يَتَأَخَّر در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Yata'akhkhar means to be late or delayed.
- It is a Form V verb from the root '-kh-r'.
- Commonly used with the preposition 'an' (late for).
- Applicable to people, transport, and abstract concepts.
The Arabic verb يَتأَخَّر (yata'akhkhar) is a cornerstone of temporal expression in the Arabic language. Rooted in the three-letter sequence أ-خ-ر (Hamza-Kha-Ra), which fundamentally relates to the concept of 'the end,' 'the back,' or 'the latter,' this Form V verb specifically denotes the act of being late, falling behind, or experiencing a delay. Unlike its Form II counterpart أخّر (to delay something else), يَتأَخَّر is intransitive, meaning the subject itself is the one experiencing the lateness. In a cultural context where time can be perceived fluidly, understanding the nuances of this word is essential for navigating social, professional, and academic environments in the Arab world. It covers everything from a bus being five minutes late to a developmental delay in a project or even a person lagging behind in a race. The beauty of this verb lies in its versatility; it is as much about physical positioning as it is about chronological timing. When you say someone is يَتأَخَّر, you are placing them 'after' the expected point in time or space. This section explores the deep semantic layers of the word, its morphological structure, and how it differentiates itself from other time-related verbs. We will look at how the prefix تـ and the shadda on the خ transform the root meaning into a reflexive or state-changing action. This verb is not just about a clock; it is about the relationship between an actor and the flow of events.
- Grammatical Category
- Verb (Form V - Tafa''ala), Present Tense, Masculine Singular.
- Core Concept
- Temporal or spatial lag relative to a standard or expectation.
- Prepositional Link
- Often used with 'عن' (an) to specify what one is late for.
"الطالب المجتهد لا يَتأَخَّر عن دروسه أبدًا."
— The diligent student is never late for his lessons.
"لماذا يَتأَخَّر القطار اليوم؟"
— Why is the train delayed today?
"لا تَتأَخَّر، نحن ننتظرك."
— Don't be late; we are waiting for you.
"يَتأَخَّر المطر في هذا الفصل."
— The rain is late (delayed) in this season.
"النمو الاقتصادي قد يَتأَخَّر بسبب الأزمة."
— Economic growth might be delayed due to the crisis.
Using يَتأَخَّر correctly requires an understanding of its conjugation and its relationship with prepositions. As a Form V verb, it follows a predictable pattern: تأخر - يتأخر - تأخراً. The most common preposition used with this verb is عن (an). When you are late 'for' something, you are late 'from' it in Arabic logic. For example, 'I am late for work' translates to أنا أتأخر عن العمل. This section will break down the conjugation across different pronouns and provide practical scenarios for its application. We will discuss the difference between being physically late and being late in terms of progress. For instance, in an academic context, a student might يَتأَخَّر in their studies, meaning they are falling behind their peers. In a mechanical context, a clock might يَتأَخَّر, meaning it is running slow. Understanding these contexts allows for a more natural use of the language. We will also explore the imperative form لا تتأخر (don't be late), which is ubiquitous in daily conversation. The verb can also be used in the passive sense metaphorically, though it is primarily active. We will examine how to use it in the past tense تأخر and the future tense سيتأخر. The nuances of the shadda on the middle radical are vital for pronunciation; failing to emphasize it can change the meaning or make the word unrecognizable. This section provides a comprehensive guide to mastering the flow and function of this essential verb in various sentence structures.
- Conjugation Table (Present)
- أنا أتأخر، أنتَ تتأخر، هي تتأخر، هو يتأخر، نحن نتأخر.
- Common Objects
- العمل (work), المدرسة (school), الموعد (appointment), الطائرة (plane).
- Adverbial Pairings
- كثيراً (a lot), قليلاً (a little), دائماً (always).
