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A1 adverb 12분 분량

longe

예시
설명 longe in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, the word 'longe' is introduced as a basic vocabulary item to describe physical distance. It is one of the most important adverbs of place you will learn, right alongside its opposite, 'perto' (near). At this stage, your primary goal is to use 'longe' to talk about where things are located in relation to yourself or other objects. You will use it in simple, short sentences, often with the verb 'ser' (to be - permanent) or 'ficar' (to be located). For example, if someone asks where the supermarket is, you might reply, 'O supermercado é longe' (The supermarket is far). You will also learn the crucial rule that if you want to say 'far from' something, you must use the preposition 'de'. This leads to combinations like 'longe de casa' (far from home) or 'longe daqui' (far from here). Understanding these basic spatial relationships is essential for navigating daily life, asking for directions, and describing your environment. You do not need to worry about complex metaphors yet; focus entirely on physical geography and simple travel times. Practice saying 'é longe' and 'não é longe' to build your confidence in basic conversational exchanges.
As you progress to the A2 level, your use of 'longe' becomes more detailed and grammatically integrated. You will start combining 'longe' with the contractions of the preposition 'de' and definite articles (do, da, dos, das). This allows you to specify exactly what something is far from, such as 'longe do centro' (far from the center) or 'longe da escola' (far from the school). You will also begin to use degree modifiers to add precision to your descriptions. Words like 'muito' (very), 'um pouco' (a little), and 'tão' (so) will frequently accompany 'longe'. For instance, 'A minha casa é muito longe do trabalho' (My house is very far from work). Additionally, at this level, you will encounter 'longe' in comparative structures, learning to say 'mais longe' (further) to compare distances between two places. You might say, 'O Brasil é mais longe do que a Espanha' (Brazil is further than Spain). This comparative ability significantly enhances your descriptive skills, allowing you to plan trips, discuss commutes, and communicate logistical preferences with much greater accuracy than at the absolute beginner stage.
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At the B1 intermediate level, the usage of 'longe' expands beyond mere physical geography into the realm of time and basic metaphors. You will start using 'longe' to describe temporal distance, referring to events that are far in the past or future. For example, 'As férias ainda estão longe' (The holidays are still far away). Furthermore, you will begin to use the powerful grammatical structure of 'longe de' followed by an infinitive verb. This structure is used to express that an action is far from being completed or that a state is far from reality. 'Estou longe de terminar o relatório' (I am far from finishing the report). This marks a significant step in conversational fluency, as it allows you to express intentions, progress, and abstract concepts. You will also start recognizing 'longe' as a descriptor for emotional or psychological states, such as someone seeming 'longe' (distracted or aloof) during a conversation. Mastering these temporal and abstract applications of 'longe' is a hallmark of B1 proficiency, moving you from simple descriptions to more nuanced storytelling and expression of opinions.
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Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level means you are comfortable using 'longe' in a wide variety of idiomatic expressions and complex sentence structures. You will frequently use the phrase 'de longe' to mean 'by far' when making emphatic comparisons, such as 'Ela é de longe a melhor jogadora' (She is by far the best player). You will also understand and use expressions like 'ir longe' (to go far), not just physically, but metaphorically to indicate success or extreme behavior ('Ele foi longe demais com essa piada' - He went too far with that joke). At this stage, you are expected to seamlessly integrate 'longe' into conditional and subjunctive clauses, discussing hypothetical distances or situations. Your vocabulary will also expand to include synonyms like 'distante' and 'afastado', and you will know exactly when to use the adverbial 'longe' versus the adjectival alternatives. The ability to play with the literal and figurative meanings of 'longe' in debates, professional environments, and emotional discussions demonstrates a strong, independent command of the Portuguese language.
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At the C1 advanced level, your use of 'longe' is sophisticated, nuanced, and nearly indistinguishable from a native speaker. You employ 'longe' in complex literary and rhetorical contexts. You understand subtle discourse markers and use 'longe' to structure arguments, such as 'Longe de mim querer criticar, mas...' (Far be it from me to criticize, but...). This specific phrase is a highly advanced way to soften a critique or express mock humility. You are also entirely comfortable with the poetic and abstract uses of the word, recognizing it in literature to evoke feelings of profound isolation, nostalgia, or vast historical epochs ('Tempos que já vão longe' - Times that are long gone). At this level, you can effortlessly navigate the stylistic choices between 'longe', 'longínquo', and 'remoto', selecting the exact word needed to convey the precise emotional resonance or formal tone required by the context. Your comprehension of regional idioms and historical usages involving 'longe' is robust, allowing you to consume complex media, literature, and academic texts without hesitation.
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At the C2 mastery level, 'longe' is a fully integrated tool in your expansive linguistic repertoire. You possess a deep, intuitive understanding of its etymology, its subtle variations across the Lusophone world (understanding the slight differences in usage or idiomatic flavor between Portugal, Brazil, and Angola), and its role in complex syntax. You can manipulate the word for rhetorical effect, using it in double entendres, sophisticated wordplay, or deeply philosophical discussions about space, time, and human connection. You recognize and can produce archaic or highly specialized phrases where 'longe' appears. Your ability to use 'longe' extends to creating your own metaphors and poetic imagery, seamlessly blending the literal concept of distance with abstract thoughts on sociology, psychology, or quantum physics in academic or high-level professional discourse. At this ultimate stage of language acquisition, 'longe' is not just a vocabulary word to be translated; it is a conceptual anchor that you use to navigate and articulate the most complex ideas in the Portuguese language with absolute precision and elegance.
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예시
The Portuguese word 'longe' is a fundamental adverb of place that translates directly to 'far' or 'distant' in English. It is used to describe a significant physical, temporal, or metaphorical distance between two points, objects, or concepts. When Portuguese speakers use this word, they are typically emphasizing that something is not easily accessible, requires significant travel time, or is conceptually detached from the current situation. Understanding how to use 'longe' correctly is essential for everyday communication, whether you are giving directions, discussing travel plans, or expressing emotional detachment. In its most literal sense, 'longe' refers to geographical distance. For example, if you are in Lisbon and talking about Tokyo, you would say that Tokyo is 'longe'. This physical distance can be modified by adverbs of intensity, such as 'muito' (very) or 'tão' (so), to emphasize just how great the distance is.

