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A2 verb #1,000 最常用 12分钟阅读

遊ぶ

asobu 前1,000

At the A1 beginner level, the verb 'asobu' (遊ぶ) is introduced as one of the most fundamental and essential action words in the Japanese language. For learners just starting their journey, the primary focus is on its most literal and direct translation: 'to play'. This meaning is heavily associated with children, toys, and playgrounds. Beginners learn to construct simple, declarative sentences to describe basic activities. The grammar at this stage involves mastering the present tense (asobu / asobimasu), the past tense (asonda / asobimashita), and the negative form (asobanai / asobimasen). Students are taught to pair the verb with the location particle 'de' (で) to say where the playing happens, such as 'kouen de asobimasu' (I play at the park). They also learn to use the accompaniment particle 'to' (と) to say who they are playing with, such as 'tomodachi to asobimasu' (I play with friends). A critical lesson at this level is understanding what 'asobu' cannot be used for. A1 learners are explicitly instructed not to use this verb for playing sports or playing musical instruments, as this is a common source of error for English speakers. Instead, they learn that sports require the verb 'suru' (to do). By focusing on these core, literal meanings and basic grammatical structures, A1 learners build a solid foundation for describing daily routines and simple recreational activities.

As learners progress to the A2 elementary level, the scope of 'asobu' expands significantly beyond the literal concept of children playing. At this stage, students are introduced to the crucial cultural nuance that adults use this verb to mean 'to hang out', 'to socialize', or 'to spend leisure time together'. This is a pivotal moment in understanding Japanese social interactions. A2 learners practice using the verb to make plans, invite friends out, and describe their weekend activities. They learn the volitional form 'asobou' (let's hang out) and the inviting negative question form 'asobimasen ka' (won't you hang out?). Furthermore, the grammatical structures become more complex. Students learn the purpose-of-motion pattern using the verb stem: 'asobi ni iku' (to go hang out) and 'asobi ni kuru' (to come hang out). This allows them to express movement toward a social event, such as 'I am going to Tokyo to hang out with friends'. They also begin to use the te-form 'asonde' to connect sentences or make requests. The focus shifts from merely describing actions to actively engaging in social communication, using 'asobu' as a key tool for building relationships and navigating casual social environments in Japanese.

At the B1 intermediate level, learners delve deeper into the nuanced and sometimes critical connotations of 'asobu'. While the A-levels focus on the positive aspects of playing and socializing, B1 introduces the concept of 'asobu' as the antithesis of work, study, or duty. Students learn that in certain contexts, particularly professional or academic ones, describing someone as 'asobu' implies that they are slacking off, being idle, or not taking their responsibilities seriously. Sentences like 'He is just playing around instead of studying' become part of the learner's repertoire. Grammatically, B1 students encounter more advanced conjugations and compound structures. They learn to use the passive form 'asobareru' (to be played with/teased) and the causative form 'asobaseru' (to let someone play). They also begin to see the verb combined with other verbs to create compound actions, such as 'asobimawaru' (to play around/wander around playing). The vocabulary expands to include related nouns like 'asobiba' (playground) and 'asobiaite' (playmate). By understanding these deeper layers of meaning and mastering more complex grammatical forms, B1 learners can express a wider range of emotions and observations regarding leisure, duty, and human behavior.

Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners are expected to handle highly nuanced, idiomatic, and metaphorical uses of 'asobu'. The word is no longer just about physical activity or social hanging out; it extends into abstract concepts and psychological states. B2 students encounter idiomatic expressions such as 'asobigokoro' (a playful spirit/sense of fun), which is often used in design, art, or business to describe a creative, non-rigid approach. They learn phrases like 'asobihanbun' (half in jest/not entirely serious), which adds subtle emotional shading to conversations. At this level, the metaphorical use of 'asobu' to describe mechanical clearance or margins is introduced. For example, learning that a steering wheel has 'asobi' (play/slack) demonstrates a sophisticated grasp of vocabulary application across different domains. Furthermore, B2 learners refine their ability to choose the perfect synonym based on context, knowing exactly when to use 'asobu' versus 'tanoshimu' (to enjoy), 'kutsurogu' (to relax), or 'fuzakeru' (to mess around). Their sentence structures become highly complex, incorporating conditional clauses, advanced relative clauses, and subtle modal expressions, allowing them to discuss the philosophy of leisure, work-life balance, and societal attitudes toward recreation in fluent, natural Japanese.

At the C1 advanced level, the mastery of 'asobu' involves a deep, intuitive understanding of its cultural, literary, and historical resonances. Learners at this stage encounter the word in complex reading materials, such as novels, essays, and journalistic articles, where it may be used to convey profound themes of human existence, freedom, or decadence. The vocabulary expands to include highly specialized or literary terms derived from the kanji 遊, such as 'yuukyuu' (遊休 - idle/unused, as in idle land or assets) or 'yuuboku' (遊牧 - nomadism). C1 students can effortlessly navigate the subtle registers of the word, understanding when 'asobi' implies innocent fun, when it suggests sophisticated adult entertainment (including nightlife or gambling), and when it denotes a philosophical state of detachment from worldly labor. They can engage in high-level debates about the role of 'asobi' in child development or its economic impact in the leisure industry. Grammatically, there are no barriers; learners can manipulate the verb through all possible conjugations, passive-causative forms, and classical grammar remnants found in modern idioms. Their usage of the word is indistinguishable from an educated native speaker, characterized by precision, elegance, and a profound awareness of context.

