甘える در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Amaeru means to act spoiled or fawn, relying on others' kindness.
- It's common in close relationships like family and romance.
- It implies expecting indulgence due to affection.
- It differs from mere selfishness or flattery.
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- The Japanese verb '甘える' (amaeru) describes a specific type of behavior that is deeply ingrained in Japanese culture, though the concept can be understood in English as 'to be spoiled,' 'to fawn,' or 'to behave like a pampered child.' It's not simply about being naughty or demanding; rather, it refers to relying on the kindness and indulgence of others, often those with whom one has a close relationship, and acting in a way that expects special treatment or leniency. This often involves a playful, sometimes even childlike, demeanor, where the person expects their needs and desires to be met without having to exert much effort or be overly considerate of the other person's convenience. It's a way of testing the boundaries of a relationship and confirming the affection and acceptance of the other person. The word carries connotations of vulnerability and a desire for comfort and security, often by leveraging the emotional connection one has with someone else. It's a nuanced term that highlights the importance of interdependence and emotional bonds in Japanese society. Unlike in many Western cultures where such behavior might be seen purely negatively, in Japan, 'amaeru' can sometimes be viewed as a sign of trust and intimacy, especially within families or close friendships, though it can also be a source of frustration if overused or if the other party feels taken advantage of. The act of 'amaeru' involves a subtle understanding of social dynamics and emotional cues, where the person attempting to 'amaeru' anticipates how their actions will be received and adjusts accordingly. It's a delicate dance of dependency and affection, where the giver of indulgence often feels a sense of warmth and fulfillment in being able to provide comfort and care, while the receiver experiences a sense of being cherished and protected. The concept was famously explored by the psychoanalyst Takeo Doi in his book 'The Anatomy of Dependence,' where he posited that the ability to 'amaeru' is a fundamental aspect of human psychology and is particularly pronounced in Japanese culture, stemming from the infant's innate need to depend on its mother. Therefore, 'amaeru' is not just about being spoiled; it's about expressing a fundamental human need for connection and security in a culturally specific way. It can manifest in various situations, from a child asking their parent for a favor they could do themselves, to a romantic partner expecting their significant other to cater to their whims, or even an employee subtly expecting their boss to overlook minor mistakes due to their long-standing relationship. The key is the underlying assumption of goodwill and affection from the recipient of the 'amaeru' behavior.
子供は母親に甘えるのが好きだ。
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- The term 'amaeru' can also be used in a more general sense to describe a feeling of dependency or a desire to be taken care of, even by people outside of one's immediate family. For instance, someone might 'amaeru' towards a close friend, expecting them to listen to their problems or offer support without being explicitly asked. This behavior is often characterized by a certain charm or playfulness, making it difficult for the other person to refuse. It taps into the giver's desire to be helpful and nurturing, creating a positive feedback loop. However, it's important to note that 'amaeru' is not about manipulation in a malicious sense. It's more about a subconscious or conscious expression of one's need for connection and reassurance. The success of 'amaeru' often depends on the existing relationship and the willingness of the other person to indulge in this behavior. In romantic relationships, 'amaeru' can be seen as a way of deepening intimacy, but if one partner consistently 'amaeru's without reciprocating care, it can lead to resentment. Understanding this nuance is crucial for effective communication and healthy relationships in Japan. The cultural context is vital here; what might be considered excessive or inappropriate in one culture can be a normal and accepted part of social interaction in another. For example, a boss might tolerate a junior employee 'amaeru'ing by asking for help with tasks they could manage themselves, as a way of fostering loyalty and a team spirit, provided it doesn't hinder productivity. Conversely, if this behavior becomes a pattern and affects workflow, it would likely be addressed. The ability to 'amaeru' is often seen as a skill, a way of navigating social relationships by skillfully eliciting care and support. It involves an awareness of the other person's feelings and a degree of emotional intelligence to gauge how much one can 'amaeru' without overstepping boundaries. This is why it's often associated with charm and a positive attitude, rather than outright demanding behavior.
彼は彼女に甘えるのが上手だ。
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- In adult relationships, 'amaeru' can be a way to express trust and deepen intimacy. When one partner allows themselves to 'amaeru,' they are essentially saying, 'I trust you enough to let down my guard and rely on you.' This can be very bonding. However, it's a delicate balance. If the 'amaeru'ing becomes one-sided, or if it's perceived as manipulative or demanding, it can strain the relationship. The key is reciprocity and mutual understanding. A healthy dynamic involves both partners feeling comfortable expressing their needs and being able to support each other. For example, a partner might 'amaeru' by asking for a foot massage after a long day, expecting their partner to understand their fatigue and offer comfort. This is different from demanding that the partner stop their own activities to attend to them. The former is an invitation for connection, while the latter can be seen as an imposition. The cultural understanding of 'amaeru' allows for a certain degree of this 'indulgence' within close relationships, fostering a sense of security and mutual care. It’s about creating a safe space where vulnerability is accepted and met with kindness. This concept is deeply intertwined with the Japanese notion of 'uchi' (inside/us) and 'soto' (outside/them), where such behaviors are more readily accepted within the 'uchi' group.
彼女は疲れている時、彼に甘える。
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- The verb '甘える' (amaeru) is typically used in its masu-form (甘えます - amaemasu) for polite speech, or its plain form (甘える - amaeru) in casual conversation. It can also be conjugated like other ichidan verbs. For example, in the past tense, it becomes 甘えた (amaeta). When used as a noun, the concept is often referred to as '甘え' (amae), which is the state of being spoiled or indulged. The structure usually involves a subject performing the action of 'amaeru' towards an object or person, often indicated by the particle 'に' (ni) or 'と' (to). For example, a child might 'amaeru' to their mother (子供が母親に甘える - kodomo ga hahaoya ni amaeru), or a girlfriend might 'amaeru' to her boyfriend (彼女が彼氏に甘える - kanojo ga kareshi ni amaeru). The context often implies that the person expects special treatment, kindness, or forgiveness. It's not about demanding, but rather about inviting indulgence through a certain demeanor or appeal. Think of it as a persuasive tactic that relies on emotional connection rather than logical argument. The nuance lies in the expectation of a positive response based on the existing relationship. The person 'amaeru'ing is essentially testing the strength of the bond and the other person's willingness to be generous. This can be observed in various scenarios: a student might 'amaeru' to a teacher by asking for an extension on an assignment, hoping the teacher's fondness for them will lead to leniency. Or, in a professional setting, a subordinate might subtly 'amaeru' to their superior by highlighting their hard work and hoping for a more favorable evaluation, even if performance was slightly below par. The key is that the request or behavior is framed in a way that solicits sympathy or affection. This is a very common verb in everyday Japanese, especially when discussing family dynamics, romantic relationships, and even certain workplace interactions where a sense of camaraderie exists. It's important to remember that 'amaeru' is not always a negative behavior; it can be a sign of deep trust and comfort within a relationship. The ability to 'amaeru' is sometimes considered a sign of emotional maturity, as it requires understanding the dynamics of a relationship and knowing how to express one's needs in a way that is accepted. However, like any behavior, it can be overused or misused, leading to negative consequences. For learners, understanding the subtle cues and the cultural underpinnings of 'amaeru' is crucial for accurate interpretation and appropriate usage. The verb itself is straightforward in its conjugation, but its idiomatic and cultural implications are where the real learning lies. It's a window into how interdependence and emotional bonds are valued and expressed in Japanese society.
赤ちゃんは母親に甘える。
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- Consider the various forms and nuances. The plain form 'amaeru' is used in informal settings, while 'amaemasu' is polite. The noun form 'amae' refers to the act or state of being spoiled. For instance, you might hear someone say, '彼は甘えん坊だ' (kare wa amaenbou da), meaning 'He is a spoiled child.' The verb 'amaeru' implies an active behavior of seeking indulgence. For example, a pet might 'amaeru' to its owner by nudging them for attention or treats. In a more abstract sense, a nation might be said to 'amaeru' to its allies, relying on their support without fully contributing its share. This highlights the broad applicability of the concept, extending beyond personal relationships to broader social and political contexts. The key is the underlying theme of seeking comfort, support, or leniency from another entity based on an existing relationship or perceived goodwill. The verb 'amaeru' is often paired with phrases that describe the manner of the behavior, such as 'かわいらしく甘える' (kawarashiku amaeru - to 'amaeru' charmingly) or 'わがままに甘える' (wagamama ni amaeru - to 'amaeru' selfishly). These adverbs and adjectives add layers of meaning and help paint a clearer picture of the specific type of 'amaeru'ing occurring. Understanding these variations is key to mastering the word. The verb is frequently used in discussions about child-rearing, relationship psychology, and cultural differences. It's a word that encapsulates a significant aspect of human interaction and societal norms, particularly within Japanese culture. When learning to use 'amaeru,' focus on observing its usage in real-life contexts and try to identify the underlying emotions and expectations associated with it. This will help you grasp its subtle meanings and apply it correctly in your own Japanese conversations.
彼女は彼に甘えるように頼んだ。
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- You will hear '甘える' (amaeru) frequently in everyday conversations, particularly when people are discussing family dynamics and relationships. Parents often talk about their children 'amaeru'ing to them. For example, a mother might say, 'うちの子は私にすぐ甘えるんですよ' (Uchi no ko wa watashi ni sugu amaeru n desu yo), meaning 'My child easily acts spoiled towards me.' This is a very common observation and a natural part of parenting. In romantic relationships, partners might use 'amaeru' to describe how they rely on each other. A boyfriend might playfully tell his girlfriend, '今日は疲れたから、君に甘えたいな' (Kyō wa tsukareta kara, kimi ni amaetai na), which translates to 'I'm tired today, so I want to lean on you / be pampered by you.' This signifies a desire for comfort and emotional support within the relationship. The term is also used in discussions about personality types. Someone who is generally perceived as dependent or who expects others to cater to their needs might be described as '甘えん坊' (amaenbou), a noun meaning 'spoiled person' or 'mama's boy/girl.' This adjective-like noun is often used to describe children but can also apply to adults. For instance, '彼はちょっと甘えん坊だから、一人で任せるのは心配だ' (Kare wa chotto amaenbou da kara, hitori de makaseru no wa shinpai da) means 'He's a bit of a spoiled person, so I'm worried about leaving him on his own.' In broader social contexts, the concept of 'amaeru' is often discussed in sociology and psychology. You might hear it in documentaries, lectures, or articles that explore Japanese culture and its emphasis on interdependence and group harmony. The psychoanalyst Takeo Doi's work on 'amae' has made this concept a well-known topic of discussion. When watching Japanese dramas, anime, or movies, you'll likely encounter 'amaeru' in scenes depicting close relationships, where characters seek comfort, forgiveness, or special treatment from loved ones. It’s a very human and relatable behavior, and its expression through 'amaeru' is a hallmark of Japanese interpersonal communication. Even in casual banter among friends, if one person is consistently seeking favors or expecting others to help them out without much effort on their part, their friends might tease them by saying, 'また甘えてるね！' (Mata amaeteru ne!), meaning 'You're acting spoiled again!' This demonstrates how the word is woven into the fabric of everyday language and social interaction. Its usage is a testament to the cultural value placed on nurturing relationships and the expression of vulnerability within trusted circles.
テレビで、母親が子供に甘えるなと注意していた。
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- In workplace settings, the use of 'amaeru' is more subtle and often unspoken, but the concept can still be present. For example, a long-term employee who has a good rapport with their manager might occasionally 'amaeru' by asking for a slight extension on a deadline or for help with a task they could technically do themselves, relying on the manager's goodwill and understanding. This is usually done with a degree of humility and politeness, not as a demand. The manager might then choose to indulge them, fostering a positive working relationship. However, if this behavior becomes frequent or impacts productivity, it would likely be addressed. You might also hear the term used in discussions about generational differences or work styles. For instance, someone might observe that younger generations are more prone to 'amaeru'ing, perhaps reflecting societal changes in family structures and expectations. Conversely, older generations might be seen as more self-reliant. This kind of commentary is common in lifestyle magazines, social media discussions, and casual conversations among colleagues. The word 'amaeru' also appears in literature and song lyrics, often to describe romantic longing, familial affection, or a sense of vulnerability. Its poetic and emotional connotations make it a rich word for artistic expression. For instance, a song might describe a singer wanting to 'amaeru' to their lover, seeking solace and reassurance. In educational settings, teachers might use the word when discussing child psychology or classroom management, explaining how children express their needs and seek attention. The concept of 'amae' is so central to understanding Japanese interpersonal dynamics that it's often included in cross-cultural training programs for foreigners working or living in Japan. It helps to demystify certain behaviors and promotes better understanding and communication. Therefore, keep an ear out not just for the word itself, but for the situations and emotions it describes, as it's a pervasive element of Japanese social interaction.
彼は部下から甘えるような態度をとられている。
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- One of the most common mistakes for learners is to equate '甘える' (amaeru) directly with the English word 'spoiled' without understanding the cultural nuances. While 'spoiled' often carries a purely negative connotation of being overly demanding or entitled, 'amaeru' can also imply trust, vulnerability, and a desire for affection within a close relationship. Therefore, using 'amaeru' to describe a situation where a child is simply being naughty might be inaccurate. The key is the expectation of indulgence based on an existing bond, rather than outright defiance or rudeness. For example, saying 'My child is always spoiled' (私の子供はいつも甘えている - Watashi no kodomo wa itsumo amaete iru) might sound accusatory or overly harsh if the child is simply seeking comfort. A more accurate way to express this might be to describe the specific behavior or the child's personality, such as 'うちの子は甘えん坊で、すぐに抱きついてきます' (Uchi no ko wa amaenbou de, sugu ni dakitsuite kimasu - My child is clingy and hugs me right away). Another mistake is to use 'amaeru' in situations where a direct request or a more formal expression of need is appropriate. 'Amaeru' implies a reliance on the emotional connection, so it's not suitable for transactional relationships or formal settings where clear communication is paramount. For instance, asking a stranger for help by 'amaeru'ing would be nonsensical. You need to ask directly. Similarly, in a professional context, 'amaeru' should be used with extreme caution, if at all, as it can be easily misinterpreted as unprofessional or manipulative. A common error is also to confuse 'amaeru' with simply 'asking for favors.' While asking for favors can be part of 'amaeru,' the core of the verb is the emotional dependency and the expectation of indulgence based on affection, not just a practical request. For example, asking a colleague to help you with a difficult task because you trust their expertise is not 'amaeru'; it's a professional collaboration. However, asking them to do it for you because you're feeling tired and they're your friend, expecting them to readily agree due to your friendship, that leans towards 'amaeru.' Another pitfall is overusing the term. While it's common in certain contexts, applying it indiscriminately to any situation where someone is seeking help or comfort can sound unnatural or even condescending. It's crucial to gauge the relationship and the context before using 'amaeru.' Finally, learners might struggle with the grammatical particle used. While 'ni' (に) is most common, other particles or sentence structures might appear in more complex expressions, leading to confusion. Sticking to the basic 'XはYに甘える' (X amaeru ni Y) structure is a safe bet for beginners.
彼は私に甘えるのではなく、直接頼むべきだ。
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- Another frequent error is the misapplication of the term to situations that are simply about politeness or deference. For example, a junior employee showing respect to a senior colleague is not 'amaeru'; it's standard professional etiquette. 'Amaeru' involves a specific kind of emotional leverage, where one relies on the other's affection or sense of obligation. It's not about showing respect, but about expecting indulgence. For instance, if someone says 'Please forgive my mistake,' they are apologizing and seeking forgiveness. If they say 'I made a mistake, but I hope you can overlook it because we're friends,' that leans more towards 'amaeru,' as they are leveraging the friendship for leniency. Learners also sometimes struggle with the verb's transitivity and the correct particles. The most common pattern is Subject + に (ni) + Object, but the nuance can change. For example, if you are describing someone who is generally inclined to 'amaeru,' you might use the noun form '甘えん坊' (amaenbou). Using 'amaeru' as a general descriptor for any kind of dependence can also be a mistake. It's specifically about a certain way of seeking comfort or leniency. For example, a person who relies on their partner for financial support might be described as dependent, but if they do so with a charming or childlike demeanor, expecting their partner to happily provide, then 'amaeru' is applicable. If they simply expect it as a matter of course without any emotional appeal, it might not be 'amaeru.' The key is the active seeking of indulgence through emotional appeal. Failing to recognize the passive nature of the recipient's role in 'amaeru' can also lead to errors. The person 'amaeru'ing is often expecting the other person to be kind, forgiving, or accommodating. If the other person is resistant or unwilling to indulge, the 'amaeru'ing might be perceived as annoying or inappropriate. Therefore, understanding the reciprocal nature of the interaction, even if one-sided in its initiation, is important. Finally, when translating 'amaeru' into English, learners might opt for a single English word that doesn't capture the full meaning. Words like 'pamper,' 'coddle,' or 'indulge' only describe one side of the interaction. 'Fawn' or 'grovel' can be too negative. It's often best to explain the concept rather than looking for a perfect one-to-one translation.
彼が彼女に甘えるのは、彼女の優しさを試しているからだ。
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- While '甘える' (amaeru) is unique in its cultural context, several Japanese words and phrases share some overlapping meanings, though they often carry different connotations or are used in different situations.
頼る (tayoru): To rely on, to depend on. This is a more general term for depending on someone or something for support. While 'amaeru' involves a specific way of relying on affection, 'tayoru' can be for practical assistance, advice, or even emotional support without the inherent expectation of indulgence.
Example: 彼はいつも友達に頼っている。(Kare wa itsumo tomodachi ni tayotte iru.) - He always relies on his friends.
甘やかす (amayakasu): To spoil (someone else). This is the transitive verb form, meaning to be the one who spoils or indulges someone else. If someone is 'amaeru'ing, it's often because someone else is 'amayakasu'ing them.
Example: 親は子供を甘やかすべきではない。(Oya wa kodomo o amayakasu beki de wa nai.) - Parents should not spoil their children.
媚びる (kobiiru): To fawn, to curry favor. This word has a more negative connotation and implies insincere flattery or servility to gain favor. While 'amaeru' can involve seeking favor, it's usually within a context of existing affection and vulnerability, not necessarily manipulative flattery.
Example: 彼は上司に媚びているようだ。(Kare wa jōshi ni kobite iru yō da.) - He seems to be fawning over his boss.
甘ったれ (amattare): A spoiled person, a crybaby. This is a noun referring to someone who is habitually spoiled or dependent, often implying a childish nature. It's very similar to the noun form '甘えん坊' (amaenbou).
Example: 彼はまだ甘ったれだから、一人で大丈夫かな。(Kare wa mada amattare da kara, hitori de daijōbu kana.) - He's still a spoiled person, so I wonder if he'll be okay alone.
依存する (izon suru): To be dependent on. This is a more formal and clinical term for dependence. It can refer to psychological, emotional, or even physical dependence. 'Amaeru' is a specific cultural manifestation of dependence, often with a softer, more affectionate undertone.
Example: 彼は薬物に依存している。(Kare wa yakubutsu ni izon shite iru.) - He is dependent on drugs.
わがまま (wagamama): Selfish, capricious. This describes someone who acts selfishly or demands things without regard for others. While 'amaeru' can involve selfish actions, the underlying motivation is often a desire for comfort and affection, not just pure selfishness.
Example: 彼女はわがままな性格だ。(Kanojo wa wagamama na seikaku da.) - She has a selfish personality.
甘い (amai): Sweet, lenient. As an adjective, 'amai' can describe someone who is lenient or permissive, especially towards children. This is closely related to the concept of 'amaeru' as it describes the attitude of the person doing the indulging.
Example: 彼は子供に甘い父親だ。(Kare wa kodomo ni amai chichioya da.) - He is a lenient father to his children.
Understanding these distinctions helps in choosing the most appropriate word based on the specific nuance and context. 'Amaeru' is particularly special because it captures a complex emotional state of seeking comfort and indulgence through vulnerability, a concept that is deeply embedded in Japanese culture and interpersonal dynamics.
友達に頼ることと、彼に甘えることは違う。
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- Comparing 'amaeru' with 'kobiiru' (媚びる) is important. While both can involve seeking favor, 'kobiiru' is generally seen as insincere and manipulative, involving flattery or subservience to gain an advantage, often in a hierarchical relationship where there isn't much pre-existing affection. It's about trying to win someone over through exaggerated politeness or praise, often with a hidden agenda. On the other hand, 'amaeru' is typically practiced with someone with whom one has a close, affectionate relationship – a parent, a child, a lover, or a very close friend. The expectation is not just to gain favor, but to receive comfort, understanding, and indulgence. It's a demonstration of trust and vulnerability. A child 'amaeru'ing to their mother is not trying to manipulate her; they are seeking the warmth and security of their mother's love. An adult 'amaeru'ing to their partner might be seeking reassurance or a moment of childlike comfort. The motivation behind 'amaeru' is often rooted in a desire for connection and validation, whereas 'kobiiru' is more about strategic self-interest. Another distinction is with 'wagamama' (わがまま - selfish). While someone 'amaeru'ing might act selfishly by expecting special treatment, the core of 'wagamama' is a disregard for others' feelings or needs. 'Amaeru' usually operates within a framework where the other person's feelings are acknowledged, and the indulgence is sought precisely because of that acknowledged affection. It's a delicate balance, and 'amaeru' can become 'wagamama' if taken too far or if it consistently disregards the other person's boundaries. The verb 'amayakasu' (甘やかす) is the direct counterpart to 'amaeru,' meaning to spoil or indulge someone. So, if person A 'amaeru's to person B, it implies that person B is often 'amayakasu'ing person A. This highlights the reciprocal nature of such relationships. The adjective 'amai' (甘い - sweet, lenient) describes the attitude of the person who is doing the spoiling, hence they are 'amai' to the person who is 'amaeru'ing. Understanding these related terms provides a richer appreciation of the specific meaning and cultural weight of 'amaeru'.
彼の甘える態度は、単なるわがままではない。
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The concept of 'amae' was brought to international attention by the Japanese psychoanalyst Takeo Doi in his influential book 'The Anatomy of Dependence' (1971). He argued that 'amae' is a fundamental aspect of Japanese psychology and social interaction, distinct from Western concepts of dependence.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'e' sound too strongly or like the 'ay' in 'say'. It should be a short, open 'eh' sound.
- Over-emphasizing the final 'ru,' making it sound too much like an English 'rue.' It should be a lighter, more clipped sound.
- Incorrectly stressing the first or last syllable instead of the second.
سطح دشواری
At CEFR B1, recognizing 'amaeru' in reading materials is achievable, especially in contexts involving family, relationships, or cultural discussions. Understanding the nuanced meaning requires attention to context and potentially external knowledge about Japanese culture.
Using 'amaeru' correctly in writing at B1 level can be challenging due to the cultural nuances. Learners might overuse it or misapply it. Focusing on its core meaning in familiar contexts is recommended.
Speaking with 'amaeru' requires awareness of the relationship and context. It's easier to use in informal settings with close friends or family. Overuse or inappropriate use can lead to misunderstandings.
Listening comprehension of 'amaeru' is generally good at B1 if the context is clear. However, subtle uses or rapid speech might make it harder to grasp the exact nuance.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Using 〜たい (tai) for desires
疲れたから、甘えたい。 (Tsukareta kara, amaetai.) I'm tired, so I want to act spoiled.
Using 〜ように (you ni) for manner
彼女は甘えるように頼んだ。 (Kanojo wa amaeru you ni tanonda.) She asked in a way that implied she was expecting indulgence.
Using 〜べきではない (beki de wa nai) for advice/prohibition
子供を甘やかすべきではない。 (Kodomo o amayakasu beki de wa nai.) One should not spoil children.
Using 〜ことがある (koto ga aru) for possibility
甘えは人間関係を深めることもある。 (Amae wa ningen kankei o fukameru koto mo aru.) Indulgence can sometimes deepen relationships.
Using 〜すぎる (sugiru) for excess
甘えすぎると、嫌われるかもしれない。 (Amaesugiru to, kirawareru kamo shirenai.) If you act too spoiled, you might be disliked.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
赤ちゃんはママに甘える。
The baby acts spoiled towards Mama.
This is a basic sentence structure with the subject (赤ちゃん), particle (は), object of affection (ママ), particle (に), and the verb (甘える).
猫が飼い主に甘える。
The cat acts spoiled towards its owner.
Similar structure: Subject (猫), particle (が), object (飼い主), particle (に), verb (甘える).
子供が父に甘える。
The child acts spoiled towards Father.
Subject (子供), particle (が), object (父), particle (に), verb (甘える).
犬が主人に甘える。
The dog acts spoiled towards its master.
Subject (犬), particle (が), object (主人), particle (に), verb (甘える).
彼女は彼に甘える。
She acts spoiled towards him.
Subject (彼女), particle (は), object (彼), particle (に), verb (甘える).
彼が彼女に甘える。
He acts spoiled towards her.
Subject (彼), particle (が), object (彼女), particle (に), verb (甘える).
孫が祖母に甘える。
The grandchild acts spoiled towards Grandma.
Subject (孫), particle (が), object (祖母), particle (に), verb (甘える).
鳥が飼い主に甘える。
The bird acts spoiled towards its owner.
Subject (鳥), particle (が), object (飼い主), particle (に), verb (甘える).
子供は母親に甘えるのが好きだ。
Children like to act spoiled towards their mothers.
The structure 'verb + のが好きだ' (no ga suki da) means 'likes doing verb.'
疲れている時、彼に甘えたい。
When I'm tired, I want to act spoiled towards him.
'〜たい' (tai) expresses desire. '疲れている時' means 'when tired.'
彼女は彼に甘えるように頼んだ。
She asked him to indulge her / act spoiled towards her.
'〜ように頼む' (you ni tanomu) means 'to ask someone to do something in a certain way.'
彼は甘えん坊だから、すぐ泣く。
Because he is a spoiled child, he cries easily.
'〜から' (kara) means 'because.' '甘えん坊' (amaenbou) is a noun meaning 'spoiled person.'
もっと私に甘えていいよ。
It's okay to act more spoiled towards me.
'〜ていい' (te ii) means 'it's okay to do something.'
彼女は彼に甘えるのが上手だ。
She is good at acting spoiled towards him.
'〜のが上手だ' (no ga jōzu da) means 'is good at doing verb.'
赤ちゃんは母親に甘えるのが自然だ。
It is natural for babies to act spoiled towards their mothers.
'〜のが自然だ' (no ga shizen da) means 'it is natural to do verb.'
甘えすぎると、嫌われるかもしれない。
If you act too spoiled, you might be disliked.
'〜すぎると' (sugiru to) means 'if one does too much of verb.'
彼は、親の優しさに甘えて、大学に行かなかった。
He took advantage of his parents' kindness and did not go to university.
'〜に甘えて' (ni amaete) here implies taking advantage of someone's kindness. The structure connects the reason to the outcome.
彼女は、彼が自分に甘いことを知っていたので、わがままを言った。
She knew he was lenient towards her, so she made selfish requests.
'〜ことを知っていたので' (koto o shitte ita node) means 'because she knew that...' 'わがままを言う' (wagamama o iu) means 'to make selfish requests.'
この子はどうしても甘えたがる。
This child always wants to be spoiled.
'〜たがる' (tagaru) is used for the third person's desire, meaning 'wants to do verb.'
上司に甘えるような態度をとると、評価が下がるかもしれない。
If you adopt an attitude of acting spoiled towards your boss, your evaluation might decrease.
'〜ような態度をとる' (you na taido o toru) means 'to adopt an attitude like...'
彼は、昔からの友達には、遠慮なく甘えることができる。
He can freely act spoiled towards his old friends without hesitation.
'遠慮なく' (enryo naku) means 'without hesitation' or 'freely.' '〜ことができる' (koto ga dekiru) means 'can do.'
甘えは人間関係を深めることもあるが、依存に変わることもある。
Being indulged can deepen relationships, but it can also turn into dependence.
'甘え' (amae) is the noun form. '〜こともある' (koto mo aru) means 'sometimes...' or 'can also...'
彼女は、彼が自分をどれだけ愛しているか、甘えることで確かめようとした。
She tried to confirm how much he loved her by acting spoiled towards him.
'〜ことで確かめようとした' (koto de tashikameyou to shita) means 'tried to confirm by doing...'
子供が親に甘えるのは、安心感を求めているからだ。
Children act spoiled towards their parents because they are seeking a sense of security.
