خسته بودن 30秒了解
- Khaste budan means 'to be tired' and is used for both physical and mental exhaustion in Persian.
- It is a compound verb where 'khaste' is the adjective and 'budan' is conjugated.
- The phrase 'Khaste nabashi' is a crucial cultural greeting used to acknowledge someone's hard work.
- Commonly confused with 'khaste shodan' (to get tired) or 'khaste konandeh' (tiring).
The Persian compound verb خسته بودن (khaste budan) is the primary way to express the state of being tired, weary, or exhausted in the Persian language. At its core, it consists of the adjective khaste (tired) and the auxiliary verb budan (to be). While the English translation 'to be tired' is accurate, the cultural weight and frequency of use in Persian-speaking societies are significantly higher due to the social rituals surrounding work and effort. In Persian culture, acknowledging someone's fatigue is not just a statement of fact; it is a profound gesture of respect and empathy. When you see someone working, even if they don't look physically exhausted, using the derivative greeting 'Khaste nabashi' (May you not be tired) is a mandatory social lubricant. This verb covers everything from the mild sleepiness one feels after a long movie to the deep, bone-weary exhaustion following a day of manual labor or intense emotional stress.
- Physical Exhaustion
- This is the most common usage, referring to the body's need for rest after physical exertion like exercise, walking, or working in the garden.
من بعد از دویدن در پارک خیلی خسته هستم.
- Mental Weariness
- Used when one is 'tired' of a situation, a person, or a repetitive task that has drained their mental energy.
او از گوش دادن به دروغهای آنها خسته است.
- Social Recognition
- The state of being tired is often the subject of polite inquiry. Asking 'Are you tired?' (Khaste hasti?) is a way to show you care about the other person's well-being.
آیا شما از سفر خسته هستید؟
ببخشید، من کمی خستهام و باید بخوابم.
Furthermore, 'khaste budan' is used in formal literature to describe a soul that is weary of the world. It transcends simple biology and enters the realm of philosophy. When a poet says they are 'khaste', they might be referring to a spiritual fatigue that no amount of sleep can cure. For a beginner, however, focusing on the physical aspect is key. You will use this word every day, whether you are talking to your teacher, your boss, or your friends. It is a safe, versatile, and essential part of the A1 Persian vocabulary. Understanding the nuances of this verb will help you navigate social interactions with more grace, as you learn to recognize and validate the effort of those around you.
مادرم همیشه بعد از آشپزی خسته بود.
Using خسته بودن correctly requires an understanding of how compound verbs function in Persian. The adjective 'khaste' remains static, while the verb 'budan' (to be) changes to match the subject and the tense. In the present tense, we use the present stems of 'budan' (hast-). In the past tense, we use 'bud-'. Because Persian is a pro-drop language, the subject pronoun (like 'man' for I) is often omitted because the verb ending already tells us who is tired. This makes the language efficient but requires learners to memorize the endings carefully. Let's look at the patterns of usage across different contexts and grammatical structures to ensure you can use this verb fluently.
- Present Tense Conjugation
- I am tired: (Man) khaste hastam. You are tired: (To) khaste hasti. He/She is tired: (Ou) khaste ast. We are tired: (Ma) khaste hastim. You (plural/formal) are tired: (Shoma) khaste hastid. They are tired: (Anha) khaste hastand.
ما امروز به خاطر ترافیک خیلی خسته هستیم.
- Past Tense Usage
- To describe how you felt earlier. 'I was tired yesterday' becomes 'Man diruz khaste budam'. This is essential for storytelling and explaining past events.
بچهها بعد از بازی در حیاط خسته بودند.
- Negative Forms
- To say you are NOT tired, add 'ni-' to the present or 'na-' to the past. 'Khaste nistam' (I am not tired) or 'Khaste nabudam' (I was not tired).
من اصلاً خسته نیستم، بیا ادامه بدهیم.
او از تنهایی خسته بود.
