单亲 30秒で
- 单亲 (dān qīn) means single parent.
- Most often used as 单亲家庭 (single-parent family).
- It's an adjective describing family structure.
- Common in everyday talk and media.
The Chinese word 单亲 (dān qīn) is an adjective that directly translates to 'single parent' in English. It is commonly used to describe a family structure where a child is raised by only one parent, either the mother or the father. This term is neutral and factual, often appearing in discussions about family dynamics, social issues, education, and personal experiences. It's a straightforward descriptor, unlike more emotionally charged terms.
- Core Meaning
- A family with one parent.
- Usage Context
- Describing family types, social studies, personal backgrounds.
- Formality
- Neutral, can be used in both formal and informal settings.
She grew up in a single-parent family.
The term is typically used in compound words or phrases, most commonly as 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng), which means 'single-parent family'. You might encounter it when people are discussing their upbringing, when social workers or educators are describing different family structures, or in news articles and research related to sociology and child development. For instance, a teacher might mention that some students come from 单亲家庭 to foster understanding and empathy among classmates. Similarly, a researcher might analyze the impact of growing up in a 单亲家庭 on academic performance. It's important to note that 单亲 itself is an adjective modifying 'family' or other related nouns, and it doesn't stand alone as a noun for 'single parent' in most contexts.
Consider a scenario where a school is organizing a parent-teacher meeting. The organizers might want to ensure their communication is inclusive and acknowledge that some students will be accompanied by only one parent. In such a case, they might use phrases that implicitly or explicitly refer to 单亲家庭 to make sure all parents feel welcomed and understood. The term helps in categorizing and discussing different societal structures without judgment. It's a factual descriptor that allows for nuanced conversations about the diverse forms families can take in modern society. The focus is on the structure rather than any implied deficiency or strength, making it a useful term in objective discussions.
单亲 (dān qīn) is primarily used as an adjective, most commonly preceding the word for 'family', 家庭 (jiātíng), to form 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng), meaning 'single-parent family'. This phrase is the most prevalent way you will encounter and use 单亲. It's a descriptive term used to categorize family structures based on the number of custodial parents.
- Basic Structure
- 单亲 + Noun (typically 家庭)
- Example Phrase
- 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng) - single-parent family
- Sentence Pattern
- Subject + is/comes from + 单亲家庭.
My friend grew up in a single-parent family.
Here are some examples demonstrating its usage:
- 单亲家庭的孩子可能需要更多的支持。(Dān qīn jiātíng de háizi kěnéng xūyào gèng duō de zhīchí.) - Children from single-parent families may need more support.
- 她是一名单亲妈妈。(Tā shì yī míng dān qīn māma.) - She is a single mother. (Here, 单亲 directly modifies 'mother', functioning as an adjective.)
- 我们学校有很多单亲家庭的学生。(Wǒmen xuéxiào yǒu hěn duō dān qīn jiātíng de xuéshēng.) - Our school has many students from single-parent families.
- 单亲抚养孩子很不容易。(Dān qīn fǔyǎng háizi hěn bù róngyì.) - Raising children as a single parent is not easy. (Here, 单亲 is used more like a noun phrase, implying 'a single parent', but it's a less common standalone usage compared to modifying 'family' or 'mother/father'.)
- 政府正在为单亲家庭提供更多帮助。(Zhèngfǔ zhèngzài wèi dān qīn jiātíng tígōng gèng duō bāngzhù.) - The government is providing more assistance to single-parent families.
When describing a person, you might say someone is a 单亲父母 (dān qīn fùmǔ), meaning 'single parent' (literally 'single parent parent'), although 单亲妈妈 (single mother) or 单亲爸爸 (single father) are more common. The adjective nature of 单亲 means it usually precedes the noun it describes. For example, if you're talking about the challenges faced by single parents, you might say: 单亲的压力很大。(Dān qīn de yālì hěn dà.) - The pressure of being a single parent is very great. This usage is understood but less formal than using the full phrase 单亲家庭 or specifying mother/father.
You'll most frequently hear and see 单亲 (dān qīn) in the context of 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng), meaning 'single-parent family'. This term is common in everyday conversations, especially when discussing family backgrounds, social structures, or personal experiences. It's not an obscure academic term; it's part of everyday Chinese vocabulary used to describe a common family situation.
- Everyday Conversation
- When people share personal stories or talk about their upbringing, they might mention growing up in a 单亲家庭.
- Education and Social Work
- Teachers, counselors, and social workers often use this term when discussing students' backgrounds or providing support.
- Media and News
- Articles, documentaries, and news reports on social issues, family policies, or demographic trends will frequently use 单亲家庭.
- Psychology and Sociology
- Academic discussions about family structures, child development, and societal impacts often employ this term.
The movie tells the story of a single-parent family.
For example, imagine you are watching a Chinese TV show or a documentary discussing social changes. A segment might feature interviews with people from various family backgrounds. One interviewee might say: '我从小在一个单亲家庭长大，我妈妈一个人抚养我非常辛苦。' (Wǒ cóngxiǎo zài yīgè dān qīn jiātíng zhǎngdà, wǒ māma yīgè rén fǔyǎng wǒ fēicháng xīnkǔ.) - 'I grew up in a single-parent family, and it was very hard for my mother to raise me alone.' This is a very natural and common way the term is used.
