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A2 noun #1,500 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

medicina

رتبه 1,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها medicina در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح medicina in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, your primary goal is to recognize the word 'medicina' and understand its most basic meaning. You need to know that 'medicina' refers to the science of healing and the university course that doctors study. It is crucial at this stage to learn the difference between 'medicina' (the science) and 'remédio' (the pill you take). As a beginner, you will mostly use this word when talking about professions or university studies. For example, if someone asks what your brother studies, you might say 'Ele estuda medicina' (He studies medicine). You do not need to worry about complex medical terminology yet. Focus on simple sentences using the verbs 'estudar' (to study) and 'gostar de' (to like). You might also hear it in very basic descriptions of places, like 'a faculdade de medicina' (the medical school). Practice pronouncing the word clearly: me-di-ci-na, with the stress on the 'ci' syllable. Remember that it is a feminine noun, so it uses 'a' or 'uma'. By mastering this simple distinction and learning a few basic phrases, you will build a strong foundation for more complex health-related vocabulary in the future. Keep practicing the pronunciation and associating it with doctors and hospitals rather than pharmacies and pills.

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At the A2 elementary level, you are ready to expand your use of the word 'medicina' beyond just stating what someone studies. You should now be able to use it in slightly more descriptive sentences and understand it in short texts or conversations about health and careers. At this stage, you can start combining 'medicina' with adjectives to describe different types, such as 'medicina tradicional' (traditional medicine) or 'medicina natural' (natural medicine). You will also encounter it when reading simple news headlines or watching basic educational videos in Portuguese. You should practice using prepositions correctly with the word, such as 'na medicina' (in medicine) or 'de medicina' (of medicine). For instance, you can say 'Há muitos avanços na medicina' (There are many advances in medicine). You should also be comfortable discussing why someone might choose this field, using conjunctions like 'porque' (because). For example: 'Ela estuda medicina porque quer ajudar as pessoas' (She studies medicine because she wants to help people). Continue to reinforce the rule that 'medicina' is never the medication itself. Your goal at A2 is to comfortably integrate the word into everyday conversations about future plans, general health topics, and descriptions of the world around you.

At the B1 intermediate level, your understanding and usage of 'medicina' should become significantly more nuanced and flexible. You are now capable of discussing the topic in more detail, expressing opinions, and understanding longer, more complex texts such as magazine articles or news reports about healthcare. You should be familiar with terms like 'medicina preventiva' (preventive medicine) and 'medicina alternativa' (alternative medicine) and be able to discuss the pros and cons of each. At this level, you can talk about the history of medicine ('a história da medicina') or the future of healthcare. You should also be comfortable using verbs like 'praticar' (to practice) and 'exercer' (to exercise/practice) in relation to the profession. For example: 'É difícil praticar a medicina em áreas rurais' (It is difficult to practice medicine in rural areas). You will start to notice how 'medicina' is used in broader societal contexts, such as debates about public health systems (like the SUS in Brazil). Your vocabulary around the word should expand to include related terms like 'tratamento' (treatment), 'diagnóstico' (diagnosis), and 'pesquisa' (research). Practice writing short essays or participating in discussions about the importance of medical research and the challenges faced by medical professionals today.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, you are expected to handle the word 'medicina' with a high degree of fluency and accuracy in both abstract and concrete contexts. You should be able to read and fully comprehend detailed articles, watch documentaries, and follow news debates regarding medical ethics, technological advancements, and public health policies. At this stage, you will use 'medicina' in complex sentence structures, employing the subjunctive mood when expressing doubts, hopes, or hypothetical situations related to the field. For example: 'É fundamental que a medicina avance para curar novas doenças' (It is fundamental that medicine advances to cure new diseases). You should be comfortable discussing specialized branches of medicine, such as 'medicina legal' (forensic medicine), 'medicina do trabalho' (occupational medicine), or 'medicina nuclear' (nuclear medicine). Your ability to argue and defend viewpoints on controversial topics, such as the regulation of alternative medicine or the ethics of genetic engineering in medicine, should be well-developed. You will also understand idiomatic or figurative uses of the concept, recognizing the cultural weight the profession holds in Portuguese-speaking societies. Your focus should be on refining your vocabulary, ensuring precise prepositional usage, and expanding your ability to discuss the socio-economic impacts of medical science.