In addition to these basic forms, 'khaste budan' can be used in the subjunctive mood to express possibilities or desires. For example, 'Momken ast khaste basham' (It is possible that I am tired). This level of complexity is usually reached at A2 or B1, but knowing that the 'budan' part is the only part that changes will simplify your learning process. Always remember that 'khaste' is the adjective, so it doesn't take plural markers like '-ha' when referring to multiple people; the verb ending handles the plurality. 'Ma khaste hastim' is correct, never 'Ma khaste-ha hastim'. Mastering this distinction is a hallmark of a good Persian learner.
اگر خسته هستید، میتوانید کمی استراحت کنید.
You will hear خسته بودن in almost every corner of Iranian life. It is ubiquitous because Iranians are culturally attuned to the concept of effort and the resulting fatigue. In the workplace, it is the standard way to describe the end of a shift. In the home, it is how family members greet each other after a long day. Even in the digital world, on social media, people post about being 'khaste' to signal they need a break or are overwhelmed by news. The word is not just a biological descriptor; it is a social currency used to build rapport and show that you understand the struggles of others. Let's explore specific environments where this word is most prevalent.
- The Iranian Workplace
- In offices, shops, or construction sites, workers frequently mention being 'khaste' to their colleagues. It often precedes a tea break. 'Khaste-am, yek chaee bokhorim' (I'm tired, let's have a tea).
کارمندان بعد از جلسه طولانی بسیار خسته بودند.
- At Home with Family
- When a parent returns from work, the children might say 'Baba/Maman khaste nashi' (Dad/Mom, don't be tired). The parent might respond, 'Khaste-am vali khosh-halam' (I'm tired but happy).
امروز خیلی کار کردم و واقعاً خستهام.
- Educational Settings
- Students often complain about being 'khaste' from studying for exams. Teachers might ask, 'Khaste shodid?' (Did you get tired?) to check if the class needs a break.
دانشآموزان از امتحان ریاضی خیلی خسته بودند.
ورزشکار بعد از تمرین سنگین خسته بود.
Finally, you will hear this in the context of travel. Iran is a large country, and long bus or car rides are common. Travelers arriving at their destination will almost always be asked if they are 'khaste'. The response is usually a polite 'Khastegi-ye safar ast' (It's just the tiredness of the trip), which downplays the exhaustion to be a good guest. Understanding these contexts allows you to not only use the word but to understand the social expectations that come with it. It is a word that bridges the gap between a physical sensation and a social performance of politeness and endurance.
راننده تاکسی از رانندگی در شب خسته است.
Learning خسته بودن seems straightforward, but English speakers often fall into several traps due to the differences in how 'tired' is handled in both languages. The most frequent error involves confusing 'being tired' with 'tiring' or 'getting tired'. Because Persian uses compound verbs, the choice of the auxiliary verb (the 'budan' part) completely changes the meaning. Another common mistake is related to the word order and the use of prepositions. Let's break down these pitfalls so you can avoid them and sound like a native speaker from the start.
- Confusing 'Budan' and 'Kardan'
- In English, 'I am tired' uses 'to be'. In Persian, 'Khaste budan' is correct. However, some learners say 'Khaste mikonam', which actually means 'I am making [someone else] tired'. Always use 'hastam/budam' for your own state.
Incorrect: من کار را خسته میکنم. (I tire the work.)
Correct: من از کار خسته هستم. (I am tired of work.)
- State vs. Process
- Learners often use 'khaste budan' when they should use 'khaste shodan' (to become tired). If you want to say 'I got tired during the walk', use 'shodam'. Use 'budam' only for the state of being.
Incorrect: ما خستهها هستیم.
Correct: ما خسته هستیم.
- Adjective vs. Verb
- Sometimes learners use 'khaste konandeh' (tiring) when they mean 'khaste' (tired). 'In kar khaste ast' means 'This work is tired' (nonsensical), whereas 'In kar khaste konandeh ast' means 'This work is tiring'.
Incorrect: این فیلم خسته است.
Correct: این فیلم خسته کننده است.
من امروز خسته هستم (Correct).