In a school setting, a teacher might be discussing different family types to promote understanding. They might say: '在我们的班级里，有双亲家庭，也有单亲家庭，还有祖父母带大的孩子。我们都要互相尊重。' (Zài wǒmen de bānjí lǐ, yǒu shuāngqīn jiātíng, yěyǒu dān qīn jiātíng, hái yǒu zǔfùmǔ dài dà de háizi. Wǒmen dōu yào hùxiāng zūnzhòng.) - 'In our class, there are two-parent families, single-parent families, and children raised by grandparents. We must respect each other.'
You might also hear it in news reports discussing government policies aimed at supporting specific family structures, such as: '政府出台了新的政策，以帮助单亲家庭解决住房问题。' (Zhèngfǔ chūtáile xīn de zhèngcè, yǐ bāngzhù dān qīn jiātíng jiějué zhùfáng wèntí.) - 'The government has introduced new policies to help single-parent families solve housing issues.' The term is straightforward and widely understood across different age groups and social strata.
When learning 单亲 (dān qīn), learners might make a few common mistakes, primarily related to its grammatical function and standalone usage.
- Mistake 1: Using 单亲 as a standalone noun for 'single parent'.
- While understandable in some contexts, 单亲 is primarily an adjective. It's more natural to use it with a noun like 家庭 (family), 妈妈 (mother), or 爸爸 (father). Saying '他是单亲' (Tā shì dān qīn) meaning 'He is a single parent' is grammatically awkward. It's better to say '他是单亲家庭的父亲' (Tā shì dān qīn jiātíng de fùqīn - He is the father in a single-parent family) or more commonly, '他是单亲爸爸' (Tā shì dān qīn bāba - He is a single father).
- Mistake 2: Overusing 单亲 to describe individuals without context.
- As an adjective, 单亲 needs to modify something. Simply stating '他是单亲' is incomplete. The most common and accepted phrase is 单亲家庭 (single-parent family). If referring to the parent themselves, it's better to use 单亲妈妈 (single mother) or 单亲爸爸 (single father).
- Mistake 3: Confusing it with other family-related terms.
- Ensure you understand that 单亲 specifically refers to a family with *one* parent. It's distinct from terms like 重组家庭 (reorganized family / blended family) or 丁克家庭 (DINK family - Double Income, No Kids).
Incorrect: He is single parent.
Correct: He is from a single-parent family.
Let's look at some incorrect vs. correct usage:
- Incorrect: 我是单亲。(Wǒ shì dān qīn.) - I am single parent.
- Correct: 我来自单亲家庭。(Wǒ láizì dān qīn jiātíng.) - I come from a single-parent family.
- Correct: 我是单亲妈妈。(Wǒ shì dān qīn māma.) - I am a single mother.
- Incorrect: 这个孩子很单亲。(Zhège háizi hěn dān qīn.) - This child is very single parent. (This makes no sense.)
- Correct: 这个孩子来自单亲家庭。(Zhège háizi láizì dān qīn jiātíng.) - This child comes from a single-parent family.
Another common pitfall is assuming 单亲 can be used interchangeably with terms referring to being unmarried or divorced. 单亲 specifically describes the *family structure* where only one parent is present for the child's upbringing, regardless of the parents' marital status or whether they were ever married. The focus is on the child's living situation.
While 单亲 (dān qīn) is the standard term for 'single parent' or 'single-parent family', there are related terms and ways to express similar ideas, often with nuances in meaning or formality.
- 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng)
- Meaning: Single-parent family. This is the most common and direct phrase. 单亲 acts as an adjective modifying 家庭.
- 单亲妈妈 (dān qīn māma)
- Meaning: Single mother. Here, 单亲 directly modifies 妈妈.
- 单亲爸爸 (dān qīn bāba)
- Meaning: Single father. Similar to above, 单亲 modifies 爸爸.
- 抚养 (fǔyǎng)
- Meaning: To raise, to bring up (a child). This verb is often used in conjunction with discussions about single parents, e.g., '单亲妈妈抚养孩子' (Single mother raises a child).
- 独立抚养 (dúlì fǔyǎng)
- Meaning: To raise independently. This phrase emphasizes the sole responsibility of one parent.
- 一人抚养 (yī rén fǔyǎng)
- Meaning: To raise by oneself. Similar to 独立抚养, highlighting the individual effort.
- 重组家庭 (chóngzǔ jiātíng)
- Meaning: Blended family or reconstituted family. This is different from a single-parent family as it implies remarriage and the joining of families, often with step-parents and step-siblings.
- 单身父母 (dānshēn fùmǔ)
- Meaning: Unmarried parents. This term focuses on the marital status of the parents, not necessarily the family structure. A couple could be 单身父母 but live together, which wouldn't be a 单亲家庭.
She is a single mother who is raising her child independently.
Here's a comparison:
- 单亲家庭 describes the structure: one parent raising the child(ren).
- 单亲妈妈 / 单亲爸爸 identifies the specific parent.
- 独立抚养 / 一人抚养 describes the *act* of raising a child alone, often emphasizing the effort and challenges involved.
- 重组家庭 is about a family formed after remarriage, potentially including children from previous relationships.
- 单身父母 refers to parents who are not married, which may or may not result in a single-parent family structure.
