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B2 noun #8,000 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

방증

bangjeung رتبه 8,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 방증 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 방증 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '방증' is a very advanced word that you don't need to use yourself. However, it's helpful to know that it means a 'reason' or 'proof' for something. Imagine you see a friend with an umbrella. The umbrella is a '방증' (proof) that it is raining outside. In simple terms, it's a sign that helps you guess the truth. You might not see the rain, but the umbrella tells you it's there. For now, just remember that when you see this word in a difficult book, it's talking about a 'sign' or 'reason' why something is true. You can use the easier word '이유' (reason) or '증거' (proof) instead.

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to read more news snippets or simple stories. '방증' is a formal way to say 'supporting evidence.' Think of it like this: if a student gets 100% on every test, those grades are a '방증' (proof) that the student studied very hard. It's not the studying itself, but it's the result that shows the studying happened. You will mostly see this word in formal writing. If you want to say 'This shows that...', you can use '방증' to sound more professional. But be careful! It's a high-level word, so use '증거' (evidence) in most of your daily conversations.

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At the B1 level, you should recognize '방증' as a term used to connect a visible fact to an invisible truth. It is common in social discussions. For example, if many people are buying expensive coffee, a sociologist might say this is a '방증' of people wanting small luxuries in a tough economy. It is 'indirect evidence.' You should start noticing this word in TOPIK reading materials. It often appears in the structure 'A는 B의 방증이다,' meaning 'A is proof of B.' It's a great word to use if you want to write a formal essay about society or trends, as it shows you understand logical connections.

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At the B2 level, you need to master the nuance of '방증' as 'circumstantial' or 'supporting' evidence. This is the level where you must distinguish it from '반증' (counter-evidence). '방증' doesn't just prove something; it supports it from the side (the Hanja 'bang' means side). In a debate, you might use this word to provide secondary support for your main argument. For instance, 'While we don't have the contract, the consistent monthly payments are a clear 방증 of an agreement.' You should be able to use it comfortably in formal writing and understand its implications in news reports and documentaries.

At the C1 level, '방증' should be a regular part of your formal vocabulary. You should understand its specific application in legal and academic contexts. In law, '방증' is evidence that isn't the primary proof but helps the judge understand the context of the main evidence. In academic writing, you use it to show how your data points support your hypothesis. You should also be aware of the stylistic choice of using '방증' over '증거' to sound more analytical. At this level, you can also use the verb form '방증하다' to describe how a certain phenomenon provides evidence for a theory or social trend.

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At the C2 level, you should have a near-native grasp of '방증,' including its historical and Hanja-based nuances. You can discuss the subtle differences between '방증,' '정황 증거,' and '간접 증거.' You should be able to identify and correct the common misuse of '반증' in public discourse. In high-level literary or philosophical discussions, you might use '방증' to describe how human behavior serves as a testament to deeper psychological or existential truths. You are expected to use this word with perfect precision in complex legal documents, high-level policy papers, or academic dissertations.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

방증 در ۳۰ ثانیه

방증 is a formal Korean noun meaning 'supporting' or 'circumstantial' evidence that proves a fact indirectly.
It is composed of Hanja roots meaning 'side' and 'proof,' highlighting its role as auxiliary evidence.
Commonly confused with '반증' (counter-evidence), it is essential to use '방증' when you mean to support a point.
It appears frequently in news, legal contexts, and academic writing to link social trends to underlying truths.

The Korean word 방증 (傍證) is a sophisticated noun typically encountered in formal, academic, legal, or journalistic contexts. At its core, it refers to 'supporting evidence' or 'circumstantial proof' that helps to establish a fact indirectly. Unlike direct evidence (직접 증거), which proves a point without requiring any inference, 방증 serves as a secondary or auxiliary piece of information that strengthens the validity of a main argument or situation. It is the 'side proof' that surrounds a fact, making it more believable or undeniable. In everyday high-level discourse, Koreans use this word to describe social phenomena that reflect a deeper, underlying truth. For instance, the rapid increase in solo-dining restaurants is often cited as a 방증 of the growing number of single-person households in South Korea. It doesn't 'state' the census data directly, but it acts as a powerful testament to the reality of the situation.

Etymological Nuance: The Hanja for this word consists of 傍 (bang), meaning 'beside' or 'side,' and 證 (jeung), meaning 'proof' or 'evidence.' Literally, it is 'evidence from the side.'

최근 명품 소비의 급증은 양극화가 심화되고 있음을 보여주는 방증입니다. (The recent surge in luxury consumption is circumstantial evidence that social polarization is deepening.)

In a legal setting, 방증 refers to facts that, while not directly proving the crime itself, provide a context or logic that supports the main evidence. For example, a suspect's presence near a crime scene at a specific time is not direct proof of the crime, but it is a significant 방증. Outside of the law, it is used to validate theories or social observations. When a new K-pop group breaks a YouTube record within an hour, it is a 방증 of their global fandom's immense power. It is a word that carries weight, suggesting that the speaker has analyzed the situation beyond the surface level to find logical connections.