'〜を求めているからだ' (o motomete iru kara da) means 'it is because they are seeking...'
その政治家は、国民の支持に甘えて、傲慢な態度をとるようになった。
That politician, relying on the people's support, began to adopt an arrogant attitude.
'〜に甘えて' (ni amaete) here implies complacency or taking support for granted. '傲慢な態度をとる' (gōman na taido o toru) means 'to adopt an arrogant attitude.'
彼は、幼い頃から両親に甘やかされてきたため、社会に出ても甘える癖が抜けない。
Because he had been spoiled by his parents since childhood, his habit of acting spoiled hasn't left him even after entering society.
'〜されてきたため' (sarete kita tame) means 'because they have been... (passive past). '癖が抜けない' (kuse ga nukenai) means 'the habit doesn't leave.'
彼女は、仕事でミスをしても、上司が寛大だからと甘えるわけにはいかない。
Even if she makes a mistake at work, she can't act spoiled just because her boss is lenient.
'〜わけにはいかない' (wake ni wa ikanai) means 'cannot do something.'
その作家は、読者の期待に甘えることなく、常に新しい表現を追求している。
Without taking the readers' expectations for granted, that author constantly pursues new expressions.
'〜に甘えることなく' (ni amaeru koto naku) means 'without taking advantage of... / without being complacent about...'
彼は、自分の才能に甘えて、努力を怠った結果、成功を逃した。
He became complacent with his talent and neglected his efforts, resulting in him missing out on success.
'〜に甘えて' (ni amaete) here implies complacency. '努力を怠った結果' (doryoku o okotatta kekka) means 'as a result of neglecting efforts.'
この状況では、誰かに甘えるのではなく、自立することが求められている。
In this situation, rather than acting spoiled towards someone, independence is required.
'〜のではなく' (no de wa naku) means 'rather than...'
彼女の甘えるような話し方は、相手を安心させる効果がある。
Her way of speaking, which implies she's acting spoiled, has the effect of reassuring the other person.
'〜ような話し方' (you na hanashikata) means 'way of speaking like...'
彼は、周囲の期待に甘えるのではなく、自分の信念に基づいて行動した。
He acted based on his own beliefs, rather than relying on the expectations of those around him.
'〜に甘えるのではなく' (ni amaeru no de wa naku) means 'rather than taking advantage of/being complacent about...'
その批評家は、作者の過去の成功に甘えることなく、作品の斬新さを評価した。
The critic evaluated the work's novelty without being complacent about the author's past successes.
'〜に甘えることなく' (ni amaeru koto naku) emphasizes avoiding complacency or taking success for granted.
彼は、親の財産に甘えて浪費する生活を送っていたが、ある出来事をきっかけに改心した。
He lived a life of extravagance, taking advantage of his parents' wealth, but reformed after a certain event.
'〜に甘えて浪費する' (ni amaete rōhi suru) means 'to spend extravagantly by taking advantage of...' '改心した' (kaishin shita) means 'reformed.'
彼女は、自立を重んじるあまり、他人に甘えることを極端に避ける傾向がある。
Because she values independence so much, she has a tendency to extremely avoid acting spoiled towards others.
'〜を重んじるあまり' (o omonjiru amari) means 'because of valuing... too much.' '〜を避ける傾向がある' (o sakeru kenkō ga aru) means 'has a tendency to avoid...'
その組織は、長年の実績に甘えてしまい、時代の変化に対応できなくなっていた。
That organization had become complacent due to its long years of achievement, and was unable to adapt to the changing times.
'〜に甘えてしまい' (ni amaete shimai) implies falling into complacency. '〜できなくなっていた' (dekinaku natte ita) means 'had become unable to do...'
彼は、幼い頃に受けた愛情に甘えるのではなく、自らの力で道を切り開こうとした。
He tried to carve out his own path with his own strength, rather than relying on the love he received in childhood.
'〜に甘えるのではなく' (ni amaeru no de wa naku) means 'rather than relying on/being complacent about...'
その議論は、感情的な甘えに訴えるものではなく、論理的な根拠に基づいていた。
The argument was not appealing to emotional indulgence, but was based on logical grounds.
'感情的な甘えに訴える' (kanjōteki na amae ni uttaeru) means 'to appeal to emotional indulgence/dependency.'
彼女は、成功体験に甘えがちだが、常に現状に満足せず、更なる高みを目指している。
She tends to be complacent with her successful experiences, but constantly aims for greater heights without being satisfied with the current situation.
'〜に甘えがちだが' (ni amaegachi da ga) means 'tends to be complacent, but...'
彼の態度は、単なる甘えではなく、関係性の再定義を求める無言の要求だった。
His attitude was not mere indulgence, but a silent demand for a redefinition of the relationship.
'単なる甘えではなく' (tannaru amae de wa naku) means 'not mere indulgence.' '無言の要求' (mugon no yōkyū) means 'silent demand.'
その文化人類学者は、日本社会における「甘え」の概念が、個人と集団の関係性に与える影響を詳細に分析した。
The cultural anthropologist analyzed in detail the impact of the concept of 'amae' in Japanese society on the relationship between individuals and the group.
'〜の概念が〜に与える影響' (no gainen ga ~ ni ataeru eikyō) means 'the impact of the concept of ~ on ~.'
彼は、自己の能力に過度に甘えることなく、常に自己研鑽を怠らない姿勢こそが、彼の成功の礎となっている。
His attitude of never being complacent with his own abilities and always diligently pursuing self-improvement is precisely the foundation of his success.
'〜に過度に甘えることなく' (ni kado ni amaeru koto naku) means 'without being excessively complacent about...'. '〜こそが〜礎となっている' (~ koso ga ~ ishizue to natte iru) emphasizes that something is the foundation.
彼女は、世間からの称賛に甘んじることなく、常に自己の芸術的限界を押し広げようとする。
Without resting on the laurels of public praise, she constantly strives to push her artistic boundaries.
'〜に甘んじることなく' (ni amanjiru koto naku) means 'without being satisfied with/resting on...' '自己の芸術的限界を押し広げる' (jiko no geijutsu-teki genkai o oshihirogeru) means 'to push one's artistic limits.'
その作家の小説は、登場人物が互いに甘え、依存し合う様を巧みに描き出している。
The author's novel skillfully depicts characters acting spoiled towards each other and depending on one another.
'〜甘え、依存し合う様' (~ amae, izon shiau sama) means 'the state of acting spoiled and depending on each other.'
現代社会においては、個人が他者に甘えることを美徳とする風潮は薄れつつある。
In modern society, the trend of viewing it as a virtue for individuals to act spoiled towards others is fading.
'〜を美徳とする風潮は薄れつつある' (~ o bitoku to suru fūchō wa usuretsutsu aru) means 'the trend of considering ~ a virtue is gradually fading.'
彼は、過去の栄光に甘えて現状維持に満足するのではなく、常に未来を見据えて挑戦を続けている。
Rather than being complacent with past glories and satisfied with the status quo, he constantly looks to the future and continues to take on challenges.
'〜に甘えて現状維持に満足するのではなく' (~ ni amaete genjō iji ni manzoku suru no de wa naku) means 'rather than being complacent with and satisfied with the status quo...'