من امروز خستهی هستم (Incorrect).
Lastly, be careful with the intensity. In English, we say 'very tired'. In Persian, you use 'kheyli khaste'. Some learners try to use 'besiyar' in casual conversation, which sounds too formal. Stick to 'kheyli' or 'vaghe'an' (really) for everyday use. Also, ensure you don't confuse 'khaste' with 'khosh-hal' (happy) or 'tashne' (thirsty) just because they end in the same sound. Practice the 'kh' sound at the beginning of 'khaste' to ensure you aren't saying 'haste' (core/pit), which would change the meaning entirely!
آنها واقعاً از پیادهروی خسته بودند.
While خسته بودن is the standard term, Persian is rich with synonyms that describe different shades of exhaustion. Depending on whether you are physically destroyed, mentally drained, or just slightly sleepy, you might choose a different word. Knowing these alternatives will help you express yourself more precisely and understand native speakers when they use more colorful language. Some of these are informal, while others are more literary or specific to certain types of fatigue. Let's compare 'khaste' with its closest relatives in the Persian lexicon.
- Koofteh (کوفته)
- This literally means 'pounded' or 'crushed'. Use this when your body feels sore and beaten after extreme physical work. It's much stronger than just 'khaste'.
بدنم بعد از اسبابکشی کوفته است.
- Bi-hal (بیحال)
- This means 'without state' or 'lethargic'. It describes a lack of energy or enthusiasm, often when you're feeling a bit sick or just unmotivated.
امروز حوصله ندارم، کمی بیحال هستم.
- Manda (مانده)
- A more formal or dialectal way to say tired, often used in the phrase 'Manda nabashi' (the equivalent of 'Khaste nabashi' in some regions or older Persian).
مسافر از راه دور مانده بود.
بعد از کوهنوردی واقعاً هلاک بودیم.
In summary, while 'khaste budan' is your go-to phrase, keep 'koofteh' for physical pain, 'bi-hal' for low energy, and 'halak' for when you're completely spent. In a formal setting, you might hear 'farsudeh' (worn out/eroded), but that is usually reserved for objects or long-term psychological states. By expanding your vocabulary to include these synonyms, you can paint a much more vivid picture of your physical and mental state, allowing for deeper connections with Persian speakers who value the expression of feelings and states of being.
ذهنم از این همه فکر فرسوده شده است.
How Formal Is It?
"جناب عالی خسته به نظر میرسید."
"او از پیادهروی خسته بود."
"خیلی خستهام، میخوام بخوابم."
"عروسکم خسته شده و میخواد بخوابه."
"داداش، بدجوری بریدم و خستهام."
趣味小知识
Because 'khaste' originally meant 'wounded', in some classical Persian texts, you might find it used to describe a physical injury rather than just feeling sleepy or tired. This gives the word a much more dramatic historical weight than its English equivalent.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'h' (saying 'haste' instead of 'khaste').
- Making the final 'e' in 'khaste' sound like 'ee' (saying 'khasti').
- Stress on the final syllable of 'budan'.
- Not pronouncing the 'n' at the end of 'budan' clearly.
- Confusing the short 'a' in 'khaste' with a long 'aa'.
难度评级
The word is easy to recognize in its simple form.
Requires remembering the 'kh' and the silent 'h' at the end of 'khaste'.
The 'kh' sound can be tricky for English speakers.
Very common word, easy to pick out in conversation.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Compound Verb Structure
In 'khaste budan', only 'budan' is conjugated. 'Khaste' remains unchanged.
Pro-drop in Persian
You can say 'Khaste-am' instead of 'Man khaste hastam'.
Present vs. Past
'Khaste hastam' (I am tired) vs. 'Khaste budam' (I was tired).
Negation
Add 'ni-' to 'hastam' to get 'nistam' (I am not tired).
Preposition 'Az'
Use 'az' to say what you are tired of: 'Az ترافیک خستهام'.
按水平分级的例句
من خسته هستم.
I am tired.