Common Collocation: ~의 방증이다 (Is a testament to / is proof of...)

이 책의 높은 판매량은 저자의 영향력을 보여주는 확실한 방증이다. (The high sales volume of this book is clear proof of the author's influence.)

Understanding 방증 also requires distinguishing it from its 'evil twin,' 반증 (反證). While they sound similar, 반증 means 'counter-evidence' or 'proof to the contrary.' Many native speakers accidentally use 반증 when they mean 방증, but in formal writing, getting this right is crucial. If you say something is a 반증, you are saying it disproves the point; if you say it is a 방증, you are saying it supports it. Therefore, 방증 is the word of choice when you want to emphasize that a certain phenomenon or fact acts as a secondary confirmation of your thesis.

Register: Formal, Literary, Academic, Legal.

그의 침묵은 사실을 인정한다는 방증으로 해석될 수 있다. (His silence can be interpreted as circumstantial evidence that he admits the facts.)

Using 방증 correctly involves placing it within structures that highlight a relationship between a fact and its implication. Most commonly, it is used with the copula '-이다' (to be) or as the object of verbs like '제시하다' (to present) or '삼다' (to take as). Because it is a Hanja-based noun, it carries a formal tone, so it is rarely used in casual spoken Korean between friends unless the topic is serious or intellectual. In writing, it acts as a bridge between data and interpretation. For example, if you are writing a report on social media trends, you might describe a hashtag's popularity as a 방증 of public interest.

Grammar Pattern 1: [Noun/Fact] + -(이)라는 방증이다: This pattern translates to 'is proof that [noun/fact].' It is the most common way to use the word in journalism.

이 결과는 우리 사회의 도덕성이 아직 살아있다는 방증입니다. (This result is circumstantial proof that our society's morality is still alive.)

Another frequent usage is '방증하다' (to provide supporting evidence). While '입증하다' (to prove directly) is stronger, '방증하다' suggests that the facts provide indirect support. In academic writing, you might say that certain archaeological findings 방증 the existence of an ancient trade route. It implies a logical deduction rather than a smoking gun. When you want to say that something 'serves as' evidence, you use the phrase '방증이 되다'. This emphasizes the role the fact plays in the broader argument.

Grammar Pattern 2: [Noun] + -을/를 방증하는 [Noun]: This uses the word as a modifier: '[Noun] that proves [Noun].'

그의 성공을 방증하는 여러 지표들이 나타나고 있다. (Several indicators that supportively prove his success are appearing.)

In legal contexts, you will see '방증 자료' (supporting materials/evidence). This refers to the collection of documents, photos, or testimonies that aren't the primary evidence but are necessary to build a convincing case. For example, if a person is accused of theft, their bank records showing a sudden influx of cash would be '방증 자료'. It doesn't prove they stole the money, but it supports the theory that they did. Using 방증 accurately allows you to speak with precision about the type of evidence you are discussing, which is highly valued in Korean professional life.

Grammar Pattern 3: [A]는 [B]의 방증에 불과하다: Used to downplay something: 'A is merely circumstantial evidence of B.'

이것은 문제의 일부분을 보여주는 방증에 불과합니다. (This is merely circumstantial evidence showing a part of the problem.)

To hear 방증 in its natural habitat, you should tune into Korean news programs like KBS News 9 or JTBC Newsroom. News anchors and reporters frequently use it when analyzing economic data or political scandals. For instance, when reporting on a decline in the birth rate, a reporter might say, 'The increase in pet-related industries is a 방증 of the low birth rate culture.' In this context, it is used to connect two seemingly different trends to tell a larger story about society. It is a favorite word of pundits and commentators who want to sound authoritative and logical.

News Media Context: Used to link statistical trends with social realities.

'이번 선거 결과는 변화를 갈망하는 민심의 방증이라 할 수 있습니다.' (This election result can be said to be a testament to the public's desire for change.)

Legal and crime dramas (often called 'K-Legal' or 'K-Crime') are another prime location. Shows like Stranger (비밀의 숲) or Law School feature characters—prosecutors, lawyers, and detectives—who meticulously debate the difference between direct evidence and 방증. When a prosecutor admits they don't have a confession but they have enough '방증' to secure a conviction, they are referring to a mountain of circumstantial facts that point to the defendant's guilt. In these scripts, the word is used to build tension and highlight the intellectual prowess of the characters as they piece together a puzzle.

Academic lectures and documentaries also rely heavily on this term. A history professor might discuss how the discovery of certain pottery in a distant region is a 방증 of ancient cultural exchange. In these settings, the word helps to maintain a professional and objective distance, acknowledging that while the evidence isn't a direct statement from the past, it is a scientifically valid reason to believe a theory. If you are preparing for the TOPIK II exam or planning to study at a Korean university, mastering 방증 is essential for understanding advanced reading passages and writing high-scoring essays.