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At the C1 advanced level, your command of the word 'medicina' and its associated lexicon must be near-native, allowing you to engage in highly specialized, academic, or professional discourse. You should be able to read medical journals, understand complex legal frameworks regarding medical practice, and participate in sophisticated debates on bioethics and global health crises. At this level, you are not just using the word; you are manipulating the language to express subtle nuances about the epistemology of medical science, the intersection of medicine and technology (like artificial intelligence in diagnostics), and the historical evolution of medical paradigms. You will effortlessly use advanced collocations and idiomatic expressions. For instance, discussing 'a mercantilização da medicina' (the commercialization of medicine) or 'os ditames da medicina baseada em evidências' (the dictates of evidence-based medicine). Your writing and speaking will demonstrate a mastery of complex grammar, including passive voice, advanced subjunctive triggers, and sophisticated cohesive devices when linking arguments about healthcare infrastructure. You should also be highly attuned to the register, knowing exactly when to use formal academic terminology versus more accessible language when explaining medical concepts to a lay audience. The word 'medicina' becomes a gateway to discussing the human condition, ethics, and the frontiers of scientific discovery.

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At the C2 mastery level, your understanding and application of the word 'medicina' are indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You possess the ability to deconstruct and critically analyze the most complex texts, philosophical treatises, and socio-political critiques concerning the medical field. You can seamlessly navigate the historical, cultural, and ethical dimensions of 'medicina', discussing topics such as the biopolitics of healthcare, the philosophical implications of life-extending medical technologies, and the intricate legalities of medical malpractice. Your vocabulary is expansive, encompassing archaic terms, highly specialized jargon, and regional variations in medical discourse across the Lusophone world. You can effortlessly produce academic papers, deliver keynote speeches, or engage in high-stakes professional negotiations involving medical terminology. You understand the profound cultural narratives surrounding the figure of the physician and the institution of medicine in literature and history. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'medicina' is not merely a vocabulary word; it is a complex conceptual framework through which you can articulate profound insights about science, society, mortality, and human progress, using the full, unrestricted expressive power of the Portuguese language.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

medicina در ۳۰ ثانیه

The science of healing.
The university degree for doctors.
The professional practice of healthcare.
NOT the physical pill or medication.

The Portuguese word 'medicina' is a fundamental noun that translates directly to 'medicine' in English, specifically referring to the science, academic discipline, and professional practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. It is crucial to understand that in Portuguese, 'medicina' almost exclusively refers to the field of study or the profession, unlike in English where 'medicine' can also mean the physical pill or liquid you consume to feel better. In Portuguese, the medication itself is called 'remédio' or 'medicamento'. The concept of 'medicina' encompasses a vast array of specializations, historical developments, and cultural significance. When you hear someone say they are studying 'medicina', it means they are in medical school, embarking on a long, rigorous academic journey. This distinction is one of the first and most important hurdles for learners of Portuguese. Let us explore the various dimensions of this word.

Academic Discipline: As an academic field, 'medicina' is considered one of the most prestigious and competitive courses in Portuguese-speaking countries. Universities require exceptionally high scores for admission into their 'Faculdade de Medicina'.

Ela passou no vestibular para medicina na universidade federal.

Furthermore, 'medicina' is divided into numerous branches. We have 'medicina preventiva', which focuses on preventing illnesses before they occur, and 'medicina curativa', which deals with treating existing conditions.

Professional Practice: The daily application of medical knowledge by doctors and healthcare professionals in hospitals, clinics, and communities to improve public health and individual well-being.