Present tense, 1st person singular.
آیا تو خسته هستی؟
Are you tired?
Question form, 2nd person singular.
او خسته نیست.
He/She is not tired.
Negative present tense.
ما خیلی خسته هستیم.
We are very tired.
Use of 'kheyli' for emphasis.
آنها خسته هستند.
They are tired.
3rd person plural.
شما خسته هستید؟
Are you (plural/formal) tired?
Formal/plural form.
من کمی خستهام.
I am a little tired.
Colloquial contraction '-am'.
خسته نباشی!
Don't be tired! (Greeting)
Fixed idiomatic greeting.
دیروز خیلی خسته بودم.
I was very tired yesterday.
Past tense, 1st person singular.
چرا خسته بودی؟
Why were you tired?
Past tense question.
ما از پیادهروی خسته بودیم.
We were tired from the walk.
Past tense with 'az' (from).
او از کار خسته نبود.
He was not tired of work.
Negative past tense.
بچهها خسته بودند و خوابیدند.
The children were tired and slept.
Compound sentence in the past.
آیا شما قبلاً خسته بودید؟
Were you tired before?
Past tense formal.
من اصلاً خسته نبودم.
I wasn't tired at all.
Use of 'aslan' (at all).
او همیشه بعد از مدرسه خسته بود.
He was always tired after school.
Habitual past state.
اگر خسته هستی، استراحت کن.
If you are tired, rest.
Conditional sentence.
فکر میکنم او خسته باشد.
I think he might be tired.
Subjunctive mood.
من از این وضعیت خسته شدهام.
I have become tired of this situation.
Present perfect tense.
نباید خسته باشی، چون تازه بیدار شدی.
You shouldn't be tired, because you just woke up.
Negative subjunctive with 'nabayad'.
او میخواست بداند که آیا ما خسته هستیم.
He wanted to know if we were tired.
Indirect question.
با وجود اینکه خسته بود، به کار ادامه داد.
Despite being tired, he continued working.
Concessive clause with 'ba vojud-e inke'.
شاید آنها از سفر خسته باشند.
Perhaps they are tired from the trip.
Use of 'shayad' (perhaps) with subjunctive.
من از انتظار خسته هستم.
I am tired of waiting.
Abstract use of 'khaste budan'.
او به قدری خسته بود که بلافاصله خوابش برد.
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
Result clause with 'be ghadri... ke'.
به نظر میرسد که از زندگی در شهر خسته شدهای.
It seems that you have become tired of living in the city.
Present perfect with 'be nazar miresad'.
خسته بودن در این سن طبیعی است.
Being tired at this age is natural.
Gerund-like use of the infinitive.
او از تکرار این حرفها خسته بود.
He was tired of repeating these words.
Past tense with verbal noun.
هر چقدر هم خسته باشی، باید این پروژه را تمام کنی.
No matter how tired you are, you must finish this project.
Concessive 'har cheghadr ham'.
او مدعی بود که اصلاً خسته نیست.
He claimed that he wasn't tired at all.
Reported speech.
خستگی مفرط باعث شد که او بیمار شود.
Extreme tiredness caused him to get sick.
Noun form 'khastegi' as subject.
او از بیخوابیهای شبانه خسته بود.
He was tired of the nightly insomnia.
Plural noun with 'az'.
روحش از ناملایمات روزگار خسته بود.
His soul was weary of the hardships of the times.
Literary/Metaphorical usage.
او از اینکه مدام نادیده گرفته شود، خسته بود.
He was tired of being constantly ignored.
Passive gerund clause.
خسته بودن لزوماً به معنای تسلیم شدن نیست.
Being tired does not necessarily mean giving up.
Philosophical statement.
چشمان خستهاش حکایت از شبهای بیداری داشت.
His tired eyes told the story of sleepless nights.
Adjectival use in a descriptive sentence.
او از بازیهای سیاسی به شدت خسته بود.
He was intensely tired of political games.
Use of 'be sheddat' (intensely).