At the C2 mastery level, the learner possesses a native-like, encyclopedic command of 'asobu' and its entire linguistic family. This includes a comprehensive understanding of its etymological roots in Old Japanese, where it originally signified wandering or moving freely, often in a spiritual or ritualistic context (such as kami playing). C2 users can appreciate and analyze classical literature (kobun) where the verb's historical meanings are employed. They are adept at using and understanding highly obscure proverbs, regional dialects, and specialized jargon where the concept of 'asobi' is central. In contemporary usage, a C2 speaker can employ the word with razor-sharp rhetorical effect, using it sarcastically, poetically, or persuasively in high-stakes professional or academic environments. They understand the sociolinguistic implications of the word across different generations and social classes in Japan. Whether discussing the intricate 'asobi' (clearance) in precision engineering, the 'asobigokoro' required in avant-garde architecture, or the societal critique of the 'asobinin' (idler/playboy) in Edo-period literature, the C2 learner wields the word with absolute authority, demonstrating a mastery that transcends mere vocabulary and enters the realm of deep cultural fluency.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

遊ぶ 30秒了解

Means 'to play' for children and 'to hang out' for adults.
Never use it for playing sports (use suru) or instruments (use hiku).
Often paired with particles 'to' (with) and 'de' (at/using).
Can imply slacking off or not working in professional contexts.

To truly understand the Japanese verb 'asobu' (遊ぶ), one must embark on a comprehensive linguistic journey that explores its multifaceted applications in daily life, cultural nuances, and grammatical structures. The concept of 'asobu' is fundamentally different from its direct English translation, which is 'to play'. While children in English-speaking countries play with toys, and adults might play sports or play musical instruments, the Japanese equivalent operates under a distinct set of rules and cultural expectations that every learner must master to achieve fluency. When we consider the multifaceted nature of the Japanese language, we must delve deeply into the contextual applications of this specific vocabulary word. It is not merely a simple translation, but rather a complex cultural artifact that requires extensive examination to fully comprehend its usage in daily life. For young children, 'asobu' does indeed mean to play in the traditional sense. They play in the park, they play with blocks, and they play with their friends. However, as individuals grow older, the meaning of the word evolves significantly. For teenagers and adults, 'asobu' transforms into a broader term that encompasses hanging out, socializing, spending leisure time, and engaging in recreational activities that do not necessarily involve games or toys. If an adult invites another adult to 'asobu', they are likely suggesting going out for drinks, visiting a cafe, going shopping, or simply spending time together in a relaxed environment. This evolution of meaning is crucial for learners to grasp, as using the word incorrectly can lead to confusion or awkward situations.

Childhood Usage: When referring to children, it means engaging in games, using toys, or running around in a playground. It is the literal translation of the English word play.

子供たちが公園で遊ぶ.

Furthermore, the word carries an underlying connotation of not working or not studying. It represents the antithesis of labor and obligation. When someone is 'asobu-ing', they are intentionally stepping away from their responsibilities to focus on personal enjoyment and relaxation. This distinction is vital in Japanese society, where the boundary between work (shigoto) and play (asobi) is often clearly defined.

Adult Usage: For adults, the term shifts to mean socializing, going out for drinks, or spending leisure time with friends without any specific game involved.

週末は友達と遊ぶ予定です。

In addition to these primary meanings, the word can also be used in more abstract or metaphorical contexts. For example, it can describe a state of idleness or something not being used for its intended purpose. If a machine has a loose part, that part might be described as 'playing' or having too much clearance. Similarly, if someone is unemployed and not actively seeking work, they might be described as 'playing around' or being idle.

Metaphorical Usage: It can refer to margins, mechanical clearance, or resources that are currently idle and not being utilized productively.

ハンドルの遊びが大きい。

彼は毎日ブラブラ遊んでいる。

猫が毛糸で遊ぶ。

Understanding these diverse applications is the key to mastering this essential vocabulary word. By recognizing the subtle shifts in meaning based on the subject's age and the context of the situation, learners can communicate more naturally and effectively with native speakers, avoiding common pitfalls and embracing the true spirit of the language.

Mastering the grammatical integration of the verb 'asobu' into everyday Japanese sentences requires a thorough understanding of particle usage, verb conjugation, and contextual sentence structures. This section will provide an extensive overview of how to properly construct sentences using this essential vocabulary word, ensuring that learners can express themselves with confidence and accuracy. The most critical aspect of using this verb correctly is selecting the appropriate particles to accompany it. The particle 'to' (と) is used to indicate the person or animal with whom you are playing or hanging out. This is perhaps the most common particle associated with the verb, as socializing inherently involves other individuals.

Particle To (と): Used to specify the companion or partner in the activity. It translates to 'with' in English.

私は妹と遊ぶ。

Another vital particle is 'de' (で), which serves two primary functions when paired with this verb. First, it can indicate the location where the activity is taking place. Second, it can specify the tool, toy, or medium being used for the activity. Distinguishing between these two uses relies entirely on the context of the sentence.

