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C1 adjective #20,000 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

teratogênico

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها teratogênico در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح teratogênico in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'teratogênico' is a very difficult word. You don't need to use it yourself, but you might see it on medicine bottles. It means 'dangerous for the baby in the mother's belly.' In Portuguese, we say 'perigoso para o bebê.' If you see this long word on a box of pills, it is a warning. It tells pregnant women: 'Don't take this!' Think of it as a super-scientific way to say 'danger for pregnancy.' You can remember it by looking for the 'gênico' part, which looks like 'genes' or 'generation.' It's about how a new person is made. At this level, just know it is a medical word for 'stay away if you are having a baby.' You will mostly see it in pharmacies or hospitals. Even though it is a long word, it is important for safety. In simple Portuguese: 'Este remédio é ruim para o bebê.' The big word for that is 'teratogênico.' Always look for the '!' or 'X' symbol on medicine boxes, which often appears next to this word. It's not a word for friends; it's a word for doctors. If you learn it now, you will be very smart! But don't worry about the spelling yet; just recognize that 'terato' means something went wrong with the shape of the baby.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to see more formal words. 'Teratogênico' is an adjective. It describes things that cause 'malformações' (birth defects). You will hear this if you go to a 'farmácia' (pharmacy) in Brazil or Portugal. The pharmacist might say, 'Cuidado, este remédio é teratogênico.' This means it can hurt a developing baby. It is a formal word. You don't use it to describe a broken car or a bad food. You only use it for medicine, chemicals, or viruses. For example, 'O álcool é teratogênico.' (Alcohol is teratogenic). It is important to remember that it ends in 'o' for masculine things and 'a' for feminine things. So, 'uma substância teratogênica' but 'um remédio teratogênico.' At this level, you should try to recognize the word in texts about health. It is a 'C1' word, which means it is very advanced, but because it is used on medicine labels, even beginners should know what it means for safety. It comes from the Greek word for 'monster,' but today it is just a serious medical term. If you see it, it's a red flag for pregnant women. Use 'perigoso' in daily life, but understand 'teratogênico' when reading official documents.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that 'teratogênico' is the standard technical term for substances that cause congenital malformations. You will encounter it in news reports about health, such as those concerning the Zika virus or environmental pollution. It is an adjective that qualifies agents (like drugs, radiation, or viruses) that interfere with normal embryonic development. For example: 'A radiação tem um efeito teratogênico.' (Radiation has a teratogenic effect). You should be able to distinguish this from more general terms like 'tóxico' (toxic) or 'venenoso' (poisonous). While something toxic might make you sick, something teratogenic specifically affects the development of a fetus. In B1 discussions about health and the environment, using this word shows a higher level of vocabulary. You should also be careful with the plural forms: 'agentes teratogênicos' or 'substâncias teratogênicas.' It is also helpful to know the noun 'teratogênese,' which is the process of causing these defects. When you read a 'bula' (medication insert), look for this word in the 'Gravidez e Lactação' (Pregnancy and Lactation) section. It is a key word for understanding medical warnings in Portuguese-speaking countries.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'teratogênico' in formal contexts, such as academic writing, professional medical discussions, or detailed health debates. You should understand that it refers to the capacity of an exogenous agent to produce a permanent alteration in the structure or function of an organism exposed during embryonic or fetal life. This includes not only drugs like thalidomide or isotretinoin but also environmental factors like mercury or infectious agents like rubella. You should be able to explain the concept using related terms: 'anomalias congênitas' (congenital anomalies), 'período gestacional' (gestational period), and 'risco-benefício' (risk-benefit). For example: 'É fundamental avaliar o potencial teratogênico de novos compostos químicos antes de sua liberação no mercado.' (It is fundamental to evaluate the teratogenic potential of new chemical compounds before their release on the market). At this level, you should also be aware of the historical context, such as the 'tragédia da talidomida,' which is the most famous example of a teratogenic drug. Your pronunciation should be clear, placing the stress on the 'gêni' syllable. You should also be able to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as 'considerar algo como teratogênico' or 'devido ao seu caráter teratogênico.'

