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A1 noun 10 دقیقه مطالعه

okno

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها okno در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح okno in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'okno' is a basic vocabulary word used to identify objects in a room. Learners focus on the nominative case ('To jest okno') and simple verbs like 'otwierać' (to open) and 'zamykać' (to close). The goal is to be able to follow simple instructions like 'Proszę zamknąć okno' (Please close the window) and describe a house using basic adjectives like 'duże' (big) or 'małe' (small). Understanding that 'okno' is neuter is the primary grammatical hurdle.

At A2, learners begin to use 'okno' with prepositions that require different cases. This includes 'przy oknie' (by the window - locative) and 'przez okno' (through the window - accusative). They also learn the plural form 'okna' and start to use it in more complex sentences about their environment, such as describing their favorite spot in an apartment or asking for a window seat on a bus or train.

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By B1, the focus shifts to more abstract and professional uses. This includes the computing context ('zamknij wszystkie okna') and the diminutive 'okienko' for gaps in a schedule. Learners should be comfortable with the genitive plural 'okien' and idioms like 'wyrzucać pieniądze przez okno'. They can discuss the merits of different types of windows (e.g., wooden vs. plastic) in the context of home renovation.

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At the B2 level, 'okno' appears in more specialized language, such as 'okno transferowe' in sports or 'okno pogodowe' in travel and logistics. Learners understand the nuance between 'okno', 'szyba', and 'witryna'. They can use the word in debate, for example, discussing 'okno na świat' as a metaphor for education or the internet. Their command of cases, including the instrumental 'oknami', is expected to be fluid.

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C1 learners use 'okno' in literary and highly metaphorical contexts. They might encounter the 'okno Overtona' (Overton window) in political science or use 'okno' to describe a psychological perspective. They understand the cultural significance of windows in Polish history and architecture and can use the word in complex, grammatically perfect sentences that involve multiple clauses and nuanced case usage.

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At the C2 level, 'okno' is used with complete native-like mastery, including rare idiomatic expressions and poetic uses. The speaker can appreciate puns involving the word and understands its use in technical architectural specifications or legal documents regarding building codes. They can discuss the philosophical implications of 'looking through a window' as a metaphor for the human condition.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

okno در ۳۰ ثانیه

Okno is the Polish word for window, a neuter noun essential for basic communication.
It is used for physical windows in buildings, vehicles, and computer software interfaces.
Grammatically, it follows the neuter declension, changing to 'oknie' in the locative case.
Common idioms include 'okno na świat' (window to the world) and 'wyrzucać pieniądze przez okno'.

The word okno is one of the most fundamental nouns in the Polish language, designated at the A1 level because it describes a basic architectural feature of any building. At its most literal level, it refers to a window—a transparent or translucent opening designed to permit the entry of light and, if movable, the entry of air. In Polish culture, the window is not just a structural element; it is a point of connection between the private domestic sphere and the public world outside. You will use this word daily, whether you are describing your home, asking someone to ventilate a room, or looking for a seat on a train.

Physical Architecture: In a house (dom) or apartment (mieszkanie), the okno is the primary source of 'światło dzienne' (daylight). Polish windows often feature a 'parapet' (windowsill), which is a common place for 'kwiaty doniczkowe' (potted plants).
Computing Context: Just like in English, the term okno is used in computing. When you open a folder or an application on a screen, you are opening an 'okno programu'. The plural form 'Okna' is also the direct translation for the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Temporal Windows: In academic or professional settings, an 'okienko' (the diminutive form) refers to a gap in a schedule, such as a free hour between two university lectures. It is also used in 'okno pogodowe' (weather window) to describe a brief period of clear weather suitable for an activity.

Moje nowe mieszkanie ma bardzo duże okno z widokiem na park.
— My new apartment has a very large window with a view of the park.

Understanding the gender of the word is crucial. Okno is a neuter noun (rodzaj nijaki), which you can tell by the '-o' ending. This affects the adjectives that describe it—'duże okno' (big window), 'małe okno' (small window), 'otwarte okno' (open window). When you move beyond the physical, you encounter the metaphorical 'okno na świat' (window to the world), which refers to something that provides access to new information, cultures, or opportunities, such as a library, the internet, or a port city like Gdańsk.

Czy możesz zamknąć okno? Jest mi zimno.
— Can you close the window? I am cold.

Historically, the design of Polish windows has evolved from small, heavy wooden frames to the modern, large PVC or aluminum triple-glazed units common today. In older 'kamienice' (tenement houses), you might still see 'okna skrzynkowe' (box windows), which consist of two sets of frames that open separately. This architectural detail is vital for anyone interested in Polish history or urban design. Whether you are looking through a 'lufcik' (a small vent window) or a 'witryna' (a large shop window), the root word remains okno.

Transportation: When traveling by 'pociąg' (train) or 'samolot' (airplane), you might request a 'miejsce przy oknie' (window seat). This is a high-frequency phrase for travelers.

Using okno correctly requires an understanding of Polish noun cases. While 'okno' is the nominative form, you will frequently encounter its various inflections depending on the preposition or the verb used. For instance, after the preposition 'przez' (through), the noun remains in the accusative case, which for neuter nouns is identical to the nominative: 'patrzeć przez okno' (to look through the window).

Kot siedzi na oknie.
— The cat is sitting on the window (usually meaning the windowsill).

Locative Case (Miejscownik): When describing location using the preposition 'w' (in) or 'na' (on), the form changes to oknie. Example: 'W tym oknie pali się światło' (Light is on in that window).
Genitive Case (Dopełniacz): When expressing possession or negation, use okna. Example: 'Nie widzę okna' (I don't see the window) or 'Rama okna' (The frame of the window).

Verbs associated with okno often involve physical actions. 'Otwierać' (to open) and 'zamykać' (to close) are the most common. Note that 'otwierać' is imperfective (habitual or ongoing) and 'otworzyć' is perfective (completed). Similarly, 'myć okna' (to wash windows) is a common domestic task. If you want to say you are looking out of the window, you say 'wyglądać przez okno'.

Wyrzucasz pieniądze przez okno!
— You are throwing money out the window! (meaning: wasting money)

In plural forms, 'okno' becomes 'okna'. The genitive plural is 'okien' (dropping the -o and adding an -e- for phonetic ease), which is a common pattern in Polish neuter nouns ending in a consonant cluster before the final vowel. Example: 'W tym budynku jest dużo okien' (There are many windows in this building). The instrumental case 'oknami' is used when something is happening 'by the windows' or in expressions like 'pukać do okien' (to knock on windows).

Dative Case (Celownik): Rarely used for objects, but you might say 'przyjrzeć się oknu' (to look closely at the window). The form is oknu.

In everyday life in Poland, you will hear okno in various contexts, ranging from the mundane to the highly specific. One of the most common places is at home or in a shared office space. Due to the Polish climate, which has distinct seasons, the state of the windows is often a topic of conversation. In summer, you'll hear 'Otwórz okno, jest duszno' (Open the window, it's stuffy), while in winter, the opposite is true: 'Zamknij okno, wieje' (Close the window, there's a draft).

Przepraszam, czy to okno się otwiera?
— Excuse me, does this window open?

Another frequent environment is the 'pociąg' (train). Polish trains, especially older models, have windows that passengers can manually slide down. You might hear a fellow traveler ask: 'Czy nie będzie państwu przeszkadzać, jeśli uchylę okno?' (Would you mind if I crack the window open?). In modern trains with air conditioning, you will see stickers saying 'okno bezpieczeństwa' (emergency window) or 'nie otwierać okien' (do not open windows).

In the Office: IT professionals and office workers use the word constantly in relation to software. 'Zminimalizuj to okno' (Minimize this window) or 'Przesuń okno na drugi monitor' (Move the window to the second monitor).
At the University: Students frequently use the diminutive 'okienko' to describe the gap between classes. 'Mamy dwugodzinne okienko, idziemy na kawę?' (We have a two-hour gap, shall we go for coffee?).

In literature and film, the window is a powerful symbol. You might hear it in the title of the famous Polish film 'Okno' or in poetic descriptions of 'okna duszy' (windows of the soul), referring to eyes. In news broadcasts, you might hear about an 'okno transferowe' (transfer window) in sports, particularly football, which is the period when clubs can buy and sell players. This shows the word's versatility across different domains of life.

While okno is a simple word, its usage can be tricky for English speakers, particularly regarding prepositions and cases. One of the most common errors is using the wrong preposition for 'at the window'. In English, you are 'at' the window, but in Polish, you are usually 'przy oknie' (beside/by the window) or 'w oknie' (appearing in the frame of the window).

Mistake: 'Patrzeć przez oknie': The preposition 'przez' (through) always requires the Accusative case. For neuter nouns like 'okno', the accusative is 'okno'. Learners often mistakenly use the locative 'oknie'. Correct: Patrzeć przez okno.
Mistake: 'Na oknie' vs 'W oknie': If you say 'Stoję na oknie', it implies you are literally standing on the glass or the frame. To say you are standing in the window area, use 'Stoję w oknie' or 'Stoję przy oknie'.

Błędnie: Widzę go w okna. Poprawnie: Widzę go w oknie.
— The locative case is required after 'w'.

Another common confusion arises with the plural genitive. Many learners try to say 'oknów' (following the masculine pattern) or 'okna' (nominative plural). However, the correct form is okien. This 'e' insertion is a frequent stumbling block. Remember: 'dużo okien' (many windows).

Finally, be careful with the diminutive 'okienko'. While it literally means 'little window', in a bank or post office, it means 'counter'. If you are looking for a small window in a wall, 'okienko' is correct, but don't use the full 'okno' when referring to a service desk unless you want to sound very literal and slightly strange.

While okno is the general term, Polish has several specific words for different types of windows or related components. Knowing these can help you sound more precise and natural.

Szyba (Pane): This refers specifically to the glass pane. You wash the okno (the whole unit), but you might break the szyba. Example: 'Szyba w oknie jest pęknięta' (The window pane is cracked).
Witryna (Storefront/Display Window): Used for large windows in shops where products are displayed. It is also used for a glass-fronted cabinet in a living room.
Lufcik (Vent Window): A small, separate part of a larger window that can be opened for ventilation. This word is specifically common in older Polish architecture.

Patrzę na wystawę w witrynie sklepu.
— I am looking at the display in the shop window.

In a metaphorical sense, instead of 'okno na świat', one might use 'drzwi do...' (door to...) to indicate access. However, 'okno' implies observation and perspective, whereas 'drzwi' implies entry and action. There is also the word 'świetlik' (skylight), used for windows located in the roof or ceiling to provide overhead light.

For those interested in technical terms, the frame is called 'rama okienna', and the windowsill is 'parapet'. If a window is 'szczelne', it means it is airtight and well-insulated, a very important quality in the cold Polish winters. If you want to describe a window that doesn't open, it is called an 'okno stałe' or 'fix'.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The etymological connection between 'eye' and 'window' exists in many languages, including English ('window' comes from Old Norse 'vindauga' - wind-eye).

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈɔknɔ/

US /ˈɔknɔ/

Stress is on the first syllable (penultimate in Polish is always stressed).

هم‌قافیه با

bokno stokno okno (self) mocno (near rhyme) nocno (near rhyme) owocno północno pochmurno (vowel rhyme)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the final 'o' like 'oh' (diphthong). It should be a pure 'o'.
Over-aspirating the 'k'.
Missing the nasal quality if it were a different word, but here it is simple.
Softening the 'n' unnecessarily.
Stressing the second syllable.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 1/5

Very easy to recognize and read.

نوشتن 2/5

Simple spelling, but plural genitive 'okien' can be tricky.

صحبت کردن 1/5

Clear pronunciation with standard Polish vowels.

گوش دادن 1/5

Easily distinguishable in conversation.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

dom ściana oko to jest

بعداً یاد بگیرید

drzwi pokój szyba parapet firanka

پیشرفته

okiennica przeszklenie witraż lufcik wykusz

گرامر لازم

Neuter nouns ending in -o

okno, masło, koło

Locative case ending -ie for neuter

w oknie, o oknie

Genitive plural with 'e' insertion

okno -> okien, jajko -> jajek

Accusative of inanimate neuter equals Nominative

Widzę okno. (Nom: okno)

Preposition 'przez' + Accusative

Patrzę przez okno.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

To jest małe okno.

This is a small window.

Neuter singular nominative.

Okno jest otwarte.

The window is open.

Adjective 'otwarte' matches neuter 'okno'.

Gdzie jest okno?

Where is the window?

Simple question structure.

Otwórz okno, proszę.

Open the window, please.

Imperative mood.

To okno jest brudne.

This window is dirty.

Demonstrative pronoun 'to' (neuter).

Widzę okno.

I see the window.

Accusative case (same as nominative for neuter).

Mama myje okno.

Mom is washing the window.

Subject-Verb-Object.

To jest moje okno.

This is my window.

Possessive pronoun 'moje' (neuter).

Siedzę przy oknie.

I am sitting by the window.

Locative case after 'przy'.

Popatrz przez okno!

Look through the window!

Accusative case after 'przez'.

W moim pokoju są dwa okna.

There are two windows in my room.

Nominative plural 'okna'.

Kwiaty stoją na oknie.

Flowers are standing on the window (sill).

Locative case after 'na'.

Nie otwieraj okna, jest zimno.

Don't open the window, it's cold.

Negative imperative with genitive object (okna).

Chcę miejsce przy oknie w pociągu.

I want a window seat on the train.

Locative case in a prepositional phrase.

Podejdź do okna.

Come to the window.

Genitive case after 'do'.

To okno nie ma firanek.

This window doesn't have curtains.

Genitive case after negation.

Muszę umyć wszystkie okna w domu.

I need to wash all the windows in the house.

Accusative plural.

Mamy dzisiaj okienko między lekcjami.

We have a gap between lessons today.

Diminutive 'okienko' used for schedule gaps.

Zminimalizuj to okno na komputerze.

Minimize this window on the computer.

Computing context.

W tym starym domu jest dużo małych okien.

In this old house, there are many small windows.

Genitive plural 'okien'.

On zawsze wyrzuca pieniądze przez okno.

He always throws money out the window.

Idiomatic usage.

Pod oknem rośnie wielkie drzewo.

A big tree grows under the window.

Instrumental case after 'pod'.

To okno wychodzi na podwórze.

This window looks out onto the courtyard.

Phrasal verb 'wychodzić na'.

Kupiłem nowe rolety na okna.

I bought new blinds for the windows.

Accusative plural after 'na'.

Okno transferowe zamyka się o północy.

The transfer window closes at midnight.

Metaphorical sports usage.

Musimy znaleźć okno pogodowe, aby zacząć wspinaczkę.

We need to find a weather window to start the climb.

Technical meteorological usage.

Wybierz okno, w którym chcesz wyświetlić obraz.

Choose the window in which you want to display the image.

Locative relative clause.

Zza okna dobiegał hałas ulicy.

The street noise was coming from behind the window.

Compound preposition 'zza' with genitive.

Te nowoczesne okna są bardzo energooszczędne.

These modern windows are very energy-efficient.

Compound adjective 'energooszczędne'.

Przez całe życie to miasto było jego oknem na świat.

All his life, this city was his window to the world.

Metaphorical expression.

Wymiana okien w całym budynku zajmie tydzień.