Academic Context: Used to support hypotheses with indirect data points.

이 유물은 당시 활발했던 해상 무역을 방증하는 귀중한 자료입니다. (This artifact is a valuable piece of supporting evidence for the active maritime trade at that time.)

The most significant mistake regarding 방증 is confusing it with 반증 (反證). This is not just a mistake for learners; it is a notorious error made by native Korean speakers as well. The two words are homophones except for the middle vowel ('ㅏ' vs 'ㅏ' with a slight sound difference in some dialects, but visually very similar). However, their meanings are diametrically opposed. 방증 (傍證) means 'supporting evidence' (beside + proof), while 반증 (反證) means 'counter-evidence' (opposite + proof). If you say 'The high score is a 반증 of his effort,' you are literally saying the high score disproves his effort. You must use 방증 to say it proves it.

The 'Bang' vs 'Ban' Trap: 방증 (Bang-jeung) = Support (+) 반증 (Ban-jeung) = Refute (-)

Incorrect: 그의 성공은 운이 좋았다는 반증이다. (Wait, do you mean his success disproves luck, or supports the idea of luck?)
Correct: 그의 성공은 그가 노력했다는 방증이다. (His success is proof that he worked hard.)

Another mistake is overusing the word in casual settings. Using 방증 when talking about why you like a certain snack or why your friend is late can sound overly dramatic or 'pretentious' (잘난 척하는). In casual conversation, words like '증거' (evidence) or simply '진짜라는 뜻이야' (it means it's real) are more natural. 방증 is reserved for situations that require a level of analytical distance. Using it to describe a small, personal detail is like using a legal term to describe a spilled cup of water.

Lastly, learners sometimes forget the Hanja roots and confuse it with other '방' words like '방해' (interference) or '방향' (direction). Remember that the '방' (傍) here specifically means 'side.' It is evidence that comes from the 'side' of the issue to support the center. If you can visualize a central fact being surrounded and held up by 'side' facts, you will never forget the meaning of 방증. Avoid using it as a verb like '방증하다' for people; it's almost always the fact or phenomenon that '방증's something, not a person '방증'ing a friend.

Register Mismatch: Don't use '방증' in a text message to a younger sibling about a missing sock.

To truly master 방증, you must see how it fits into the family of Korean words related to proof and evidence. Depending on how direct or formal you want to be, you might choose a different word. The most common alternative is 증거 (證據). While 증거 is a general term for all types of evidence, 방증 specifically highlights the indirect or supporting nature of that evidence. If you have a DNA sample, it's a 증거. If you have a witness who saw the suspect looking nervous, it's a 방증.

방증 vs. 증거: 증거 (Jeung-geo): General evidence, can be direct or indirect. 방증 (Bang-jeung): Specifically indirect, supporting evidence.

직접적인 증거는 없지만, 여러 가지 방증이 그를 범인으로 지목하고 있다. (There is no direct evidence, but various circumstantial proofs point to him as the culprit.)

Another related word is 근거 (根據), which means 'basis' or 'ground.' You use 근거 when talking about the logical foundation of an opinion. If you say, 'What is the 근거 for your claim?', you are asking for the reasoning. 방증 is more about the external facts that support that claim. Furthermore, 뒷받침 is a native Korean (pure Korean) word that means 'support' or 'backing.' It is much less formal than 방증 and is frequently used in both speech and writing. If you want to say 'Evidence supports this,' you can say '증거가 이를 뒷받침한다.'

In scientific or very strict academic contexts, you might see 입증 (立證), which means 'substantiation' or 'proof' through demonstration. While 방증 provides side support, 입증 is the act of proving something to be a fact beyond doubt. Finally, 정황 (情況) refers to 'circumstances' or 'the situation.' In legal dramas, you'll often hear '정황 증거' (circumstantial evidence), which is almost synonymous with 방증 in a legal context, though 방증 is slightly more focused on the 'proof' aspect while 정황 is focused on the 'situation.'

Summary of Alternatives: 1. 증거: General proof. 2. 근거: Logical basis. 3. 뒷받침: General support (Native Korean). 4. 입증: Formal substantiation. 5. 정황: Circumstantial context.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient Chinese law, '방증' referred to witnesses or evidence that wasn't central to the case but helped fill in the gaps. Today, it's a staple of Korean legal thrillers.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /pɐŋ.dzuŋ/

US /bɑŋ.dʒuŋ/

The stress is equal on both syllables, typical of Korean word rhythm.