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At the C1 level, 'teratogênico' is a word you should use with precision and technical accuracy. You understand that teratogenicity is often dose-dependent and time-specific, occurring mostly during the period of organogenesis (typically the 3rd to 8th week of human gestation). You can use the word to discuss pharmacology, toxicology, and public health policy. You should be able to distinguish 'teratogênico' from 'mutagênico' (affecting DNA) and 'carcinogênico' (causing cancer), noting that while some substances may overlap, the mechanisms are distinct. In a professional or academic setting, you might say: 'A análise histopatológica revelou que o metabólito em questão possui propriedades teratogênicas significativas, interferindo na sinalização celular durante a crista neural.' (Histopathological analysis revealed that the metabolite in question has significant teratogenic properties, interfering with cell signaling during the neural crest). You should also be familiar with the 'princípios de Wilson' of teratology. Your use of the word should reflect an understanding of its serious implications in bioethics and regulatory law. You can also use it metaphorically in very high-level literature, though this is rare, to describe something that produces a 'monstrous' or deeply distorted result. Agreement and spelling (including the circumflex accent) must be perfect at this level.

At the C2 level, 'teratogênico' is part of your specialized lexicon for discussing the nuances of developmental biology and clinical toxicology. You have a deep understanding of the etymological roots and the historical evolution of the term from 'teratology' (the study of monsters) to a sophisticated branch of modern medicine. You can engage in complex debates about the 'teratogenic window' and how specific molecular pathways—such as the Sonic Hedgehog or Wnt signaling pathways—are disrupted by teratogenic agents. You use the term with academic rigor in research papers or high-level medical consultations. For instance, you might discuss the 'potencial teratogênico transgeracional' (transgenerational teratogenic potential) or the epigenetic influences that mimic teratogenic effects. You are also capable of discussing the socio-political ramifications of teratogenic exposure in marginalized populations, using the word to advocate for stricter environmental protections. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a conceptual tool for analyzing the intersection of biology, ethics, and law. You can effortlessly switch between the adjective 'teratogênico,' the noun 'teratogênese,' and the field of 'teratologia.' Your mastery includes knowing when the term is used in veterinary medicine versus human medicine and understanding the subtle differences in regulatory definitions across different international jurisdictions (e.g., ANVISA vs. EMA).

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

teratogênico در ۳۰ ثانیه

A technical adjective meaning 'causing birth defects' in a developing fetus.
Used primarily in medicine, pharmacy, and environmental science contexts.
Comes from the Greek 'teratos' (monster) and 'genesis' (origin).
Requires gender and number agreement in Portuguese (teratogênico/a/os/as).

The Portuguese word teratogênico is a specialized adjective primarily used in medical, biological, and pharmaceutical contexts. It describes a substance, organism, or physical agent capable of causing malformations or defects in a developing embryo or fetus. Derived from the Greek roots teratos (monster) and genesis (origin or creation), the word literally translates to 'monster-producing,' though in modern clinical language, it is used with strictly scientific neutrality to discuss congenital anomalies. This term is essential for healthcare professionals, researchers, and expecting parents who must navigate the safety profiles of medications and environmental exposures during pregnancy.

Clinical Significance: In clinical practice, identifying a substance as teratogênico is a critical safety measure. It dictates how drugs are classified by regulatory bodies like ANVISA in Brazil or the FDA in the United States. When a drug is labeled with teratogenic potential, it usually carries a 'Category X' or similar warning, indicating that the risks of use during pregnancy clearly outweigh any possible benefits.
Biological Mechanism: A teratogenic agent works by interfering with the normal development of cells and tissues. This interference often occurs during the first trimester, a period known as organogenesis, when the fetus's organs are forming. The damage can range from structural defects, such as a cleft palate, to functional impairments like cognitive delays or metabolic disorders.

"O uso de certos medicamentos durante o primeiro trimestre de gravidez pode ter um efeito teratogênico severo, resultando em malformações congênitas irreversíveis."

Example of medical warning regarding teratogenic effects.

Understanding the word requires a grasp of the 'all-or-nothing' principle in early pregnancy. Very early exposure to a teratogênico agent might result in the loss of the pregnancy before it is even detected, whereas exposure during the critical window of organ development leads to specific structural anomalies. The term is not just limited to drugs; it also applies to viruses like Rubella or Zika, which are known to have teratogenic effects on the developing nervous system of the fetus.

"Estudos toxicológicos confirmaram que o composto químico é altamente teratogênico em modelos animais."

