Kurum satmak
  • Kuruma gitmek
  • Belge almak

会話のきっかけ

"Hangi kurumda çalışıyorsunuz?"

"Bu kurumun hizmetlerinden memnun musunuz?"

"Türkiye'deki en köklü kurum hangisidir?"

"Sizce eğitim kurumları nasıl geliştirilmeli?"

"Kurum kültürü bir iş yeri için ne kadar önemlidir?"

日記のテーマ

Hayalindeki kurumu tarif et. Amacı ne olurdu?

Bir devlet kurumunda yaşadığın ilginç bir anıyı yaz.

Kurum kültürünün çalışan mutluluğu üzerindeki etkilerini tartış.

Sence hangi sosyal kurumlar modern dünyada değişime uğradı?

Bir kurumun yöneticisi olsaydın, ilk hangi kuralı değiştirirdin?

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る

関連コンテンツ

役に立った？

コメント (0)

ログインしてコメント
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう！