Quando Usar a Voz Passiva (Relatar Notícias e Rumores)
notícias, objetividade e sem fonte.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use the reported passive to share information without naming a specific source, common in news and gossip.
- Use 'It + is/was + past participle + that' for general claims (e.g., 'It is said that...').
- Use 'Subject + is/was + past participle + to-infinitive' for specific people (e.g., 'He is thought to be...').
- Common verbs include: say, think, believe, consider, report, know, and rumor.
Overview
They say the company is opening a new branch, soa um pouco informal, como um boato de corredor.It is reported that a new branch will be opened, você assume um tom muito mais profissional e objetivo.ouvidas por aí em frases estruturadas e elegantes, conectando sempre com a forma como nós, brasileiros, expressamos essas mesmas ideias em português.Dizem que..., Acredita-se que... ou Comenta-se que....Dizem) ou a partícula apassivadora se (Diz-se). No inglês, a lógica é muito parecida, mas as estruturas são bem específicas. Esse mecanismo linguístico é usado principalmente com reporting verbs — verbos que indicam pensamento, crença, relato ou percepção.say(dizer)think(pensar/achar)believe(acreditar)know(saber/conhecer)report(relatar/noticiar)understand(entender/subentender)expect(esperar/prever)claim(alegar/afirmar)consider(considerar)
- 1A Estrutura com
It(O SujeitoDummy): Aqui, usamos oItapenas para preencher o lugar do sujeito, já que no inglês toda frase (com raras exceções) precisa de um sujeito. É o equivalente direto ao nossoDiz-se que...ouAcredita-se que....
It is said that coffee is good for health. (Diz-se que café faz bem para a saúde).- 1A Estrutura com o Sujeito da Informação: Esta é a que costuma dar mais «nó» na cabeça dos brasileiros. Em vez de começar com
It, começamos com o tópico principal da notícia.
Coffee is said to be good for health. (O café é dito ser bom para a saúde — embora em português soe melhor traduzir como Dizem que o café faz bem...).
It is believed that... | Acredita-se que... / A gente acredita que... |He is thought to be... | Acham que ele é... / Ele é tido como... |It was reported that... | Foi noticiado que... / Noticiaram que... |The project is expected to... | Espera-se que o projeto... / A expectativa é que o projeto... |It + passive reporting verb + that + clause- Passo 1: Comece com
It. - Passo 2: Use o verbo
to beno tempo correto (presente, passado, etc.) + o Particípio Passado do verbo de relato. - Passo 3: Adicione
thate a informação completa (sujeito + verbo + complemento).
- Presente:
It is known that the Amazon rainforest is vital.(Sabe-se que a floresta amazônica é vital). - Passado:
It was thought that the world was flat.(Pensava-se que o mundo era plano). - Present Perfect:
It has been reported that the strike is over.(Foi relatado/Tem sido relatado que a greve acabou).
Subject + passive reporting verb + to + infinitiveto + verbo | Ação acontece no presente ou futuro em relação ao relato. | She is said to live in London. (Dizem que ela mora em Londres) |to be + -ing | Ação está acontecendo no momento do relato. | They are thought to be working on a secret project. (Acham que eles estão trabalhando em um projeto secreto) |to have + particípio | Ação aconteceu *antes* do momento do relato. | The thief is believed to have escaped through the window. (Acredita-se que o ladrão fugiu pela janela) |to be + particípio | A ação relatada sofre a ação. | The bridge is expected to be finished next year. (Espera-se que a ponte seja finalizada no ano que vem) |Ele é dito ter fugido. A gente prefere
Dizem que ele fugiu. Por isso, quando você usa o
Subject + to + infinitive em inglês, você soa muito mais avançado e fluente!Mas por que eu não posso simplesmente dizer. Poder, você pode, mas o contexto muda tudo. Vamos ver as situações reais do dia a dia onde a voz passiva de relato brilha:People say...ouThey say...?
- No Trabalho (Contexto Corporativo): Imagine que há um rumor de que o bônus de fim de ano será maior.
They say we're getting a bigger bonus. (Parece conversa de café).It is expected that bonuses will be increased this year. (Soa como uma análise baseada em fatos ou previsões oficiais).- Em Notícias e Jornalismo: Os jornalistas usam isso o tempo todo para evitar processos ou para não assumir a responsabilidade total por uma informação que ainda não foi 100% confirmada.
The suspect is alleged to have stolen over a million dollars. (Alega-se que o suspeito roubou mais de um milhão de dólares). O uso de alleged protege o veículo de notícias.- Discussões Acadêmicas ou Científicas: Para apresentar fatos que são aceitos pela comunidade científica.
It is widely understood that climate change affects biodiversity. (É amplamente entendido que as mudanças climáticas afetam a biodiversidade).- Redes Sociais e Fofocas de Celebridades: Mesmo em contextos menos formais, se você quiser dar um ar de
mistérioou fofoca de tabloide.
The couple is rumored to be breaking up. (Há rumores de que o casal está se separando).- Situações de App (Uber/iFood): Se houver um problema sistêmico.
It is reported that the app is experiencing technical difficulties. (Relata-se que o aplicativo está passando por dificuldades técnicas).It no início da fraseDiz-se que... ou Parece que.... No inglês, a frase não pode começar com o verbo Is.- Errado:
Is said that he is rich. - Correto:
It is said that he is rich. - Por que acontece: Em português temos sujeitos ocultos ou inexistentes. No inglês, o
Ité obrigatório comosujeito dummy(sujeito fantoche).
Dizem que literalmente como They say that... em contextos formaisThey say esteja correto gramaticalmente, ele soa muito vago. Quem são eles? No trabalho ou em um relatório, prefira a passiva.- Melhorar:
They say the economy is growing.→The economy is reported to be growing.
Para eles *fazerem*, Por nós *termos*). No inglês, o infinitivo nunca muda, ele é sempre
to + verbo base (ou as variações to have, to be).- Errado:
They are thought to havem finished.(Tentando conjugar o infinitivo). - Correto:
They are thought to have finished.
to no segundo padrão- Errado:
He is believed lives in Miami. - Correto:
He is believed to live in Miami.
People believe that he is a genius. | It is believed that he is a genius. | He is believed to be a genius. |Journalists report that the Queen is ill. | It is reported that the Queen is ill. | The Queen is reported to be ill. |Scientists think the cure exists. | It is thought that the cure exists. | The cure is thought to exist. |- A Ativa é usada quando você quer dizer exatamente quem pensa aquilo (ex: os cientistas, os moradores, os especialistas).
- O Padrão 1 (
It is...) é excelente para introduzir um parágrafo ou uma ideia geral. - O Padrão 2 (
Subject is...) é o mais elegante e é muito usado quando já estamos falando daquela pessoa ou objeto e queremos adicionar uma informação extra sobre o que pensam dela.
eat ou run nessa estrutura impessoal. Você não diz It is eaten that... para relatar uma notícia.It is said that... e It is told that...?Say e Tell têm regras diferentes. Say foca na mensagem, enquanto Tell foca em para quem a mensagem é dita.is said. O is told exigiria que alguém tivesse contado para outra pessoa específica (I was told that...), o que já muda o sentido de conhecimento geral para uma informação que você recebeu individualmente.that é obrigatório no Padrão 1?that: It is said he is rich. Porém, em contextos de nível B1 e em escritas mais formais (onde essa gramática é mais comum), recomendo fortemente que você use o that. Ele ajuda a organizar a frase e a torná-la mais clara para quem ouve.The results are expected to be ready by Friday), ela é onipresente. Praticar essas formas vai te tirar do inglês básicoe te dar a autoridade de um falante de nível intermediário de verdade.
Reporting Verb Structures
| Structure Type | Subject | Passive Reporting Verb | Connector/Infinitive | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Impersonal
|
It
|
is said / was believed
|
that + clause
|
It is said that he is kind.
|
|
Personal (Present)
|
He / She / They
|
is thought / are known
|
to + infinitive
|
He is thought to be kind.
|
|
Personal (Past)
|
The suspect
|
is alleged
|
to have + past participle
|
He is alleged to have stolen it.
|
|
Personal (Continuous)
|
The team
|
is reported
|
to be + -ing
|
They are reported to be winning.
|
|
Negative Impersonal
|
It
|
is not expected
|
that + clause
|
It is not expected that they win.
|
|
Question Personal
|
Is
|
he known
|
to be + adjective
|
Is he known to be reliable?
|
Meanings
A grammatical structure used to report opinions, rumors, or facts when the specific source of the information is unknown, unimportant, or needs to be distanced from the speaker.
Impersonal Reporting
Using 'It' as a dummy subject to introduce a general belief or news item.
“It is reported that the strike will end tomorrow.”
“It was thought that the earth was flat.”
Personal Subject Reporting
Focusing on a specific person or thing as the subject of the rumor or belief.
“The CEO is said to be resigning next month.”
“The painting is believed to be a forgery.”
Past Reporting
Reporting something that was believed in the past but may not be now.
“He was known to be a difficult boss.”
“It was alleged that he stole the money.”
Reference Table
| Verbo de Relato | Padrão 1: 'It is/was/has been...' + oração com that | Padrão 2: 'Subject is/was/has been...' + to + infinitivo |
|---|---|---|
|
Say
|
`It is said that she's a genius.`
|
`She is said to be a genius.`
|
|
Believe
|
`It is believed that the plan will work.`
|
`The plan is believed to work.`
|
|
Think
|
`It is thought that he quit.`
|
`He is thought to have quit.`
|
|
Report
|
`It was reported that the road is closed.`
|
`The road was reported to be closed.`
|
|
Know
|
`It is known that dogs love walks.`
|
`Dogs are known to love walks.`
|
|
Expect
|
`It is expected that prices will rise.`
|
`Prices are expected to rise.`
|
|
Understand
|
`It is understood that she resigned.`
|
`She is understood to have resigned.`
|
|
Claim
|
`It is claimed that the product works.`
|
`The product is claimed to work.`
|
Espectro de formalidade
It is widely considered that the company is facing insolvency. (Business discussion)
The company is thought to be failing. (Business discussion)
Word is the company is going under. (Business discussion)
People are saying the company is toast. (Business discussion)
Voz Passiva para Relato: Quando Usar
Estruturas Chave
- `It is said that...` Afirmações gerais
- `Subject is believed to...` Foco na pessoa/coisa
Por que Usar?
- Fonte desconhecida Quem disse? Não é importante.
- Tom formal Objetivo, acadêmico, notícias
- Evitar responsabilidade Compartilhando rumores, fofocas
- Foco na informação O que é relatado é crucial
Verbos Comuns
- `say` É dito
- `believe` é acreditado
- `think` é pensado
- `report` foi relatado
- `expect` é esperado
Estruturas de Relato Passivo: 'It is...' vs. 'Subject is...'
Escolhendo a Estrutura de Relato Passivo Certa
Você quer relatar um fato ou situação geral?
Você quer relatar algo sobre uma pessoa ou coisa específica?
A ação relatada acontece ao mesmo tempo que o verbo de relato, ou no futuro?
A ação relatada aconteceu ANTES do verbo de relato?
Verbos de Relato Passivo e Seus Usos
Opinião Geral
- • `It is said...`
- • `It is believed...`
- • `It is thought...`
Relato Formal
- • `It is reported...`
- • `It is understood...`
- • `It is alleged...`
Expectativas
- • `It is expected...`
- • `He is expected to...`
Fatos Conhecidos
- • `It is known...`
- • `She is known to...`
Exemplos por nível
People say he is rich.
People say he is rich.
They say it is a good movie.
They say it is a good movie.
Everyone says the food is great.
Everyone says the food is great.
My friends say she is nice.
My friends say she is nice.
It is said that he is a hero.
It is said that he is a hero.
It is known that the sun is hot.
It is known that the sun is hot.
It is thought that they are happy.
It is thought that they are happy.
Is it said that the party is at 8?
Is it said that the party is at 8?
The company is expected to grow this year.
The company is expected to grow this year.
It is reported that the road is closed.
It is reported that the road is closed.
He is believed to have stolen the car.
He is believed to have stolen the car.
The team is thought to be the best in the league.
The team is thought to be the best in the league.
The suspect is alleged to have fled the country.
The suspect is alleged to have fled the country.
It is widely assumed that the tax will increase.
It is widely assumed that the tax will increase.
The ruins are considered to be over 2,000 years old.
The ruins are considered to be over 2,000 years old.
She is understood to be working on a new book.
She is understood to be working on a new book.
The policy is rumored to be under review by the committee.
The policy is rumored to be under review by the committee.
It is contended that the data was misinterpreted.
It is contended that the data was misinterpreted.
He is reputed to have been the finest architect of his generation.
He is reputed to have been the finest architect of his generation.
The species was previously thought to have been extinct.
The species was previously thought to have been extinct.
The document is purported to be the original treaty.
The document is purported to be the original treaty.
It is held by many scholars that the text is a later addition.
It is held by many scholars that the text is a later addition.
The CEO is rumored to have been ousted in a boardroom coup.
The CEO is rumored to have been ousted in a boardroom coup.
The findings are expected to be met with significant skepticism.
The findings are expected to be met with significant skepticism.
Fácil de confundir
Learners often use 'They say' when 'It is said' would be more appropriate for the formal context.
Mixing 'He is said that...' and 'It is said to...'.
Confusing 'He is said to have...' with 'He had his hair cut'.
Erros comuns
He says that he is rich.
People say he is rich.
It says that it will rain.
It is said that it will rain.
He is said that he is a genius.
He is said to be a genius.
The thief is believed escaped.
The thief is believed to have escaped.
It is alleged him to be the killer.
He is alleged to be the killer.
Padrões de frases
It is ___ that ___.
___ is/are thought to ___.
___ is said to have ___.
It was once believed that ___.
Real World Usage
It is reported that the ceasefire has been signed.
She is rumored to be getting a promotion.
The theory is considered to be outdated.
The suspect is believed to be armed and dangerous.
The temple is said to have been built in a single night.
The new iPhone is expected to have a better camera.
Foco na Informação, Não na Fonte
It keeps the spotlight squarely on the information itself.
Cuidado com Seus Infinitivos!
to go) ou um infinitivo perfeito/contínuo (to have gone, to be going). Não esqueça o 'be' para ações contínuas ou 'have' para ações passadas! É uma pegadinha comum, então revise suas construções com 'to'. Por exemplo: "Don't forget be for continuous actions or have for past actions!"O Básico de Notícias e Fofocas
Your inner journalist will thank you!
Tom Formal em Inglês
Smart Tips
Start your sentences with 'It is reported that...' or 'It is understood that...'.
Use 'He is rumored to...' to share a secret without sounding like you are the one who started it.
Use 'It is widely considered that...' instead of 'Many people think...'.
Remember that 'to have' means the action happened *before* the rumor started.
Pronúncia
Stress on the Reporting Verb
In the reported passive, the main stress usually falls on the past participle of the reporting verb (said, thought, believed).
The 'to' reduction
In the personal subject structure, the word 'to' is often reduced to a weak 'tuh' sound.