A minha casa fica muito longe daqui.

Physical Distance
Used to describe locations that require a long journey or significant time to reach. It is the opposite of 'perto' (near).
Beyond physical geography, 'longe' is frequently employed to denote temporal distance. You might hear someone say that an event happened 'longe no passado' (far in the past) or that a future goal is 'ainda longe' (still far away). This temporal usage helps speakers contextualize events within a timeline, indicating that something is not happening anytime soon or has long since passed.

O fim de semana ainda está longe.

Temporal Distance
Describes time periods, events, or deadlines that are separated by a large amount of time from the present moment.
Metaphorically, 'longe' is incredibly versatile. It can describe a state of mind, an emotional disconnect, or a situation that is far from ideal. If a student's answer is incorrect, a teacher might say the answer is 'longe da verdade' (far from the truth). If someone is daydreaming, they might be described as having their thoughts 'longe' (far away). This abstract application of the word allows for rich, expressive conversations about feelings, accuracy, and relationships.

Ele estava com o pensamento longe durante a reunião.

Isso está longe de ser o ideal, mas funciona.

Metaphorical Distance
Indicates a lack of similarity, emotional detachment, or a deviation from an expected standard or truth.

Eles moram muito longe uns dos outros.

To master Portuguese, you must internalize these three dimensions of 'longe': the physical space you traverse, the time you wait, and the abstract concepts you navigate. Culturally, what is considered 'longe' can vary; in a massive country like Brazil, a four-hour drive might not be considered 'muito longe', whereas in Portugal, it would mean crossing half the country. Therefore, context and cultural perspective heavily influence the practical application of this essential adverb.
Using 'longe' correctly in sentences requires an understanding of its grammatical function as an adverb of place and its interaction with prepositions, particularly 'de'. Because it is an adverb, 'longe' modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing spatial or conceptual context. The most critical rule to remember is that when 'longe' specifies a distance relative to a specific reference point, it must be followed by the preposition 'de' (of/from). This preposition often contracts with definite articles (o, a, os, as) to form 'do', 'da', 'dos', or 'das'. For instance, to say 'far from the beach', you combine 'longe' + 'de' + 'a' + 'praia' to get 'longe da praia'.

