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A1 noun #3,500 最常用 10分钟阅读

무늬

munui 前3,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 무늬 30秒了解

解析 무늬 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '무늬' (munui) is taught as a basic noun to describe everyday objects. You will primarily use it when talking about clothes or simple items around the house. It's often used with the word '꽃' (flower) to make '꽃무늬' (floral pattern) or '줄' (line) to make '줄무늬' (striped pattern). At this stage, focus on identifying patterns: '무늬가 있어요' (There is a pattern) or '무늬가 없어요' (There is no pattern). You will also learn to use simple adjectives like '예쁜 무늬' (pretty pattern). It is a key word for basic shopping interactions, such as when you are trying to find a specific style of shirt or dress in a store. The grammar is simple, usually following the [Noun] + [무늬] structure.

At the A2 level, you begin to expand the types of patterns you can describe and use more varied adjectives. You might describe a '체크무늬' (checkered pattern) or a '물방울 무늬' (polka dot pattern). You will also start using '무늬' as an object in more complex sentences, such as '저는 무늬가 있는 옷을 좋아해요' (I like clothes that have patterns). You learn to compare different patterns using '-보다' and express preferences. This level also introduces the idea that '무늬' can be found in nature, like the patterns on animal fur or wood grain. You will practice using '무늬' in the context of describing people's appearances or interior decorations in more detail, such as describing the wallpaper in a room.

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At the B1 level, you move beyond simple descriptions and start discussing the 'feel' or 'vibe' that a '무늬' gives off. You will use adjectives like '세련된' (sophisticated), '촌스러운' (outdated/tacky), or '독특한' (unique). You can explain why you chose a certain pattern for a specific occasion, such as '격식 있는 자리에는 무늬가 없는 정장이 좋아요' (For formal occasions, a suit without patterns is good). You also begin to encounter '무늬' in more descriptive writing, such as in short stories or news articles about fashion trends. This level introduces the distinction between '무늬' and technical terms like '패턴' (pattern) used in professional or academic contexts, helping you choose the right word for the right situation.

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At the B2 level, you explore the cultural and historical significance of certain '무늬'. You will learn about '전통 무늬' (traditional patterns) like the '십장생' (ten symbols of longevity) and how they are used in Korean arts and crafts. You can discuss the symbolic meanings behind these patterns in a presentation or a deep conversation. You also start to use '무늬' in metaphorical ways, particularly the expression '무늬만 [Noun]' (in name only). For example, you might analyze a social issue where a policy is '무늬만 복지' (welfare in name only). Your ability to use '무늬' in both literal and figurative contexts demonstrates a maturing grasp of Korean nuances and social commentary.

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At the C1 level, '무늬' is used in sophisticated discussions about aesthetics, art history, and philosophy. You can critique the use of patterns in modern architecture or high fashion, using a wide range of vocabulary to describe intricate details. You might use terms like '문양' (motif) more frequently when discussing art, but you understand exactly when '무늬' is the more appropriate, grounded term. You are comfortable with the metaphorical use of '무늬' in complex political or social analyses, using it to describe superficiality or the gap between appearance and reality in institutional structures. You can also understand and use '무늬' in literary contexts, where it might be used as a motif or symbol within a poem or a novel.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '무늬' is complete, allowing you to use it with the precision of a native professional. You can engage in high-level academic or professional discourse about design theory, where '무늬' is analyzed as part of visual semiotics. You understand the subtle differences between '무늬', '문양', '결', and '패턴' in all contexts, including their historical evolution. You can use the word in creative writing to evoke specific moods or to create complex metaphors that resonate with native speakers' deep cultural associations. Whether you are discussing the '무늬' of a complex social network or the literal '무늬' on a piece of ancient pottery, your usage is nuanced, accurate, and culturally grounded.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

무늬 30秒了解

Refers to patterns or designs on surfaces like fabric, paper, or wood.
Commonly combined with other nouns (e.g., 꽃무늬, 줄무늬).
Pronounced [무니] despite being spelled '무늬'.
Can metaphorically mean 'superficial' or 'in name only'.

The word 무늬 (munui) is a foundational Korean noun that primarily refers to a pattern, design, or figure visible on the surface of an object. While its most common application is in the world of textiles and fashion—describing the floral print on a dress or the stripes on a shirt—it extends far beyond just fabric. It encompasses any decorative arrangement of lines, shapes, or colors that repeat or form a distinct visual identity on a surface, whether that surface is a piece of pottery, a wall, or even the skin of an animal like a tiger or a zebra.