هم‌قافیه با

강증 (kang-jeung) 상증 (sang-jeung) 항증 (hang-jeung) 망증 (mang-jeung) 양증 (yang-jeung) 장증 (jang-jeung) 당증 (dang-jeung) 방중 (bang-jung - but different meaning)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '방' like 'bang' in English (with a heavy 'ae' sound). It should be a clear 'ah' sound.
Confusing the '증' sound with '중' (jung). Keep the 'eu' vowel sound distinct.
Aspirating the 'ㅂ' too much. It should be softer than an English 'P'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

High-level vocabulary found in news and academic texts.

نوشتن 5/5

Requires precise knowledge to distinguish from '반증'.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Rarely used in casual speech; sounds very formal.

گوش دادن 4/5

Common in news and documentaries, essential for high-level comprehension.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

증거 (Evidence) 이유 (Reason) 사실 (Fact) 보여주다 (To show) 결과 (Result)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

반증 (Counter-evidence) 입증 (Proof/Substantiation) 정황 (Circumstances) 타당성 (Validity) 개연성 (Probability)

پیشرفته

실체적 진실 (Substantive truth) 인과관계 (Causality) 상관관계 (Correlation) 논거 (Logical argument)

گرامر لازم

-(이)라는 방증이다

이것은 그가 정직하다는 방증이다.

-음/기 + -의 방증이다

그가 왔음의 방증은 신발이다.

-을/를 방증하다

이 유물은 역사를 방증한다.

방증이 되다

이 사실은 좋은 방증이 된다.

방증으로 쓰이다

이 문서는 방증으로 쓰였다.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

이것은 좋은 방증입니다.

This is a good proof.

이것 (this) + -은 (topic marker) + 방증 (proof) + -입니다 (is).

그의 웃음은 행복의 방증이에요.

His smile is a sign of happiness.

행복 (happiness) + -의 (possessive) + 방증 (sign/proof).

이 책은 인기가 많다는 방증입니다.

This book is proof that it is popular.

인기가 많다 (to be popular) + -는 (noun modifying suffix).

그녀의 눈물은 슬픔의 방증입니다.

Her tears are proof of sadness.

슬픔 (sadness) + -의 (possessive).

이 사과는 맛있다는 방증이에요.

This apple is proof that it's delicious (maybe because it's half-eaten).

맛있다 (to be delicious) + -는 (modifying suffix).

비가 온다는 방증은 우산입니다.

The proof that it's raining is the umbrella.

우산 (umbrella) + -입니다 (is).

이것은 사실의 방증입니다.

This is proof of the fact.

사실 (fact) + -의 (possessive).

그의 큰 가방은 여행의 방증입니다.

His big bag is proof of a trip.

여행 (trip/travel) + -의 (possessive).

이 결과는 그의 노력을 보여주는 방증입니다.

This result is proof that shows his effort.

보여주다 (to show) + -는 (modifying suffix).

많은 손님은 이 식당이 맛있다는 방증이에요.

Many customers are proof that this restaurant is delicious.

많은 (many) + 손님 (customers).

그의 빠른 승진은 실력의 방증입니다.

His rapid promotion is proof of his skill.

승진 (promotion) + -은 (topic marker).

아이의 키는 잘 자라고 있다는 방증입니다.

The child's height is proof they are growing well.

자라고 있다 (is growing) + -는 (modifying suffix).

이 상장은 성실함의 방증입니다.

This award is proof of sincerity.

성실함 (sincerity/diligence) + -의 (possessive).

그녀의 피곤한 얼굴은 바쁜 생활의 방증입니다.

Her tired face is proof of a busy life.

피곤한 (tired) + 얼굴 (face).

이 지도는 여행을 많이 했다는 방증이에요.

This map is proof that they traveled a lot.

했다 (did) + -는 (modifying suffix).

깨끗한 거리는 시민 의식의 방증입니다.

The clean street is proof of civic consciousness.

시민 의식 (civic awareness/consciousness).

명품 소비의 증가는 빈부 격차의 방증으로 해석됩니다.

The increase in luxury consumption is interpreted as proof of the wealth gap.

해석되다 (to be interpreted) + -ㅂ니다 (formal ending).

그의 태도 변화는 심리적 불안의 방증일 수 있습니다.

His change in attitude could be proof of psychological anxiety.

-일 수 있다 (can be / could be).

이 데이터는 시장이 변화하고 있다는 확실한 방증입니다.

This data is clear proof that the market is changing.

확실한 (clear/certain) + 방증 (proof).

유튜브 조회수는 그의 인기를 방증하는 지표입니다.

YouTube views are an indicator that proves his popularity.

방증하는 (that proves) + 지표 (indicator).

전통 시장의 쇠퇴는 유통 구조의 변화를 방증합니다.

The decline of traditional markets proves the change in distribution structures.

방증하다 (to provide supporting evidence).

이 영화의 성공은 한국 문화의 힘을 보여주는 방증이다.

The success of this movie is proof of the power of Korean culture.

보여주는 (showing) + 방증 (proof).