O avanço da medicina moderna salvou milhões de vidas.

The evolution of 'medicina' has been marked by incredible technological advancements, from the discovery of penicillin to modern robotic surgeries. In Brazil and Portugal, the public health systems (like the SUS in Brazil) rely heavily on the continuous development of 'medicina' to provide care to the population.

Alternative Practices: Beyond traditional Western practices, the term is also used to describe other healing traditions, such as 'medicina alternativa' or 'medicina tradicional chinesa', which incorporate different philosophies of health.

Muitos pacientes buscam a medicina alternativa para alívio do estresse.

The societal impact of 'medicina' cannot be overstated. It shapes public policy, influences economic decisions regarding healthcare funding, and profoundly affects human longevity and quality of life. In literature and media, 'medicina' is often portrayed as a noble calling, requiring immense sacrifice and dedication.

A história da medicina é fascinante e cheia de descobertas incríveis.

As you continue to learn Portuguese, you will find that 'medicina' frequently appears in discussions about the future, ethics, and human rights, particularly the right to health.

A ética na medicina é um tema de debate constante entre os profissionais.

Understanding this word deeply connects you to how Portuguese speakers view health, science, and the professionals who dedicate their lives to caring for others.

Using the word 'medicina' correctly in Portuguese involves understanding its syntactic behavior, common collocations, and the specific contexts in which it naturally appears. Because it is a feminine noun, it must agree with feminine articles (a, uma, as, umas) and feminine adjectives (moderna, tradicional, avançada). The most common verbs associated with 'medicina' are 'estudar' (to study), 'praticar' (to practice), 'exercer' (to exercise/practice), and 'avançar' (to advance).

With Verbs of Study and Practice: When talking about education or career, you will frequently pair 'medicina' with verbs that denote learning or professional execution. This is the most common everyday usage for students and professionals.

Meu sonho sempre foi estudar medicina para ajudar as pessoas.

Another critical aspect of using 'medicina' is pairing it with adjectives to specify the branch or type of medical practice. For instance, 'medicina legal' refers to forensics, 'medicina esportiva' is sports medicine, and 'medicina do trabalho' is occupational medicine.

Specifying the Field: Adjectives are placed after the noun 'medicina' to narrow down the specific area of scientific focus or professional application being discussed.

Ele é especialista em medicina esportiva e trabalha com atletas olímpicos.

You will also hear 'medicina' used in broader, more abstract contexts, such as discussing the progress of science or public health policies. In these cases, it is often preceded by the definite article 'a'.

Abstract and Scientific Contexts: Used to represent the entire body of medical knowledge, research, and the global community of healthcare professionals striving for scientific breakthroughs.

A medicina deu saltos gigantescos no último século.

Furthermore, the phrase 'praticar a medicina' is the formal way to say 'to practice medicine'. It implies holding a valid license and actively working as a physician. It is a regulated term in Portuguese-speaking countries.

É ilegal praticar a medicina sem o devido registro no conselho regional.

Lastly, when discussing the history or the future, phrases like 'história da medicina' or 'o futuro da medicina' are extremely common in academic texts, documentaries, and journalistic articles.

O documentário explora a evolução e o futuro da medicina genômica.

Mastering the use of 'medicina' allows you to participate in high-level conversations about health, science, and society with native speakers.

The word 'medicina' is ubiquitous in Portuguese-speaking societies, appearing across a wide spectrum of contexts ranging from casual daily conversations to highly formal academic and political discourse. Because health is a universal concern, the science and practice that safeguard it are constantly discussed. You will frequently encounter this word in educational settings, healthcare environments, media broadcasts, and literature. Let us delve into the specific places and situations where 'medicina' is most commonly heard.

Educational Institutions: Universities and high schools are prime locations for this word. High school students often talk about the intense preparation required to pass the entrance exams for medical school.

Ele passa horas na biblioteca porque quer entrar em medicina.