Visual Texture: In Korean culture, the visual texture provided by a 무늬 is often seen as a reflection of character or intent. A '화려한 무늬' (splendid/flashy pattern) might suggest luxury or a bold personality, whereas a '단순한 무늬' (simple pattern) suggests modesty or modern minimalism.
Natural vs. Artificial: The term applies equally to man-made designs and those found in nature. You might describe the wood grain on a table as '나무 무늬' or the intricate frost on a window in winter using this word.

이 옷의 꽃무늬가 정말 예쁘네요. (The floral pattern on this clothing is really pretty.)

Understanding 무늬 is essential for anyone navigating daily life in Korea, from shopping for clothes at Dongdaemun Market to describing a lost pet. It is one of those words that bridges the gap between purely functional descriptions and aesthetic appreciation. Historically, specific patterns held deep symbolic meanings in Korea; for instance, the lotus pattern represented purity, while the crane represented longevity. When you use the word 무늬, you are often tapping into this rich visual history.

얼룩말은 독특한 줄무늬를 가지고 있습니다. (Zebras have unique striped patterns.)

Metaphorical Usage: In more advanced contexts, '무늬' is used metaphorically in the expression '무늬만 [Noun]', which means something is that noun 'in name only' or 'on the surface only'. For example, '무늬만 학생' refers to someone who is technically a student but doesn't actually study.

그는 무늬만 사장이지 실권은 없어요. (He is a CEO in name only; he has no real power.)

Whether you are admiring a traditional Hanbok or discussing the grain of a high-end wooden desk, 무늬 provides the vocabulary necessary to describe the world's visual complexity. It is a word that grows with you—starting as a simple descriptive tool for colors and shapes and evolving into a nuanced way to discuss authenticity and social roles.

Using 무늬 in a sentence is relatively straightforward because it functions as a standard noun. However, to sound natural, you must master how it pairs with verbs like '있다' (to have/exist), '넣다' (to put in/add), and adjectives like '화려하다' (to be flashy) or '수수하다' (to be plain). In Korean, the pattern is often the subject or the object of the sentence depending on whether you are describing a state or an action.

Describing Existence: To say something has a pattern, use the structure '[Noun]에 [Pattern Type] 무늬가 있다'. For example: '이 커튼에 꽃무늬가 있어요' (There is a floral pattern on these curtains).

벽지에 아무런 무늬가 없어서 깔끔해요. (The wallpaper is clean because it has no patterns at all.)

When you want to describe the quality of the pattern, the adjective usually precedes '무늬'. Common pairings include '복잡한 무늬' (complex pattern), '기하학적인 무늬' (geometric pattern), and '전통적인 무늬' (traditional pattern). If you are the one creating or choosing the pattern, you would use verbs like '그리다' (to draw), '새기다' (to engrave), or '고르다' (to choose).

Action-Oriented Sentences: When a designer adds a pattern to a product, they '무늬를 넣다' (put in a pattern). If a pattern is being carved into wood or stone, the verb is '무늬를 새기다'.

도자기에 섬세한 무늬를 새겼습니다. (I engraved a delicate pattern on the pottery.)

In formal settings, such as a business presentation about a new product line, you might use more technical terms like '패턴' (pattern) borrowed from English, but 무늬 remains the most versatile and widely understood term. It captures the essence of the design's physical appearance. If you are describing the grain of natural materials, 무늬 is the only appropriate choice. For example, '나뭇결 무늬' refers specifically to the grain of wood.

이 테이블은 나무 무늬가 아주 고급스러워요. (This table has a very luxurious wood grain pattern.)

Comparison Structures: You can compare patterns using '-보다' (than). '이 무늬가 저 무늬보다 더 세련됐어요' (This pattern is more sophisticated than that pattern).

체크 무늬 셔츠를 입은 사람이 제 친구예요. (The person wearing the checkered pattern shirt is my friend.)

By integrating 무늬 into your active vocabulary, you gain the ability to specify exactly what you are looking for in a store or to describe artistic works with precision. It is a building block for more complex descriptions of the physical world.

The word 무늬 is ubiquitous in South Korea, appearing in contexts ranging from high-end fashion boutiques in Gangnam to local hardware stores. If you are walking through a shopping mall like IFC Mall or Starfield, you will hear sales associates using this word to highlight the unique features of their products. They might say, '올해는 이런 기하학적인 무늬가 유행이에요' (This year, geometric patterns like this are in style).

In Fashion and Retail: Retailers use 무늬 to categorize inventory. You will see signs for '꽃무늬 원피스' (floral dresses) or '체크무늬 남방' (checkered shirts). It is the standard way to describe the print on any garment.

손님, 이 스카프의 무늬가 정말 우아하지 않나요? (Customer, isn't the pattern on this scarf really elegant?)