Replacing the windows in the whole building will take a week.

Genitive plural.

Siedział przy oknie, pogrążony w myślach.

He sat by the window, lost in thought.

Participle phrase.

Media społecznościowe to swoiste okno na życie innych ludzi.

Social media is a kind of window into other people's lives.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

Architekt zaprojektował okna pasmowe, które doświetlają całe wnętrze.

The architect designed ribbon windows that illuminate the entire interior.

Technical architectural term 'okna pasmowe'.

Jego słowa otworzyły okno możliwości dla naszej firmy.

His words opened a window of opportunity for our company.

Idiom 'okno możliwości'.

W literaturze okno często symbolizuje granicę między wolnością a niewolą.

In literature, the window often symbolizes the boundary between freedom and captivity.

Literary analysis context.

Patrząc przez pryzmat tego okna, sytuacja wygląda inaczej.

Looking through the prism of this window, the situation looks different.

Complex metaphorical structure.

Okna wystawowe luksusowych butików przyciągały tłumy.

The display windows of luxury boutiques attracted crowds.

Specific noun 'okna wystawowe'.

Wybite okno było niemym świadkiem wczorajszej bójki.

The broken window was a silent witness to yesterday's fight.

Personification 'niemy świadek'.

Należy uszczelnić okna przed nadejściem mrozów.

The windows should be sealed before the arrival of frosts.

Infinitive construction.

Koncepcja okna Overtona wyjaśnia zmiany w dyskursie publicznym.

The concept of the Overton window explains changes in public discourse.

Political science terminology.

Witrażowe okna katedry rzucały na posadzkę wielobarwne refleksy.

The cathedral's stained glass windows cast multicolored reflections on the floor.

Descriptive literary style.

Jego oczy, będące oknami duszy, zdradzały głęboki smutek.

His eyes, being the windows of the soul, betrayed deep sadness.

Appositive phrase with metaphor.

Nowoczesne biurowce to często szklane wieże bez otwieranych okien.

Modern office buildings are often glass towers without openable windows.

Critical architectural observation.

Wydarzenie to stanowiło okno, przez które mogliśmy zajrzeć w przyszłość.

This event constituted a window through which we could glimpse the future.

Complex relative clause.

Okna czasu na realizację tego projektu drastycznie się kurczą.

The time windows for the realization of this project are shrinking drastically.

Abstract temporal usage.

Subtelna gra światła w oknie zainspirowała malarza.

The subtle play of light in the window inspired the painter.

Sophisticated noun phrase.

Nawet najmniejsze okno nadziei wystarczyło, by kontynuowali walkę.

Even the smallest window of hope was enough for them to continue the fight.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

ترکیب‌های رایج

otworzyć okno

zamknąć okno

myć okna

wyglądać przez okno

miejsce przy oknie

okno dachowe

okno przeglądarki

szczelne okna

pukać do okna

rama okienna

عبارات رایج

Patrzeć przez okno

— To look through the window at what is happening outside.

Siedział i patrzył przez okno na deszcz.

Wyrzucać pieniądze przez okno

— To waste money on useless things.

Kupowanie tych gadżetów to wyrzucanie pieniędzy przez okno.

Okno na świat

— A way to see or access the wider world or new ideas.

Internet stał się naszym oknem na świat.

Okienko w grafiku

— A free slot or gap in a busy schedule.

Mam małe okienko o czternastej, możemy się spotkać.

Okno pogodowe

— A short period of good weather amidst bad conditions.

Czekamy na okno pogodowe, by wejść na szczyt.

Podejść do okienka

— To go to a service counter (e.g., at a bank).

Proszę podejść do okienka numer dwa.

Okno transferowe

— The period when sports teams can trade players.

Okno transferowe kończy się jutro.

Wyskoczyć przez okno

— To jump out of a window (literally or figuratively in a hurry).

Złodziej wyskoczył przez okno na parterze.