その哲学者は、人間が本質的に持つ「甘え」の欲求が、社会構造にどのように反映されるかを論じた。
The philosopher discussed how the inherent human desire for 'amae' is reflected in social structures.
'〜が本質的に持つ〜欲求' (~ ga honshitsu-teki ni motsu ~ yokkyū) means 'the ~ desire that ~ inherently possesses.'
彼女の芸術は、単なる感傷的な甘えの表現に留まらず、根源的な人間の孤独と繋がりを問い直す。
Her art does not merely remain an expression of sentimental indulgence, but questions the fundamental human loneliness and connection.
'〜に留まらず' (~ ni todomarazu) means 'not limited to ~.' '根源的な〜を問い直す' (kongen-teki na ~ o toinaosu) means 'to question/re-examine fundamental ~.'
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— It's okay to act spoiled / You can lean on me.
疲れているなら、私に甘えていいよ。 (Tsukarete iru nara, watashi ni amaete ii yo.) If you're tired, it's okay to act spoiled towards me / lean on me.
— You're such a spoiled child / You're acting spoiled.
またお菓子をねだってるの？甘えん坊だね！ (Mata okashi o nedatteru no? Amaenbou da ne!) Asking for sweets again? You're such a spoiled child!
— I want to act spoiled / I want to lean on you.
今日はすごく疲れたから、君に甘えたいな。 (Kyō wa sugoku tsukareta kara, kimi ni amaetai na.) I'm really tired today, so I want to lean on you / act spoiled towards you.
— Let me act spoiled / Let me lean on you.
ちょっとだけ、甘えさせて。 (Chotto dake, amaesasete.) Let me act spoiled just for a little bit.
— Too much spoiling / Acting too spoiled.
それは甘えすぎだよ。 (Sore wa amaesugi da yo.) That's too much spoiling / You're acting too spoiled.
— Can't shake the habit of acting spoiled.
彼は大人になっても甘えが抜けない。 (Kare wa otona ni natte mo amae ga nukenai.) He can't shake his habit of acting spoiled even though he's an adult.
— Don't be spoiled / Don't expect special treatment.
自分でできることは、自分でやりなさい。甘えるな！ (Jibun de dekiru koto wa, jibun de yarinasai. Amaeru na!) Do what you can do yourself. Don't be spoiled!
— A term of endearment for someone who is spoiled (often used for children).
あらあら、うちの甘えん坊さん。 (Ara ara, uchi no amaenbou-san.) Oh my, my little spoiled one.
— A time/phase for acting spoiled or being indulged.
子供には、ある程度甘える時期も必要だ。 (Kodomo ni wa, aru teido amaeru jiki mo hitsuyō da.) Children need a certain phase of being indulged.
— The structure/mechanism of indulgence/dependency (referring to Doi's theory).
「甘えの構造」は日本の文化を理解する上で重要だ。 ('Amae no kōzō' wa Nihon no bunka o rikai suru ue de jūyō da.) The 'structure of amae' is important for understanding Japanese culture.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'Amaeru' is about receiving indulgence, while 'amayakasu' is about giving it. They are two sides of the same coin but represent opposite actions.
'Kobiiru' implies insincere flattery and manipulation to gain favor, often lacking genuine affection. 'Amaeru' is typically practiced within established affectionate relationships.
'Tayoru' is a general term for relying on someone. 'Amaeru' is a specific type of reliance that involves expecting indulgence and comfort due to affection.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Literally 'the bug of being spoiled.' It refers to the inherent tendency or inclination to be spoiled or dependent.
彼は子供の頃から甘えん坊の虫がついていたようだ。 (Kare wa kodomo no koro kara amaenbou no mushi ga tsuite ita yō da.) It seems he had the bug of being spoiled from childhood.
Informal— To act spoiled to one's heart's content; to be spoiled excessively without restraint.
彼は親に甘えるだけ甘えて、何も自分でしようとしない。 (Kare wa oya ni amaeru dake amaete, nani mo jibun de shiyou to shinai.) He acts spoiled towards his parents to his heart's content and doesn't try to do anything himself.
Informal— Someone who is skilled at acting spoiled or fawning in a charming way.
彼女は甘え上手だから、誰からも好かれる。 (Kanojo wa amae jōzu da kara, dare kara mo sukareru.) She is skilled at acting spoiled, so everyone likes her.
Informal— To indulge in being spoiled or pampered; to revel in being taken care of.
久しぶりに実家に帰り、甘えに浸った。 (Hisashiburi ni jikka ni kaeri, amae ni hitatta.) I returned to my parents' home after a long time and indulged in being pampered.
Informal— There's a limit to how much one can be spoiled; one shouldn't be excessively spoiled.
いくら子供でも、甘えるにもほどがある。 (Ikura kodomo demo, amaeru ni mo hodo ga aru.) No matter how much of a child they are, there's a limit to how spoiled they can be.
Informal— Don't be spoiled, get a grip! (A common phrase used to encourage someone to be more self-reliant).
泣いている友達に「甘えるな、しっかりしろ」と言った。 (Naite iru tomodachi ni 'Amaeru na, shikkari shiro' to itta.) I said to my crying friend, 'Don't be spoiled, get a grip!'
Informal— To put on a spoiled or pleading face.
彼は欲しがっているものを手に入れるために、甘えん坊の顔をした。 (Kare wa hoshigatte iru mono o te ni ireru tame ni, amaenbou no kao o shita.) He put on a spoiled face to get what he wanted.
Informal— Having underlying dependence or a tendency to be spoiled.
彼の優柔不断さは、甘えが根底にあるからかもしれない。 (Kare no yūjūfudan-sa wa, amae ga kontei ni aru kara kamo shirenai.) His indecisiveness might be due to underlying dependence.
Informal— Someone who lets you act spoiled without limits.
祖母は、私が甘えるだけ甘えさせてくれる人だ。 (Sobo wa, watashi ga amaeru dake amaesasete kureru hito da.) My grandmother is someone who lets me act spoiled without limits.
Informal— Don't expect indulgence, do it yourself!
親は子供に「甘えるな、自分の力でやりなさい」と教えるべきだ。 (Oya wa kodomo ni 'Amaeru na, jibun no chikara de yarinasi' to oshieru beki da.) Parents should teach their children, 'Don't expect indulgence, do it yourself!'
Informalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both 'amaeru' and 'amayakasu' relate to indulgence and spoiling.
'Amaeru' is the act of being spoiled or receiving indulgence (e.g., 'I want to be spoiled'). 'Amayakasu' is the act of spoiling someone else (e.g., 'Don't spoil the child'). One is the recipient, the other is the giver.
子供は親に甘える。親は子供を甘やかす。 (Kodomo wa oya ni amaeru. Oya wa kodomo o amayakasu.) Children act spoiled towards their parents. Parents spoil their children.
Both involve dependence on others.
'Tayoru' (to rely on) is a general term for depending on someone for help, advice, or support. 'Amaeru' is a specific form of reliance that involves expecting indulgence, comfort, or leniency based on affection, often with a childlike or vulnerable demeanor.
彼は友達に頼る。彼は彼女に甘える。 (Kare wa tomodachi ni tayoru. Kare wa kanojo ni amaeru.) He relies on his friends. He acts spoiled towards her.
Both can involve seeking favor from someone.