Particle De (で) - Location: Indicates the physical place where the playing or hanging out occurs, such as a park, house, or city.

私たちは公園で遊ぶ。

Particle De (で) - Tool/Medium: Indicates the object being played with, such as a video game, cards, or a specific toy.

彼らはテレビゲームで遊ぶ。

The particle 'ni' (に) is also frequently used, specifically in the construction 'asobi ni iku' (遊びに行く) or 'asobi ni kuru' (遊びに来る). This structure translates to 'go to play' or 'come to play', but in adult contexts, it means 'go to visit' or 'come to hang out'. The verb stem 'asobi' acts as the purpose of the motion verb that follows it.

明日、私の家に遊びに来てください。

週末は東京へ遊びに行きます。

Conjugation is another critical area. As a Godan verb ending in 'bu', it follows standard conjugation rules. The negative form is 'asobanai' (遊ばない), the past tense is 'asonda' (遊んだ), and the te-form is 'asonde' (遊んで). Mastering these forms allows for complex sentence structures, such as requesting someone to play ('asonde kudasai') or expressing a desire to play ('asobitai'). By practicing these particle combinations and conjugations extensively, learners will develop a robust foundation for using this verb in a wide variety of communicative situations, from casual conversations to more structured storytelling.

The verb 'asobu' permeates almost every facet of Japanese daily life, making it one of the most frequently encountered words for anyone living in or visiting Japan. Its versatility means that you will hear it in a vast array of contexts, from the cheerful shouts of children in a neighborhood park to the hushed, polite conversations of colleagues in a corporate office. Understanding the specific environments and situations where this word is commonly used is essential for developing a natural and intuitive grasp of the language. In residential areas, parks, and schools, the word is ubiquitous. Parents use it constantly when talking to or about their children. You will hear mothers telling their toddlers to go play, teachers organizing playtime activities, and children themselves enthusiastically inviting their peers to join in a game. In these settings, the word retains its most literal and innocent meaning.

Playgrounds and Schools: The most literal usage, referring to physical play, games, and recreational activities among children.

暗くなるまで外で遊んでいいよ。

Transitioning to the world of teenagers and young adults, the context shifts dramatically. In cafes, shopping malls, university campuses, and entertainment districts like Shibuya or Shinjuku, the word is the standard term for socializing. When friends are making plans for the weekend, coordinating a meetup, or simply discussing their recent activities, this verb is the go-to expression. It replaces more formal words for meeting or socializing, creating a casual and friendly atmosphere.

Social Planning: Used extensively when arranging to meet friends, go on casual outings, or spend free time together.

今度の土曜日、一緒に遊ばない？

Interestingly, the word also finds its way into the workplace, though often with a negative or critical connotation. In a professional environment, where diligence and hard work are highly valued, describing someone as 'playing' implies that they are slacking off, not taking their duties seriously, or wasting company time. A manager might reprimand an employee for 'playing around' on their phone, or colleagues might gossip about someone who seems to be 'playing' rather than contributing to the team effort.

Workplace Criticism: Used to describe idleness, lack of focus, or inappropriate behavior during working hours.

仕事中にスマホで遊ぶな。

彼は真面目に働かず、遊んでばかりいる。

休日はしっかり遊んでリフレッシュしよう。

Furthermore, you will encounter this word frequently in media, literature, and pop culture. Song lyrics often feature the word to evoke feelings of youthful freedom, romance, or rebellion. Television dramas use it to establish relationships between characters, showing who hangs out with whom. By paying close attention to these varied contexts, learners can develop a rich, multidimensional understanding of how this seemingly simple verb functions as a cornerstone of Japanese communication.

For native English speakers and learners from many other linguistic backgrounds, the Japanese verb 'asobu' presents a significant challenge due to its deceptive similarity to the English word 'play'. While they share a core meaning related to recreation and amusement, their applications diverge sharply in several critical areas. Consequently, learners frequently make predictable and sometimes embarrassing errors when attempting to use this word in conversation. This section will meticulously dissect these common mistakes, explaining why they occur and providing clear guidelines on how to avoid them. The most prevalent and persistent mistake is using 'asobu' to describe playing a sport. In English, it is perfectly natural to say 'I play tennis', 'He plays soccer', or 'We are playing basketball'. However, translating this directly into Japanese using 'asobu' is grammatically and contextually incorrect. In Japanese, sports are considered activities that you 'do', not activities that you 'play'. Therefore, the correct verb to use is 'suru' (する), which means to do.

Mistake: Sports: Using the verb for sports. Always use 'suru' (to do) instead.

❌ テニスを遊ぶ。
⭕ テニスをする。

A similarly frequent error occurs when discussing musical instruments. In English, musicians 'play the piano', 'play the guitar', or 'play the violin'. Applying 'asobu' in this context sounds incredibly strange to a native Japanese speaker, as it implies treating the expensive instrument like a child's toy rather than performing music. The correct verb depends on the type of instrument. For stringed instruments and pianos, the verb is 'hiku' (弾く). For wind instruments, it is 'fuku' (吹く). For percussion, it is 'tataku' (叩く).