گویی تمام جهان از این جنگ بیپایان خسته است.
It is as if the whole world is tired of this endless war.
Use of 'gouyi' (as if).
او از تظاهر به خوشبختی خسته شده بود.
He had become tired of pretending to be happy.
Past perfect with verbal noun.
خسته بودن بخشی جداییناپذیر از مسیر موفقیت است.
Being tired is an inseparable part of the path to success.
Abstract nominalization.
در پس آن لبخند، جانی خسته نهفته بود.
Behind that smile, a weary soul was hidden.
Archaic/Literary word order.
او از تکاپوی بیحاصل برای جلب رضایت دیگران خسته بود.
He was tired of the fruitless struggle to gain others' approval.
Complex vocabulary (takapou, bi-hasel).
خسته بودن او نه از جسم، که از جان برمیخاست.
His tiredness arose not from the body, but from the soul.
Contrastive structure 'ne... ke'.
او از دیوانسالاری حاکم بر ادارات به ستوه آمده و خسته بود.
He was fed up and tired of the bureaucracy ruling the offices.
Use of 'be sotouh amadan' as a synonym.
این قلم خسته دیگر توان نوشتن از دردها را ندارد.
This tired pen no longer has the strength to write of pains.
Personification of an object.
او از کشمکشهای درونی که روحش را میخراشید، خسته بود.
He was tired of the internal conflicts that scratched his soul.
Relative clause with metaphorical verb.
خسته بودن در قاموس او جایی نداشت، تا آنکه حادثه رخ داد.
Being tired had no place in his dictionary until the accident occurred.
Idiomatic 'dar ghamous-e kasi'.
او از نقابهایی که آدمها بر چهره داشتند، خسته بود.
He was tired of the masks that people wore on their faces.
Metaphorical social critique.
常见搭配
常用短语
— A greeting used to acknowledge someone's work. It literally means 'May you not be tired'.
وقتی وارد مغازه شد، گفت: خسته نباشید!
— I got tired. Used to indicate the moment fatigue set in.
بعد از یک ساعت پیادهروی خسته شدم.
— A standard way students end a class, thanking the teacher.
دانشآموزان در پایان کلاس گفتند: خسته نباشید استاد!
— Tired eyes, often from lack of sleep or looking at screens.
او با چشمهای خسته به مانیتور نگاه کرد.
— A more enthusiastic version of 'khaste nabashi', often used for athletes or hard laborers.
مربی به کشتیگیر گفت: خسته نباشی دلاور!
容易混淆的词
This means 'to get tired' (the process), whereas 'khaste budan' is 'to be tired' (the state).
This means 'to tire someone else out'. Don't use it to describe your own feeling.
This is an adjective meaning 'tiring' or 'boring'. A movie is 'khaste konandeh', a person is 'khaste'.
习语与表达
— To rest or do something to remove tiredness (like drinking tea).
بیا یک چای بخوریم تا خستگی در کنیم.
Neutral— World-weary; cynical or depressed about the state of the world.
او مثل پیرمردهای خسته از دنیا حرف میزند.
Literary— A tired body; often used in poetry to describe the physical toll of love or work.
با تنی خسته به خانه بازگشت.
Literary— Used when someone does something very late or does something obvious.
الان یادت افتاد؟ خسته نباشی واقعاً!
Slang— Heart-weary; someone who has suffered emotional pain.
او با دلی خسته از عشق سخن میگفت.
Literary— Tired and lagging behind; unable to keep up.
اسب خسته و وامانده در راه ماند.
Formal容易混淆
Both end in the 'e' sound and describe physical states.
Tashne means thirsty, Khaste means tired.
من تشنه هستم، آب میخواهم. من خسته هستم، خواب میخواهم.
Similar structure and ending.
Gorosne means hungry.
بچهها گرسنه بودند و غذا خوردند.
Rhymes with Khaste.
Baste means closed or a package.
در بسته است. من خسته هستم.
Rhymes with Khaste.
Daste means handle, group, or bunch.
یک دسته گل. من خسته هستم.