The verb يَتأَخَّر is heard in a multitude of environments, ranging from the mundane to the highly formal. In transportation hubs like airports and train stations, you will frequently hear announcements regarding delays: "سوف يتأخر إقلاع الرحلة رقم..." (The departure of flight number... will be delayed). In the workplace, it is the standard word used when explaining why a colleague hasn't arrived or why a project is behind schedule. In social settings, it is often used in the context of 'don't be late' or 'sorry I'm late.' You will also find it in news reports discussing economic or political delays, such as "يتأخر تشكيل الحكومة الجديدة" (The formation of the new government is being delayed). In literature and poetry, it might be used to describe the late arrival of spring or the delayed realization of a truth. Even in the household, parents use it with children: "لا تتأخر في العودة إلى البيت" (Don't be late coming home). This section categorizes these environments and provides the specific phrases you are likely to encounter. By recognizing the patterns in which يَتأَخَّر appears, you can better predict its meaning and respond appropriately. Whether it's a formal broadcast or a casual text message, this verb is an essential part of the Arabic auditory landscape. We will also touch upon how different dialects might modify the pronunciation, though the root and the core verb remain remarkably consistent across the Arab world.
One of the most frequent errors learners make with يَتأَخَّر is confusing it with its transitive cousin, أخّر (akhkhara). While يَتأَخَّر means 'to be late' (intransitive), أخّر means 'to delay [something]' (transitive). For example, you cannot say 'I delayed the meeting' using تأخرت; you must use أخّرت. Another common mistake involves the preposition. Many English speakers try to use لـ (for) because of the English 'late for,' but in Arabic, the correct preposition is almost always عن (from/about). Saying تأخرت للمدرسة is a common 'Arabish' mistake; the correct form is تأخرت عن المدرسة. Additionally, learners often struggle with the pronunciation of the Hamza and the Shadda. The word is ya-ta-'akh-khar, with a distinct stop and a doubled 'kh' sound. Skipping these nuances can lead to confusion with words like يتخرّج (to graduate). We will also discuss the misuse of the verb in the context of 'being slow.' While يَتأَخَّر implies a delay in time, بطيء (batee') refers to the speed of movement. Using one for the other can lead to unnatural-sounding sentences. This section provides clear examples of these mistakes and how to fix them, ensuring your Arabic remains precise and idiomatic.
While يَتأَخَّر is the most common word for being late, several other words share its semantic space. تخلف (takhal-lafa) is often used for 'falling behind' or 'lagging,' especially in a developmental or competitive sense. For instance, a country might تتخلف in technology. أبطأ (abta'a) means 'to slow down' or 'to be slow,' focusing on the rate of speed rather than the arrival time. تمهل (tamah-hala) means 'to take one's time' or 'to act slowly and deliberately,' which has a more positive or neutral connotation than being late. أرجأ (arja'a) and سوف (saw-wafa) are used for 'postponing' or 'putting off' tasks. Understanding these distinctions is key to achieving C1/C2 level fluency. This section compares يَتأَخَّر with these synonyms, providing context-specific examples for each. We will also look at antonyms like بكر (bakkara - to be early) and أسرع (asra'a - to hurry). By building a web of related terms, you can choose the exact word that fits your intended meaning, whether you are describing a late train, a slow worker, or a postponed meeting.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Form V Verb Patterns
Preposition 'an' usage
Negation with 'la'
Future tense with 'sawfa'
Masdar formation
مثالها بر اساس سطح
أنا أتأخر.
I am late.
First person singular present tense.
هو يتأخر عن المدرسة.
He is late for school.
Use of 'an' for 'late for'.
لا تتأخر!
Don't be late!
Imperative with 'la' (prohibition).
الباص يتأخر.
The bus is late.
Subject-verb agreement (masculine).
لماذا تتأخر؟
Why are you late?
Interrogative sentence.
نحن نتأخر دائماً.
We are always late.
Use of the adverb 'da'iman'.
هي لا تتأخر.
She is not late.
Negative present tense.
أنت تتأخر كثيراً.
You are late a lot.
Use of 'kathiran' as an adverb.
القطار يتأخر عشر دقائق.
The train is ten minutes late.
Specifying duration of delay.
يتأخر المطر في الصيف.
The rain is late in summer.
Verb preceding the subject.
هل يتأخر الطبيب عادة؟
Is the doctor usually late?
Question with 'hal'.
أتأخر عن العمل بسبب الزحام.
I am late for work because of traffic.
Using 'bi-sabab' (because of).
سوف يتأخر أخي في العودة.
My brother will be late coming back.
Future tense with 'sawfa'.
لماذا يتأخر الطعام؟
Why is the food late?
Context of service delay.
لا تتأخر عن الموعد.
Don't be late for the appointment.