Another major domain is the news media. Television news, newspapers, and online portals constantly report on medical breakthroughs, public health crises, and the state of the healthcare system.

News and Journalism: Journalists use the word when discussing new treatments, hospital conditions, government funding for health research, or global health emergencies.

O jornal de hoje destacou uma nova descoberta na medicina oncológica.

You will also hear it in hospitals and clinics, though perhaps less frequently than words like 'médico' (doctor) or 'paciente' (patient). In these settings, it is usually used to refer to protocols, departments, or the overarching science guiding the treatments.

Clinical Settings: Used by professionals discussing their field, ethical guidelines, or referring patients to specific specialized departments like nuclear medicine.

O paciente foi encaminhado para o departamento de medicina nuclear para exames.

In everyday conversation, people might discuss 'medicina' when talking about alternative therapies or lifestyle choices. Phrases like 'medicina natural' or 'medicina preventiva' are very common among people discussing diets, exercise, and holistic health approaches.

Minha tia prefere a medicina natural e usa muitas ervas para chás.

Finally, in political discourse, 'medicina' is invoked when debating the quality of national healthcare systems, the regulation of medical professionals, and the importation of doctors from other countries (such as the 'Mais Médicos' program in Brazil).

O governo prometeu mais investimentos para a pesquisa em medicina tropical.

Being aware of these contexts will help you recognize the word and understand the gravity and specific nuance it carries in different situations.

When learning Portuguese, especially for English speakers, the word 'medicina' presents a classic false friend scenario that leads to very common and sometimes amusing mistakes. Because the English word 'medicine' serves a dual purpose—referring both to the scientific field and the physical medication—learners naturally assume the Portuguese word 'medicina' works the exact same way. This is the root of the most frequent errors. Let us break down these common pitfalls and how to avoid them effectively.

The False Friend Error: The most prevalent mistake is using 'medicina' when you actually mean 'remédio' (medication/pill). Saying 'Eu preciso comprar minha medicina' sounds extremely unnatural to a native speaker.

Incorreto: Tome sua medicina. Correto: Tome seu remédio.

Another common mistake involves prepositions. Learners often struggle with whether to use 'de', 'em', or 'sobre' when connecting 'medicina' to other concepts. For example, when saying 'a student of medicine', the correct form is 'estudante de medicina'.

Preposition Confusion: Using literal translations from English prepositions can lead to awkward phrasing. For instance, 'advances in medicine' translates to 'avanços na medicina' (em + a), not just 'avanços em medicina' in most contexts.

Houve muitos avanços na medicina recentemente.

Furthermore, capitalization rules differ slightly. While in English, 'Medicine' is often capitalized when referring to the faculty or specific degree, in Portuguese, 'medicina' is generally lowercase unless it is part of a proper noun, like the official name of an institution (e.g., Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo).

Capitalization Errors: Over-capitalizing the word in the middle of a sentence when referring to the general science is a common orthographic mistake among learners.

Ele estuda medicina (not Medicina) na faculdade local.

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'medicina' with 'médico/médica' (the doctor). You cannot say 'Eu vou à medicina' to mean 'I am going to the doctor'. You must say 'Eu vou ao médico'.

Incorreto: Preciso ver a medicina. Correto: Preciso ver o médico.

By being mindful of these distinctions—especially the strict separation between the science ('medicina') and the drug ('remédio')—you will sound much more natural and avoid confusing native speakers during conversations about health and wellness.

In the semantic field of health and science in Portuguese, 'medicina' is surrounded by several related terms that are crucial for building a robust vocabulary. Understanding these similar words, their nuances, and how they differ from 'medicina' will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively about healthcare, academia, and well-being. While 'medicina' is the overarching science of diagnosing and treating disease, other words describe the physical treatments, the professionals, or allied health sciences. Let us explore these related terms in detail.

Remédio / Medicamento: These are the words you use for the actual physical medicine, pills, or syrups you take to cure an illness. 'Medicamento' is slightly more formal and technical than 'remédio'.