Okno w oknie

— Picture-in-picture mode in video or software.

Włączyłem funkcję okno w oknie na telewizorze.

Siedzieć w oknie

— To sit by the window (often implying being visible to others).

Babcia zawsze siedzi w oknie i obserwuje sąsiadów.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

okno vs oko

Means 'eye'. Related etymologically but used for the body part.

okno vs szyba

Means 'pane'. Use this for the glass specifically.

okno vs drzwi

Means 'door'. Use this for walking through.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Wyrzucać pieniądze przez okno"

— To spend money recklessly or wastefully.

Jeśli nie zaczniesz oszczędzać, będziesz wyrzucać pieniądze przez okno.

informal

"Okno na świat"

— A source of information or a means of contact with the rest of the world.

Dla wielu ludzi telewizja to jedyne okno na świat.

neutral

"Okno możliwości"

— A limited period during which an action can be taken that will lead to a desired outcome.

To nasze okno możliwości, musimy działać teraz.

formal

"Wchodzić oknem, gdy drzwi są zamknięte"

— To be persistent or find an alternative way to achieve a goal when the standard way is blocked.

On jest taki uparty, że wejdzie oknem, jeśli zamkniesz mu drzwi.

informal

"Okno życia"

— A place (usually at a convent) where mothers can safely and anonymously leave their newborns.

W naszym mieście otwarto nowe okno życia.

neutral

"Okna duszy"

— A poetic term for eyes, suggesting they reveal a person's inner self.

Mówią, że oczy są oknami duszy.

literary

"Okno wystawowe"

— Something used to show off or represent a larger entity.

Ta wystawa to okno wystawowe naszej kultury.

neutral

"Mieć okienko"

— To have a gap in one's schedule, typically at school or university.

Mam dzisiaj okienko, idziemy na obiad?

informal

"Okno Overtona"

— The range of policies acceptable to the mainstream population at a given time.

Okno Overtona przesunęło się w stronę bardziej radykalnych rozwiązań.

academic

"Patrzeć przez różowe okno"

— A variation of 'looking through rose-colored glasses' (though 'różowe okulary' is more common).

Ona patrzy na świat przez różowe okno.

informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

okno vs okiennica

Similar root.

Means 'shutter' (the wooden cover outside).

Zamknij okiennice przed burzą.

okno vs okienko

Diminutive form.

Means 'service counter' or 'schedule gap'.

Podejdź do okienka.

okno vs parapet

Related to windows.

Means 'windowsill'.

Kwiaty stoją na parapecie.

okno vs witryna

Type of window.

Specific to shops or display cases.

Witryna jest oświetlona.

okno vs świetlik

Type of window.

Specific to roof windows.

Świetlik wpuszcza światło z góry.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

To jest [przymiotnik] okno.

To jest duże okno.

[Czasownik] okno.

Otwórz okno.

Siedzę przy [oknie].

Siedzę przy oknie.

Patrzę przez [okno].

Patrzę przez okno.

Mam [okienko] w grafiku.

Mam okienko o dwunastej.

W pokoju jest dużo [okien].

W pokoju jest dużo okien.

[Okno] na świat.

To jest moje okno na świat.

Wybite [okno] symbolizuje...

Wybite okno symbolizuje chaos.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

okienko

okiennica

podokiennik

okiennik

فعل‌ها

oszklić

wyglądać

صفت‌ها

okienny

podokienny

bezokienny

wielookienny

مرتبط

szyba

rama

parapet

firanka

zasłona

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely frequent in everyday language.

اشتباهات رایج

duży okno → duże okno
The adjective must be neuter to match the noun.
patrzę przez oknie → patrzę przez okno
The preposition 'przez' requires the accusative case.
pięć oknów → pięć okien
The genitive plural for 'okno' is irregular with an 'e' insertion.
stoję na oknie → stoję przy oknie
'Na oknie' means standing on the glass; 'przy oknie' means by the window.
zamknij okna (singular) → zamknij okno
Don't confuse the singular 'okno' with the plural 'okna'.

