B1 · متوسط فصل 29

أتقن فن المبني للمجهول: تحدث كالمحترفين وبثقة!

7 القواعد الإجمالية
73 أمثلة
6 دقيقة

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Shift the focus from who did the action to what happened to the object.

  • Form the passive voice using 'be' and past participles.
  • Use reporting verbs to sound objective and professional.
  • Arrange services using the 'have something done' structure.
Master the art of objective and professional English.

ما ستتعلمه

أهلاً بك يا بطل! هل تساءلت يوماً كيف تنقل الأخبار أو تصف الأحداث دون التركيز دائماً على «من» فعلها؟ في هذا الفصل، سننطلق معاً لإتقان «المبني للمجهول» (The Passive Voice)، وهو السر الذي سيجعل لغتك تبدو أكثر سلاسة واحترافية. ستتعلم كيف تركز على الأفعال والنتائج باستخدام الماضي والمضارع البسيط (is made / was sent)، وهي مهارة أساسية في المواقف الرسمية أو عندما يكون الفاعل مجهولاً. هل تريد أن تبدو موضوعياً ومثقفاً؟ سنعلمك كيف تستخدم أفعال التقرير مثل

It is said that
(يُقال أن) لتبدو كأنك مذيع أخبار بارع، وكيف تدمج الأفعال المساعدة لتقول
It can be done
بكل ثقة. كما سنغطي قاعدة Have something done التي ستحتاجها في مواقف يومية حقيقية، مثل عندما تذهب لتصليح سيارتك أو تطلب خدمة معينة من شخص آخر. بنهاية هذا الفصل، ستكون قادراً على صياغة جمل مرنة وقوية، وستضيف لمسة من الرقي إلى محادثاتك وكتاباتك، مما يجعلك تتحدث الإنجليزية تماماً كالمتحدثين الأصليين في المواقف المهنية والاجتماعية على حد سواء. استعد للارتقاء بمستواك!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Describe manufacturing processes using the Present Simple Passive.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Report rumors or general beliefs using 'It is said that...'
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Talk about historical events and completed actions using the Past Simple Passive.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to: Explain services you've arranged, like repairs or haircuts, using 'have something done'.

دليل الفصل

نظرة عامة

Mastering English the passive voice is a crucial step for B1 English grammar learners looking to communicate with greater nuance and professionalism. Often, in English, we want to talk about actions or events without necessarily focusing on *who* performed them. Perhaps the doer is unknown, unimportant, or you simply want to keep the report objective.
This chapter is your comprehensive guide to understanding and using this powerful grammatical tool effectively.
You'll learn how to construct sentences where the action or the receiver of the action takes center stage, moving beyond simple active constructions. This includes describing regular habits or facts using the Present Simple Passive, like how products are manufactured. We'll also explore how to use reporting verbs such as
It is said that...
to share news or rumors objectively, focusing on the information itself rather than the speaker.
By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to confidently discuss
things happening to things,
report on completed actions using the Past Simple Passive, and even integrate modal verbs to express possibility or necessity in the passive form, such as
It can be done.
Get ready to add significant polish and professionalism to your English conversations and writing!

كيف تعمل هذه القاعدة

At its heart, the passive voice shifts the focus of a sentence from the doer of an action to the receiver or the action itself. Instead of
John built the house,
we might say
The house was built by John
(focus on house) or simply
The house was built
(if John is unimportant). The basic structure is: object + be (conjugated) + past participle.
Let's start with the basics. For routine actions or facts, we use the Present Simple Passive. For example,
Coffee is grown in Brazil
focuses on the coffee, not the farmer.
When we want to include modal verbs to express ability, necessity, or possibility, we combine the modal with 'be' and the past participle:
The report must be submitted by Friday.
Here, the report is the focus of the action, even if we don't know who submits it.
Then, there are those handy reporting verbs like 'say,' 'believe,' 'report.' These are fantastic for sharing information objectively. Instead of People say that..., you can use
It is said that the new policy will be announced soon.
This structure makes the information, not the source, the star. Similarly, for past actions where the result is more important, the Past Simple Passive comes into play:
The ancient city was discovered by archaeologists last century.
Notice how
things happening to things
often leads to passive usage, like
The car was manufactured in Germany
or
The package was sent last week.
It's all about emphasizing the action or the object experiencing it.