Beyond shopping, you will hear 무늬 in the context of interior design and home improvement. When people choose wallpaper (벽지), flooring (장판), or curtains (커튼), the specific '무늬' is a major talking point. A designer might suggest a '대리석 무늬' (marble pattern) for a kitchen counter to give it a high-end look without the cost of real stone. In nature documentaries, narrators use it to describe the camouflage of animals, such as the '보호색 무늬' (camouflage pattern) of a chameleon or a leopard.

경복궁의 단청 무늬는 한국의 미를 잘 보여줍니다. (The dancheong patterns of Gyeongbokgung Palace well demonstrate the beauty of Korea.)

On Television and Media: In K-Dramas, characters might comment on each other's clothing using this word. In variety shows, captions often use '무늬' to describe funny or strange designs on props or costumes.

오늘 입은 티셔츠 무늬가 왜 그래요? (Why is the pattern on the T-shirt you're wearing today like that?)

Lastly, the metaphorical use in news or social commentary is frequent. If a politician or a corporation is seen as superficial, critics might say they have '무늬만 개혁' (reform in name only). Hearing this word in a news broadcast usually signals a critique of something that looks good on the outside but lacks substance on the inside. This versatility makes 무늬 a word that you will encounter in almost every aspect of Korean life, from the aesthetic to the political.

While 무늬 is an A1 level word, learners frequently encounter pitfalls in pronunciation, spelling, and semantic distinction. The most common error is confusing 무늬 with '모양' (shape) or '그림' (picture/drawing). While they are related, their usage is quite specific in Korean.

Confusing '무늬' vs. '모양': '모양' refers to the overall shape or form of an object (e.g., a star shape, a round shape). '무늬' refers to the design on the surface of that shape. For example, a star-shaped cookie (별 모양) might have a striped pattern (줄무늬) on it.

틀린 예: 이 케이크는 하트 무늬예요. (Wrong: This cake is a heart pattern.)
옳은 예: 이 케이크는 하트 모양이에요. (Right: This cake is a heart shape.)

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the 'ㅢ' vowel. In standard Korean, when 'ㅢ' follows a consonant other than 'ㅇ', it is typically pronounced as [이]. Therefore, 무늬 is pronounced [무니]. Many learners struggle by trying to pronounce the 'ui' diphthong clearly, which can sound unnatural to native speakers. Spelling is also a hurdle; learners often write '무니' because that's what they hear, but '무늬' is the only correct orthography.

발음 주의: [무늬]라고 쓰고 [무니]라고 읽습니다. (Pronunciation note: Write as [munui] but read as [muni].)

Overusing '패턴': While '패턴' (pattern) is used in modern Korean, overusing it can make your speech sound overly westernized or technical. Using '무늬' for natural textures or traditional designs is much more appropriate and shows a deeper grasp of the language.

Finally, learners sometimes forget that 무늬 cannot be used to describe an abstract 'pattern' of behavior or a 'pattern' in data. For those, you must use '패턴' or '경향' (trend). For instance, 'spending patterns' should be '소비 패턴', not '소비 무늬'. Using '무늬' for non-visual, abstract concepts is a clear sign of a beginner mistake.

틀린 예: 그의 행동 무늬가 이상해요. (Wrong: His behavior pattern is strange.)
옳은 예: 그의 행동 패턴이 이상해요. (Right: His behavior pattern is strange.)

By keeping these distinctions in mind—visual vs. abstract, shape vs. pattern, and the [muni] pronunciation—you will avoid the most common traps and sound more like a native speaker.

To truly master the concept of 'pattern' in Korean, it is helpful to compare 무늬 with its synonyms and related terms. Each word has a specific nuance that dictates when it should be used. While 무늬 is the general term for any surface design, other words provide more precision in artistic, technical, or abstract contexts.

문양 (Mun-yang) vs. 무늬: '문양' is a more formal and artistic term. It is often used to describe traditional, symbolic, or decorative motifs found in art, architecture, and history. While you might see a '꽃무늬' on a cheap T-shirt, a '꽃문양' would be found on a Joseon dynasty porcelain vase.
패턴 (Paeteon) vs. 무늬: '패턴' is a loanword from English. It is used in two main ways: first, as a synonym for '무늬' in modern fashion and design contexts, and second, to describe abstract repetitions like 'behavior patterns' or 'mathematical patterns' where '무늬' cannot be used.

박물관에서 고대 유물의 기하학적 문양을 관찰했습니다. (I observed geometric motifs on ancient artifacts at the museum.)