Sounds almost identical if 'kh' is not pronounced correctly.
Haste means core, nucleus, or pit (of a fruit).
هسته زردآلو. من خسته هستم.
句型
[Subject] [Adverb] khaste [budan-present].
من خیلی خسته هستم.
[Subject] [Time] khaste [budan-past].
او دیروز خسته بود.
[Subject] az [Noun] khaste [budan-present].
ما از این فیلم خسته هستیم.
Agar [Subject] khaste [budan-subjunctive], [Action].
اگر خسته باشی، میخوابیم.
[Subject] be ghadri khaste bud ke [Result].
او به قدری خسته بود که نتوانست حرف بزند.
[Noun] khaste-ye [Subject] [Verb].
دل خستهی من آرام گرفت.
Gouyi [Subject] khaste [budan-subjunctive].
گویی تمام شهر خسته باشد.
[Subject] az [Gerund/Complex Noun] be sotouh amade va khaste bud.
او از تکرار مکررات به ستوه آمده و خسته بود.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Extremely high in daily conversation.
-
Using 'khaste kardan' for 'to be tired'.
→
Khaste budan / hastam.
'Khaste kardan' means to make someone else tired. 'Khaste hastam' means I am tired.
-
Saying 'Man khaste-ha hastam'.
→
Ma khaste hastim.
Adjectives in compound verbs do not take the plural suffix '-ha'.
-
Using 'khaste' to mean 'boring'.
→
Khaste konandeh.
'Khaste' is how a person feels. 'Khaste konandeh' is the quality of the thing that makes them feel that way.
-
Forgetting the 'az' when saying 'tired of'.
→
Az kar khaste-am.
In Persian, you are tired 'from' (az) something, not 'of' it.
-
Pronouncing it as 'haste'.
→
Khaste (with a raspy 'kh').
'Haste' means a fruit pit or a nucleus. The 'kh' is essential for the meaning 'tired'.
小贴士
The Tea Cure
In Iran, the universal cure for being 'khaste' is a hot glass of tea (Chayee). If you tell someone you are tired, expect an immediate offer of tea.
Compound Verb Logic
Remember that 'khaste' is the 'stationary' part and 'budan' is the 'moving' part of the verb. This logic applies to hundreds of Persian verbs.
The 'Kh' Sound
Don't be afraid to make the 'kh' sound raspy. If it sounds too much like an 'h', people might confuse it with other words.
Greeting Workers
Always say 'Khaste nabashid' to shopkeepers, taxi drivers, and cleaners. It is a hallmark of good manners in Iran.
Intensity Matters
Use 'kheyli' for 'very' and 'vaghe'an' for 'really'. Avoid 'besiyar' in casual talk as it sounds like a book.
Suffixes
Train your ear to hear the '-am', '-i', '-e' endings attached directly to 'khaste' in fast speech.
State vs. Action
Use 'budan' for how you feel now, and 'shodan' for how you got there. 'Khaste shodam' (I got tired) -> 'Khaste-am' (I am tired).
The Silent Heh
The 'e' at the end of 'khaste' is written with the letter 'Heh' (ه). It's a common ending for Persian adjectives.
Social Media
You'll often see the hashtag #خسته on Iranian social media to express being overwhelmed or needing a break.
Metaphors
Try using 'khaste' for non-human things in poetic contexts, like 'jadeh-ye khaste' (the tired road).
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of the word 'Haste'. If you do everything in a 'Haste', you will eventually become 'Khaste' (tired). Just add the raspy 'kh' sound at the beginning!
视觉联想
Imagine a person leaning against a wall after a long run, sweating and breathing hard. Above their head, the word 'KH-ASTE' is written in bright neon letters, flickering like their low energy.
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'Khaste nabashi' at least three times today: once to a delivery person, once to a colleague, and once to a family member. Notice their reaction!