Mistake: Instruments: Using the verb for musical instruments. Use specific verbs like hiku, fuku, or tataku.

❌ ピアノを遊ぶ。
⭕ ピアノを弾く。

Another subtle but important mistake involves the object particle 'o' (を). Because 'asobu' is generally an intransitive verb, it does not take a direct object with 'o' in standard usage. You cannot 'play a game' using the structure 'geemu o asobu'. Instead, you must use the particle 'de' (で) to indicate that the game is the tool or medium of play: 'geemu de asobu'. Alternatively, you can use the verb 'suru' for games as well: 'geemu o suru'.

Mistake: Direct Objects: Using the object particle 'o' incorrectly. Use 'de' for the tool of play.

❌ ゲームを遊ぶ。
⭕ ゲームで遊ぶ。

❌ トランプを遊ぶ。
⭕ トランプをする。

❌ 役を遊ぶ。
⭕ 役を演じる (to play a role).

Finally, learners sometimes use the word inappropriately in formal or professional contexts. Telling a boss or a client that you were 'playing' over the weekend might sound slightly immature or overly casual, depending on the exact phrasing. In such situations, it is often better to use more specific and mature vocabulary, such as 'kutsurogu' (to relax), 'tanoshimu' (to enjoy), or simply describing the specific activity you engaged in. By being mindful of these common pitfalls, learners can significantly improve the naturalness and accuracy of their Japanese expression.

While 'asobu' is an incredibly versatile and frequently used verb, relying on it too heavily can make a learner's Japanese sound repetitive or slightly immature, especially in formal or nuanced contexts. To achieve a higher level of fluency and expressiveness, it is essential to build a robust vocabulary of similar words, synonyms, and context-specific alternatives. This section will explore various terms that overlap with or can substitute for 'asobu', providing detailed explanations of their unique nuances and appropriate usage scenarios. One of the most common alternatives is 'tanoshimu' (楽しむ), which translates to 'to enjoy' or 'to have fun'. While 'asobu' focuses on the action of playing or hanging out, 'tanoshimu' emphasizes the internal emotional state of experiencing pleasure or satisfaction. You can 'tanoshimu' a meal, a movie, or a conversation, whereas you would not typically use 'asobu' for these passive or consumptive activities. It is a slightly more mature and universally applicable word.

Tanoshimu (楽しむ): Focuses on the feeling of enjoyment rather than the physical act of playing. Suitable for all ages and contexts.

パーティーを心から楽しむ。

For situations where 'asobu' implies relaxing or taking it easy, the verb 'kutsurogu' (くつろぐ) is an excellent alternative. This word specifically means to relax, to make oneself at home, or to unwind. It paints a picture of physical and mental comfort, such as lounging on a sofa, taking a warm bath, or sipping tea in a quiet room. It lacks the active, social energy of 'asobu' and instead highlights tranquility and rest.

Kutsurogu (くつろぐ): Means to relax or unwind. Perfect for describing quiet, restful leisure time at home or in a comfortable environment.

休日は家でゆっくりくつろぐ。

When 'asobu' is used to mean fooling around, joking, or being mischievous, the verb 'fuzakeru' (ふざける) is a more precise choice. This word carries a slightly negative or critical tone, implying that someone is not taking things seriously, acting silly, or messing around when they shouldn't be. It is often used by parents scolding children or teachers reprimanding students.

Fuzakeru (ふざける): Means to mess around, joke around, or act silly. Often used in a scolding or critical context.

授業中にふざけるな。

彼らはいつもふざけ合っている。

時間を無駄にして怠ける (to be lazy).

Other useful alternatives include 'kouryuu suru' (交流する) for formal socializing or networking, 'hima o tsubusu' (暇をつぶす) for killing time, and 'tawamureru' (戯れる) for playful, innocent frolicking, often used with animals. By integrating these varied expressions into their vocabulary, learners can articulate their thoughts with much greater precision, adapting their language to suit the specific tone, formality, and context of any given situation.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"休日はどのようにしてお過ごしですか。"

中性

"週末は友達と遊びます。"

非正式

"明日遊ぼうぜ！"

Child friendly

"お外で遊ぼう！"

俚语

"あいつ、最近遊んでるらしいよ。"

趣味小知识

Because 'asobu' originally meant to wander or move freely, this is why the kanji 遊 is used in words like 遊牧 (yuuboku - nomadism) and 遊覧 (yuuran - sightseeing), which involve traveling rather than playing games.

发音指南

UK /a.so.bɯ/

US /a.so.bɯ/

Heiban (flat) pitch accent. The pitch starts low on 'a' and rises on 'so', staying high for 'bu'. L-H-H.

押韵词

学ぶ (manabu) 呼ぶ (yobu) 飛ぶ (tobu) 選ぶ (erabu) 運ぶ (hakobu) 並ぶ (narabu) 結ぶ (musubu) 喜ぶ (yorokobu)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'u' too strongly like the English 'oo' in 'boot'.
Putting stress on the middle syllable 'SO' like an English word.
Failing to voice the 'b' clearly, making it sound like 'p'.
Elongating the vowels (e.g., a-soo-bu).
Dropping the final 'u' completely.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

The kanji 遊 is taught in elementary school. It has a distinctive shape but is not overly complex.

