Chapter in 30 Seconds
Paint your world with words by mastering Chinese adjectives without using the verb 'to be'.
- Identify why the verb 'shì' (是) is strictly for nouns, not adjectives.
- Use 'hěn' (很) as a structural bridge to create balanced descriptive sentences.
- Express strong feelings and moderate states using 'tài...le' and 'bù...bù'.
学べること
Hey there! We’ve learned some basic words, but how do we add color and detail to them? In this chapter, you'll unlock a new superpower: how to describe loads of things without using the verb 'to be' (是)! You'll discover that Chinese adjectives work differently than English ones and don't need 是. Then, you'll meet a magic word called 很 (hěn), which isn't just 'very'; it acts as a neutral 'is' and forms the foundation for your descriptions. For example, you can say 'the weather is cold' or 'the food is tasty'. After that, we'll dive into something even more exciting: how to express extremes! Like saying 'this movie is too good!' or 'the food is too spicy!' That's where 太...了 (tài...le) comes in and makes your sentences much more impactful. And if you ever want to say something is 'neither this nor that,' meaning it's moderate or in-between, you'll learn how to convey that feeling with 不...不... (bù...bù...), for instance, 'it’s not too far, not too close'. See? It all connects! You build the foundation first, then you add intensity or moderation. With this chapter, you’ll be able to confidently describe people, objects, feelings, and everything around you with rich detail, making your Chinese sound much more natural and fluent, right from the start. Don't worry, this part of Chinese is easier than you think, and it’s going to make your conversations so much more engaging! Ready?
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中国語の形容詞に「です」は不要 (是は使わない)中国語で何かを説明するときは、'是'（is）の代わりに «很» (とても) などの副詞を使って、主語と形容詞を繋ぐのがルールだよ！ «很» «不» «太»
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形容詞の「〜です」にあたる言葉 (很 hěn)主語と形容詞を仲良しにする「接着剤」として «很» を使いましょう。 «isの代わり» «つなぎ役» «比べない» のがポイントです！
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{很|hěn} を使った形容詞文中国語で「〜は…です」と状態を説明するときは、{是|shì} を使わずに «很» + 形容詞 の形を使いましょう。
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〜すぎる！ (太...了)形容詞を «太» と «了» でサンドイッチして、「〜すぎる！」という不満や「最高！」という感動を伝えましょう。
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〜でもなく〜でもない ({不...不...})反対の意味の言葉を挟んで「ちょうどいい」「真ん中」を表現しましょう。 «ちょうどいい» «真ん中» «バランス» がキーワードです。
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: correctly identify when to omit 'shì' in a descriptive sentence.
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2
By the end you will be able to: construct sentences using 'hěn' to describe your current state or feelings.
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3
By the end you will be able to: complain or compliment using the 'tài...le' structure for emphasis.
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4
By the end you will be able to: describe items as being 'just right' using the 'bù...bù...' pattern.
チャプターガイド
Overview
Describing Your World, your essential guide to adding vibrant detail to your Chinese conversations! As an A1 Chinese learner, you've mastered some basic vocabulary, but now it's time to truly make your sentences sing. This chapter is a cornerstone of Chinese grammar, unlocking the power to describe people, places, and things with natural fluency.to be (是). This is a fundamental concept that will immediately make your Chinese sound more authentic.is in descriptive sentences, rather than always meaning very. This simple yet powerful structure forms the backbone of countless descriptions, from the weather is coldto
the food is tasty.Mastering this will significantly expand your ability to communicate in everyday situations. This is crucial for anyone learning how to describe in Chinese.
too good or too spicy? That's where 太...了 (tài...le) comes in, adding impactful emphasis.neither this nor that,you'll learn to use 不...不... (bù...bù...) to convey a balanced, moderate feeling, like "it's not too far, not too close." This A1 Chinese grammar chapter will empower you to describe your world with confidence and nuance, making your interactions far more engaging and natural.
How This Grammar Works
is big or is happy, in Chinese, adjectives can stand alone after the subject to describe something.very, in most descriptive sentences, it acts as a neutral connector, simply fulfilling the role that is would in English. It makes the sentence sound complete and natural, even if you don't intend to emphasize very.very tall, just tall.)very tasty, just tasty.)too [adjective] or really [adjective]! The 了 (le) at the end is crucial here, indicating a change of state or an exclamation.not [adjective 1], not [adjective 2].