For example, if someone says '我的朋友是一人抚养孩子', they are highlighting the fact that their friend is doing all the child-rearing by themselves. This is often a consequence of being in a 单亲家庭, but the focus is on the action of raising the child alone. If a news report discusses the challenges faced by mothers who are the sole breadwinners and caregivers, it would likely use phrases like '单亲妈妈独立抚养孩子' (dān qīn māma dúlì fǔyǎng háizi).
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The concept of a single-parent family has existed throughout history due to various reasons like war, death, or abandonment. However, the specific term '单亲' gained prominence and widespread usage in the late 20th and early 21st centuries with increasing societal changes and shifts in family structures.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing tones: Incorrect tones can change the meaning of the word or make it unintelligible.
- Pronouncing 'q' incorrectly: The 'q' sound in Mandarin is similar to the 'ch' sound in 'cheese' but is produced further forward in the mouth, with the tongue tip touching the back of the lower teeth and the middle of the tongue raised towards the hard palate.
- Confusing 'an' and 'in' sounds: Ensure the vowel sounds are distinct.
難易度
The term '单亲' itself is straightforward. However, understanding its nuances in different contexts, especially in formal or academic texts discussing social issues, might require a slightly higher level. The most common usage '单亲家庭' is easily recognizable.
Using '单亲' correctly requires understanding its adjectival nature and its common collocations like '单亲家庭'. Learners should focus on mastering these standard phrases before attempting more complex constructions.
Pronunciation and tones are important, but the meaning is clear. Using it in conversation is relatively easy once the common phrases are learned.
The term is frequently used, especially in media and everyday conversations, making it easy to pick up once familiar with the pronunciation and context.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Using adjectives before nouns: In Chinese, adjectives generally precede the noun they modify. For example, '单亲' (adjective) modifies '家庭' (noun) to form '单亲家庭'.
单亲家庭 (single-parent family).
The possessive particle '的' (de): It's used to connect a modifier (like a noun phrase or adjective) to a noun. For example, '单亲家庭的' (of a single-parent family) can modify another noun.
单亲家庭的孩子 (children of a single-parent family).
Using '是' (shì) for identification: The verb '是' is used to equate a subject with a predicate, often used to identify someone or something.
她是一位单亲妈妈。(She is a single mother.)
Using '来自' (láizì) to indicate origin: '来自' means 'to come from', often used to talk about one's background or origin.
他来自一个单亲家庭。(He comes from a single-parent family.)
Elliptical usage: In informal contexts, sometimes the noun being modified by '单亲' can be omitted if it's clear from context.
单亲很辛苦。(Being a single parent is hard.) - Here, 'parent' or 'life' is implied.
レベル別の例文
我来自单亲家庭。
I come from a single-parent family.
单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng) means single-parent family.
他是单亲妈妈。
She is a single mother.
单亲妈妈 (dān qīn māma) means single mother.
我爸爸是单亲。
My dad is a single parent.
单亲爸爸 (dān qīn bāba) means single father. (Note: Sometimes used informally for 'single parent' when context is clear).
这是单亲家庭。
This is a single-parent family.
单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng) is the most common phrase.
单亲家庭的孩子。
Children from single-parent families.
The possessive structure (家庭的孩子) is common.
她是一个单亲。
She is a single parent.
Less common standalone; usually 单亲妈妈.
单亲的爱。
The love of a single parent.
Can be used poetically or descriptively.
很多单亲家庭。
Many single-parent families.
Plurality is implied by context or modifiers like 'many'.
她是一位坚强的单亲妈妈。
She is a strong single mother.
Adjectives like 'strong' (坚强的) can precede 单亲妈妈.
我的朋友来自一个单亲家庭。
My friend comes from a single-parent family.
Using '一个' (a) before 单亲家庭 is natural.
单亲家庭的孩子可能需要更多的关注。
Children from single-parent families may need more attention.
Modal verb '可能' (may) and noun phrase '更多的关注' (more attention) are common.
他独自抚养孩子，是个单亲爸爸。
He raises his child alone, he is a single father.
'独自抚养' (raises alone) is often paired with 单亲爸爸.
社会应该支持单亲家庭。
Society should support single-parent families.
Using '应该' (should) and '支持' (support) is common in social discussions.
单亲的生活不容易。
Life as a single parent is not easy.
The noun phrase '单亲的生活' (life of a single parent) is understood.
他们决定组成一个单亲家庭。
They decided to form a single-parent family.
While less common than describing existing families, it's grammatically possible.
这个故事关于一个单亲家庭。
This story is about a single-parent family.
'关于' (about) is a common preposition.
尽管单亲家庭面临挑战，但孩子们的成长依然充满希望。
Although single-parent families face challenges, the children's growth is still full of hope.
Using conjunctions like '尽管' (although) and '但' (but) to show contrast.
她作为一名单亲妈妈，努力为孩子提供最好的生活。
As a single mother, she strives to provide the best life for her child.
'作为一名' (as a) and '努力为...提供' (strive to provide for...) are common structures.
许多研究表明，单亲家庭的孩子在某些方面可能表现出更高的独立性。
Many studies show that children from single-parent families may exhibit higher independence in certain aspects.
Formal language like '研究表明' (studies show) and '表现出' (exhibit) is used.
他是一位负责任的单亲爸爸，总是把孩子放在第一位。
He is a responsible single father who always puts his child first.
Adjectives like '负责任的' (responsible) and phrases like '把...放在第一位' (put...first).