Falling intonation for facts
It is known that the earth is round. ↘
Conveys certainty and finality.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Remember 'IT' for 'Information Total' (It is said that...) and 'S' for 'Specific Subject' (She is said to...).
Associação visual
Imagine a news anchor behind a desk. When they look at the camera and say 'It is reported...', they are talking to everyone. When they point to a photo of a celebrity and say 'He is rumored...', they are focusing on that person.
Rhyme
If you don't know who said the word, use the passive to be heard.
Story
A detective arrives at a crime scene. He doesn't know who the thief is. He tells the press, 'It is believed that the thief entered through the window.' Later, when they find a suspect, he says, 'The suspect is thought to have hidden the jewels.'
Word Web
Desafio
Write three rumors about your favorite celebrity using 'is said to', 'is rumored to', and 'is thought to'.
Notas culturais
Journalists use 'alleged' or 'it is reported' to avoid lawsuits. If they say 'He is a thief' and it's not proven, they can be sued. If they say 'He is alleged to be a thief,' they are just reporting a claim.
British news (like the BBC) uses the reported passive very frequently to maintain a tone of 'impartiality' and 'stiff upper lip' objectivity.
In universities, using 'I think' is often discouraged. Students are taught to use 'It is argued that' or 'It is considered' to make their writing sound more scientific.
The use of the passive voice for distancing comes from Latin legal and academic traditions, which heavily influenced Middle English.
Iniciadores de conversa
What is a famous rumor about a celebrity that is said to be true?
It is reported that robots will take many jobs. What do you think?
Is there a place in your city that is thought to be haunted?
What are some things that were once believed to be true but are now known to be false?
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
It ___ that the new student is from Canada.
Find and fix the mistake:
The app is said to being updated next week.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Choose the correct sentence:
Score: /4
Exercicios praticos
8 exercisesIt is _______ (believe) that the company will close next year.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
The thief is thought to escaped through the window.
People say that he lives in New York. -> He _______.
1. People think she is rich. 2. People thought she was rich.
We can use the verb 'want' in the reported passive structure (e.g., 'It is wanted that...').
A: Did you hear about the CEO? B: Yes, she is rumored _______ resigning.
Verbs: say, eat, believe, run, report, sleep.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe new restaurant ___ to open next month.
It is believed the ancient text existed for centuries.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Se informa que el concierto fue un éxito.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the beginnings with the correct endings:
The celebrity is understood ___ in secret for months.
Many students are expected to will attend the orientation.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the reporting verbs with their correct infinitive forms:
Score: /12
Perguntas frequentes (8)
No, only verbs related to saying, thinking, or believing (e.g., `say`, `think`, `believe`, `report`, `know`). You can't say `It is eaten that...`.
They mean the same thing, but 'It is said that' focuses on the whole idea, while 'He is said to' focuses on the person.
It's more common in formal speaking (like news) or when sharing rumors. In casual talk, we usually say `I heard that...` or `They say...`.
Use `to have + past participle`. For example: `He is said to have left` means people say he left in the past.
To protect themselves legally. It shows they are reporting a claim, not stating a proven fact.
Yes! `It was said that...` means people used to say it, but maybe they don't anymore.
Yes, but `Rumor has it` is an idiomatic expression, while `It is rumored that` is a standard passive structure.
Mixing the two forms, like saying `He is said that he is...`. Remember: `It` + `that`, `He` + `to`.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Se dice que...
Spanish lacks the personal subject + passive + to-infinitive structure.
On dit que...
French uses an active subject 'on' instead of a passive 'it'.
Man sagt, dass...
German uses 'man' or 'es wird' rather than personal subject passives.
...to iwarete iru
Japanese word order is different, but the logic of using a passive verb is very similar.
Yuqālu 'anna...
Arabic usually keeps the verb at the start of the sentence.
Jùshuō (据说)
Chinese doesn't use a 'passive' verb form because Chinese verbs don't conjugate for voice.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Vídeos relacionados
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