Formal use of 'maw'id'.
يتأخر التلاميذ في الصباح.
The students are late in the morning.
Plural subject with singular verb (standard Arabic).
إذا يتأخر المدير، سنبدأ الاجتماع.
If the manager is late, we will start the meeting.
Conditional sentence.
أعتذر لأنني أتأخر عن المحاضرة.
I apologize because I am late for the lecture.
Using 'li-annani' (because I).
يتأخر وصول الطائرة بسبب الضباب.
The arrival of the plane is delayed due to fog.
Masdar 'wusul' as the subject.
قد يتأخر الرد على رسالتك.
The reply to your letter might be delayed.
Use of 'qad' for possibility.
لماذا يتأخر صرف الرواتب؟
Why is the payment of salaries delayed?
Administrative context.
يتأخر نمو هذه النبتة.
The growth of this plant is delayed.
Biological context.
لا يجب أن يتأخر المشروع أكثر.
The project must not be delayed any further.
Use of 'la yajibu an'.
يتأخر الوقت ونحن لم ننتهِ.
Time is getting late and we haven't finished.
Metaphorical use of 'time being late'.
يتأخر الإصلاح الاقتصادي في بعض الدول.
Economic reform is lagging in some countries.
Abstract political context.
غالباً ما يتأخر المبدعون في نيل التقدير.
Creative people are often late in receiving recognition.
Use of 'ghaliban ma'.
يتأخر الطالب في فهم الدروس المعقدة.
The student lags in understanding complex lessons.
Cognitive delay context.
لماذا يتأخر القضاء في إصدار الأحكام؟
Why is the judiciary delayed in issuing rulings?
Legal/Institutional context.
يتأخر ظهور النتائج النهائية للانتخابات.
The appearance of the final election results is delayed.
Political context.
قد يتأخر الشفاء إذا لم تلتزم بالعلاج.
Healing might be delayed if you don't stick to the treatment.
Medical context.
يتأخر الربيع هذا العام بشكل ملحوظ.
Spring is notably late this year.
Environmental context.
يتأخر الفريق في تسجيل الأهداف.
The team is lagging in scoring goals.
Sports context.
يتأخر الوعي الجمعي أحياناً عن التطور التكنولوجي.
Collective consciousness sometimes lags behind technological development.
Sociological/Philosophical context.
لا يتأخر التاريخ في كشف الحقائق المخفية.
History is never late in revealing hidden truths.
Personification of history.
يتأخر صدى الصوت في هذا الوادي العميق.
The echo of the voice is delayed in this deep valley.
Physical/Acoustic context.
يتأخر تطبيق القانون بسبب البيروقراطية.
The application of the law is delayed due to bureaucracy.
Legal/Social critique.
يتأخر الفجر في الشتاء الطويل.
Dawn is delayed in the long winter.
Poetic/Natural context.
يتأخر نضج الثمار بسبب نقص المياه.
The ripening of fruits is delayed due to water shortage.
Agricultural context.
يتأخر المهاجرون في الاندماج أحياناً.
Immigrants sometimes lag in integration.
Social context.
يتأخر العقل في استيعاب الصدمات الكبيرة.
The mind is slow to process major shocks.
Psychological context.
يتأخر تجلي الحقيقة في غياهب السياسة.
The manifestation of truth is delayed in the depths of politics.
High literary register.
قد يتأخر السداد لكن الحق لا يضيع.
Repayment may be delayed, but justice is never lost.
Proverbial style.
يتأخر الانعكاس الضوئي في الأوساط الكثيفة.
Light reflection is delayed in dense media.
Scientific/Technical context.
يتأخر الشعراء في الوصول إلى جوهر المعنى.
Poets are late in reaching the essence of meaning.
Metaphorical/Artistic context.
يتأخر البت في القضايا الشائكة.
The deciding on thorny issues is delayed.
Formal administrative/Legal.
يتأخر التفاعل الكيميائي عند درجات الحرارة المنخفضة.
The chemical reaction is delayed at low temperatures.
Scientific context.
يتأخر استجابة السوق للتقلبات المفاجئة.
The market's response to sudden fluctuations is delayed.
Economic/Financial register.
يتأخر المرء في فهم نفسه أحياناً.
One is sometimes late in understanding oneself.