In public health discussions, the word often appears when discussing environmental pollutants. For instance, high levels of mercury or lead in the water supply are frequently described as having teratogenic potential. This use emphasizes the long-term societal impact of pollution, as it affects the health of future generations. Consequently, 'teratogênico' is a word that bridges the gap between laboratory science and social policy, highlighting the need for strict environmental and pharmaceutical regulations to protect the most vulnerable stages of human life.

Common Contexts: You will encounter this word in 'bulas' (medication inserts), academic papers on embryology, news reports about disease outbreaks (like the Zika virus crisis in Brazil), and in genetic counseling sessions where doctors explain the risks of certain hereditary or environmental factors.

"A radiação ionizante é um agente físico com potencial teratogênico conhecido."

Using teratogênico correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective that must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. In Portuguese, adjectives usually follow the noun. Since it ends in '-o', its forms are teratogênico (masculine singular), teratogênica (feminine singular), teratogênicos (masculine plural), and teratogênicas (feminine plural). It is almost exclusively used in formal, academic, or medical sentences.

Modifying Substances: When describing a drug or chemical, it follows the noun: 'O álcool é um agente teratogênico' (Alcohol is a teratogenic agent). Note how it qualifies the noun 'agente'.
Describing Effects: It can also describe the nature of an effect: 'O efeito teratogênico da talidomida foi uma tragédia médica' (The teratogenic effect of thalidomide was a medical tragedy).

"Muitas plantas medicinais possuem compostos teratogênicos que são perigosos para gestantes."

Plural masculine usage modifying 'compostos'.

In complex sentences, teratogênico often appears in the predicate to provide information about a subject. For example: 'A exposição ao vírus foi considerada teratogênica pelos especialistas' (The exposure to the virus was considered teratogenic by the specialists). Here, the feminine form teratogênica is used to agree with 'exposição'. This flexibility allows the word to be used in various syntactical structures, provided the gender agreement is maintained.

"A bula do remédio alerta para o risco teratogênico em caso de gravidez."

Advanced learners should note that teratogênico is often paired with verbs like 'ser' (to be), 'tornar-se' (to become), or 'considerar' (to consider). In scientific literature, it is frequently found in the passive voice: 'O potencial teratogênico da nova droga foi exaustivamente testado' (The teratogenic potential of the new drug was exhaustively tested). This passive structure is common in formal reports and academic writing in Portuguese, emphasizing the action and the result rather than the researcher.

Scientific Comparisons: When comparing risks, you might say: 'Esta substância é menos teratogênica do que a anterior' (This substance is less teratogenic than the previous one). Use 'mais' (more) or 'menos' (less) to qualify the degree of risk.

"As autoridades de saúde monitoram agentes teratogênicos no meio ambiente."

While you won't hear teratogênico in a casual conversation at a 'churrasco' (barbecue), it is a staple in specific professional and educational environments in Brazil and other Portuguese-speaking countries. Its use is a marker of technical precision and authority. If you are in a hospital, a university, or watching a serious news broadcast about public health, you will likely encounter this word.

In the Pharmacy (Farmácia): Pharmacists use this word when counseling patients. If a woman is prescribed a medication for acne like Roacutan (Isotretinoin), the pharmacist will emphasize its potencial teratogênico. They will explain that it is absolutely contraindicated during pregnancy because it causes severe birth defects.
Medical Consultations (Consultas Médicas): Obstetricians and gynecologists use this term when discussing prenatal care. They might say, 'Precisamos evitar qualquer substância teratogênica nestas primeiras semanas' (We need to avoid any teratogenic substance in these first few weeks). It sounds more professional and precise than simply saying 'bad for the baby'.

"O médico explicou que o medicamento tem um risco teratogênico e não deve ser usado por gestantes."

Common scenario in a doctor's office.

In the news, specifically during health crises, teratogênico becomes part of the public lexicon. A prominent example in recent Brazilian history was the Zika virus epidemic. News anchors and health officials frequently used the term to describe how the virus, transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, had a ação teratogênica, leading to microcephaly in newborns. This brought a highly technical word into the living rooms of millions of Brazilians, highlighting its importance in understanding national health emergencies.

"A pesquisa foca na identificação de novos agentes teratogênicos na poluição urbana."