O aeroporto fica longe do centro da cidade.

Longe + De + Noun
This is the standard structure for indicating distance from a specific object, place, or person. Always remember the contractions.
You can also use 'longe' absolutely, without a reference point, when the context makes the reference clear. If someone asks if the store is nearby, you can simply reply, 'Não, é longe.' In this case, 'de aqui' (from here) is implied. Modifying 'longe' to express varying degrees of distance is very common. You can use 'muito' (very), 'pouco' (a little), 'tão' (so), 'mais' (more/further), and 'menos' (less). When asking questions about distance, the phrase 'quão longe' (how far) is frequently used, though in informal spoken Portuguese, people often say 'fica muito longe?' (is it very far?).

Quão longe estamos da fronteira?

Eu não consigo atirar a bola mais longe do que isso.

Degree Modifiers
Words like 'muito', 'mais', and 'tão' are placed directly before 'longe' to adjust the intensity of the distance being described.
Another important grammatical structure involves using 'longe' with verbs in the infinitive. The phrase 'longe de' followed by an infinitive verb means 'far from doing something' or 'not at all doing something'. This is a highly expressive way to deny an intention or to state that an action is incomplete. For example, 'Estou longe de terminar o projeto' translates to 'I am far from finishing the project'.

Ela está longe de ser a melhor candidata.

Longe de + Infinitive
Used metaphorically to indicate that a state or action is nowhere near being realized or true.

Com esse talento, você vai longe na sua carreira.

By mastering these sentence structures—using the preposition 'de', applying modifiers, and combining it with infinitives—you will be able to articulate complex spatial and metaphorical relationships with native-like fluency. Practice combining 'longe' with different subjects and verbs to solidify your understanding of its placement and function within Portuguese syntax.
The word 'longe' is ubiquitous in Portuguese-speaking environments, appearing in a wide array of contexts from casual street conversations to formal literature, news broadcasts, and romantic poetry. Because distance—both physical and metaphorical—is a universal human experience, the vocabulary to describe it is used daily. One of the most common places you will hear 'longe' is when asking for or giving directions. Whether you are navigating the winding streets of Lisbon or the vast avenues of São Paulo, 'longe' is the standard metric for determining if you should walk, take a bus, or call a taxi.

Com licença, a estação de comboios fica muito longe?

Navigation and Directions
Essential for assessing travel time and logistical planning in everyday urban or rural settings.
In the context of relationships and social dynamics, 'longe' takes on an emotional weight. People often talk about family members who live 'longe' (far away), expressing a sense of missing them (saudades). Long-distance relationships are frequently discussed using this term. Additionally, when someone is acting distant or aloof, friends might observe that the person seems 'longe', referring to their mental state rather than their physical location. This dual usage makes it a powerful word in interpersonal communication.

A minha família vive toda longe, no norte do país.

Hoje estás tão calado, pareces estar longe.

Relationships and State of Mind
Used to describe geographical separation between loved ones or a psychological state of distraction or detachment.
In the news and media, 'longe' is frequently used to report on international events, scientific discoveries (like planets that are 'muito longe'), or economic goals that are still 'longe de serem alcançados' (far from being achieved). Sports commentators use it to describe a ball hit 'para longe' (far away) or an athlete who has gone 'mais longe' (further) than their competitors in a tournament.

O jogador chutou a bola para bem longe da baliza.

Media and Sports
Commonly employed to convey physical distance in athletic feats or the metaphorical distance of societal progress.

Este é, de longe, o melhor bolo que já comi.

Recognizing these various contexts will drastically improve your listening comprehension. When you hear 'longe', pay attention to whether the speaker is pointing down a street, looking wistfully into the distance, or emphasizing a comparative statement. The surrounding vocabulary and the speaker's tone will immediately clarify which version of 'longe' is in play.
While 'longe' is a common and relatively straightforward word, English speakers learning Portuguese frequently make a few specific grammatical and structural mistakes. The most prevalent error is the omission of the preposition 'de' when specifying the reference point of the distance. In English, we say 'far from the city', and learners sometimes directly translate this without the proper Portuguese contraction, resulting in broken phrases like 'longe a cidade' or 'longe por a cidade'. The correct form must always integrate 'de', resulting in 'longe da cidade'. Failing to use these contractions (do, da, dos, das) is a dead giveaway of a non-native speaker.