Philosophical/Existential.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Transitive: I delayed the meeting.
Intransitive: I am late.
Adjective: Slow speed.
Noun: Rear/End.
Adjective: Other/Last.
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
Refers to being at the back of a line.
Refers to progress or development.
Refers to time.
- Using 'li' instead of 'an' for 'late for'.
- Confusing 'yata'akhkhar' (to be late) with 'akhkhara' (to delay).
- Forgetting the shadda on the 'kh'.
- Using it as a transitive verb with a direct object.
- Mispronouncing the initial Hamza.
نکات
Preposition Choice
Always use 'an' when you are late for a specific event. This is different from English where we use 'for'. Remembering this will make your Arabic sound much more native. It is a very common mistake for beginners.
The Shadda
Don't ignore the double 'kh'. The shadda is crucial for Form V verbs. It provides the rhythmic structure of the word. Practice saying it slowly: ya-ta-akh-khar.
Transport Delays
When listening to airport announcements, listen for 'sayat-akhkhar'. This is the future tense 'will be delayed'. It is usually followed by the reason, like 'fog' or 'technical issues'. This is vital for travelers.
Making Excuses
If you are late, use 'Asif 'ala al-ta'akhkhur' (Sorry for the delay). It is the most polite way to apologize. It uses the masdar form of the verb. This is better than just saying 'I am late'.
Root Recognition
Recognize the root '-kh-r' in other words like 'akhir' (last). This helps you build a semantic map of the language. All these words relate to the end or being behind. It makes learning new vocabulary easier.
Abstract Lateness
Use this verb for more than just time. It works for students falling behind in class too. It is a great way to describe progress. It shows you have a deeper grasp of the verb's meaning.
Dialect Variations
In some dialects, the 'ya' might be dropped or shortened. However, the 'ta'akhkhar' part usually stays recognizable. Listen for the 'kh' sound as your anchor. It is the most distinct part of the word.
Synonym Nuance
While 'yata'akhkhar' is general, 'takhal-lafa' is more for 'lagging'. Use 'yata'akhkhar' for time and 'takhal-lafa' for development. This distinction is important for B2 level and above. It adds precision to your speech.
Imperative Form
The command 'La tata'akhkhar' is very useful. Use it when giving directions or setting a meeting time. It is a firm but standard way to ensure punctuality. It is one of the most useful phrases for beginners.
Visual Association
Imagine a clock with hands moving backwards. Or imagine the word 'After' written in the 'kh' sound. Visualizing the concept of 'after-ness' helps. It links the Arabic root to the English meaning.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'After' - 'Akhir' means 'last/after'. 'Yata-akhkhar' is the action of becoming 'after' the scheduled time.
ریشه کلمه
Semitic root '-kh-r' meaning back, end, or following.
بافت فرهنگی
Being late for a meal is often excused, but being late for a business meeting is not.
Prayer times are fixed, so 'yata'akhkhar' regarding prayer is a serious matter.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"هل تتأخر عادة في الصباح؟"
"ماذا تفعل إذا تأخر الباص؟"
"هل يتأخر أصدقاؤك عن المواعيد؟"
"لماذا يتأخر المطر هذا العام؟"
"كيف تعتذر إذا تأخرت؟"
موضوعات نگارش
اكتب عن مرة تأخرت فيها عن موعد مهم.
هل تعتقد أن الناس يتأخرون كثيراً في بلدك؟
ما هي أسباب تأخر المشاريع الكبيرة؟
صف شعورك عندما يتأخر شخص تنتظره.
كيف تنظم وقتك لكي لا تتأخر؟
سوالات متداول
10 سوال'Yata'akhkhar' is intransitive, meaning the subject is late. 'Akhkhara' is transitive, meaning the subject delays something else. For example, 'I am late' vs 'I delayed the flight.' This is a common point of confusion for students. Always check if there is an object receiving the delay.
The most common preposition is 'عن' (an). It is used to indicate what the subject is late for. For example, 'yata'akhkhar 'an al-dars' (late for the lesson). Occasionally, 'في' (fi) is used for being late in a process. But 'an' is the standard for appointments.
Yes, it is used for anything that can be delayed. This includes trains, planes, rain, projects, and even abstract ideas like justice. If it has a scheduled or expected time, it can 'yata'akhkhar.' It is not limited to human subjects. This makes it a very versatile verb.