그의 침묵은 긍정의 방증이라고 볼 수 있습니다.

His silence can be seen as proof of affirmation.

-라고 볼 수 있다 (can be seen as).

높은 취업률은 교육 프로그램의 우수성을 방증한다.

The high employment rate proves the excellence of the education program.

우수성 (excellence) + -을 (object marker).

이번 사건은 법치주의가 여전히 작동하고 있다는 방증입니다.

This incident is proof that the rule of law is still functioning.

작동하고 있다 (is functioning) + -는 (modifying suffix).

그의 발언은 조직 내부의 갈등을 보여주는 방증으로 쓰였다.

His remarks were used as circumstantial evidence showing internal conflict in the organization.

쓰였다 (was used - passive of 쓰다).

이것은 단순한 우연이 아니라 체계적인 준비의 방증이다.

This is not a mere coincidence but proof of systematic preparation.

A-이/가 아니라 B-이다 (Not A, but B).

신선한 재료의 사용은 셰프의 철학을 방증하는 부분이다.

The use of fresh ingredients is a part that proves the chef's philosophy.

방증하는 (proving/supporting) + 부분 (part).

해외 여행객의 증가는 국민 소득의 향상을 방증한다.

The increase in overseas travelers proves the improvement of national income.

향상 (improvement/rise) + -을 (object marker).

그의 일기장은 당시의 고뇌를 방증하는 귀중한 자료다.

His diary is a valuable material that proves his agony at that time.

고뇌 (agony/suffering) + -를 (object marker).

이 수치는 우리 경제가 회복세에 있음을 보여주는 방증이다.

This figure is proof showing that our economy is in a recovery trend.

-음 (nominalizer) + -을 (object marker).

범행 현장의 흔적들은 계획 범죄임을 방증하고 있다.

The traces at the crime scene prove that it was a planned crime.

방증하고 있다 (is proving/supporting).

이 논문은 해당 이론의 타당성을 방증하는 여러 사례를 제시한다.

This paper presents several cases that support the validity of the theory.

타당성 (validity) + -를 (object marker).

정치적 무관심은 기존 체제에 대한 불신의 방증일 수 있다.

Political apathy can be a testament to distrust of the existing system.

불신 (distrust) + -의 (possessive).

검찰은 피고인의 알리바이가 허위임을 방증하는 증거를 제출했다.

The prosecution submitted evidence proving that the defendant's alibi is false.

허위 (falsehood) + -임 (nominalizer).

언어의 변화는 시대 정신의 흐름을 방증하는 거울과 같다.

Changes in language are like a mirror that proves the flow of the zeitgeist.

-와 같다 (is like).

이러한 현상은 현대인의 고독을 방증하는 슬픈 단면이다.

This phenomenon is a sad aspect that proves the loneliness of modern people.

단면 (aspect/facet/cross-section).

고전 문학의 생명력은 시대를 초월한 보편성을 방증한다.

The vitality of classical literature proves a universality that transcends time.

초월한 (transcending) + 보편성 (universality).

기업의 사회 공헌 활동은 브랜드 가치 제고의 방증이 된다.

A company's social contribution activities serve as proof of enhancing brand value.

제고 (enhancement/raising) + -의 (possessive).

도시의 무분별한 확장은 생태계 파괴를 방증하는 지표다.

The reckless expansion of cities is an indicator proving the destruction of the ecosystem.

무분별한 (reckless/indiscriminate).

형사 소송법상 방증은 직접 증거를 보완하여 실체적 진실에 접근하게 한다.

In criminal procedure law, circumstantial evidence supplements direct evidence to approach the substantive truth.

보완하여 (supplementing) + 접근하게 한다 (makes it approach).

역사적 사료의 부재 속에서 고고학적 발굴은 과거를 방증하는 유일한 길이다.

In the absence of historical records, archaeological excavation is the only way to provide proof of the past.

부재 (absence) + 속에서 (within).

기술의 급격한 발전은 역설적으로 인간 소외를 방증하는 계기가 되었다.

The rapid development of technology has paradoxically become an occasion that proves human alienation.

역설적으로 (paradoxically).

심리학적 실험 데이터는 인간의 비합리성을 방증하는 강력한 근거가 된다.

Psychological experimental data serves as strong grounds proving human irrationality.

비합리성 (irrationality) + -을 (object marker).

예술 작품의 난해함은 현대 예술의 파편화된 현실을 방증하는 요소다.

The complexity of artworks is an element that proves the fragmented reality of modern art.

난해함 (complexity/difficulty).

이러한 법적 해석은 사법부의 보수적인 성향을 방증하는 사례로 꼽힌다.

This legal interpretation is cited as a case that proves the conservative tendency of the judiciary.

꼽힌다 (is counted/cited).

기후 변화에 따른 식생의 이동은 지구 온난화를 방증하는 움직일 수 없는 사실이다.