Incorreto: A escola é longe a minha casa.

Correto: A escola é longe da minha casa.

Missing the Preposition 'De'
Always link 'longe' to its reference point using 'de' or its contractions. Never use 'a' or 'para' to mean 'from' in this context.
Another frequent mistake is treating 'longe' as an adjective and attempting to pluralize it. Because English speakers might think of 'distant places', they translate it directly to 'lugares longes'. This is grammatically incorrect in Portuguese. 'Longe' is an adverb and is therefore invariable; it never takes an 's' at the end. If you need an adjective that agrees in number and gender, you must use 'distante' (e.g., 'lugares distantes').

Incorreto: Eles viajaram para países longes.

Pluralizing an Adverb
'Longe' never changes form. It remains 'longe' regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural.
Pronunciation can also be a stumbling block. The 'on' in 'longe' is a nasal vowel sound, which does not exist in English in the same way. Learners often pronounce it like the English word 'long', followed by a hard 'g'. The correct pronunciation involves nasalizing the 'o' and pronouncing the 'ge' as a soft 'zh' sound (like the 's' in 'measure' or the French 'j'). Practicing the nasal resonance is key to sounding natural.

Pronúncia: LOHN-zhee (Brasil) / LOHN-zh (Portugal).

Pronunciation Errors
Avoid the hard English 'g'. Focus on the nasal 'on' and the soft, fricative 'ge'.
By being mindful of the required preposition 'de', remembering that adverbs don't pluralize, and practicing the nasal pronunciation, you can easily avoid the most common pitfalls associated with the word 'longe'. Consistent practice with these rules will make your Portuguese sound much more authentic and structurally sound.
While 'longe' is the most common and versatile word for 'far' in Portuguese, the language offers a rich variety of synonyms and related terms that can add nuance, formality, or poetic flair to your speech and writing. Understanding these alternatives allows you to express distance with greater precision and elevates your vocabulary beyond the basics. The most direct alternative is 'distante'. Unlike 'longe', which is an adverb, 'distante' functions primarily as an adjective. This means it must agree in number with the noun it modifies. You would use 'distante' when you want to describe a noun directly, such as 'uma terra distante' (a distant land) or 'parentes distantes' (distant relatives). It carries a slightly more formal or literary tone than 'longe'.

Eles viajaram para terras muito distantes.

Distante (Adjective)
Used to qualify nouns. It implies a significant physical or emotional gap and must agree in plural forms (distantes).
Another excellent alternative is 'afastado'. Derived from the verb 'afastar' (to move away), 'afastado' suggests that something has been deliberately placed far away or is isolated from a central point. It is often used to describe remote locations, rural areas, or people who have withdrawn from social interaction. A house in the deep countryside might be described as 'uma casa afastada da cidade' (a house far/secluded from the city).

Ele vive num bairro muito afastado do centro.

Afastado (Adjective/Participle)
Conveys a sense of isolation, withdrawal, or being set apart from a main area or group.
For extreme distances or highly formal contexts, words like 'remoto' and 'longínquo' are utilized. 'Remoto' is very similar to its English cognate 'remote', used for places that are difficult to reach or chances that are very slim (e.g., 'uma possibilidade remota'). 'Longínquo' is a beautiful, highly literary word that refers to things that are immensely far away in space or time, often evoking a sense of nostalgia or epic scale (e.g., 'um passado longínquo' - a distant past).

A lenda vem de um tempo longínquo.

Remoto / Longínquo
Highly formal or literary terms used for extreme physical isolation or vast temporal distances.

A ilha é tão remota que só se chega de barco.

By incorporating 'distante', 'afastado', 'remoto', and 'longínquo' into your vocabulary, you can tailor your descriptions of distance to perfectly match the tone, formality, and specific emotional resonance of the situation you are describing.
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수준별 예문

1

A escola é muito longe.

The school is very far.

Basic use of 'longe' as an adverb of place after the verb 'ser'.

2

O hospital fica longe daqui?

Is the hospital far from here?

Using 'ficar' for location and 'daqui' (de + aqui) for reference.

3

Eu moro longe.

I live far away.

Used absolutely without a reference point.