Another related term is '결' (gyeol), which refers to the natural grain or texture of a material, like wood or fabric. While '무늬' describes the visual design, '결' often implies the physical feel or the internal structure that creates that design. For example, '나뭇결' (wood grain) is the '무늬' created by the growth of the tree. If you are talking about the texture of silk, you might use '비단결'.

이 옷감은 결이 곱고 무늬가 화려합니다. (This fabric has a fine texture and a flashy pattern.)

디자인 (Dijain): '디자인' is much broader than '무늬'. It includes the shape, color, functionality, and the pattern. A '무늬' is just one element of a '디자인'.

In summary, while 무늬 is your go-to word for anything with a visual print or design, knowing when to switch to '문양' for art or '패턴' for abstract concepts will significantly elevate your Korean fluency. This distinction allows you to describe the world with the same level of detail as a native speaker, moving from simple identification to nuanced appreciation.

전통 문양을 활용한 현대적인 디자인. (A modern design utilizing traditional motifs.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

In Middle Korean, the word had a slightly different vowel structure, but it has remained remarkably stable in meaning for centuries.

发音指南

UK /mu.ni/

US /mu.ni/

In Korean, stress is generally even, but there is a slight emphasis on the first syllable '무'.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Easy to recognize, though the 'ㅢ' vowel can be tricky for absolute beginners.

写作 2/5

Learners often misspell it as '무니' because of the pronunciation.

口语 1/5

Simple to say once you know the 'ni' pronunciation rule.

听力 2/5

Might be confused with '문' (door) or '문의' (inquiry) if not careful.

接下来学什么

前置知识

옷 (clothes) 꽃 (flower) 줄 (line) 있다 (to have) 없다 (to not have)

接下来学习

모양 (shape) 색깔 (color) 디자인 (design) 화려하다 (flashy) 단순하다 (simple)

高级

문양 (motif) 상징 (symbol) 정체성 (identity) 투영하다 (to project) 본질 (essence)

需要掌握的语法

ㅢ Pronunciation Rule

무늬 [무니], 희망 [히망]

Noun + 무늬 Compound

꽃 + 무늬 = 꽃무늬

Adjective + 무늬

예쁜 무늬, 화려한 무늬

무늬만 [Noun] Idiom

무늬만 의사 (Doctor in name only)

Location + 에 + 무늬 + 가 있다

종이에 무늬가 있어요.

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按水平分级的例句

이 옷은 꽃무늬가 예뻐요.

This clothing's floral pattern is pretty.

꽃 (flower) + 무늬 (pattern) = floral pattern.

저는 줄무늬 티셔츠를 입어요.

I wear a striped T-shirt.

줄 (line) + 무늬 (pattern) = striped pattern.

이 가방에 무늬가 있어요?

Is there a pattern on this bag?

무늬 + 가 (subject particle) + 있다 (to exist).

빨간색 무늬가 마음에 들어요.

I like the red pattern.

마음에 들다 is an expression for 'to like'.

무늬가 없는 바지를 사고 싶어요.

I want to buy pants without a pattern.

무늬가 없다 means 'to have no pattern'.

우산에 노란색 무늬가 있어요.

There is a yellow pattern on the umbrella.

Noun + 에 (location particle) + 무늬.

이 수건의 무늬는 뭐예요?

What is the pattern of this towel?

뭐예요 is the polite question form of 'what is'.

작은 무늬가 귀여워요.

The small pattern is cute.

작은 is the adjective form of 작다 (small).

체크무늬 셔츠가 잘 어울리시네요.

The checkered shirt looks good on you.

잘 어울리다 means 'to suit someone well'.

벽지에 화려한 무늬가 많아요.

There are many flashy patterns on the wallpaper.

화려한 is the adjective form of 화려하다 (flashy/splendid).

강아지 털에 검은색 무늬가 있어요.

The dog's fur has black patterns.

털 refers to fur or hair.

물방울 무늬 원피스를 입고 왔어요.

I came wearing a polka-dot dress.

물방울 (water drop) + 무늬 = polka dots.

이 나무 테이블은 무늬가 아주 자연스러워요.

This wooden table has a very natural pattern.

자연스럽다 means 'to be natural'.

복잡한 무늬보다는 단순한 무늬가 더 좋아요.

I prefer simple patterns over complex ones.

-보다 (than) is used for comparison.

이불의 무늬가 너무 촌스러워요.

The pattern on the blanket is too tacky.

촌스럽다 means 'to be outdated' or 'tacky'.

새로 산 커튼에 나비 무늬를 넣었어요.

I added a butterfly pattern to the new curtains.

무늬를 넣다 means 'to add/put in a pattern'.

이 넥타이의 기하학적 무늬가 세련되어 보여요.

The geometric pattern of this tie looks sophisticated.