在讨论家庭结构时，我们不能忽视单亲家庭的存在和需求。
When discussing family structures, we cannot ignore the existence and needs of single-parent families.
Formal phrasing like '在讨论...时' (when discussing...) and '不能忽视' (cannot ignore).
单亲家庭的经济压力通常比双亲家庭更大。
The financial pressure on single-parent families is usually greater than on two-parent families.
Comparisons using '比' (than) and terms like '经济压力' (financial pressure).
她通过自己的努力，成功地建立了一个温馨的单亲家庭。
Through her own efforts, she successfully built a warm single-parent family.
Phrases like '通过自己的努力' (through one's own efforts) and '成功地建立' (successfully built).
为了孩子，她选择成为一名单亲。
For the sake of her child, she chose to become a single parent.
Using '为了' (for the sake of) and '选择成为' (chose to become).
社会对单亲家庭的理解和支持程度，直接影响着这些家庭成员的福祉。
The degree of societal understanding and support for single-parent families directly affects the well-being of these family members.
Complex sentence structure with subordinate clauses and abstract nouns like '程度' (degree) and '福祉' (well-being).
许多单亲妈妈在职业发展和家庭责任之间寻求平衡，这需要极大的毅力和智慧。
Many single mothers seek balance between career development and family responsibilities, which requires great perseverance and wisdom.
Phrases like '在...之间寻求平衡' (seek balance between...) and abstract nouns like '毅力' (perseverance) and '智慧' (wisdom).
单亲家庭的子女教育问题是一个值得深入探讨的社会议题。
The issue of children's education in single-parent families is a social topic worthy of in-depth discussion.
Formal vocabulary like '子女教育问题' (children's education issue) and '值得深入探讨的社会议题' (social topic worthy of in-depth discussion).
尽管面临诸多困难，这位单亲爸爸依然乐观向上，为孩子树立了榜样。
Despite facing many difficulties, this single father remains optimistic and positive, setting an example for his child.
Using '尽管' (despite), '诸多困难' (many difficulties), and '树立了榜样' (set an example).
政策制定者应考虑到单亲家庭在社会保障体系中的特殊需求。
Policymakers should consider the special needs of single-parent families within the social security system.
Formal language like '政策制定者' (policymakers) and '社会保障体系' (social security system).
单亲家庭的形成原因多种多样，包括离婚、丧偶或未婚生育等。
The reasons for the formation of single-parent families are diverse, including divorce, widowhood, or unmarried childbirth, etc.
Listing diverse causes using terms like '包括' (including) and specific reasons.
我们应该避免对单亲家庭的刻板印象，并给予他们应有的尊重。
We should avoid stereotypes about single-parent families and give them the respect they deserve.
Using '避免' (avoid), '刻板印象' (stereotypes), and '应有的尊重' (deserved respect).
单亲家庭的儿童在心理发展上可能需要额外的支持和引导。
Children in single-parent families may require additional support and guidance in their psychological development.
Specialized vocabulary like '心理发展' (psychological development) and '额外的支持和引导' (additional support and guidance).
在分析社会变迁的宏观视角下，单亲家庭的普遍化被视为一种重要的家庭结构演变。
Within the macro perspective of analyzing social change, the prevalence of single-parent families is regarded as a significant evolution of family structures.
Academic and abstract language: '宏观视角' (macro perspective), '普遍化' (prevalence), '视为' (regarded as), '结构演变' (structural evolution).
单亲母亲在承担经济重担的同时，往往还要应对社会文化对女性角色的传统期望。
Single mothers, while bearing the economic burden, often also have to contend with traditional societal and cultural expectations of female roles.
Complex phrasing: '承担经济重担' (bear economic burden), '应对' (contend with), '传统期望' (traditional expectations).
研究儿童发展心理学的学者指出，单亲家庭的孩子在建立亲密关系时可能面临独特的挑战。
Scholars studying child development psychology point out that children from single-parent families may face unique challenges in forming intimate relationships.
Specialized academic terms: '儿童发展心理学' (child development psychology), '建立亲密关系' (forming intimate relationships), '独特的挑战' (unique challenges).
政府的社会政策需要更加精细化，以充分回应单亲家庭在教育、医疗和住房等方面的多元化需求。
Government social policies need to be more refined to fully address the diverse needs of single-parent families in areas such as education, healthcare, and housing.
Formal and policy-oriented language: '精细化' (refined), '充分回应' (fully address), '多元化需求' (diverse needs).
单亲家庭的稳定与否，不仅关乎家庭内部的和谐，也对整个社区的社会资本产生深远影响。
The stability of single-parent families not only concerns harmony within the family but also has a profound impact on the social capital of the entire community.
Abstract concepts: '稳定与否' (whether stable or not), '关乎' (concerns), '社会资本' (social capital), '深远影响' (profound impact).
在某些文化背景下，单亲家庭可能会面临社会污名化，这增加了家庭成员的心理负担。
In certain cultural contexts, single-parent families may face social stigmatization, which increases the psychological burden on family members.
Sociological terms: '文化背景' (cultural context), '社会污名化' (social stigmatization), '心理负担' (psychological burden).
通过对单亲家庭的深入田野调查，我们可以更准确地把握其动态发展规律。
Through in-depth field research on single-parent families, we can more accurately grasp their dynamic development patterns.