写作 4/5

The kanji has 12 strokes and involves the 'movement' radical (shinnyou), which can be tricky to balance.

口语 1/5

Very easy to pronounce and conjugate as a standard Godan verb.

听力 1/5

Highly recognizable and frequently used in daily conversation.

接下来学什么

前置知识

行く (iku - to go) 来る (kuru - to come) 友達 (tomodachi - friend) 公園 (kouen - park) する (suru - to do)

接下来学习

楽しむ (tanoshimu - to enjoy) くつろぐ (kutsurogu - to relax) 趣味 (shumi - hobby) 暇 (hima - free time) 弾く (hiku - to play an instrument)

高级

戯れる (tawamureru - to frolic) 遊休 (yuukyuu - idle) 遊牧 (yuuboku - nomadism) 遊離 (yuuri - separation) 遊戯 (yuugi - game/play)

需要掌握的语法

Verb Stem + に行く (ni iku) / に来る (ni kuru)

遊びに行く (to go play/hang out)

Particle と (to) for accompaniment

友達と遊ぶ (play with a friend)

Particle で (de) for location or tool

公園で遊ぶ (play at the park) / ゲームで遊ぶ (play with a game)

てばかりいる (te bakari iru) for negative repetition

遊んでばかりいる (doing nothing but playing)

Causative form (せる/させる)

子供を遊ばせる (let the children play)

按水平分级的例句

子供が公園で遊ぶ。

Children play in the park.

Basic present tense with location particle 'de'.

友達と遊びます。

I play with my friend.

Polite present tense with accompaniment particle 'to'.

昨日、たくさん遊んだ。

I played a lot yesterday.

Casual past tense (Ta-form).

今日は遊びません。

I will not play today.

Polite negative form.

犬と庭で遊ぶ。

I play with the dog in the garden.

Combining 'to' (with) and 'de' (at).

一緒に遊ぼう！

Let's play together!

Casual volitional form (let's).

おもちゃで遊ぶ。

To play with toys.

Particle 'de' used for the tool/object of play.

外で遊んでください。

Please play outside.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

週末は友達と遊ぶ予定です。

I plan to hang out with friends this weekend.

Using 'yotei' (plan) with the dictionary form.

明日、私の家に遊びに来てね。

Come hang out at my house tomorrow.

Verb stem + ni kuru (come to do).

渋谷へ遊びに行きました。

I went to Shibuya to hang out.

Verb stem + ni iku (go to do) in past polite.

もっと遊びたいです。

I want to play/hang out more.

Tai-form expressing desire.

ゲームで遊ぶのが好きです。

I like playing video games.

Nominalizing the verb with 'no' + ga suki.

暗くなるまで遊んでいた。

We were playing until it got dark.

Te-iru form in the past (was doing).

日曜日、一緒に遊びませんか。

Would you like to hang out together on Sunday?

Polite negative question used as an invitation.

遊ぶ時間がありません。

I have no time to play/hang out.

Dictionary form modifying the noun 'jikan' (time).

彼は勉強しないで、遊んでばかりいる。

He does nothing but play around instead of studying.

Te-form + bakari iru (doing nothing but).

子供を外で遊ばせます。

I let the children play outside.

Causative form (asobaseru - to make/let play).

仕事中に遊んではいけません。

You must not play around during work.

Te-wa ikemasen (prohibition).

子供の頃、よくこの川で遊んだものだ。

I used to play in this river a lot when I was a child.

Ta-form + mono da (expressing nostalgia for a past habit).

安全な遊び場が必要です。

A safe playground is necessary.

Compound noun 'asobiba' (play + place).

遊べば遊ぶほど、疲れます。

The more you play, the more tired you get.

Ba-form + dictionary form + hodo (the more... the more).

たまには息抜きに遊んだほうがいい。

You should hang out for a breather once in a while.

Ta-hou ga ii (giving advice).

一日中遊び回って、くたくただ。

I played around all day and I'm exhausted.

Compound verb 'asobimawaru' (to play/wander around).

このデザインには、もう少し遊び心が必要です。

This design needs a little more playful spirit.

Idiomatic noun 'asobigokoro' (playful heart/spirit).

遊び半分で始めたビジネスが成功した。

The business I started half in jest became successful.

Idiomatic phrase 'asobihanbun' (half-playing/not serious).

ハンドルの遊びが大きすぎると危険です。

It is dangerous if there is too much play (slack) in the steering wheel.

Metaphorical use of the noun 'asobi' meaning mechanical clearance.

彼は親の金で遊んで暮らしている。

He lives an idle life playing around with his parents' money.

Te-form connecting two verbs (asonde kurasu - live by playing).

火遊びは火事の元になるから絶対にやめなさい。

Playing with fire causes fires, so absolutely stop it.

Compound noun 'hiasobi' (playing with fire, literal or metaphorical).

言葉遊びを取り入れた面白いキャッチコピーだ。

It's an interesting slogan that incorporates wordplay.

Compound noun 'kotoba-asobi' (wordplay/pun).

悪友に遊ばれていることに彼は気づいていない。

He doesn't realize he is being played (used) by his bad friends.