세련되다 (sophisticated) + -어 보이다 (to look like).

전통 무늬를 활용한 소품들이 인기가 많습니다.

Accessories utilizing traditional patterns are very popular.

활용하다 means 'to utilize' or 'to make use of'.

표범은 사냥할 때 무늬 덕분에 몸을 숨길 수 있어요.

Leopards can hide their bodies thanks to their patterns when hunting.

덕분에 means 'thanks to'.

이 옷감은 무늬가 독특해서 눈에 잘 띄어요.

This fabric's pattern is unique, so it stands out.

눈에 띄다 means 'to stand out' or 'to be noticeable'.

그릇의 가장자리에 금색 무늬를 새겼어요.

They engraved a gold pattern on the edge of the bowl.

새기다 means 'to engrave' or 'to carve'.

무늬가 너무 크면 뚱뚱해 보일 수 있어요.

If the pattern is too large, you might look fat.

-면 (if) + -어 보이다 (look like).

대리석 무늬 시트지를 붙여서 식탁을 리폼했어요.

I reformed the dining table by sticking on marble-patterned contact paper.

리폼하다 is a Konglish term for 'to renovate/reform'.

이 작가는 반복되는 무늬를 통해 현대 사회를 비판합니다.

This artist criticizes modern society through repeating patterns.

통해 means 'through' or 'by means of'.

그는 무늬만 전문가이지 실제로는 아는 게 별로 없어요.

He is an expert in name only; in reality, he doesn't know much.

무늬만 [Noun] is a metaphorical expression for 'in name only'.

한국의 단청 무늬에는 오방색의 철학이 담겨 있습니다.

The philosophy of the five cardinal colors is contained in Korea's dancheong patterns.

담겨 있다 means 'to be contained' or 'to be embodied'.

겉무늬는 화려하지만 속은 텅 빈 정책들이 많습니다.

There are many policies that have flashy surface patterns but are empty inside.

겉 (outside) + 무늬 vs 속 (inside).

이 소파는 가죽의 자연스러운 무늬를 그대로 살렸어요.

This sofa preserved the natural pattern of the leather as it is.

살리다 here means 'to preserve' or 'to highlight'.

무늬가 어지러워서 오래 보고 있기가 힘드네요.

The pattern is so dizzying that it's hard to look at it for long.

어지럽다 means 'to be dizzy'.

옷의 무늬를 맞추기 위해 원단을 많이 소모했습니다.

A lot of fabric was consumed to match the patterns of the clothes.

무늬를 맞추다 means 'to align or match patterns'.

그 회사는 무늬만 친환경 기업이라는 비판을 받고 있어요.

That company is facing criticism for being an eco-friendly company in name only.

비판을 받다 means 'to receive criticism'.

전통적인 문살 무늬를 현대 건축에 도입했습니다.

Traditional door lattice patterns were introduced into modern architecture.

도입하다 means 'to introduce' or 'to adopt'.

작가는 무늬의 반복과 변주를 통해 삶의 순환을 표현했습니다.

The artist expressed the cycle of life through the repetition and variation of patterns.

변주 (variation) and 순환 (cycle) are advanced vocabulary.

현대인들은 무늬만 화려한 삶보다는 내면의 충실함을 추구해야 합니다.

Modern people should pursue inner fulfillment rather than a life that is flashy only in appearance.

내면 (inner side) and 충실함 (fulfillment/faithfulness).

고려청자의 무늬는 당대 장인들의 고도의 기술력을 보여줍니다.

The patterns on Goryeo celadon show the high-level technical skills of the artisans of that time.

당대 (of that time) and 장인 (artisan).

이 정당의 개혁안은 무늬만 바꾼 미봉책에 불과합니다.

This party's reform proposal is nothing more than a stopgap measure that only changed the surface pattern.

미봉책 (stopgap measure) and ~에 불과하다 (nothing more than).

자연의 무늬에서 영감을 얻어 디자인된 건축물입니다.

This is a building designed by gaining inspiration from the patterns of nature.

영감을 얻다 means 'to get inspiration'.

직물의 무늬가 촘촘할수록 내구성이 뛰어난 경우가 많습니다.

The denser the pattern of the fabric, the more durable it often is.

촘촘하다 (dense/tight) and 내구성 (durability).

무늬의 배치가 비대칭적이어서 더욱 역동적인 느낌을 줍니다.

The arrangement of the patterns is asymmetrical, giving a more dynamic feel.

비대칭적 (asymmetrical) and 역동적 (dynamic).

그의 논리는 무늬만 그럴싸할 뿐 근거가 빈약합니다.

His logic only sounds plausible on the surface, but the evidence is weak.