You say 'La tata'akhkhar' (لا تتأخر) for a male and 'La tata'akhkhari' (لا تتأخري) for a female. It is a very common command in daily life. You can add 'alayna' (on us) to mean 'Don't be late for us.' It is polite yet direct. Use it with friends and family.
The past tense is 'ta'akhkhara' (تأخر). For example, 'ta'akhkhara al-qitar' means 'the train was late.' It follows the same Form V pattern. The conjugation changes based on the subject. 'Ta'akhkhartu' means 'I was late.' It is used frequently in excuses.
Yes, it often means to lag behind others. This can be in a race, in school grades, or in economic development. In this context, it implies a comparison with a group. 'Yata'akhkhar 'an al-rakb' is a common idiom for this. It suggests a lack of progress.
Yes, the verbal noun (masdar) is 'ta'akhkhur' (تأخُّر). You might see this on airport screens. For example, 'ta'akhkhur fi al-rihla' (delay in the flight). It is a masculine noun. It is used in formal reports and news.
The shadda is on the 'kh' sound. You should hold the 'kh' sound for a split second longer. It sounds like 'ya-ta-'akh-khar.' If you don't pronounce it, the word might sound like 'yata'akhar,' which is incorrect. Practice by stressing the 'kh'.
It is used in both formal and informal Arabic. It is a standard Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) word. Most dialects use a variation of this root. In formal news, it sounds perfectly natural. In a street conversation, it is also the go-to word.
The opposite is 'yubakkir' (to be early) or 'yataqaddam' (to advance). If you want to say someone is early, use 'bakkara.' If you want to say something is ahead of schedule, use 'taqaddama.' These are the most direct antonyms in a temporal sense.
خودت رو بسنج 179 سوال
/ 179 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The verb 'yata'akhkhar' is the standard way to express being late in Arabic. It is intransitive, focuses on the subject's delay, and is essential for daily time-related communication and formal announcements.
- Yata'akhkhar means to be late or delayed.
- It is a Form V verb from the root '-kh-r'.
- Commonly used with the preposition 'an' (late for).
- Applicable to people, transport, and abstract concepts.
Preposition Choice
Always use 'an' when you are late for a specific event. This is different from English where we use 'for'. Remembering this will make your Arabic sound much more native. It is a very common mistake for beginners.
The Shadda
Don't ignore the double 'kh'. The shadda is crucial for Form V verbs. It provides the rhythmic structure of the word. Practice saying it slowly: ya-ta-akh-khar.
Transport Delays
When listening to airport announcements, listen for 'sayat-akhkhar'. This is the future tense 'will be delayed'. It is usually followed by the reason, like 'fog' or 'technical issues'. This is vital for travelers.
Making Excuses
If you are late, use 'Asif 'ala al-ta'akhkhur' (Sorry for the delay). It is the most polite way to apologize. It uses the masdar form of the verb. This is better than just saying 'I am late'.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر travel
عاد
A1بازگشتن به مکان یا حالت قبلی.
عَادَ
A1بازگشتن، برگشتن. مسافر به وطن خود بازگشت. (عَادَ المُسَافِرُ إِلَى وَطَنِهِ). او دیگر در اینجا کار نمیکند. (لَمْ يَعُدْ يَعْمَلُ هُنَا).
أعود
A1من برمیگردم، من بازمیگردم. مثال: من به خانه برمیگردم. (أعود إلى البيت).
عاصمة
A1پایتخت یک کشور. تهران پایتخت ایران است.
عَبَرَ
A2از یک طرف به طرف دیگر عبور کردن. او با خیال راحت از خیابان عبور کرد.
عمرة
A2عمره یک زیارت کوچک و داوطلبانه به مکه است که شامل مناسک خاصی مانند طواف دور کعبه میشود. این عمل به شدت توصیه شده و در هر زمان از سال قابل انجام است.
عودة
A1بازگشت (return).
إِجَازَة
B1من برای استراحت پس از یک سال طولانی کار مرخصی گرفتم. پزشک به او یک هفته مرخصی استعلاجی داد.
أغادر
A1من یک مکان را ترک می کنم.
إقلاع
A2برخاستن هواپیما از زمین.