Passive form 'asobareru' (to be played with/manipulated).

休日は趣味のカメラで遊んでいます。

On my days off, I amuse myself with my hobby, photography.

Using 'de asobu' to mean engaging deeply with a hobby.

遊休農地を有効活用する計画が立てられた。

A plan was made to effectively utilize idle agricultural land.

Advanced kanji compound 'yuukyuu' (遊休 - idle/unused).

彼の文章には、読者を惹きつける独特の遊びがある。

His writing has a unique playfulness that attracts readers.

Abstract noun usage meaning literary margin or creative freedom.

若気の至りで夜の街で遊び歩いた時期もあった。

Due to youthful folly, there was a time when I wandered the nightlife districts playing around.

Compound verb 'asobiaruku' (to wander around playing/partying).

機械のギアには適度な遊びを設ける必要がある。

It is necessary to provide appropriate clearance (play) in the machine's gears.

Technical engineering context for the noun 'asobi'.

彼は根っからの遊び人で、定職に就いたことがない。

He is a playboy to the core and has never held a steady job.

Noun 'asobinin' (idler/playboy/gambler).

政治家たちの権力遊びに国民は辟易している。

The citizens are disgusted by the politicians' power games.

Metaphorical compound 'kenryoku-asobi' (playing with power).

余裕がないと、心に遊びが生まれず、良いアイデアも浮かばない。

Without mental leeway, no playfulness is born in the mind, and good ideas don't come up.

Philosophical use of 'asobi' as mental space or flexibility.

その投資はあくまで遊び金で行うべきだ。

That investment should strictly be done with spare (play) money.

Financial term 'asobigane' (disposable income/money one can afford to lose).

古文における「遊ぶ」は、管弦の遊びなど、風雅な営みを指すことが多い。

In classical Japanese, 'asobu' often refers to elegant pursuits, such as playing orchestral music.

Academic discussion of historical semantics.

遊牧民の生活様式は、厳しい自然環境に適応した結果である。

The lifestyle of nomadic people is the result of adapting to a harsh natural environment.

Academic kanji compound 'yuuboku' (遊牧 - nomadism).

制度の隙間を突くようなマネーゲームは、もはや悪質な火遊びの域に達している。

Money games that exploit loopholes in the system have already reached the level of malicious playing with fire.

Highly complex metaphorical critique using 'hiasobi'.

神遊びの儀式は、古代からこの地域に伝わる重要な無形文化財だ。

The ritual of 'kami-asobi' (entertaining the gods) is an important intangible cultural property passed down in this region since ancient times.

Religious/anthropological term 'kamiasobi'.

彼の発言は単なる言葉の遊戯に過ぎず、実質的な解決策を提示していない。

His remarks are nothing more than mere wordplay and do not present a substantive solution.

Formal synonym 'yuugi' (遊戯 - play/game) used critically.

建築における「遊び」の空間は、機能主義に対する一種のアンチテーゼである。

The space of 'play' in architecture is a kind of antithesis to functionalism.

Architectural theory context.

遊離した電子が化学反応を引き起こすメカニズムを解明する。

To elucidate the mechanism by which free (liberated) electrons trigger chemical reactions.

Scientific kanji compound 'yuuri' (遊離 - separation/liberation).

世俗の煩悩から離れ、悠々自適に遊行する僧侶の姿が描かれている。

It depicts the figure of a monk wandering freely and comfortably, detached from worldly desires.

Classical/Buddhist term 'yugyou' (遊行 - wandering/itinerancy).

常见搭配

友達と遊ぶ

外で遊ぶ

遊びに行く

ゲームで遊ぶ

よく遊ぶ

一緒に遊ぶ

夢中で遊ぶ

遊びに来る

遊んで暮らす

スマホで遊ぶ

常用短语

遊んでばかりいる

遊びじゃない

よく学び、よく遊べ

遊び半分で

遊び心がある

火遊びをする

遊びが足りない

言葉遊び

水遊び

遊び相手

容易混淆的词

遊ぶ vs する (suru)

English speakers confuse them because 'play' translates to 'suru' for sports and games (e.g., play soccer = sakkaa o suru).

遊ぶ vs 弾く (hiku)

English speakers confuse them because 'play' translates to 'hiku' for stringed instruments and pianos.

遊ぶ vs 楽しむ (tanoshimu)

Learners confuse them because both relate to fun. Asobu is the action of playing/hanging out, tanoshimu is the feeling of enjoying.

习语与表达

"遊び半分"

Doing something half-heartedly or just for fun, without serious intent.

遊び半分で投資をしてはいけない。

neutral

"遊び心"

A playful, creative, or non-serious attitude that adds charm to something.

大人の遊び心を取り入れたファッション。

positive

"火遊び"

Engaging in a dangerous activity, especially a brief, risky romantic affair.

彼との関係はただの火遊びだった。

negative

"遊び人"

A playboy, a gambler, or someone who lives an idle life without a steady job.

彼は昔、かなりの遊び人だったらしい。

informal

"遊び金"

Money that one can afford to lose; disposable income used for gambling or fun.

これは遊び金だから、無くなってもいい。

informal

"遊び場"

A playground, or a place where people gather for entertainment.