그럴싸하다 (plausible/seemingly okay) and 빈약하다 (poor/scanty).

역사의 무늬를 살펴보면 인간의 욕망이 반복되고 있음을 알 수 있다.

Looking at the patterns of history, one can see that human desires are repeating.

Metaphorical use of 무늬 to describe the course of history.

본질을 도외시한 채 무늬에만 집착하는 것은 주객전도이다.

Obsessing over patterns while ignoring the essence is putting the cart before the horse.

주객전도 is a four-character idiom (Saja-seong-eo) meaning 'reversal of host and guest'.

이 텍스트의 무늬는 작가의 무의식을 투영하고 있다.

The patterns of this text project the author's subconscious.

투영하다 (to project) and 무의식 (subconscious).

사회적 관계의 무늬가 복잡해질수록 개인의 고립은 심화된다.

As the patterns of social relations become more complex, individual isolation deepens.

심화되다 means 'to deepen' or 'to intensify'.

전통 무늬의 현대적 변용은 문화적 정체성을 확립하는 데 중요하다.

The modern transformation of traditional patterns is important in establishing cultural identity.

변용 (transformation) and 정체성 (identity).

무늬만 남은 관습은 과감히 타파해야 할 구습이다.

Customs that remain only in name are old habits that must be boldly abolished.

타파하다 (to abolish/break down) and 구습 (old custom).

우주의 무늬를 해독하려는 과학자들의 노력은 계속되고 있다.

Scientists' efforts to decode the patterns of the universe continue.

해독하다 (to decode/decipher).

언어의 무늬 속에는 그 민족의 혼이 깃들어 있다.

The spirit of the nation is embedded within the patterns of the language.

깃들어 있다 (to be embedded/to dwell in).

常见搭配

꽃무늬

줄무늬

체크무늬

나무 무늬

무늬가 화려하다

무늬를 넣다

무늬가 선명하다

물방울 무늬

기하학적 무늬

무늬만 [Noun]

常用短语

무늬가 예쁘다

— The pattern is pretty. Used commonly when shopping.

이 커튼 무늬가 정말 예쁘네요.

무늬가 없다

— To have no pattern (plain).

저는 무늬가 없는 깔끔한 스타일을 좋아해요.

무늬를 고르다

— To choose a pattern.

벽지 무늬를 고르는 게 생각보다 어렵네요.

무늬를 새기다

— To engrave or carve a pattern.

반지에 우리만의 무늬를 새겼어요.

무늬가 복잡하다

— The pattern is complex/busy.

무늬가 너무 복잡해서 눈이 아파요.

전통 무늬

— Traditional patterns.

한복의 전통 무늬는 우아한 멋이 있습니다.

얼룩무늬

— Spotted or mottled pattern (like a leopard or camouflage).

군복에는 얼룩무늬가 있습니다.

민무늬 토기

— Plain, patternless pottery (historical term).

역사 시간에 민무늬 토기에 대해 배웠어요.

무늬가 번지다

— The pattern is smudging or spreading (like ink).

세탁을 잘못해서 옷의 무늬가 번졌어요.

무늬를 맞추다

— To match or align patterns (in sewing or wallpapering).

도배할 때 무늬를 잘 맞춰야 해요.

容易混淆的词

무늬 vs 모양

Refers to the shape (star, circle), while 무늬 is the surface design.

무늬 vs 문의

Means 'inquiry'. Often pronounced the same [무니], so check the context.

무늬 vs 패턴

A loanword. Use for abstract behavior; 무늬 is for visual surfaces.

习语与表达

"무늬만 [Noun]"

— To be something in name only; superficial.

그는 무늬만 부자이지 빚이 아주 많아요.

Informal/Common

"무늬를 그리다"

— To plot or plan something (metaphorical, rare).

그는 머릿속으로 미래의 무늬를 그리고 있었다.

"무늬가 살다"

— For a pattern to 'come alive' or look very good/vivid.

조명을 받으니 드레스의 무늬가 확 사네요.

"무늬를 입히다"

— To apply a pattern or to give something a certain 'look'.

평범한 사실에 정치적 무늬를 입히지 마세요.

"무늬가 지워지다"

— For one's influence or characteristics to fade.

시간이 흐르면서 그의 개성이라는 무늬가 지워졌다.

"꽃무늬 인생"

— A life that is beautiful and flourishing (slang-ish).

이제부터는 내 인생도 꽃무늬 인생이었으면 좋겠어.

"무늬가 엇갈리다"

— For patterns (or people's paths/opinions) to cross or mismatch.

두 사람의 의견이 무늬처럼 엇갈리고 있다.