The movement of vegetation due to climate change is an unshakeable fact proving global warming.

움직일 수 없는 (unshakeable/immovable).

철학적 담론의 빈곤은 우리 사회의 지적 깊이가 얕아졌음을 방증한다.

The poverty of philosophical discourse proves that the intellectual depth of our society has become shallow.

얕아졌음 (having become shallow) + -을 (object marker).

مترادف‌ها

증거 입증 증좌 뒷받침 반영

متضادها

반증

ترکیب‌های رایج

방증이 되다

방증을 제시하다

확실한 방증

객관적 방증

방증 자료

방증으로 삼다

간접적인 방증

방증을 확보하다

시대적 방증

방증의 가치

عبارات رایج

~임을 보여주는 방증이다

— It is a testament/proof that shows [fact].

이 수치는 경제가 어렵다는 것을 보여주는 방증이다.

~의 방증에 불과하다

— It is merely circumstantial evidence of [something].

그것은 빙산의 일각을 보여주는 방증에 불과하다.

방증이라 할 수 있다

— It can be said to be proof/evidence.

이 현상은 사회적 불안의 방증이라 할 수 있다.

방증을 뒷받침하다

— To support the circumstantial evidence (often redundant but used for emphasis).

새로운 사실이 기존의 방증을 뒷받침한다.

유력한 방증

— Strong/convincing circumstantial evidence.

그의 지문은 현장에 있었다는 유력한 방증이다.

방증적 의미

— The significance as supporting evidence.

이 행동은 방증적 의미가 크다.

방증을 수집하다

— To collect supporting evidence.

사건의 방증을 수집하는 중이다.

방증에 의존하다

— To rely on circumstantial evidence.

직접 증거 없이 방증에만 의존하는 것은 위험하다.

방증의 논리

— The logic of circumstantial proof.

그의 주장은 방증의 논리가 부족하다.

방증으로 해석되다

— To be interpreted as proof.

그의 웃음은 승낙의 방증으로 해석되었다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

방증 vs 반증

The most common confusion. 반증 means 'counter-evidence' (disproof), while 방증 means 'supporting evidence'.

방증 vs 증거

증거 is the general term for proof. 방증 is a specific type of indirect/supporting proof.

방증 vs 방해

Sounds similar but means 'interference' or 'obstruction'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"아니 땐 굴뚝에 연기 날까"

— Where there's smoke, there's fire. (Often used when '방증' suggests a hidden truth).

소문이 도는 걸 보니 아니 땐 굴뚝에 연기 날까 싶어. 이건 방증이야.

General

"하나를 보면 열을 안다"

— To know ten things by seeing one. (A single '방증' reveals the whole character).

그의 작은 실수는 평소 태도를 보여주는 방증이야. 하나를 보면 열을 안다잖아.

General

"빙산의 일각"

— The tip of the iceberg. (A '방증' that shows only a tiny part of a larger problem).

이 비리는 빙산의 일각을 보여주는 방증일 뿐이다.

General

"꼬리가 길면 밟힌다"

— If your tail is long, it will be stepped on. (Accumulating '방증' eventually leads to direct proof).

그는 결국 방증이 쌓여 잡혔어. 꼬리가 길면 밟히는 법이지.

General

"도둑이 제 발 저리다"

— A thief's feet go numb. (Acting guilty is a '방증' of having done something wrong).

그가 갑자기 화를 내는 건 도둑이 제 발 저린 방증이다.

General

"바늘 도둑이 소 도둑 된다"

— A needle thief becomes a cow thief. (Small '방증' of bad behavior can lead to bigger issues).

작은 거짓말은 그가 정직하지 않다는 방증이야. 바늘 도둑이 소 도둑 된다고 하잖아.

General

"윗물이 맑아야 아랫물이 맑다"

— Only when the upper water is clear will the lower water be clear. (The state of the 'lower' is a '방증' of the 'upper').

직원들의 불만은 경영진의 문제에 대한 방증이다. 윗물이 맑아야 아랫물이 맑지.

General

"손바닥으로 하늘을 가린다"

— Trying to cover the sky with one's palm. (Trying to hide '방증' that is obvious).

그의 변명은 손바닥으로 하늘을 가리는 격이자, 유죄의 방증이다.

General

"자다가 봉창 두드린다"

— To knock on a window in one's sleep. (Giving irrelevant '방증' that doesn't fit the logic).

그의 설명은 자다가 봉창 두드리는 소리 같아서 방증이 안 돼.

General

"누워서 침 뱉기"

— Spitting while lying down. (Self-incriminating '방증').

자신의 팀을 욕하는 것은 본인의 무능함을 보여주는 방증이자 누워서 침 뱉기다.

General

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

방증 vs 반증

Phonetically similar (Bang vs Ban).

방증 supports a claim; 반증 refutes a claim. If you want to say 'Evidence shows it is true,' use 방증.