4

Não é longe, é perto.

It is not far, it is near.

Contrasting 'longe' with its direct antonym 'perto'.

5

O parque é longe de casa.

The park is far from home.

Introducing the preposition 'de' to specify the reference point.

6

O Brasil é longe.

Brazil is far.

Used to describe geographical distance between countries.

7

O carro está longe.

The car is far.

Describing the physical location of an object.

8

Ela trabalha longe.

She works far away.

Modifying the verb 'trabalhar' to indicate distance of commute.

1

O supermercado fica longe da minha rua.

The supermarket is far from my street.

Using the contraction 'da' (de + a).

2

Nós fomos mais longe hoje.

We went further today.

Using the comparative 'mais longe'.

3

A praia não é tão longe assim.

The beach is not that far.

Using 'tão' to modify the intensity of the distance.

4

Eles moram muito longe do centro.

They live very far from the center.

Combining 'muito' with the contraction 'do' (de + o).

5

Quão longe fica o aeroporto?

How far is the airport?

Using 'quão' to ask a direct question about distance.

6

Estou a ver um barco ao longe.

I am seeing a boat in the distance.

Using the expression 'ao longe' meaning 'in the distance'.

7

A estação de comboios é menos longe do que o porto.

The train station is less far than the port.

Using 'menos longe do que' for negative comparison.

8

Deixe o carro longe da entrada.

Leave the car far from the entrance.

Using 'longe' in an imperative sentence.

1

O fim de semana ainda está longe.

The weekend is still far away.

Using 'longe' to describe temporal distance.

2

Estou longe de terminar este livro.

I am far from finishing this book.

Using 'longe de' + infinitive verb to indicate incomplete action.

3

A tua resposta está longe de ser a correta.

Your answer is far from being the correct one.

Metaphorical use indicating inaccuracy.

4

Ela parecia estar com o pensamento longe.

She seemed to have her thoughts far away.

Describing a distracted or daydreaming psychological state.

5

O nosso objetivo está cada vez mais longe.

Our goal is getting further and further away.

Using 'cada vez mais' to show progressive distance.

6

Mesmo de longe, consegui reconhecer a voz dele.

Even from afar, I managed to recognize his voice.

Using 'de longe' to mean 'from a distance'.

7

Eles mantêm um relacionamento à distância, moram longe.

They maintain a long-distance relationship, they live far apart.

Contextual use in relationships.

8

Aquele tempo já vai longe.

That time is already long gone.

Idiomatic expression for something far in the past.

1

Ele é, de longe, o aluno mais inteligente da turma.

He is, by far, the smartest student in the class.

Using 'de longe' as an intensifier meaning 'by far'.

2

Acho que foste longe demais com essa brincadeira.

I think you went too far with that joke.

Metaphorical use of 'ir longe demais' (to go too far/cross a line).

3

Longe de mim querer interferir na vossa vida.

Far be it from me to want to interfere in your life.

Advanced discourse marker 'Longe de mim' (Far be it from me).

4

As consequências dessa decisão vão chegar muito longe.

The consequences of this decision will reach very far.

Metaphorical distance representing impact or reach.

5

Por mais longe que vás, eu estarei contigo.

However far you go, I will be with you.

Use in a concessive subjunctive clause ('Por mais longe que vás').

6

O projeto está longe de ser o sucesso que esperávamos.

The project is far from being the success we expected.

Abstract use denoting failure to meet expectations.

7

Eles atiraram as provas para bem longe.

They threw the evidence very far away.

Using 'para bem longe' for emphasis on disposal or hiding.

8

Aquele país fica nos confins, muito longe da civilização.

That country is at the edges, very far from civilization.

Combining with strong descriptive nouns like 'civilização'.

1

A sua interpretação dos factos passa longe da realidade objetiva.

His interpretation of the facts falls far from objective reality.

Sophisticated metaphorical use 'passa longe' (misses the mark widely).

2

Longe vão os dias em que podíamos confiar cegamente nas instituições.

Long gone are the days when we could blindly trust institutions.

Literary inversion 'Longe vão os dias' for nostalgic or critical reflection.

3

O som lúgubre do sino ecoava ao longe, na névoa.

The mournful sound of the bell echoed in the distance, in the fog.

Poeti

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