الأخطاء الشائعة

  1. 1Forgetting 'be' or using the wrong form of 'be'.
✗ The car repaired yesterday.
✓ The car was repaired yesterday.
*Explanation: The auxiliary verb 'be' (is, am, are, was, were, been) is essential for forming the passive voice. Without it, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.*
  1. 1Using the base form or -ing form instead of the past participle.
✗ The decisions must be make quickly.
✓ The decisions must be made quickly.
*Explanation: The main verb in a passive construction must always be in its past participle form (third form), not the base form or -ing form.*
  1. 1Overusing the passive voice when the active is more natural.
✗ The ball was kicked by the boy. The goal was scored by him.
✓ The boy kicked the ball and scored the goal.
*Explanation: While useful, the passive voice shouldn't replace the active voice when the doer is clear and the active voice sounds more direct and engaging. Use it when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or you want objectivity.*

محادثات حقيقية

1.

A

A

Have you heard about the new library opening?
B

B

Oh, yes! It is said that it will be opened next month. The final touches are being added now.

2.

A

A

My bike isn't working. I think the chain is broken.
B

B

That's a shame. It can be fixed, though. Maybe you should take it to a shop?
A

A

Yeah, it was bought second-hand, so it probably needs some maintenance.

3.

A

A

How was your trip to Rome?
B

B

It was amazing! The Colosseum was built thousands of years ago, and it's still so impressive. All the ancient ruins are protected by the government.

أسئلة شائعة

Q

When should I use the passive voice in English?

You should use the passive voice when the action itself or the receiver of the action is more important than the person or thing performing it. It’s also great for being objective, formal, or when the doer is unknown, as in

The window was broken.

Q

What's the main difference between active and passive voice?

In the active voice, the subject *performs* the action (e.g.,

The chef cooks the meal
). In the passive voice, the subject *receives* the action (e.g.,
The meal is cooked by the chef
). The focus of the sentence changes!

Q

How do I form the passive voice in English?

The basic structure for the passive voice is to be verb (conjugated) + past participle of the main verb. For example, for write, it becomes

is written
(Present Simple),
was written
(Past Simple), or
will be written
(Future Simple).

Q

Is the passive voice always formal?

Not always, but it does tend to sound more formal or academic, especially reporting passive structures like

It is believed that...
. However, it's also common in everyday speech when the doer is irrelevant or obvious, like
My car was stolen
or
Dinner is being prepared.

السياق الثقافي

Native English speakers use the passive voice frequently, often unconsciously, especially in formal writing like news reports, scientific papers, or official announcements. Think
The new law was passed yesterday
or
Experiments are conducted carefully.
In everyday informal conversation, it's also common when the doer is obvious or unimportant, for example,
My phone was stolen!
or
Dinner is being prepared.
While regional differences might affect specific vocabulary, the core uses of the passive voice remain consistent across most English-speaking regions.

أمثلة رئيسية (8)

1

English is spoken in many countries.

تُتحدث الإنجليزية في العديد من البلدان.

صيغة المجهول: التركيز على الأفعال (المجهول في المضارع البسيط)
2

New products are launched every season.

تُطلق منتجات جديدة كل موسم.

صيغة المجهول: التركيز على الأفعال (المجهول في المضارع البسيط)
3

The email `can be sent` to all participants after the final review.

El correo electrónico puede ser enviado a todos los participantes después de la revisión final.

صيغة المجهول مع الأفعال الناقصة: يمكن القيام به
4

Important announcements `should be posted` on the student portal regularly.