この街は若者の遊び場だ。

neutral

"遊び道具"

Toys, or things used for amusement.

スマホは最高の遊び道具だ。

neutral

"悪遊び"

Playing bad pranks, or engaging in harmful, immoral amusement.

若気の至りで悪遊びをした。

negative

"夜遊び"

Nightlife, or staying out late at night for entertainment.

最近、夜遊びが過ぎるぞ。

neutral

"遊びをせんとや生まれけむ"

A classical poetic phrase meaning 'Were we born to play?' expressing the joy of innocent play.

子供の姿を見て「遊びをせんとや生まれけむ」と思った。

literary

容易混淆

遊ぶ vs する

Direct translation of 'play' for sports.

Use 'suru' (to do) for sports and competitive games. Use 'asobu' for unstructured play or hanging out.

テニスをする (Play tennis) vs 公園で遊ぶ (Play in the park).

遊ぶ vs 弾く

Direct translation of 'play' for instruments.

Use 'hiku' for pianos and guitars. Using 'asobu' means treating the instrument like a toy, not making music.

ピアノを弾く (Play the piano) vs ピアノで遊ぶ (Mess around with the piano).

遊ぶ vs 楽しむ

Both mean to have a good time.

Tanoshimu is the internal feeling of enjoyment and can be passive (enjoying a movie). Asobu is an active social or physical activity.

映画を楽しむ (Enjoy a movie) vs 友達と遊ぶ (Hang out with friends).

遊ぶ vs くつろぐ

Both relate to leisure time.

Kutsurogu specifically means to relax or unwind, usually doing nothing strenuous. Asobu is more active and social.

家でくつろぐ (Relax at home) vs 外で遊ぶ (Play outside).

遊ぶ vs ふざける

Both can mean messing around.

Fuzakeru has a negative connotation of acting silly or inappropriately when one shouldn't. Asobu is generally positive or neutral.

授業中にふざける (Mess around in class) vs 休み時間に遊ぶ (Play during recess).

句型

[Person] と遊ぶ

妹と遊ぶ。

[Location] で遊ぶ

学校で遊ぶ。

遊びに行く

海へ遊びに行く。

一緒に遊ぼう

明日、一緒に遊ぼう。

遊んでばかりいる

彼は遊んでばかりいる。

[Person] を遊ばせる

犬を庭で遊ばせる。

遊び半分で〜する

遊び半分で参加する。

〜に遊びを持たせる

スケジュールに遊びを持たせる。

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Extremely High (Top 500 words)

常见错误

野球を遊ぶ (Yakyuu o asobu) → 野球をする (Yakyuu o suru)
English speakers translate 'play baseball' directly. In Japanese, sports take the verb 'suru' (to do), not 'asobu'.
ピアノを遊ぶ (Piano o asobu) → ピアノを弾く (Piano o hiku)
English speakers translate 'play piano' directly. Instruments require specific verbs like 'hiku' (to pluck/play strings/keys).
ゲームを遊ぶ (Geemu o asobu) → ゲームで遊ぶ (Geemu de asobu)
Asobu is generally intransitive and doesn't take the direct object particle 'o'. Use 'de' to show the game is the tool of play.
私は週末に遊びました。(To a boss) → 私は週末にくつろぎました。(Watashi wa shuumatsu ni kutsurogimashita)
Telling a superior you 'played' can sound immature. Using 'kutsurogu' (relaxed) or specifying the activity is more professional.
彼と遊ぶに行く (Kare to asobu ni iku) → 彼と遊びに行く (Kare to asobi ni iku)
When using the 'go to do' pattern, you must use the verb stem (asobi), not the dictionary form (asobu).

小贴士

Particles Matter

Always remember: 'to' for people, 'de' for places and tools. Never use 'o' (を) directly with asobu unless it's a very specific classical idiom.

The Sports Rule

Burn this into your memory: Never use asobu for sports. Always use suru. Tennis o suru. Soccer o suru.

The Instrument Rule

Never use asobu for instruments. Use hiku for strings/piano, fuku for wind, tataku for drums.

Adult Hanging Out

Don't be afraid to use asobu as an adult! It's the most natural way to say 'hang out' or 'socialize' with friends.

Workplace Warning

Be careful using this word at work. Saying a colleague is 'asobu-ing' means you are accusing them of being lazy and not working.

Inviting Friends

The phrase 'Asobi ni ikanai?' (Want to go hang out?) is your best friend for making weekend plans in Japan.

Purpose of Motion

Master the 'Verb Stem + ni iku' pattern. 'Asobi ni iku' is incredibly common for expressing the purpose of your travel.

Games

For video games or board games, you can use either 'geemu de asobu' or 'geemu o suru'. Both are perfectly natural.

Idioms

Learn the word 'hiasobi' (playing with fire). It's used exactly like in English, often referring to dangerous romantic affairs.

Kanji Practice

The kanji 遊 has the 'movement' radical. Think of playing as moving around freely to help remember how to write it.

记住它

记忆技巧

Ah, so boo! The ghost said 'Ah, so boo!' to PLAY a trick on me.

视觉联想

Imagine a ghost jumping out and saying 'Ah, so boo!' (asobu) while playing hide and seek with you.