نکات

Neuter Endings

Remember that almost all Polish nouns ending in -o are neuter. This makes 'okno' easy to categorize.

Diminutives

Poles love diminutives. 'Okienko' is very common, so learn it alongside 'okno'.

Holiday Cleaning

If you are in Poland before Easter, you will see everyone washing their 'okna'.

Prepositions

Use 'przy oknie' for sitting near it and 'przez okno' for looking through it.

Pure Vowels

The 'o' in 'okno' is the same at the start and end. Don't change the sound!

Software

Learning 'okno' helps with using Polish software interfaces.

Money

Don't 'wyrzucać pieniędzy przez okno' - it's a great idiom for wasting cash.

Train Views

Always ask for 'miejsce przy oknie' for the best views of the Polish countryside.

Types

Learn 'okno dachowe' if you are looking for an attic apartment.

Eye connection

Link 'oko' (eye) and 'okno' (window) to remember the word easily.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of an 'O' as the shape of a porthole (a round window). The word 'okno' starts and ends with 'o'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a giant eye (oko) looking out of a square window (okno).

شبکه واژگان

szkło widok światło rama dom otwierać zamykać myć

چالش

Try to count all the 'okna' in your room and say their color and size in Polish.

ریشه کلمه

From the Proto-Slavic *okъno, which is derived from *oko (eye).

معنای اصلی: Literally 'an eye' or 'eye-hole' for the house.

Indo-European, Slavic.

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities; 'okno' is a neutral, everyday object.

Unlike the common 'sash windows' in the UK or US, Polish windows are typically 'casement windows' that open inward.

'Okno na podwórze' (Polish title for Hitchcock's Rear Window) 'Okno' - a poem by Czesław Miłosz Microsoft Windows (translated as Okna)

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At home

Otwórz okno.
Zamknij okno.
Umyj okna.
Zasłoń okno.

On a train

Miejsce przy oknie.
Czy mogę otworzyć okno?
Okno się zacięło.
Widok z okna.

At the office

Zamknij to okno.
Otwórz nowe okno.
Przełącz okno.
Zminimalizuj okno.

At school

Mamy okienko.
Siedzieć pod oknem.
Patrzeć przez okno na lekcji.
Długie okienko.

In a shop

Witryna sklepowa.
Okno wystawowe.
Cena na oknie.
Patrzeć na wystawę.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Czy masz w pokoju duże okno?"

"Lubisz siedzieć przy oknie w samolocie czy przy przejściu?"

"Jak często myjesz okna w swoim domu?"

"Masz dzisiaj jakieś okienko w pracy?"

"Jaki masz widok z okna w sypialni?"

موضوعات نگارش

Opisz widok ze swojego ulubionego okna. Co widzisz rano, a co wieczorem?

Napisz o sytuacji, w której 'wyrzuciłeś pieniądze przez okno'. Co to było?

Czy wolisz mieć otwarte czy zamknięte okno, kiedy śpisz? Dlaczego?

Opisz, jak wyglądają okna w twoim rodzinnym domu.

Wyobraź sobie, że twoje okno jest magiczne i pokazuje inne miejsce. Gdzie chciałbyś patrzeć?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

It is neuter because it ends in '-o'. This means you use 'to okno' and 'duże okno'.

You say 'przez okno'. For example: 'Patrzę przez okno'.

The nominative plural is 'okna'. For example: 'W tym domu są trzy okna'.

It refers to a free hour or gap between classes.

The word is 'parapet'. You often put flowers 'na parapecie'.

Yes, just like in English, 'okno' refers to a program window.

The form is 'okien'. Example: 'Nie ma tu okien'.

Say: 'Poproszę o miejsce przy oknie'.

Yes, etymologically 'okno' comes from 'oko' (eye).

It is a safe place where people can leave babies they cannot care for, usually run by religious organizations.

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