Los anuncios importantes deberían ser publicados en el portal estudiantil regularmente.

صيغة المجهول مع الأفعال الناقصة: يمكن القيام به
5

It is said that the new movie is fantastic; everyone's talking about it on TikTok.

يُقال إن الفيلم الجديد رائع؛ الكل يتحدث عنه على تيك توك.

المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)
6

The CEO is expected to announce significant changes during the Zoom meeting tomorrow.

يُتوقع أن يعلن الرئيس التنفيذي عن تغييرات مهمة خلال اجتماع زوم غدًا.

المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)
7

It is said that the new coffee shop has the best matcha lattes.

يقال إن مقهى القهوة الجديد لديه أفضل ماتشا لاتيه.

صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'
8

She is believed to be one of the most innovative programmers on the team.

يُعتقد أنها واحدة من أكثر المبرمجين ابتكاراً في الفريق.

صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'

نصائح وحيل (4)

💡

ركّز على النتيجة

المبني للمجهول في المضارع البسيط بيركز على *النتيجة* أو *الفعل نفسه*، مش على مين قام فيه. اسأل حالك: هل الفاعل مهم هون؟ لو لأ، غالباً المبني للمجهول هو خيارك الأفضل. مثلاً، لما تحكي عن منتج جديد:
The product is made in Germany.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول: التركيز على الأفعال (المجهول في المضارع البسيط)
🎯

The 'By' Test

If you can add 'by zombies' to the end of your sentence and it still makes sense grammatically, it's a passive sentence! (e.g., 'The door must be opened... by zombies.')
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول مع الأفعال الناقصة: يمكن القيام به
💡

اختر 'It' المناسبة

تذكر تستخدم
It is said that...
لما تبغى تقول جملة عامة أو ما تبغى تحدد مين اللي قالها. كأنها «الناس تقول» بشكل عام.
It is said that practice makes perfect.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)
🎯

اختار نمطك بذكاء

لو تبي تركز على المعلومة نفسها ابدأ بـ It، ولو تبي تركز على الشخص ابدأ فيه:
He is said to be...
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'

المفردات الرئيسية (6)

manufacture to make something on a large scale using machinery rumor a story or statement in general circulation without confirmation service to maintain or repair a vehicle or machine claim to state that something is the case, typically without proof deliver to bring and hand over a letter, package, or goods renovate to restore something old to a good state of repair

Real-World Preview

tv

At the Local News Station

heart

Getting Ready for a Wedding

Review Summary

  • Subject + am/is/are + Past Participle
  • Subject + was/were + Past Participle
  • Subject + have + object + Past Participle

أخطاء شائعة

Many learners forget the verb 'to be'. Without 'was' or 'is', it's just a participle, not a full passive verb.

Wrong: The cake made by my mom.
صحيح: The cake was made by my mom.

If you say 'I had cut my hair', it means you did it yourself (Past Perfect). Use 'have + object + participle' for services.

Wrong: I had cut my hair.
صحيح: I had my hair cut.

Reporting verbs in the passive must always be in the past participle form (said, thought, believed), not the base form.

Wrong: It is say that he is a hero.
صحيح: It is said that he is a hero.

القواعد في هذا الفصل (7)

Next Steps

You've just leveled up your English significantly! The passive voice is a hallmark of the B1 level. Keep practicing, and you'll be sounding like a native speaker in no time.

Read a news article and highlight every passive sentence you find.

Describe your morning routine as a process: 'The coffee is brewed, the mail is checked...'

تدريب سريع (10)

ابحث عن الخطأ في الجملة وصححه.

Find and fix the mistake:

The message send to everyone in the group chat.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The message was sent to everyone in the group chat.
الجملة تحتاج إلى شكل من أشكال 'to be' ('was') والتصريف الثالث للفعل 'send' ('sent') لتكوين المبني للمجهول. الفعل ضمنيًا في الماضي.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول: أشياء تحدث لأشياء (يُصنع، أُرسل)

Complete the sentence with the correct form of the Past Simple Passive.