Word Web

遊ぶ公園 (park) 友達 (friend) ゲーム (game) 楽しい (fun) おもちゃ (toy) 行く (go) 暇 (free time)

挑战

Next time you want to ask a friend to hang out, text them 'asobou!' instead of asking in English. Remember to use 'suru' instead if you are inviting them to play a sport.

词源

The verb 'asobu' originates from Old Japanese. In its earliest forms, it did not mean 'to play' with toys, but rather to wander around, to move freely, or to be away from home. It was often used in religious contexts to describe the movement of gods (kami) or the act of entertaining them through music and dance.

原始含义： To wander, to move freely without a specific destination, or to entertain the gods.

Japonic

文化背景

Avoid using 'asobu' when talking about someone's serious hobbies or professional artistic pursuits, as it can sound belittling (like they are just messing around).

English speakers often misuse 'asobu' for sports or instruments. Remember that 'play' in English is a multi-tool, while 'asobu' in Japanese is specifically for unstructured fun or socializing.

The song 'Asobo' by NiziU, which encourages people to have fun. The classic proverb 'Yoku manabi, yoku asobe' (Work hard, play hard). The concept of 'Kamiasobi' in Shinto, where Kagura dances are performed to entertain the gods.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Inviting a friend out

明日遊ばない？ (Want to hang out tomorrow?)
今度遊びに行こう (Let's go hang out next time)
いつ遊べる？ (When can you hang out?)
遊びにおいでよ (Come hang out)

Talking about children

外で遊んできなさい (Go play outside)
誰と遊んだの？ (Who did you play with?)
おもちゃで遊ぶ (Play with toys)
公園で遊ばせる (Let them play at the park)

Discussing weekends/free time

友達と遊んだ (I hung out with friends)
遊ぶ時間がない (I have no time to hang out)
一日中遊んでいた (I was playing all day)
よく遊ぶ場所 (A place I often hang out at)

Criticizing laziness

遊んでばかりいる (Doing nothing but playing)
仕事中に遊ぶな (Don't play around during work)
遊びじゃないんだ (This isn't a game)
遊んでいる暇はない (No time to be playing around)

Using idioms/metaphors

遊び心がある (Has a playful spirit)
遊び半分でやる (Do half-heartedly)
ハンドルの遊び (Play in the steering wheel)
火遊びをする (Play with fire)

对话开场白

"週末はいつも誰と遊んでいますか？ (Who do you usually hang out with on weekends?)"

"子供の頃、どんな遊びが好きでしたか？ (What kind of play/games did you like as a child?)"

"最近、忙しくて遊ぶ時間がありますか？ (Have you been busy lately, or do you have time to hang out?)"

"今度の休み、どこかへ遊びに行きませんか？ (Would you like to go hang out somewhere on our next day off?)"

"ストレスが溜まった時、どうやって遊んで発散しますか？ (When you are stressed, how do you play/hang out to relieve it?)"

日记主题

Write about the last time you hung out with your friends. Where did you go and what did you do?

Describe your favorite childhood memory of playing outside. Who were you with?

Explain the difference between 'asobu' and 'suru' using examples from your own hobbies.

Do you think adults need more time to 'asobu'? Why or why not?

Write a short dialogue inviting a Japanese friend to hang out this weekend.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, you cannot. In Japanese, sports are activities that you 'do', not 'play'. You must use the verb 'suru' (to do). The correct sentence is 'Basukettobooru o shita'.

The most natural and casual way is to use the negative question form 'asobanai?' (Want to hang out?) or the volitional form 'asobou!' (Let's hang out!). You can also say 'asobi ni ikanai?' (Want to go hang out?).

It can be. If you tell your boss you were 'asobu-ing' over the weekend, it might sound a bit childish. It's better to say you relaxed (kutsurogimashita) or specify what you did (went shopping, read a book). Also, saying someone is 'asobu-ing' at work means they are slacking off.

In Japanese, 'asobu' broadly covers non-work, non-study leisure activities. For adults, this naturally translates to socializing, drinking, or going out. It doesn't imply playing with toys, but rather enjoying free time.

Use 'to' (と) for the person you are with (友達と遊ぶ). Use 'de' (で) for the location (公園で遊ぶ) or the tool/game you are using (ゲームで遊ぶ).

Yes, but you must use the particle 'de' (で), as in 'geemu de asobu' (play using a game). Alternatively, you can use 'suru' with the object particle 'o', as in 'geemu o suru' (do a game).

It literally means 'go to play', but it is the standard phrase for 'going to hang out' or 'going to visit someone for fun'. If you visit a friend's house, you are 'asobi ni iku'.

You must use the verb 'hiku' (弾く), which is specifically for stringed instruments and keyboards. 'Gitaa o hiku' is correct. 'Gitaa de asobu' means you are just messing around with it like a toy.

It is a compound noun meaning 'playful spirit' or 'sense of fun'. It is often used as a compliment for designs, art, or ideas that are not overly rigid or serious, showing creativity.

Yes, metaphorically. In engineering or mechanics, 'asobi' refers to clearance, slack, or 'play' in a mechanism, like a steering wheel having some 'asobi' before the wheels turn.