"무늬를 따다"

— To copy or take a pattern from somewhere.

이 디자인은 자연의 무늬를 따온 것입니다.

"무늬에 속다"

— To be deceived by appearances.

화려한 무늬에 속아 품질을 확인하지 못했다.

"무늬를 다듬다"

— To refine a design or a plan.

기획안의 세부 무늬를 다듬는 중입니다.

容易混淆

무늬 vs 그림

Both are visual designs.

그림 is a specific picture or drawing; 무늬 is a repetitive or decorative pattern.

티셔츠에 큰 호랑이 그림이 있어요. vs 호랑이 무늬 티셔츠예요.

무늬 vs 색깔

Patterns involve colors.

색깔 is just the color; 무늬 is the design formed by colors or lines.

색깔이 빨개요. vs 빨간 무늬가 있어요.

무늬 vs 문양

Very similar meaning.

문양 is more formal/academic/artistic; 무늬 is everyday language.

박물관의 문양 vs 옷의 무늬

무늬 vs 결

Both describe surface appearance.

결 refers to the natural grain or texture; 무늬 is the visual pattern created by that grain.

나무의 결이 고와요. vs 나무 무늬가 예뻐요.

무늬 vs 형태

Related to appearance.

형태 is the formal structure or shape; 무늬 is the surface decoration.

건물의 형태 vs 건물의 외벽 무늬

句型

이 [Object]은/는 [Type]무늬예요.

이 셔츠는 줄무늬예요.

[Object]에 [Adjective] 무늬가 있어요.

가방에 예쁜 무늬가 있어요.

저는 [Adjective] 무늬보다 [Adjective] 무늬를 좋아해요.

저는 복잡한 무늬보다 단순한 무늬를 좋아해요.

그는 무늬만 [Noun]이지 사실은 아니에요.

그는 무늬만 부자이지 사실은 돈이 없어요.

[Noun]의 무늬를 통해 [Abstract Concept]을 알 수 있다.

나이테의 무늬를 통해 나무의 나이를 알 수 있다.

무늬만 남은 [Noun]은/는 사라져야 한다.

무늬만 남은 형식주의는 사라져야 한다.

Mixed

[Noun] 무늬가 들어간 [Object]

꽃무늬가 들어간 원피스

Mixed

무늬를 [Verb]

무늬를 그리다 / 새기다 / 고르다

词族

名词

민무늬 (plain/no pattern)

꽃무늬 (floral)

줄무늬 (stripes)

속무늬 (inner pattern)

겉무늬 (outer pattern)

动词

무늬지다 (to become patterned - rare)

무늬놓다 (to set a pattern - artistic)

形容词

무늬 있는 (patterned)

무늬 없는 (plain)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in daily life, especially regarding fashion and home goods.

常见错误

Writing '무니' instead of '무늬'. → 무늬
Even though it's pronounced [무니], the correct spelling uses the 'ㅢ' vowel.
Using '무늬' for abstract patterns (like data). → 패턴
For abstract or behavioral patterns, use the loanword '패턴'. '무늬' is for visual surfaces.
Confusing '무늬' with '모양'. → 모양 (for shape)
If you mean the shape of the object itself, use '모양'. If you mean the print on it, use '무늬'.
Pronouncing '무늬' as 'mu-nui' with a strong diphthong. → [무니]
In standard speech, the 'ㅢ' after a consonant is simplified to 'ㅣ'.
Using '무늬' to mean a single drawing or picture. → 그림
'무늬' usually implies a decorative or repetitive design, not a single standalone illustration.

小贴士

Shopping Tip

When looking for clothes, just add the noun before '무늬'. For example: 꽃 (flower) + 무늬 = floral. 줄 (line) + 무늬 = striped.

The 'I' Sound

Remember that '무늬' sounds like 'Moo-ni'. If you try to say 'ui' clearly, it might sound a bit stiff or old-fashioned.

Describing Objects

Use the particle '에' to say where the pattern is. '이 옷에 무늬가 있어요' (There is a pattern on this clothing).

Traditional Art

If you visit a Korean palace, look at the ceilings. The colorful patterns are called '단청 무늬'.

Surface Only

Use '무늬만' when you want to criticize someone for being fake or superficial. '무늬만 친구' (A friend in name only).

Spelling Check

Always double-check the 'ㅢ' in '무늬'. It's a common spelling bee mistake for Korean learners!

Natural Patterns

Use '무늬' to describe the patterns on leaves, stones, or wood to sound more descriptive in your writing.

Pattern vs Shape

Keep '무늬' for the design and '모양' for the physical form. A star shape vs a star pattern.