Academic settings are the most common place for this word. Biology, Medicine, and Pharmacy students learn about 'teratogênese' (the process) and 'teratogênicos' (the agents) in their first years. It is a fundamental concept in embryology and toxicology exams. In these contexts, the word is used with high frequency and is often paired with terms like 'período crítico' (critical period) or 'dose-dependente' (dose-dependent), referring to how the severity of the malformation depends on the amount of exposure.

Environmental Health: Environmentalists and researchers studying the impact of pesticides (agrotóxicos) in rural Brazil often use this word. They argue that certain chemicals used in large-scale farming have efeitos teratogênicos on local populations, leading to legal and social debates about chemical safety.

"O relatório da ONU mencionou o impacto teratogênico do mercúrio nos rios da Amazônia."

Because teratogênico is a technical term, several common mistakes occur, especially among learners or non-specialists. Understanding these nuances is key to using the word with the precision it demands in Portuguese.

Confusing with 'Mutagênico': This is the most frequent error. A mutagênico (mutagenic) agent causes changes in DNA, which might lead to cancer or be passed to offspring. A teratogênico agent causes defects in an embryo that is already developing. While some substances are both, they are distinct scientific concepts. Using 'teratogênico' when you mean 'mutagênico' can lead to serious misunderstandings in a scientific report.
Confusing with 'Carcinogênico': Similarly, carcinogênico (carcinogenic) refers to substances that cause cancer. While a teratogen affects the fetus in the womb, a carcinogen can affect anyone at any life stage. Don't use 'teratogênico' to describe a general poison or a cancer-causing agent.

Incorrect: "Este veneno de rato é teratogênico para adultos."
Correct: "Este veneno de rato é tóxico para adultos."

Adults cannot be 'teratogenized'; only embryos can.

Another mistake involves gender and number agreement. In English, 'teratogenic' is invariable. In Portuguese, it must match the noun. Many English speakers forget to change the ending to '-a' for feminine nouns like 'substância' or 'infecção'. Saying 'uma substância teratogênico' is a grammatical error that marks you as a beginner.

"Não diga que uma pessoa é 'teratogênica'. O termo refere-se apenas ao potencial de causar malformações de um agente externo."

Finally, some people use teratogênico when they simply mean 'dangerous' or 'bad'. For example, saying 'Este plano econômico é teratogênico' is a very rare and highly metaphorical use (suggesting it will create a 'monstrous' result). While technically possible in literature, it is almost never used this way in modern Portuguese. Stick to the biological meaning to avoid sounding confusing or overly dramatic.

Misspelling: Note the circumflex accent on the 'ê'. Without it, the pronunciation and spelling are incorrect. It is 'te-ra-to-GÊ-ni-co'. Leaving out the accent is a common written mistake even for native speakers who don't use the word often.

"Atenção à grafia: teratogênico (com acento) e não teratogenico."

While teratogênico is the precise scientific term, there are other words you might encounter depending on the context—whether you're in a lab, a clinic, or a casual conversation about health.

Malformativo: This adjective refers to something that causes 'malformações' (malformations). It is often used as a synonym for teratogênico but is slightly less technical. You might hear: 'agente malformativo'.
Embriotóxico: This term is more specific. While a teratogen causes defects in a living fetus, an embriotóxico (embryotoxic) agent is toxic to the embryo itself, often leading to its death (miscarriage) rather than just a malformation. In many pharmaceutical studies, these two risks are discussed together.
Congênito: This is an important distinction. Congênito (congenital) describes the condition itself (e.g., 'uma anomalia congênita'), whereas teratogênico describes the cause (e.g., 'um efeito teratogênico'). A defect is congenital; the drug that caused it is teratogenic.

"O médico diferenciou entre uma doença genética e um defeito teratogênico causado por fatores externos."

In more informal settings, people might use phrases like 'prejudicial ao feto' (harmful to the fetus) or 'causa defeitos de nascença' (causes birth defects). These are perfectly acceptable in daily life but lack the professional weight of teratogênico. If you are reading a medical journal in Portuguese, you will never see 'causador de defeitos' where 'teratogênico' could be used.

Comparison Table

Teratogênico: Focus on malformations (structural).
Mutagênico: Focus on DNA changes.
Carcinogênico: Focus on cancer development.
Embriotóxico: Focus on lethality to the embryo.

"A talidomida é o exemplo clássico de um agente teratogênico que mudou a legislação farmacêutica mundial."