O médico receitou um novo medicamento, um avanço da medicina moderna.

Another closely related field is 'enfermagem' (nursing). While 'medicina' focuses on diagnosis and treatment plans, 'enfermagem' focuses on patient care, recovery, and the administration of treatments. Both are vital, distinct academic courses and professions.

Enfermagem: The profession or study of nursing. It works alongside medicine but has its own distinct methodologies and professional councils.

A equipe do hospital é composta por profissionais de medicina e enfermagem.

We also have 'farmácia' (pharmacy), which can refer to both the academic study of drug formulation and the physical store where you buy medications. A student of 'farmácia' studies how to create the drugs that professionals of 'medicina' will prescribe.

Farmácia: The science of preparing and dispensing medical drugs, or the shop where they are sold.

A pesquisa em farmácia caminha lado a lado com a medicina.

Finally, the word 'saúde' (health) is the ultimate goal of all these disciplines. While 'medicina' is the tool and the science, 'saúde' is the state of being well. You will often see them paired in phrases like 'saúde e medicina'.

O ministério foca em melhorar a saúde pública através da medicina preventiva.

By distinguishing 'medicina' from 'remédio', 'enfermagem', 'farmácia', and 'saúde', you build a highly accurate and sophisticated vocabulary network that allows you to navigate medical and scientific topics in Portuguese with the precision of a native speaker.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Feminine Noun Agreement (a medicina moderna)

Prepositions of Field (avanços na medicina, estudante de medicina)

Verbs with Prepositions (gostar de medicina, focar em medicina)

Use of Definite Articles for Abstract Nouns (A medicina é vital)

Subjunctive with Impersonal Expressions (É importante que a medicina avance)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Eu estudo medicina.

I study medicine.

Subject + verb + noun. 'Medicina' is the direct object.

A medicina é importante.

Medicine is important.

Uses the definite article 'A' before the feminine noun.

Ele quer fazer medicina.

He wants to do (study) medicine.

'Fazer medicina' is a common colloquial way to say 'study medicine'.

A faculdade de medicina é grande.

The medical school is big.

'de medicina' acts as an adjectival phrase modifying 'faculdade'.

Ela gosta de medicina.

She likes medicine.

The verb 'gostar' requires the preposition 'de'.

O livro de medicina é caro.

The medicine book is expensive.

Vocabulary building: combining 'livro' with 'medicina'.

Meu irmão estuda medicina.

My brother studies medicine.

Possessive pronoun 'Meu' with family vocabulary.

Medicina é uma ciência.

Medicine is a science.

Defining the noun using the verb 'ser'.

A medicina moderna salva muitas vidas todos os dias.

Modern medicine saves many lives every day.

Adjective 'moderna' agrees in gender with 'medicina'.

Ela passou no exame para estudar medicina na universidade.

She passed the exam to study medicine at the university.

Using 'para' to show purpose.

Existem muitos tipos diferentes de medicina no mundo.

There are many different types of medicine in the world.

Using 'tipos de' to categorize.

A medicina natural usa plantas para ajudar as pessoas.

Natural medicine uses plants to help people.

Introduction of specific branches like 'medicina natural'.

O médico falou sobre os avanços da medicina.

The doctor talked about the advances of medicine.

Preposition 'da' (de + a) showing possession/relation.

Estudar medicina exige muita dedicação e tempo.

Studying medicine requires a lot of dedication and time.

Infinitive 'Estudar' acting as the subject of the sentence.

Eu li um artigo interessante sobre medicina ontem.

I read an interesting article about medicine yesterday.

Preposition 'sobre' meaning 'about'.

A história da medicina é muito antiga e fascinante.

The history of medicine is very old and fascinating.

Connecting 'história' and 'medicina'.

A medicina preventiva é fundamental para evitar doenças graves no futuro.

Preventive medicine is fundamental to avoid serious diseases in the future.

Use of complex adjectives like 'preventiva' and purpose clauses.