Research methodology terms: '深入田野调查' (in-depth field research), '准确地把握' (accurately grasp), '动态发展规律' (dynamic development patterns).
对于许多单亲父母而言，平衡工作与家庭既是一项挑战，也是一种自我实现的过程。
For many single parents, balancing work and family is both a challenge and a process of self-realization.
Philosophical and psychological concepts: '自我实现' (self-realization), '过程' (process).
单亲家庭的结构性脆弱性，在遭遇经济危机或社会动荡时尤为凸显，亟需系统性的政策干预。
The structural vulnerability of single-parent families becomes particularly pronounced during economic crises or social unrest, urgently requiring systematic policy interventions.
Highly specialized and formal vocabulary: '结构性脆弱性' (structural vulnerability), '尤为凸显' (particularly pronounced), '亟需' (urgently require), '系统性的政策干预' (systematic policy interventions).
后现代社会语境下，对单亲家庭的重新审视，挑战了既往以核心家庭为范式的传统家庭观。
In the context of postmodern society, a re-examination of single-parent families challenges the traditional view of the family with the nuclear family as the paradigm.
Advanced theoretical concepts: '后现代社会语境' (postmodern societal context), '重新审视' (re-examination), '既往...为范式' (past...as paradigm), '核心家庭' (nuclear family).
单亲父母在维系家庭社会资本的过程中，常需调动其社会网络资源以应对外部压力。
Single parents, in the process of maintaining the family's social capital, often need to mobilize their social network resources to cope with external pressures.
Sociological and network theory terms: '维系' (maintain), '社会资本' (social capital), '调动' (mobilize), '社会网络资源' (social network resources).
对单亲家庭子女的长期追踪研究表明，其心理韧性与社会适应能力的发展路径可能异于双亲家庭。
Long-term follow-up studies of children from single-parent families indicate that their psychological resilience and social adaptability may develop along different pathways compared to those in two-parent families.
Research terminology: '长期追踪研究' (long-term follow-up studies), '心理韧性' (psychological resilience), '社会适应能力' (social adaptability), '发展路径' (development pathways), '异于' (different from).
文化变迁的浪潮中，单亲家庭的合法性与社会接纳度正经历着前所未有的重塑。
Amidst the waves of cultural change, the legitimacy and social acceptance of single-parent families are undergoing an unprecedented reshaping.
Figurative language and abstract concepts: '文化变迁的浪潮' (waves of cultural change), '合法性' (legitimacy), '社会接纳度' (social acceptance), '前所未有的重塑' (unprecedented reshaping).
家庭功能分化的视角下，单亲家庭的经济支持功能和情感抚慰功能可能呈现出独特的配置模式。
From the perspective of functional differentiation within families, the economic support function and emotional comfort function of single-parent families may exhibit unique configuration patterns.
Sociological theory terms: '功能分化' (functional differentiation), '情感抚慰' (emotional comfort), '配置模式' (configuration patterns).
单亲家庭的儿童在社会化过程中，可能通过与非亲属的互动获得补偿性的社会支持。
Children in single-parent families, during the socialization process, may obtain compensatory social support through interactions with non-relatives.
Socialization and support concepts: '社会化过程' (socialization process), '非亲属' (non-relatives), '补偿性的社会支持' (compensatory social support).
理解单亲家庭的复杂性，要求我们超越二元对立的思维模式，拥抱家庭多样性的现实。
Understanding the complexity of single-parent families requires us to transcend binary oppositional thinking and embrace the reality of family diversity.
Critical thinking and philosophical terms: '复杂性' (complexity), '超越二元对立的思维模式' (transcend binary oppositional thinking), '拥抱' (embrace).
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Single-parent family. This is the most common and standard way to refer to this family structure.
她从小在一个单亲家庭长大，养成了独立的性格。
— Single mother. Refers to a mother who is raising her child(ren) alone.
这位单亲妈妈非常坚强，独自承担了所有家庭责任。
— Single father. Refers to a father who is raising his child(ren) alone.
他是一位尽职的单亲爸爸，每天都亲自接送孩子上下学。
— Children from single-parent families. This phrase focuses on the children within this family structure.
单亲的孩子可能需要更多的理解和支持。
— Life as a single parent. This refers to the experiences and challenges of being a single parent.
单亲生活充满了挑战，但也带来了成长的机会。
— The pressure of being a single parent. This highlights the difficulties and burdens faced by single parents.
单亲的压力很大，尤其是在经济方面。
— To raise by oneself. This phrase emphasizes the act of a single person raising children, often used in contexts discussing single parents.
她一人抚养了三个孩子，非常不容易。
— To raise independently. Similar to '一人抚养', but can sound slightly more formal.
许多单亲妈妈选择独立抚养孩子。
— To come from a single-parent family. Used to describe one's background.
他来自单亲家庭，所以很早就学会了独立。
— To support single-parent families. This is a common call to action or statement of societal responsibility.
社会应该更多地支持单亲家庭。
よく混同される語
单身 means 'single' (unmarried). It describes a person's marital status. '单亲' describes a family structure where one parent raises children, regardless of the parent's marital status. A married person could be a single parent if their spouse is absent or deceased, and an unmarried person might not be a single parent if they don't have children or share custody.
独身 also means 'single' or 'unmarried', similar to 单身 but sometimes implies a more resolute or long-term state of being unmarried. It doesn't relate to parenting or family structure like '单亲'.