노력의 방증 (Proof of effort) vs. 가설의 반증 (Refutation of hypothesis).

방증 vs 방정

Phonetically similar.

방정 usually relates to 'equations' (mathematics) or 'behavioral correctness.' It has nothing to do with evidence.

방정식을 풀다 (Solve an equation).

방증 vs 입증

Both relate to proving something.

입증 is the active act of proving something definitively. 방증 is the supporting evidence itself, usually indirect.

무죄를 입증하다 (Prove innocence).

방증 vs 물증

Both are types of evidence.

물증 is 'physical evidence' (like a weapon). 방증 is 'circumstantial evidence' (like a motive or presence).

확실한 물증이 발견되었다.

방증 vs 심증

Both are types of evidence/conviction.

심증 is an 'internal feeling' or 'suspicion' without physical proof. 방증 is based on external, albeit indirect, facts.

심증은 가는데 물증이 없다.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

A는 B의 방증이다

이것은 그의 인기의 방증이다.

A는 B임을 방증한다

이 결과는 그가 옳았음을 방증한다.

A라는 확실한 방증

그가 범인이라는 확실한 방증이 있다.

A를 방증하는 지표/사례

성공을 방증하는 여러 사례가 있다.

방증으로 해석될 여지가 있다

그의 행동은 거절의 방증으로 해석될 여지가 있다.

방증에 기초하여 결론을 내리다

여러 방증에 기초하여 결론을 내렸다.

방증 자료를 보강하다

우리는 방증 자료를 더 보강해야 한다.

방증의 논리적 타당성

방증의 논리적 타당성을 검토하십시오.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

방증 (circumstantial evidence)

방증물 (supporting object/material)

방증인 (supporting witness)

فعل‌ها

방증하다 (to provide supporting evidence/to corroborate)

صفت‌ها

방증적 (corroborative/circumstantial)

مرتبط

증거 (evidence)

반증 (counter-evidence)

입증 (proof)

물증 (physical evidence)

심증 (internal conviction/suspicion)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in media and professional writing; low in daily casual speech.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 반증 when you mean 방증. → 성공은 노력의 방증이다.
Native speakers do this too, but it's logically wrong. Bang (+) vs Ban (-).
Using 방증 in very casual talk. → 이건 네가 나를 좋아한다는 증거야.
'방증' sounds too stiff for a romantic or casual conversation.
Confusing 방증 with 방정. → 방증 자료를 제출했다.
'방정' is for math or behavior. Don't mix up the final consonants.
Using 방증 for a direct confession. → 그의 자백은 범행의 직접 증거다.
A confession is direct evidence, not '방증' (circumstantial).
Incorrect particle: 방증을이다. → 방증이다.
It's a noun, so use the copula directly or use '-의 방증'.

نکات

The 'Side' Rule

Remember the Hanja 'Bang' (傍) means 'side'. If the evidence is coming from the 'side' to help the main point, it's '방증'.

Copula Usage

The most natural way to use it is 'A는 B의 방증이다'. Stick to this pattern for 90% of your usage.

Dress Up Your Korean

Use '방증' in professional emails or reports to show a high level of Korean proficiency.

Indirectness is Key

Don't use it for a direct video recording of an event. Use it for the 'clues' that suggest the event happened.

TOPIK Writing

When describing a graph or social trend in TOPIK Task 53, use '이는 ~의 방증이다' to conclude your analysis.

News Watch

Listen for this word during the 'Closing Comments' of a news anchor; they use it to summarize the day's meaning.

Contextual Guessing

If you see '방증' in a sentence, look for a 'Fact' and an 'Implication'. The word connects them.

The 'Ban' vs 'Bang' Test

Ask yourself: Am I supporting (+) or refuting (-)? Support = Bang. Refute = Ban.

Sociological Insight

Koreans love finding 'meaning' in small trends. '방증' is the perfect word for that cultural habit.

Visual Puzzle

Imagine '방증' as the extra pieces of a puzzle that help you see the whole picture.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'BANG' (방) on the 'SIDE' of a 'JEUNG' (증 - evidence). It's the 'Side-Evidence' that makes a big 'Bang' in court!

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a central puzzle piece (the fact) and another piece that fits right next to it (the 방증). It doesn't show the whole picture, but it proves the central piece belongs there.

شبکه واژگان

증거 (Evidence) 간접 (Indirect) 도움 (Help) 사실 (Fact) 법 (Law) 뉴스 (News) 사회 (Society) 논리 (Logic)

چالش

Try to find one '방증' in your daily life. For example, 'The empty milk carton is a 방증 that someone ate cereal.'

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters).

معنای اصلی: 傍 (방) means 'side' or 'beside'. 證 (증) means 'proof' or 'evidence'. Together, it means 'evidence from the side.'

Sino-Korean

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but using it in very casual settings might make you sound like you are trying too hard to be intellectual.