Muitos estudantes desistem do curso de medicina por causa do estresse.

Many students drop out of the medicine course because of the stress.

Phrasal structures like 'desistir de' and 'por causa de'.

A medicina alternativa tem ganhado popularidade entre os jovens recentemente.

Alternative medicine has gained popularity among young people recently.

Present perfect equivalent structure 'tem ganhado'.

É impressionante como a medicina evoluiu nas últimas décadas.

It is impressive how medicine has evolved in the last decades.

Impersonal expression 'É impressionante como'.

Ele decidiu seguir a carreira de medicina após um evento familiar.

He decided to follow the medicine career after a family event.

Vocabulary expansion: 'seguir a carreira de'.

Os avanços na medicina genética estão mudando a forma como tratamos o câncer.

Advances in genetic medicine are changing the way we treat cancer.

Present continuous 'estão mudando'.

A ética na medicina é um assunto debatido frequentemente nas universidades.

Ethics in medicine is a subject frequently debated in universities.

Passive voice construction 'é debatido'.

Para praticar a medicina legalmente, é necessário ter um registro profissional.

To practice medicine legally, it is necessary to have a professional registration.

Infinitive phrases indicating condition/requirement.

Embora a medicina tenha avançado muito, ainda há doenças incuráveis.

Although medicine has advanced a lot, there are still incurable diseases.

Use of 'Embora' with the present perfect subjunctive 'tenha avançado'.

A medicina do trabalho foca na saúde e segurança dos funcionários nas empresas.

Occupational medicine focuses on the health and safety of employees in companies.

Specific terminology: 'medicina do trabalho'.

Se houvesse mais investimento em medicina, as filas nos hospitais seriam menores.

If there were more investment in medicine, the lines in hospitals would be shorter.

Imperfect subjunctive 'houvesse' with conditional 'seriam'.

O simpósio internacional abordará os dilemas éticos da medicina contemporânea.

The international symposium will address the ethical dilemmas of contemporary medicine.

Future tense 'abordará' and advanced vocabulary 'dilemas éticos'.

A mercantilização da medicina levanta questões sobre o acesso universal à saúde.

The commercialization of medicine raises questions about universal access to healthcare.

Abstract nouns like 'mercantilização' acting as subjects.

Espera-se que a medicina de precisão revolucione os tratamentos oncológicos.

It is expected that precision medicine will revolutionize oncological treatments.

Passive impersonal 'Espera-se que' triggering the subjunctive 'revolucione'.

A integração da inteligência artificial na medicina diagnóstica já é uma realidade.

The integration of artificial intelligence in diagnostic medicine is already a reality.

Complex noun phrases 'integração da inteligência artificial'.

Ele atua na área de medicina legal, auxiliando a polícia em investigações complexas.

He works in the area of forensic medicine, assisting the police in complex investigations.

Gerund 'auxiliando' used to show simultaneous action/result.

A medicina baseada em evidências constitui o paradigma central da prática clínica atual.

Evidence-based medicine constitutes the central paradigm of current clinical practice.

Highly formal academic vocabulary 'constitui o paradigma'.

É imperativo que os currículos de medicina incorporem as nuances da bioética moderna.

It is imperative that medicine curricula incorporate the nuances of modern bioethics.

Formal trigger 'É imperativo que' with present subjunctive 'incorporem'.

A telemedicina mitigou substancialmente as barreiras geográficas no acesso a especialistas.

Telemedicine has substantially mitigated geographical barriers in accessing specialists.

Advanced verbs 'mitigou' and adverbs 'substancialmente'.

A transição epidemiológica impõe novos desafios à medicina preventiva nos países em desenvolvimento.

The epidemiological transition imposes new challenges on preventive medicine in developing countries.

Complex subject 'transição epidemiológica' and verb 'impõe'.

A judicialização da medicina tem sobrecarregado tanto o sistema de saúde quanto o judiciário.