词源
The word 'khaste' comes from the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word 'khastag', which is the past participle of 'khastan'. In Old Persian and Middle Persian, 'khastan' meant 'to wound', 'to hurt', or 'to strike'. Therefore, the original sense of being tired was being 'wounded' or 'damaged' by labor or effort.
原始含义： Wounded or injured.
Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> West Iranian -> Persian.文化背景
Be careful using 'khaste' to describe a person's appearance (e.g., 'You look tired'). In some contexts, this can be taken as a comment that they look unwell or old, much like in English.
In English, we usually only say 'I'm tired' when we are actually tired. In Persian, 'khaste budan' is often used as a polite way to end a conversation or leave a party without offending the host.
在生活中练习
真实语境
After Work
- خسته نباشید
- روز طولانی بود
- خیلی خستهام
- نیاز به استراحت دارم
Gym/Sports
- تمرین سختی بود
- پاهام خسته است
- دیگه نمیتونم
- خسته شدی؟
Travel
- پرواز طولانی بود
- خسته از راه
- کی میرسیم؟
- خیلی خسته هستیم
Studying
- مغزم خسته است
- از درس خسته شدم
- کمی استراحت کنیم؟
- امتحان سختی بود
Socializing
- ببخشید، من کمی خستهام
- شب خوش، من خستهام
- فردا حرف میزنیم
- خیلی خوش گذشت ولی خستهام
对话开场白
"امروز خیلی کار کردی، خسته نیستی؟ (You worked a lot today, aren't you tired?)"
"بعد از این همه پیادهروی، چقدر خسته هستید؟ (After all this walking, how tired are you?)"
"به نظر میرسه خسته باشی، چای میخوری؟ (You look tired, would you like some tea?)"
"چرا اینقدر خسته به نظر میرسی؟ (Why do you look so tired?)"
"من که خیلی خستهام، تو چطور؟ (I'm really tired, how about you?)"
日记主题
امروز چه کارهایی انجام دادی که باعث شد خسته باشی؟ (What things did you do today that made you tired?)
وقتی خیلی خسته هستی، بهترین راه برای استراحت چیست؟ (When you are very tired, what is the best way to rest?)
آیا تا به حال از یک موقعیت یا یک نفر خسته بودهای؟ توضیح بده. (Have you ever been tired of a situation or a person? Explain.)
تفاوت بین خستگی جسمی و خستگی روحی برای تو چیست؟ (What is the difference between physical and mental tiredness for you?)
آخرین باری که از شدت خستگی بلافاصله خوابت برد، کی بود؟ (When was the last time you fell asleep immediately due to extreme tiredness?)
常见问题
10 个问题The most casual way is 'Khaste-am'. You just add the '-am' suffix to the adjective 'khaste'.
'Khaste' is general tiredness. 'Koofteh' is when your muscles actually ache and you feel physically 'beaten' or sore.
No, you should use 'khaste konandeh'. 'In film khaste konandeh ast' means 'This film is boring/tiring'.
It's for anyone doing an effort. You can say it to a friend who just finished studying, a driver, or even someone who just finished a long story.
The most common and polite response is 'Salamat bashi' (May you be healthy) or 'Mamnoon' (Thank you).
In modern Persian, it almost exclusively means 'tired'. You would only see the 'wounded' meaning in very old poetry or historical texts.
Yes! You say 'Az dast-e to khaste-am' (I am tired of [the hands of] you/I am fed up with you).
No. Adjectives in compound verbs stay the same. Only the verb 'budan' changes. 'Ma khaste hastim' (We are tired).
'Khastegi' is the noun form, meaning 'tiredness' or 'fatigue'. You use it in phrases like 'Khastegi-ye safar' (The tiredness of the trip).
Only if you mean 'I am making [someone else] tired'. If you mean 'I am tired', you must use 'hastam'.
自我测试 200 个问题
Write a sentence saying you are tired after work.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a question asking a friend if they were tired yesterday.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a short paragraph (3 sentences) about a long trip and how you felt.
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Use 'khaste nabashi' in a dialogue between a student and a teacher.
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Write a sentence using 'khaste konandeh' to describe a book.