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The root 'terato-' was originally used for anything biologically 'monstrous' or outside the norm, but today it is strictly clinical. It is also found in 'teratoma', a type of tumor that can contain hair or teeth!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˌtɛr.ə.təˈdʒɛn.ɪk/

US /ˌtɛr.ə.təˈdʒɛn.ɪk/

The primary stress in Portuguese is on the 'gê' (te-ra-to-GÊ-ni-co).

هم‌قافیه با

fotogênico psicogênico patogênico carcinogênico mutagênico alergênico antropogênico iastrogênico

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the 'g' as a hard 'g' (like 'game') instead of a soft 'j' sound (like 'gentle').
Missing the stress on the 'gê' syllable.
Treating it as a five-syllable word instead of six.
Applying English stress patterns to the Portuguese word.
Ignoring the circumflex accent, which makes the 'e' sound closed.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 8/5

A long, academic word with specific spelling (circumflex accent).

نوشتن 9/5

Requires correct gender/number agreement and accentuation.

صحبت کردن 8/5

Six syllables with a specific stress pattern can be tricky.

گوش دادن 7/5

Usually clear in context, but long.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

gravidez remédio bebê risco efeito

بعداً یاد بگیرید

mutagênico carcinogênico organogênese congênito toxicologia

پیشرفته

teratogênese embriofetotoxicidade genotoxicidade disrupção endócrina

گرامر لازم

Adjective Agreement

A substância (f) é teratogênica (f).

Placement of Adjectives

Um agente teratogênico (Usually after the noun).

Use of Circumflex Accent

The 'ê' in teratogênico indicates a closed vowel and stress.

Pluralization of -o ending adjectives

Teratogênico becomes teratogênicos.

Scientific Suffix -gênico

Used for things that 'generate' or 'cause' something (e.g., patogênico).

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Este remédio é teratogênico.

This medicine is teratogenic.

Simple subject + verb 'ser' + adjective.

O álcool é teratogênico para o bebê.

Alcohol is teratogenic for the baby.

The preposition 'para' indicates who is affected.

Cuidado! É um agente teratogênico.

Careful! It is a teratogenic agent.

Exclamatory sentence using 'agente' (agent).

A vitamina A em excesso é teratogênica.

Excess Vitamin A is teratogenic.

Feminine agreement: 'vitamina' (fem.) -> 'teratogênica'.

O vírus é teratogênico.

The virus is teratogenic.

Masculine agreement: 'vírus' (masc.) -> 'teratogênico'.

Não use produtos teratogênicos.

Do not use teratogenic products.

Imperative negative + plural agreement.

Ela estuda o efeito teratogênico.

She studies the teratogenic effect.

Direct object with 'o efeito'.

O fumo tem potencial teratogênico.

Smoking has teratogenic potential.

Verb 'ter' (to have) + noun phrase.

Alguns remédios são teratogênicos e perigosos.

Some medicines are teratogenic and dangerous.

Plural masculine agreement.

A radiação tem um forte potencial teratogênico.

Radiation has a strong teratogenic potential.

Use of the intensifier 'forte' (strong).

Muitas substâncias químicas são teratogênicas.

Many chemical substances are teratogenic.

Plural feminine agreement: 'substâncias'.

O médico falou sobre o risco teratogênico.

The doctor spoke about the teratogenic risk.

Prepositional phrase 'sobre o risco'.

A gestante evitou o produto teratogênico.

The pregnant woman avoided the teratogenic product.

Past tense 'evitou' (avoided).

O efeito teratogênico ocorre no início da gravidez.

The teratogenic effect occurs at the beginning of pregnancy.

Verb 'ocorrer' (to occur).

Existem vírus que são teratogênicos para humanos.

There are viruses that are teratogenic for humans.

Relative clause 'que são'.

A bula avisa se o remédio é teratogênico.

The insert warns if the medicine is teratogenic.

Conditional 'se' (if).

A exposição ao mercúrio pode ser teratogênica para o feto.

Exposure to mercury can be teratogenic for the fetus.

Modal verb 'pode ser' (can be).

Os cientistas testam o potencial teratogênico de novas drogas.

Scientists test the teratogenic potential of new drugs.

Present tense, technical context.

A talidomida causou um desastre teratogênico nos anos 60.