重组家庭 means 'blended family' or 'reconstituted family'. This is different from a single-parent family. It typically involves remarriage and the merging of families, often with step-parents and step-children. A single-parent family might become a blended family if the single parent remarries.
間違えやすい
Both '单' (dān) and '亲' (qīn) can relate to the idea of being alone or a parent. '单身' focuses on marital status, while '单亲' focuses on family structure.
<strong>单身</strong> (dānshēn) means 'single' or 'unmarried'. It describes a person's marital status. For example, '他还是<strong>单身</strong>。' (He is still single.) <strong>单亲</strong> (dān qīn) means 'single parent' and is typically used to describe a family structure where one parent raises children, such as '<strong>单亲家庭</strong>' (single-parent family). A person can be <strong>单身</strong> and not be a <strong>单亲</strong> (if they have no children), or a <strong>单亲</strong> might not be <strong>单身</strong> (if they are remarried, though the term usually implies the parent is the sole caregiver).
他是<strong>单身</strong>，但不是<strong>单亲</strong>。(He is single, but not a single parent.)
It's the direct opposite, so understanding one helps understand the other. '双' means 'double' or 'two'.
<strong>单亲</strong> (dān qīn) refers to a family with one parent, while <strong>双亲</strong> (shuāng qīn) refers to a family with two parents. The term <strong>双亲家庭</strong> (shuāng qīn jiātíng) is the direct counterpart to <strong>单亲家庭</strong> (dān qīn jiātíng). For example, '<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的孩子可能需要不同的支持，而<strong>双亲家庭</strong>的孩子则有不同的成长环境。' (Children from single-parent families may need different support, while children from two-parent families have different growth environments.)
<strong>单亲家庭</strong> vs <strong>双亲家庭</strong>
'亲' in '单亲' is related to '父母'.
<strong>父母</strong> (fùmǔ) means 'parents' (father and mother collectively). <strong>单亲</strong> (dān qīn) means 'single parent'. You can have <strong>单亲</strong> (one parent) raising children, but <strong>父母</strong> implies two parents. For instance, '<strong>父母</strong>都健在' (both parents are alive and well) contrasts with the situation described by <strong>单亲</strong>. A <strong>单亲</strong> is one of the <strong>父母</strong>, but the term <strong>单亲</strong> highlights the absence of the other parent in the primary caregiving role.
<strong>父母</strong>都爱孩子，但<strong>单亲</strong>家庭只有一位<strong>父母</strong>在身边。(Both parents love the child, but in a single-parent family, only one parent is present.)
It's a verb often used in the context of single parenting.
<strong>单亲</strong> (dān qīn) is an adjective or noun referring to a single parent or single-parent family. <strong>抚养</strong> (fǔyǎng) is a verb meaning 'to raise' or 'to bring up' (children). They are related but distinct. You can say '<strong>单亲</strong><strong>抚养</strong>孩子' (a single parent raises children). For example, '她<strong>单亲</strong><strong>抚养</strong>孩子长大，非常辛苦。' (She raised her child alone, which was very difficult.)
<strong>单亲</strong> (adjective/noun) + <strong>抚养</strong> (verb)
'单亲' is almost always used with '家庭'.
<strong>家庭</strong> (jiātíng) means 'family' or 'household'. <strong>单亲</strong> (dān qīn) is an adjective that describes a type of family. So, <strong>单亲家庭</strong> (dān qīn jiātíng) is a 'single-parent family'. You wouldn't typically say '他是单亲' to mean 'He is a single parent' without context; you'd say '他是<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的父亲' (He is the father of a single-parent family) or '他是<strong>单亲</strong>爸爸' (He is a single father).
<strong>单亲</strong> (adjective) modifies <strong>家庭</strong> (noun).
文型パターン
Subject + 是 + 单亲家庭。
我是<strong>单亲家庭</strong>。
Subject + 是 + 单亲 + Noun (妈妈/爸爸)。
她是<strong>单亲妈妈</strong>。
Subject + 来自 + 单亲家庭。
他<strong>来自</strong>一个<strong>单亲家庭</strong>。
单亲家庭 + 的 + Noun。
<strong>单亲家庭的</strong>孩子需要关爱。
尽管 + Subject + 单亲家庭 + 状语, 但 + Result。
尽管<strong>单亲家庭</strong>有挑战，但孩子们很坚强。
作为 + 单亲妈妈/爸爸, Subject + Verb Phrase。
<strong>作为单亲妈妈</strong>，她努力工作。
社会 + 对 + 单亲家庭 + 的 + Understanding/Support + 程度 + 影响 + Wellbeing。
社会对<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的支持程度影响着他们的福祉。
从 + Perspective + 视角, 单亲家庭 + 的 + Phenomenon + 被视为 + Evolution。
从社会变迁的视角，<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的普遍化被视为一种重要的演变。
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High, especially in the phrase '单亲家庭'.
-
Using '单亲' as a standalone noun for 'single parent'.
→
Using '单亲家庭', '单亲妈妈', or '单亲爸爸'.
While understandable in very informal speech, '单亲' is primarily an adjective. It needs a noun to modify. Saying '他是单亲' (He is single parent) is less grammatical than '他是单亲家庭的父亲' (He is the father of a single-parent family) or '他是单亲爸爸' (He is a single father).
-
Confusing '单亲' (single parent family) with '单身' (single/unmarried).