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: 他是一个高。 (Tā shì yīgè gāo.)
is in English. Instead, use 很 (hěn) as a neutral connector before the adjective, or sometimes just the adjective itself in certain contexts.- 1✗ Wrong: 这个太贵。 (Zhège tài guì.)
too much or really, you almost always need to include 了 (le) at the end of the sentence. This 了 indicates an exclamation or a change of state, completing the expression of intensity.- 1✗ Wrong: 我非常累。 (Wǒ fēicháng lèi.) (when you just mean
I am tired)
very, using 很 (hěn) is the standard, neutral way to simply state I am tired. Using 非常 makes it sound like I am *extremely* tired,which might be more intense than you intend. Remember 很 often just acts as an
is.
Real Conversations
A
B
(A: How do you feel about this movie? B: This movie is good to watch! / This movie is great!)
A
B
(A: Was today's lunch tasty? B: Hmm, it's too spicy!)
A
B
(A: Do you think Shanghai's summer is hot? B: I think it's neither hot nor cold, very comfortable.)
Quick FAQ
Why don't Chinese grammar adjectives use 是 (shì) like is in English?
In A1 Chinese, adjectives are often seen as verbs in themselves or directly modify nouns. They don't require the linking verb 是 to connect them to the subject. Instead, 很 (hěn) often serves this linking function for simple descriptions.
Does 很 (hěn) always mean very?
No, not always. While 很 can mean very, in most descriptive sentences, it acts as a neutral intensifier or a simple connector that makes the sentence sound complete, similar to how is functions in English. It's often not meant to convey extreme intensity.
Can I use 太...了 (tài...le) for positive things, like too good?
Absolutely! While too in English often has a negative connotation, 太...了 can be used for both positive and negative extremes. For example, 太好了！ (Tài hǎo le!) means "That's great! or Too good!"
What's the difference between using 不...不... (bù...bù...) and just using 不 twice with an adjective?
不...不... is a specific structure used to express moderation or a middle ground –
neither A nor B.Using 不 twice with the same adjective (e.g., 不冷不冷) would sound repetitive and unnatural, whereas 不冷不热 clearly means
neither cold nor hot.
Cultural Context
is allows for polite and natural descriptions without over-emphasizing. For example, simply saying 她高 (Tā gāo - She tall) might sound a bit blunt without 很.ヒントとコツ (4)
「很」はただの接着剤！
「是（shì）」のワナに注意！
Wǒ shì mángと言わないで。形容詞の時は «我很忙» が正解です。
「是」のトラップに注意！
値切りの必須ツール
重要な語彙 (8)
Real-World Preview
At a Clothing Store
Checking the Weather
Review Summary
- Subject + [NO 是] + Adjective
- Subject + 很 (hěn) + Adjective
- 太 (tài) + Adjective + 了 (le)
- 不 (bù) + Adj A + 不 (bù) + Adj B
よくある間違い
English speakers often try to translate 'I am tired' literally. In Chinese, 'shì' is only for linking two nouns. For adjectives, use 'hěn'.
The 'tài...le' structure is a package deal. If you forget the 'le' at the end, the sentence sounds unfinished and lacks the intended emphasis.
While grammatically correct, using 'bù lěng bù rè' for a person's personality means they are 'lukewarm' or 'indifferent'. Make sure your subject matches the description!
このチャプターのルール (5)
Next Steps
You've just unlocked the ability to add flavor to your Chinese! Describing the world is the first step toward having real, soulful conversations. Keep practicing these small 'bridge' words, and soon they will feel like second nature.
Look at 5 items in your room and describe them using 'hěn' or 'tài...le'.
Write three 'bù...bù...' sentences about the weather this week.
クイック練習 (6)
今天天气 ___ 冷 ___ 热。(今日の天気は寒くも暑くもない。)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜でもなく〜でもない ({不...不...})
コーヒーは熱いです：{咖啡|Kāfēi} ___ {热|rè}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: {很|hěn} を使った形容詞文
間違っているのはどれ？
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: {很|hěn} を使った形容詞文
順番を入れ替えて：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: {很|hěn} を使った形容詞文
単語を並べ替えてください：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜でもなく〜でもない ({不...不...})
{我家不远没近。|Wǒ jiā bù yuǎn méi jìn.}
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜でもなく〜でもない ({不...不...})
Score: /6