Context Clues

If someone says [muni] in a store, they mean pattern. If they say it in an office, they might mean 'inquiry' (문의).

Artistic Expression

In poetry, '무늬' is often used to describe the 'patterns' of the soul or the 'patterns' of the wind on water.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Moon' (무) and 'Knee' (늬/니). Imagine a pattern of 'Moons' on your 'Knee' pants.

视觉联想

Picture a zebra. Its stripes are its '무늬'. Now picture a plain white shirt with 'Moon' shapes on it.

Word Web

꽃무늬 (Floral) 줄무늬 (Stripes) 체크무늬 (Checkered) 물방울무늬 (Polka dots) 얼룩무늬 (Spotted) 민무늬 (Plain) 나뭇결무늬 (Wood grain) 단청무늬 (Temple art)

挑战

Try to find 5 objects in your room right now and describe their '무늬' in Korean. (e.g., '이 이불은 꽃무늬예요')

词源

Native Korean word. It is believed to have evolved from historical forms where '문(文)' (meaning pattern/writing) was combined with native suffixes.

原始含义： A visual mark or design on a surface.

Koreanic

文化背景

No major sensitivities, but '무늬만 [Noun]' can be insulting as it implies someone is a fake.

In English, 'pattern' can be abstract (behavioral), but in Korean, '무늬' is almost always visual. Use '패턴' for abstract English meanings.

Goryeo Celadon (famous for 'Inlaid patterns') Saekdong Hanbok (traditional striped pattern) Dancheong (architectural patterns)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Shopping for clothes

꽃무늬 있어요?
무늬 없는 거 보여주세요.
줄무늬가 너무 진해요.
이 무늬 유행인가요?

Interior Design

벽지 무늬가 밝아요.
나무 무늬 바닥이 좋아요.
커튼 무늬를 맞춰주세요.
단순한 무늬로 골랐어요.

Describing Animals

호랑이 무늬가 멋져요.
표범 무늬 옷이에요.
얼룩말 줄무늬가 신기해요.
나비 날개 무늬 보세요.

Art and History

전통 무늬가 아름다워요.
이 도자기는 무늬가 없어요.
빗살무늬 토기를 아세요?
문양이 아주 정교해요.

Social Commentary

무늬만 대학생이에요.
무늬만 개혁입니다.
겉무늬에 속지 마세요.
무늬만 화려한 회사예요.

对话开场白

"이 옷의 무늬가 독특한데 어디서 샀어요?"

"어떤 스타일의 무늬를 가장 좋아하세요?"

"집에 무늬가 있는 벽지가 있나요?"

"요즘 한국에서 유행하는 옷 무늬가 뭐예요?"

"전통 무늬가 들어간 기념품을 사고 싶은데 추천해 줄 수 있어요?"

日记主题

오늘 내가 입은 옷의 무늬를 자세히 묘사해 보세요.

내가 만약 디자이너라면 어떤 무늬를 만들고 싶은지 써 보세요.

우리 집에서 가장 좋아하는 무늬가 있는 물건은 무엇인가요?

'무늬만 학생'인 적이 있었나요? 경험을 공유해 보세요.

자연에서 볼 수 있는 가장 아름다운 무늬는 무엇이라고 생각하나요?

常见问题

10 个问题

While it is written as '무늬' (mun-ui), it is almost always pronounced as [무니] (mu-ni) in standard Korean. This is because the 'ㅢ' vowel is simplified to 'ㅣ' when it follows a consonant other than 'ㅇ'.

No, '무늬' is strictly for visual patterns on surfaces. To describe a pattern of behavior, you should use the loanword '패턴' (paeteon) or the word '경향' (trend).

'꽃무늬' means a floral pattern (repeated flowers on fabric). '꽃 모양' means something is shaped like a flower (like a flower-shaped cookie).

Yes! It is the standard word for animal markings. For example, '호랑이 무늬' (tiger stripes) or '표범 무늬' (leopard spots).

It's a common idiom meaning someone is a student in name only. They might be enrolled in school but they don't study or attend classes. It implies superficiality.

Yes, '나무 무늬' or '나뭇결 무늬' are commonly used to describe the visual pattern seen on wood surfaces.

It is a neutral, everyday word. For a more formal or artistic context, Koreans often use '문양' (mun-yang).

You can say '무늬가 없어요' or use the specific word '민무늬' (plain pattern) or '무지' (plain fabric).

Usually not. A logo is '로고'. However, if a logo is repeated to create a pattern (like on a designer bag), you could call it a '로고 무늬'.

It's based on the historical etymology of the word. Many Korean words related to art or writing (like 문/文) historically used the 'ㅢ' vowel in certain combinations.

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