The judicialization of medicine has overburdened both the healthcare system and the judiciary.

Correlative conjunctions 'tanto... quanto'.

O escopo da medicina paliativa transcende a mera mitigação da dor física.

The scope of palliative medicine transcends the mere mitigation of physical pain.

Advanced vocabulary 'escopo', 'transcende', 'mera mitigação'.

A medicina translacional visa estreitar a lacuna entre a pesquisa de bancada e o leito do paciente.

Translational medicine aims to narrow the gap between bench research and the patient's bedside.

Idiomatic professional phrasing 'pesquisa de bancada e o leito'.

A despeito dos avanços tecnológicos, a humanização na medicina permanece um pilar inegociável.

Despite technological advances, humanization in medicine remains a non-negotiable pillar.

Concessive phrase 'A despeito de' and formal verb 'permanece'.

A intrincada teia de interesses que permeia a medicina corporativa frequentemente eclipsa o juramento hipocrático.

The intricate web of interests that permeates corporate medicine frequently eclipses the Hippocratic oath.

Poetic/academic metaphor 'intrincada teia' and advanced verb 'eclipsa'.

A epistemologia da medicina contemporânea debate-se constantemente com os limites do reducionismo biológico.

The epistemology of contemporary medicine constantly struggles with the limits of biological reductionism.

Reflexive verb 'debate-se' in a highly philosophical context.

Não obstante o ceticismo inicial, a medicina genômica consolidou-se como o corolário da biologia molecular.

Notwithstanding initial skepticism, genomic medicine has consolidated itself as the corollary of molecular biology.

Formal concessive 'Não obstante' and academic term 'corolário'.

A obsolescência programada de certos protocolos na medicina alopática suscita debates acalorados na academia.

The planned obsolescence of certain protocols in allopathic medicine provokes heated debates in academia.

Complex noun phrase 'obsolescência programada' applied to protocols.

A medicina, em sua acepção mais holística, não pode prescindir da análise dos determinantes sociais da saúde.

Medicine, in its most holistic sense, cannot do without the analysis of the social determinants of health.

Advanced verb 'prescindir de' (to do without).

A iatrogenia permanece um dos calcanhares de Aquiles da medicina intervencionista moderna.

Iatrogenesis remains one of the Achilles' heels of modern interventional medicine.

Use of specific medical jargon 'iatrogenia' and idiom 'calcanhares de Aquiles'.

Urge que a práxis da medicina desvencilhe-se das amarras do complexo médico-industrial.

It is urgent that the praxis of medicine disentangles itself from the bonds of the medical-industrial complex.

Highly formal impersonal verb 'Urge que' triggering the subjunctive 'desvencilhe-se'.

A ontologia da doença na medicina tradicional chinesa diverge diametralmente do cartesianismo ocidental.

The ontology of disease in traditional Chinese medicine diverges diametrically from Western Cartesianism.

Deep philosophical vocabulary 'ontologia', 'diverge diametralmente', 'cartesianismo'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

estudar medicina

faculdade de medicina

praticar a medicina

medicina preventiva

medicina alternativa

avanços da medicina

medicina legal

medicina do trabalho

história da medicina

medicina veterinária

عبارات رایج

fazer medicina

entrar em medicina

formar-se em medicina

o futuro da medicina

milagre da medicina

medicina baseada em evidências

conselho federal de medicina

estudante de medicina

doutor em medicina

medicina de ponta

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

medicina vs remédio

medicina vs medicamento

medicina vs médico

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"o melhor remédio (often confused with medicina in idioms)"

"rir é o melhor remédio"

"santo remédio"

"amargo como remédio"

"remédio para todos os males"

"não há remédio"

"cortar o mal pela raiz (medical origin)"

"dar uma injeção de ânimo"

"estar no soro"

"operar um milagre"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

medicina vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

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نحوه استفاده

note

While plural 'medicinas' exists, it is rarely used unless referring to different types or systems of medicine (e.g., as medicinas oriental e ocidental).