The letter ___ (post) yesterday morning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: was posted
We use 'was' for singular (letter) and the past participle 'posted'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: الماضي البسيط المبني للمجهول: الأفعال المكتملة (فُعِلَ/فُعِلتْ)

ابحث عن الخطأ وصححه في الجملة.

Find and fix the mistake:

The actor is reported having a new role in a Netflix series.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The actor is reported to have a new role in a Netflix series.
عند استخدام تركيب 'Subject + is + past participle + to-infinitive'، يجب أن يتبع 'to' الفعل في صورته الأساسية ('have')، وليس شكل -ing ('having').

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)

Choose the correct passive sentence.

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The pyramids were built by Egyptians.
'Pyramids' is plural (were) and 'built' is the correct V3.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: الماضي البسيط المبني للمجهول: الأفعال المكتملة (فُعِلَ/فُعِلتْ)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I had my hair cut.
Correct causative structure.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Have Something Done: Arranging for Someone Else to Do It

Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

The application form must ___ (sign) by the applicant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: be signed
The formula is Modal (must) + be + Past Participle (signed).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول مع الأفعال الناقصة: يمكن القيام به

أي جملة تستخدم تركيب المبني للمجهول التبليغي بشكل صحيح؟

اختر الجملة الصحيحة:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: It is known that climate change is a serious issue.
التركيب الصحيح للمبني للمجهول غير الشخصي هو 'It is + past participle + that-clause'. أداة الربط 'that' تقدم المعلومة المُبلغ عنها.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)

لقيت الخطأ؟ صلحه في الجملة التالية.

Find and fix the mistake:

It believed that laughter is the best medicine.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: It is believed that laughter is the best medicine.
صيغة المبني للمجهول لازم تبدأ بـ 'It is' قبل التصريف الثالث للفعل.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'

اختر الشكل الصحيح لإكمال الجملة.

It ___ that the new restaurant serves amazing vegan food.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is believed
للتركيب المبني للمجهول غير الشخصي 'It is + past participle + that-clause'، نستخدم 'is' مع 'It' المفرد والتصريف الثالث للفعل التبليغي.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: المبني للمجهول: أفعال الإبلاغ (يقال أن...)

اختار الصيغة الصحيحة لتكملة الجملة.

The new policy ___ expected to increase student engagement.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
الفاعل 'The new policy' مفرد، عشان كذا نحتاج 'is' لتكوين صيغة المبني للمجهول.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'

Score: /10

أسئلة شائعة (6)

الهدف الرئيسي منه هو تسليط الضوء على الفعل ومتلقي الفعل، بدلاً من الشخص أو الشيء الذي يقوم به. ممتاز لما يكون الفاعل مجهول أو غير مهم، زي:
The dishes are washed daily.
بتشكله باستخدام الشكل الصحيح من فعل 'to be' (am, is, or are) متبوعاً بالتصريف الثالث للفعل الرئيسي (V3). على سبيل المثال:
The emails are sent.
Yes, in informal English you can say 'It might get done,' but 'be' is much more common and safer for B1 learners.
English doesn't allow two modals together. You can't say 'It might can be done.' Use 'It might be possible to do it' instead.
أفعال التبليغ هي أفعال مثل 'say', 'think', 'believe', 'know' وغيرها، نستخدمها عشان ننقل اللي قاله أو فكر فيه شخص آخر. في صيغة المبني للمجهول، تساعدنا ننقل المعلومات بدون ما نحتاج نحدد المصدر الأصلي. "People say he's a genius.« تصبح »He is said to be a genius."
هذا التركيب نستخدمه لما يكون مصدر المعلومة عام، أو مجهول، أو مو مهم. يعطي نبرة أكثر رسمية وموضوعية، ويركز على المعلومة المُبلغ عنها نفسها. مثل:
It is believed that the market will recover.
(يُعتقد أن السوق سيتعافى).