'Kobiiru' (to fawn) implies insincere flattery and subservience, often with a manipulative intent to gain advantage. 'Amaeru' is typically practiced within a context of genuine affection and trust, seeking comfort and indulgence rather than just gaining favor.
彼は上司に媚びている。彼女は彼に甘えている。 (Kare wa jōshi ni kobiite iru. Kanojo wa kare ni amaete iru.) He is fawning over his boss. She is acting spoiled towards him.
Both can involve actions that benefit the individual at the expense of others' convenience.
'Wagamama' (selfish) describes someone who acts purely out of self-interest, often disregarding others' feelings or needs. 'Amaeru' can involve selfish actions, but the underlying motivation is often a desire for comfort, connection, and affection, and it's usually practiced within a close relationship where the other person's feelings are implicitly acknowledged.
彼女はわがままだ。彼女は彼に甘えている。 (Kanojo wa wagamama da. Kanojo wa kare ni amaete iru.) She is selfish. She is acting spoiled towards him.
The adjective 'amai' (sweet, lenient) is related to the concept of indulgence.
'Amai' describes the quality of being lenient or permissive (e.g., 'a lenient parent'). 'Amaeru' is the action of the person who *receives* that leniency or indulgence, often by acting in a way that elicits it. So, a parent might be 'amai,' and their child might 'amaeru.'
彼は子供に甘い。子供は彼に甘える。 (Kare wa kodomo ni amai. Kodomo wa kare ni amaeru.) He is lenient towards his child. The child acts spoiled towards him.
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘える
赤ちゃんはママに甘える。 (Akachan wa mama ni amaeru.) The baby acts spoiled towards Mama.
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘えたい
疲れたから、君に甘えたい。 (Tsukareta kara, kimi ni amaetai.) I'm tired, so I want to act spoiled towards you.
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘える + のが好きだ
彼女は彼に甘えるのが好きだ。 (Kanojo wa kare ni amaeru no ga suki da.) She likes acting spoiled towards him.
Object + に + 甘えて
親の優しさに甘えて、彼は怠けた。 (Oya no yasashisa ni amaete, kare wa namaketa.) Relying on his parents' kindness, he became lazy.
甘えん坊 + だ/です
彼はとても甘えん坊だ。 (Kare wa totemo amaenbou da.) He is very spoiled.
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘える + わけにはいかない
上司に甘えるわけにはいかない。 (Jōshi ni amaeru wake ni wa ikanai.) I cannot act spoiled towards my boss.
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘える + ように
彼女は甘えるように頼んだ。 (Kanojo wa amaeru you ni tanonda.) She asked in a way that implied she was expecting indulgence.
Subject + は/が + Object + に + 甘える + ことなく
彼は成功に甘えることなく、努力を続けた。 (Kare wa seikō ni amaeru koto naku, doryoku o tsuzuketa.) He continued his efforts without being complacent about his success.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common, especially in informal and personal contexts.
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Translating 'amaeru' directly as 'spoiled' in all contexts.
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Recognize that 'amaeru' can also imply trust and affection, not just negative entitlement.
While 'spoiled' is a common translation, it often carries a negative connotation in English that doesn't fully encompass the nuance of 'amaeru.' 'Amaeru' can be a positive expression of intimacy and vulnerability within close relationships. For instance, saying 'My child is always spoiled' might sound accusatory, whereas describing them as 'amaenbou' (a spoiled child) can be more descriptive of their personality.
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Using 'amaeru' in formal situations.
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Reserve 'amaeru' for informal settings with close friends or family.
The verb 'amaeru' implies a level of familiarity and emotional intimacy that is inappropriate for formal or professional settings. Using it in such contexts could be perceived as unprofessional, immature, or even manipulative. Stick to more neutral terms for formal interactions.
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Confusing 'amaeru' with 'kobiiru' (to fawn/curry favor).
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Understand that 'kobiiru' is about insincere flattery for personal gain, while 'amaeru' is about seeking indulgence through genuine affection.
'Kobiiru' implies a calculated, often insincere, effort to please someone to gain favor or advantage. 'Amaeru,' on the other hand, is typically practiced within existing affectionate relationships and is rooted in trust and vulnerability, seeking comfort and indulgence rather than strategic benefit.
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Using 'amaeru' when 'tayoru' (to rely on) is more appropriate.
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Use 'tayoru' for general reliance on help or support, and 'amaeru' for reliance that involves expecting indulgence due to affection.
'Tayoru' is a broad term for depending on someone for practical help or advice. 'Amaeru' is more specific: it's about expecting someone to be lenient or accommodating because they care about you, often with a childlike demeanor. For example, relying on a friend for study notes is 'tayoru,' but expecting them to do your homework because you're tired and they're your close friend might be 'amaeru.'
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Applying 'amaeru' to any act of seeking help.
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Recognize that 'amaeru' specifically involves expecting indulgence based on affection and closeness.
Not every instance of asking for help is 'amaeru.' If you ask a colleague for assistance on a task because you both work on it, that's collaboration. If you ask them to do it for you because you're feeling lazy and you're close friends, expecting them to readily agree out of friendship, that leans towards 'amaeru.' The emotional component and expectation of leniency are key.
نکات
Understand the Context
Remember that 'amaeru' is deeply tied to Japanese culture. It's often about testing and reinforcing bonds within close relationships, not just about being demanding. Consider the relationship dynamics before using or interpreting the word.
Use in Informal Settings
The verb 'amaeru' is best used in informal conversations with friends, family, or romantic partners. Avoid using it in formal or professional settings where it might be misunderstood.
Master the Particle 'ni'
The most common particle used with 'amaeru' to indicate the person being 'amaeru'ed towards is 'ni' (に). For example, '子供は母親に甘える' (Kodomo wa hahaoya ni amaeru).
Learn Related Terms
Understanding related words like 'amayakasu' (to spoil someone else), 'amaenbou' (spoiled person), and 'amae' (the noun/concept) will enrich your comprehension and usage of 'amaeru'.
Focus on Stress and Vowels
The stress in 'amaeru' is on the second syllable (a-MA-e-ru). Ensure you pronounce the vowels clearly and the final 'ru' sound lightly.
Connect to 'I Want More!'
Use the mnemonic 'ama-ru' sounding like 'I want more!' to remember that 'amaeru' involves seeking more attention, comfort, or indulgence from loved ones.
Distinguish from 'Kobiiru'
'Amaeru' is about genuine affection and trust, while 'kobiiru' (fawn) implies insincere flattery and manipulation. The underlying motivation is key.
Observe and Imitate
Pay close attention to how native speakers use 'amaeru' in anime, dramas, or real conversations. Mimicking their usage in similar contexts will help you internalize the word.
Avoid Overuse
While 'amaeru' is common, overuse or inappropriate use can make you sound immature or manipulative. Use it judiciously and appropriately for the situation and relationship.
Embrace the Nuance
Understanding 'amaeru' offers a window into Japanese cultural values regarding interdependence, emotional expression, and the nature of close relationships. Appreciate its unique meaning beyond simple translations.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a child who is always asking for 'more' (ama-ru). They are always wanting more attention, more treats, more help. They are 'amaeru'ing because they want 'more.' Think of 'ama-ru' sounding like 'I want more!'