The closest English equivalent is 'circumstantial evidence' or 'testament to.' English speakers often use 'proof' for everything, but Korean is more specific about the *type* of proof.

The drama 'Stranger' (비밀의 숲) frequently uses this term in its complex legal battles. Academic papers on the 'Korean Wave' (Hallyu) often use '방증' to describe how global sales prove cultural influence. Korean news headlines about the 'Low Birth Rate' (저출산) almost daily use '방증' to link it to economic issues.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Legal Trials

방증을 채택하다
방증 자료를 제출하다
유력한 방증
방증의 신빙성

Economic Reports

소비 패턴의 방증
경기 회복의 방증
양극화의 방증
성장세의 방증

Academic Research

가설을 방증하다
데이터를 방증으로 삼다
이론적 방증
문헌적 방증

Social Criticism

사회상의 방증
민심의 방증
시대의 방증
문화적 방증

Personal Evaluation

노력의 방증
실력의 방증
성품의 방증
정직함의 방증

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"최근의 이런 현상이 우리 사회의 무엇을 방증한다고 생각하세요? (What do you think this recent phenomenon is a testament to in our society?)"

"그의 성공이 단순한 운이 아니라는 방증이 있을까요? (Is there any proof that his success wasn't just luck?)"

"이 데이터가 우리 가설을 방증하기에 충분할까요? (Is this data sufficient to support our hypothesis?)"

"명품 소비 열풍이 한국 사회의 어떤 면을 방증하는 걸까요? (What aspect of Korean society does the luxury consumption craze prove?)"

"침묵이 항상 긍정의 방증은 아니지 않을까요? (Wouldn't silence not always be proof of affirmation?)"

موضوعات نگارش

내가 최근에 이룬 성취가 나의 어떤 노력을 방증하는지 써보세요. (Write about what efforts your recent achievements prove.)

우리 동네의 변화가 사회의 어떤 트렌드를 방증하고 있는지 관찰해 보세요. (Observe what social trends the changes in your neighborhood are proving.)

누군가의 행동이 그 사람의 성격을 방증했던 구체적인 사례를 기록해 보세요. (Record a specific instance where someone's behavior proved their character.)

'방증'과 '반증'을 잘못 사용했던 경험이나 사례에 대해 써보세요. (Write about an experience or instance where '방증' and '반증' were used incorrectly.)

뉴스를 보고, 기자가 어떤 사실을 '방증'이라고 표현했는지 분석해 보세요. (Watch the news and analyze what facts the reporter described as '방증'.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

방증(傍證)은 어떤 사실을 곁에서 도와 증명하는 '뒷받침 증거'이고, 반증(反證)은 반대되는 근거를 들어 어떤 사실이 틀렸음을 증명하는 '반대 증거'입니다. 예를 들어, 시험 점수가 높은 것은 '공부를 열심히 했다는 방증'이지만, 그가 시험 시간에 놀고 있었다는 사실은 '공부를 했다는 주장에 대한 반증'이 됩니다.

친구들과 밥을 먹거나 수다를 떨 때는 거의 쓰지 않습니다. 대신 '증거'나 '진짜라는 뜻' 같은 쉬운 표현을 씁니다. 하지만 뉴스, 신문, 토론, 또는 회사에서 보고서를 쓸 때는 아주 자주 쓰이는 단어입니다.

일반적으로 직접적인 증거가 없을 때 여러 가지 방증(간접 증거)을 종합하여 판단합니다. 방증들이 서로 모순되지 않고 하나의 사실을 가리킬 때 법적 효력을 가질 수 있습니다.

네, '방증하다'는 '어떤 사실을 간접적으로 증명하다'라는 뜻의 동사로 쓰입니다. 예: '이 데이터는 가설이 옳음을 방증한다.'

곁 방(傍)과 증거 증(證)을 씁니다. '곁에서 도와주는 증거'라는 뜻입니다.

TOPIK II(중고급) 읽기나 쓰기 영역에서 사회 현상을 설명하는 지문에 매우 자주 등장합니다. 고급 어휘 점수를 얻기 위해 꼭 알아두어야 합니다.

'방증이 되다'는 어떤 상황이나 사물이 증거의 역할을 한다는 뜻이고, '방증을 하다'는 능동적으로 증명하는 행위를 강조합니다. 보통 'A는 B의 방증이 된다'를 더 많이 씁니다.

엄밀히 말하면 반대 증거인 '반증'이 반대 개념으로 쓰이지만, 증거가 없음을 뜻하는 '무증' 등은 잘 쓰이지 않습니다.

'확실한', '강력한', '유력한', '충분한', '결정적인' 등과 자주 어울려 쓰입니다.

문맥에 따라 'circumstantial evidence', 'supporting evidence', 'testament to', 'corroboration' 등으로 번역할 수 있습니다.

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