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Write a sentence saying you are tired of the traffic.
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Explain why you are 'bi-hal' today in two sentences.
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Write a formal sentence expressing that the employees were tired after the meeting.
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Use 'khastegi dar kardan' in a sentence about drinking tea.
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Write a poetic sentence about a 'tired heart'.
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Describe a person who looks tired using at least three adjectives.
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Write a sentence using 'khastegi-napazir'.
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Write a negative sentence in the past perfect: 'I had not been tired'.
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Translate: 'No matter how tired you are, don't give up.'
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Write a sentence about being 'tired of lies'.
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Use 'koofteh' to describe how you feel after moving furniture.
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Write a sentence with 'shayad' and 'khaste'.
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Write a sentence about a 'tired voice'.
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Describe a scene in a bazaar using 'khaste nabashi'.
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Write a sentence about being 'tired of the city'.
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Say 'I am tired' in Persian.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Greet a worker with the appropriate phrase.
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你说的：
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Ask someone 'Are you tired?'
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Say 'I was tired yesterday' in Persian.
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Say 'I am not tired at all'.
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Explain that you are tired of the traffic.
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Pronounce 'Khastegi' correctly.
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Say 'We are very tired' formally.
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Roleplay: You arrive home and tell your family you're tired.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Say 'I am tired of waiting for you'.
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Pronounce 'Khaste nabashi' with the correct stress.
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你说的：
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Say 'I think he is tired' using the subjunctive.
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Express extreme exhaustion using 'koofteh'.
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Say 'Don't make me tired' (metaphorically).
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Tell someone 'You look tired'.
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你说的：
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Say 'I'm tired of this situation'.
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你说的：
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Say 'Let's rest to get rid of the tiredness'.
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Ask 'Why are they tired?'
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Say 'I wasn't tired before the game'.
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Say 'Being tired is part of life'.
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你说的：
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Listen and transcribe: 'من خیلی خستهام'.
What did the speaker say? 'خسته نباشی دلاور!'
Identify the tense: 'آنها خسته بودند'.
Is the speaker tired? 'اصلاً خسته نیستم'.
What is the subject? 'خسته هستید؟'
Transcribe the greeting: 'خسته نباشید استاد'.
What is the cause mentioned? 'از ترافیک خستهام'.
Identify the word: 'خستگی'.
Is it a question? 'خسته بودی؟'
Transcribe: 'او کمی خسته به نظر میرسد'.
What is the feeling? 'کوفته و خستهام'.
Identify the number of people: 'ما خسته بودیم'.
What is the suggestion? 'برو بخواب، خستهای'.
Transcribe: 'خستگی در کردن'.
What is the tone? 'خسته نباشی واقعاً!' (Sarcastic)
/ 200 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'khaste budan' is a foundational A1 Persian term. Beyond just describing a physical state, it is deeply embedded in Iranian etiquette (Ta'arof). Use 'khaste-am' for 'I am tired' and 'khaste nabashi' to show respect to anyone working.
- Khaste budan means 'to be tired' and is used for both physical and mental exhaustion in Persian.
- It is a compound verb where 'khaste' is the adjective and 'budan' is conjugated.
- The phrase 'Khaste nabashi' is a crucial cultural greeting used to acknowledge someone's hard work.
- Commonly confused with 'khaste shodan' (to get tired) or 'khaste konandeh' (tiring).
The Tea Cure
In Iran, the universal cure for being 'khaste' is a hot glass of tea (Chayee). If you tell someone you are tired, expect an immediate offer of tea.
Compound Verb Logic
Remember that 'khaste' is the 'stationary' part and 'budan' is the 'moving' part of the verb. This logic applies to hundreds of Persian verbs.
The 'Kh' Sound
Don't be afraid to make the 'kh' sound raspy. If it sounds too much like an 'h', people might confuse it with other words.
Greeting Workers
Always say 'Khaste nabashid' to shopkeepers, taxi drivers, and cleaners. It is a hallmark of good manners in Iran.
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