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'medicina' to mean medication/pills.
Saying 'ir à medicina' instead of 'ir ao médico'.
Capitalizing 'medicina' in the middle of a sentence.
Using masculine adjectives like 'medicina moderno'.
Saying 'avanços em medicina' instead of 'avanços na medicina'.

نکات

The Golden Rule

Never use 'medicina' for pills. Always use 'remédio'.

Feminine Agreement

Always pair it with feminine words: A medicina, uma medicina, medicina avançada.

Native Phrasing

Use 'fazer medicina' instead of 'estudar medicina' when talking casually about university.

Regional Accents

Be prepared to hear 'me-dji-ci-na' in Brazilian media and 'me-di-ci-na' in Portuguese media.

Capitalization

Keep it lowercase in essays unless it's a formal title like 'Conselho Federal de Medicina'.

Common Verbs

Memorize the trio: estudar medicina, praticar a medicina, avançar na medicina.

Vestibular

If you talk to a Brazilian teen, ask about the 'vestibular de medicina' to instantly connect over a shared cultural stress point.

Branches

Learn branches by adding adjectives: medicina esportiva, medicina preventiva, medicina nuclear.

In vs Of

Use 'na' for 'in medicine' (na medicina) and 'de' for 'of medicine' (curso de medicina).

Avoid Literal Translation

Don't translate 'laughter is the best medicine' literally with 'medicina'. It's 'rir é o melhor remédio'.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

MEDICINE is the CIENCE (ci-na) you study.

ریشه کلمه

Latin

بافت فرهنگی

Medical infrastructure is developing, and 'medicina tropical' is a highly relevant field of study.

The SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) guarantees free medical care to all citizens, making the practice of public medicine a major topic of national pride and debate.

The SNS (Serviço Nacional de Saúde) provides universal healthcare. Medical degrees in Portugal are integrated master's degrees taking 6 years.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Você acha que a medicina alternativa funciona?"

"Qual foi o maior avanço da medicina na sua opinião?"

"Você conhece alguém que estuda medicina?"

"Como a tecnologia vai mudar a medicina no futuro?"

"Por que é tão difícil entrar na faculdade de medicina?"

موضوعات نگارش

Escreva sobre um avanço da medicina que você acha fascinante.

Quais são os maiores desafios para a medicina no seu país?

Se você estudasse medicina, qual especialidade escolheria e por quê?

Descreva a diferença entre medicina tradicional e alternativa.

Como a medicina mudou a expectativa de vida humana?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No. This is the most common mistake English speakers make. You must say 'Eu tomo meu remédio' or 'Eu tomo meu medicamento'. 'Medicina' is only the science or the university degree.

Generally, no. It is written in lowercase just like other fields of study (matemática, história). You only capitalize it if it is the first word of a sentence or part of an official proper noun, like 'Faculdade de Medicina'.

It is a very common colloquial expression that means 'to study medicine' at a university. 'Fazer' (to do) is often used with university degrees in Portuguese.

You say 'medicina alternativa'. The adjective comes after the noun and must agree in gender (feminine).

'Medicina legal' translates to forensic medicine. It is the branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to legal problems and proceedings.

It is a feminine noun. You must use feminine articles (a, uma) and feminine adjectives (moderna, avançada) with it.

'Médico' (or 'médica') is the person, the doctor. 'Medicina' is the science they study and practice.

Yes, 'medicinas', but it is rare. It is only used when comparing different systems of medicine, such as 'as medicinas tradicionais de diferentes culturas'.

It depends on the context. 'Estudante de medicina' (student of medicine). 'Avanços na medicina' (advances in medicine). 'Artigo sobre medicina' (article about medicine).

In Portugal and parts of southern/northeastern Brazil, the 'di' is pronounced with a hard dental 'd'. In most of central/southeast Brazil (like Rio and São Paulo), the 'di' is pronounced as a 'dji' sound.

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