→
Understanding that '单亲' refers to family structure and '单身' refers to marital status.
'单亲' describes a family with one parent raising children, irrespective of the parent's marital status. '单身' refers to someone who is not married. A person can be '单身' but not '单亲', or a '单亲' might be remarried (though the term usually implies sole caregiving). Example: '他<strong>单身</strong>，但不是<strong>单亲</strong>。' (He is single, but not a single parent.)
-
Incorrect tones for '单亲'.
→
Pronouncing both '单' (dān) and '亲' (qīn) with the first tone (high and level).
Mandarin tones are crucial for meaning. Mispronouncing the tones can lead to misunderstanding. Both characters in '单亲' are typically pronounced with the first tone: dān (high, flat) qīn (high, flat).
-
Using '单亲' to describe a child.
→
Using '单亲家庭的孩子' or '单亲儿童'.
'单亲' describes the parent or the family structure, not the child directly. While context might imply it, grammatically it's better to say 'children from single-parent families' (<strong>单亲家庭的孩子</strong>) or 'children of single parents' (<strong>单亲儿童</strong>).
-
Treating '单亲' as a noun for 'a single parent' in all situations.
→
Using it as an adjective or part of a compound noun phrase like '单亲妈妈' or '单亲家庭'.
While '亲' can mean parent, '单亲' functions more as an adjective. Relying on its common collocations ensures more natural and accurate usage. For instance, instead of saying '他是单亲', say '他是<strong>单亲</strong>爸爸' or '他是<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的父亲'.
ヒント
Adjective Placement
Remember that '单亲' is primarily an adjective. It usually comes before the noun it modifies, most commonly '家庭' (family), '妈妈' (mother), or '爸爸' (father). Think of it like 'single' in 'single parent'.
Key Phrase: 单亲家庭
The most frequent and useful phrase is '单亲家庭' (dān qīn jiātíng), meaning 'single-parent family'. Mastering this phrase will allow you to communicate the concept effectively in most situations.
Tones are Crucial
Both '单' (dān) and '亲' (qīn) are first tone (high and level). Pay close attention to maintaining these tones to ensure your pronunciation is clear and understandable.
Context Matters
While '单亲' is neutral, the context in which you use it can imply different attitudes. Using it factually in discussions about social structures is standard. Be mindful of emotional tone in personal conversations.
Character Breakdown
'单' means 'single' or 'one', and '亲' means 'parent' or 'relative'. Combining them literally means 'single parent'. Visualizing a single parent with one child can aid recall.
Growing Acceptance
Single-parent families are becoming more common globally, including in Chinese-speaking societies. The term '单亲' is widely understood and accepted as a factual description of a family structure.
Avoid Standalone Usage
Try to avoid using '单亲' alone to mean 'single parent' in formal or even most informal contexts. Stick to '单亲家庭', '单亲妈妈', or '单亲爸爸' for clarity and grammatical correctness.
Describing the Act
To describe the act of raising children alone, use phrases like '一人抚养' (yī rén fǔyǎng - to raise by oneself) or '独立抚养' (dúlì fǔyǎng - to raise independently), which focus on the parent's effort.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences using '单亲家庭', '单亲妈妈', and '单亲爸爸'. Try describing different family situations you know or have seen in media.
Opposite Term
The direct opposite of '单亲家庭' is '双亲家庭' (shuāngqīn jiātíng), meaning 'two-parent family'. Understanding this contrast can help solidify the meaning of '单亲'.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of '单' (dān) sounding like 'done' – the job of raising kids is 'done' by just 'one' parent. And '亲' (qīn) sounds like 'kin', referring to your family or relatives. So, 'done kin' by one person.
視覚的連想
Imagine a single parent holding a child's hand, walking alone down a path. The path is 'single' (单), and the person is a 'parent' (亲).
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe your own family structure or a friend's family using '单亲' if applicable, or contrast it with '双亲家庭'. Focus on using the term naturally in a sentence.
語源
The term '单亲' is a modern Chinese compound word. '单' (dān) means 'single' or 'alone', and '亲' (qīn) refers to 'parent' or 'relative'. The combination directly translates to 'single parent'. It emerged as a descriptive term for a growing social phenomenon.
元の意味： Single parent.
Sino-Tibetan文化的な背景
While '单亲' is a neutral descriptive term, it's important to be mindful of the potential sensitivities surrounding family structures. Avoid making assumptions or judgments about individuals or families based on their family type. Focus on respectful and objective language.
In English-speaking cultures, 'single parent' is a common and widely understood term, used in various social and academic contexts. It carries a similar neutral connotation as in Chinese.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Discussing personal backgrounds and family history.
- 我来自<strong>单亲家庭</strong>。
- 我的朋友是<strong>单亲妈妈</strong>。
- 他从小由<strong>单亲</strong>抚养长大。
Social studies and discussions about society.
- <strong>单亲家庭</strong>面临的挑战。
- 社会应该支持<strong>单亲家庭</strong>。
- <strong>单亲</strong>儿童的教育问题。
Media reports and documentaries.
- 电影讲述了一个<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的故事。
- <strong>单亲妈妈</strong>的奋斗史。
- <strong>单亲爸爸</strong>的辛酸。
Educational settings, like parent-teacher meetings or classroom discussions.