تداعی تصویری
Picture a fluffy, pampered cat lounging on a velvet cushion, purring contentedly and expecting its owner to cater to its every whim. This cat is the epitome of 'amaeru.' Alternatively, visualize a baby being cradled and cooed over by its parents, completely dependent and receiving all the affection it desires.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use 'amaeru' in a sentence about a pet or a younger sibling. Think about how they might 'amaeru' and what kind of response they expect from you. For example, 'My dog always 'amaeru's when I come home.' (うちの犬は帰るといつも甘えてくる。)
ریشه کلمه
The word 'amaeru' originates from the verb 'ama(ru)' (余る), meaning 'to remain' or 'to be left over.' This original meaning is not directly apparent in its modern usage, but some etymologists suggest a connection through the idea of 'being left over' in terms of needing care or attention, or a surplus of affection being given.
معنای اصلی: The precise original meaning is debated, but it is believed to have evolved from a verb related to 'remaining' or 'being left over,' possibly implying a state of needing extra care or being the recipient of leftover affection.
Japonicبافت فرهنگی
When discussing 'amaeru,' it's important to remember its cultural context. While it can be seen as positive within certain Japanese relationships, it can be perceived negatively if transplanted into a different cultural framework without explanation. Avoid using it to label individuals negatively without understanding the specific nuances.
In English-speaking cultures, the closest equivalents like 'spoiled' or 'pampered' often carry a more negative connotation, implying entitlement or weakness. While the behavior might exist, the cultural framing and acceptance differ significantly from 'amaeru.'
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Parent-child interactions
- 子供が親に甘える
- 甘えん坊だね
- 甘えさせて
Romantic relationships
- 彼に甘えたい
- 恋人に甘える
- 甘えるのが上手
Friendships (close ones)
- 友達に甘える
- 遠慮なく甘えていいよ
Discussing personality types
- 甘えん坊の虫
- 甘えが抜けない
Cultural discussions
- 甘えの構造
- 甘えの文化
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Do you think it's okay for adults to 'amaeru' sometimes?"
"What's the difference between 'amaeru' and just being spoiled?"
"Can you think of a time you 'amaeru'ed or saw someone else 'amaeru'?"
"How does the concept of 'amaeru' differ from dependence in your culture?"
"Is there a word in your language that captures the same feeling as 'amaeru'?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a situation where you felt like you wanted to 'amaeru.' Who would you have 'amaeru'ed to, and why?
Reflect on your childhood. Were you a 'amaenbou'? How did your parents react?
Think about a close relationship you have. How do you express reliance or seek comfort in that relationship?
Consider the potential downsides of 'amaeru.' When can it become a problem?
How can understanding 'amaeru' help you better understand Japanese culture or relationships?
سوالات متداول
10 سوال'Amaeru' fundamentally means to behave in a way that expects indulgence, kindness, or leniency from someone with whom you have a close relationship, often by displaying vulnerability or a childlike demeanor. It's about relying on affection and trust.
Not necessarily. In Japanese culture, 'amaeru' can be seen as a sign of trust and intimacy within close relationships, especially between parents and children or romantic partners. It's a way of strengthening bonds. However, like any behavior, it can become problematic if overused or if it's manipulative.
Yes, adults can 'amaeru,' particularly in romantic relationships or with very close family members. It might involve seeking comfort after a stressful day or expecting a partner to be particularly understanding. The key is the existing emotional bond and the expectation of indulgence.
'Wagamama' is about acting selfishly without regard for others. 'Amaeru' can involve selfish actions, but the motivation is often a desire for comfort and affection within a close relationship, rather than pure self-interest. It's about seeking indulgence through emotional connection.
Use it in informal settings with people you know well. Focus on situations where someone is seeking comfort, leniency, or special treatment due to affection. The basic structure is Subject + に + 甘える (e.g., 子供は母親に甘える).
'Amae' (甘え) is the noun form, referring to the state or act of being spoiled, the concept of indulgence, or the psychological need for dependence and affection. 'Amaeru' is the verb describing the action of exhibiting 'amae.'
It's generally not advisable to use 'amaeru' directly in a professional setting, as it can be misinterpreted as unprofessional or manipulative. However, the underlying concept of relying on goodwill might exist subtly in long-term, positive workplace relationships, but it's rarely expressed with the verb 'amaeru' itself.
Common translations include 'to be spoiled,' 'to fawn,' 'to act pampered,' or 'to lean on someone (emotionally).' However, no single English word perfectly captures the cultural nuance.
Yes, '甘えん坊' (amaenbou) is a common term for a spoiled child or a person who habitually acts spoiled. '甘ったれ' (amattare) is also used.
The concept was famously detailed by psychoanalyst Takeo Doi, who argued it is a fundamental aspect of Japanese psychology and social interaction, possibly evolving from older concepts related to dependence and remaining needs.
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Summary
The Japanese verb 'amaeru' encapsulates a nuanced behavior of seeking comfort, indulgence, and leniency from someone with whom one shares a close, affectionate relationship, often by displaying vulnerability or a childlike demeanor. It's not simply being spoiled, but a way of testing and reinforcing emotional bonds.
- Amaeru means to act spoiled or fawn, relying on others' kindness.
- It's common in close relationships like family and romance.
- It implies expecting indulgence due to affection.
- It differs from mere selfishness or flattery.
Understand the Context
Remember that 'amaeru' is deeply tied to Japanese culture. It's often about testing and reinforcing bonds within close relationships, not just about being demanding. Consider the relationship dynamics before using or interpreting the word.
Use in Informal Settings
The verb 'amaeru' is best used in informal conversations with friends, family, or romantic partners. Avoid using it in formal or professional settings where it might be misunderstood.
Master the Particle 'ni'
The most common particle used with 'amaeru' to indicate the person being 'amaeru'ed towards is 'ni' (に). For example, '子供は母親に甘える' (Kodomo wa hahaoya ni amaeru).
Learn Related Terms
Understanding related words like 'amayakasu' (to spoil someone else), 'amaenbou' (spoiled person), and 'amae' (the noun/concept) will enrich your comprehension and usage of 'amaeru'.
مثال
子供は親に甘えるものだ。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر family
還暦
B1کانرکی جشن سنتی ژاپنی برای تولد ۶۰ سالگی است.
〜くらい
B1این کلمه به معنی "حدود" یا "تا حدی که" است. برای بیان تقریبی یا درجه استفاده می شود.
認め合う
B1یکدیگر را به رسمیت شناختن؛ به ارزش یکدیگر پی بردن.
知人
B1Acquaintance.
顔見知り
A2کسی که او را از نظر می شناسید اما نه از نظر شخصی. شخصی که چهره اش آشناست اما رابطه نزدیکی ندارد.
活発な
B1فعال؛ پرجنب و جوش. 'یک کودک بسیار فعال.' 'بحث پرشور.'
思春期
B1نوجوانی؛ دوره انتقال از کودکی به بزرگسالی.
養子
B1فرزندی که به طور قانونی در خانوادهای غیر از خانواده بیولوژیکی خود پذیرفته شده است.
養親
B2والد خوانده. شخصی که به طور قانونی والدین فرزندی میشود که فرزند بیولوژیکی او نیست.
可愛いらしい
B1آن گربه کوچک واقعاً دوستداشتنی (kawaiirashii) است.