- 我们班有<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的孩子。
- 请家长们注意<strong>单亲家庭</strong>的特殊情况。
- 理解不同<strong>家庭结构</strong>。
Psychological or sociological analysis.
- <strong>单亲家庭</strong>的心理影响。
- <strong>单亲</strong>父母的压力。
- <strong>单亲家庭</strong>的社会适应性。
会話のきっかけ
"你听说过'单亲家庭'这个词吗？"
"在你的国家，单亲家庭多吗？"
"你认为单亲妈妈或单亲爸爸会遇到什么特别的困难？"
"你觉得单亲家庭的孩子和双亲家庭的孩子有什么不同吗？"
"有没有你看过的关于单亲家庭的电影或电视剧？"
日記のテーマ
如果你来自单亲家庭，写写你的成长经历和感受。
想象一下，如果你是一个单亲家长，你会如何平衡工作和家庭？
描述一下你认为一个理想的单亲家庭应该是什么样的。
写一篇关于单亲家庭所面临的社会挑战的文章。
如果你是单亲家庭的孩子，你想对你的父母说些什么？
よくある質問
10 問The most common and standard way to say 'single-parent family' in Chinese is 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng). 单亲 (dān qīn) itself means 'single parent', and it functions as an adjective modifying 家庭 (jiātíng - family).
While understandable in very informal contexts, it's generally better to use it with a noun. It's most commonly seen as 单亲家庭 (single-parent family), 单亲妈妈 (single mother), or 单亲爸爸 (single father). Saying just '他是单亲' (Tā shì dān qīn) meaning 'He is a single parent' can sound incomplete or grammatically awkward to native speakers.
单亲 (dān qīn) refers to a family structure with one parent raising children. It focuses on the parenting role and family composition. 单身 (dānshēn) means 'single' or 'unmarried' and refers to a person's marital status. A person can be 单身 but not a 单亲 (if they have no children), or a 单亲 might not be 单身 (if they are remarried, though the term implies sole caregiving). For example, '他单身，但不是单亲。' (He is single, but not a single parent.)
No, '单亲' is a neutral and descriptive term. It simply denotes a family structure. Like in English, the societal perception of single-parent families can vary, but the word itself is factual and not inherently negative.
You say 单亲妈妈 (dān qīn māma) for 'single mother' and 单亲爸爸 (dān qīn bāba) for 'single father'. Here, 单亲 acts as an adjective directly modifying 'mother' or 'father'.
Yes, besides 单亲, you can use phrases like 一人抚养 (yī rén fǔyǎng - to raise by oneself) or 独立抚养 (dúlì fǔyǎng - to raise independently). These emphasize the action and effort of the parent. For example, '她一人抚养了三个孩子。' (She raised three children by herself.)
A 'blended family' or 'reconstituted family' is called 重组家庭 (chóngzǔ jiātíng). This is different from a single-parent family, as it typically involves remarriage and the merging of families.
In standard Mandarin, both '单' (dān) and '亲' (qīn) are pronounced with the first tone (high and level). So, it's dān (high) qīn (high).
Yes, you can say 单亲家庭的孩子 (dān qīn jiātíng de háizi - children from single-parent families) or, more concisely, 单亲儿童 (dān qīn értóng - children of single parents/from single-parent families), although the former is more common in everyday speech.
Yes, it is quite common. With societal changes, the diversity of family structures, including single-parent families, is increasingly recognized and discussed in media, education, and everyday conversations.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
单亲 (dān qīn) is an adjective meaning 'single parent', most commonly used in the phrase 单亲家庭 (dān qīn jiātíng) for 'single-parent family'. It describes a family with one custodial parent and is frequently used in discussions about family structures, social issues, and personal experiences.
- 单亲 (dān qīn) means single parent.
- Most often used as 单亲家庭 (single-parent family).
- It's an adjective describing family structure.
- Common in everyday talk and media.
Adjective Placement
Remember that '单亲' is primarily an adjective. It usually comes before the noun it modifies, most commonly '家庭' (family), '妈妈' (mother), or '爸爸' (father). Think of it like 'single' in 'single parent'.
Key Phrase: 单亲家庭
The most frequent and useful phrase is '单亲家庭' (dān qīn jiātíng), meaning 'single-parent family'. Mastering this phrase will allow you to communicate the concept effectively in most situations.
Tones are Crucial
Both '单' (dān) and '亲' (qīn) are first tone (high and level). Pay close attention to maintaining these tones to ensure your pronunciation is clear and understandable.
Context Matters
While '单亲' is neutral, the context in which you use it can imply different attitudes. Using it factually in discussions about social structures is standard. Be mindful of emotional tone in personal conversations.
例文
她一个人抚养孩子，是个很棒的单亲妈妈。
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
familyの関連語
百日宴
A2「百日宴」は、赤ちゃんの生後100日を祝う中国の伝統的な宴会です。
一对
A2対になっている物や、カップル（男女）を数える言葉。
迁就
B2To accommodate; to yield to.
称呼
A2呼び名、呼称。相手との関係性や社会的地位に基づいた適切な呼び方のこと。
住址
A2Address.
认错
A2To admit a mistake.
领养
A2子供やペットを養子にする（領養する）。
收养
B1子供を法的に養子にすること。
养女
A2養女（ようじょ）。血縁関係はないが、法律上の娘として育てられている女性の子ども。
养子
A2養子（ようし）。血縁関係のない親によって育てられている息子のことです。