Thalidomide caused a teratogenic disaster in the 60s.

Historical reference, noun 'desastre'.

É necessário rotular substâncias com ação teratogênica.

It is necessary to label substances with teratogenic action.

Impersonal expression 'É necessário'.

O fumo durante a gestação tem efeitos teratogênicos claros.

Smoking during pregnancy has clear teratogenic effects.

Adjective 'claros' modifying 'efeitos'.

A pesquisa foca em agentes teratogênicos ambientais.

The research focuses on environmental teratogenic agents.

Compound noun phrase.

Alguns agrotóxicos possuem propriedades teratogênicas.

Some pesticides possess teratogenic properties.

Verb 'possuir' (to possess).

O risco teratogênico deve ser comunicado à paciente.

The teratogenic risk must be communicated to the patient.

Passive voice 'deve ser comunicado'.

O potencial teratogênico da isotretinoína é extremamente elevado.

The teratogenic potential of isotretinoin is extremely high.

Specific medical term 'isotretinoína'.

Estudos epidemiológicos associam o vírus ao efeito teratogênico.

Epidemiological studies associate the virus with the teratogenic effect.

Academic verb 'associar'.

A substância foi classificada como altamente teratogênica pela ANVISA.

The substance was classified as highly teratogenic by ANVISA.

Passive voice with agent of the passive.

O período de organogênese é o mais sensível a agentes teratogênicos.

The period of organogenesis is the most sensitive to teratogenic agents.

Technical term 'organogênese'.

Não há evidências de que este composto seja teratogênico em humanos.

There is no evidence that this compound is teratogenic in humans.

Subjunctive mood 'seja' after 'evidências de que'.

A teratologia estuda os mecanismos de ação teratogênica.

Teratology studies the mechanisms of teratogenic action.

Subject is a field of study.

O álcool atravessa a placenta e exerce seu papel teratogênico.

Alcohol crosses the placenta and exerts its teratogenic role.

Physiological description.

A legislação exige testes teratogênicos para novos cosméticos.

Legislation requires teratogenic tests for new cosmetics.

Verb 'exigir' (to require).

A disrupção das vias de sinalização celular pode ter um desfecho teratogênico.

The disruption of cell signaling pathways can have a teratogenic outcome.

High-level biological terminology.

O fármaco demonstrou toxicidade teratogênica em modelos murinos.

The drug demonstrated teratogenic toxicity in murine models.

Technical term 'modelos murinos' (mice).

A variabilidade genética influencia a suscetibilidade ao insulto teratogênico.

Genetic variability influences susceptibility to teratogenic insult.

Abstract noun 'insulto' used in a medical sense.

A bioética questiona a exposição deliberada a agentes teratogênicos em pesquisas.

Bioethics questions deliberate exposure to teratogenic agents in research.

Ethical/Legal context.

O mimetismo de desreguladores endócrinos pode induzir efeitos teratogênicos.

The mimicry of endocrine disruptors can induce teratogenic effects.

Specialized toxicology term 'desreguladores endócrinos'.

A análise retrospectiva confirmou a natureza teratogênica da contaminação.

Retrospective analysis confirmed the teratogenic nature of the contamination.

Formal analytical term 'análise retrospectiva'.

A farmacovigilância é essencial para detectar riscos teratogênicos raros.

Pharmacovigilance is essential to detect rare teratogenic risks.

Professional field 'farmacovigilância'.

O limiar de segurança para agentes teratogênicos é frequentemente difícil de definir.

The safety threshold for teratogenic agents is often difficult to define.

Technical concept 'limiar de segurança'.

A patogênese das malformações envolve uma complexa cascata teratogênica multifatorial.

The pathogenesis of malformations involves a complex multifactorial teratogenic cascade.

Highly dense academic syntax.

A epigenética pode modular a expressão fenotípica após um estímulo teratogênico.

Epigenetics can modulate phenotypic expression after a teratogenic stimulus.

Interdisciplinary scientific terminology.

O rigoroso escrutínio regulatório visa mitigar qualquer potencial teratogênico residual.

Rigorous regulatory scrutiny aims to mitigate any residual teratogenic potential.

Formal vocabulary like 'escrutínio' and 'mitigar'.

A teratogênese mediada por receptores específicos exemplifica a seletividade farmacológica.

Teratogenesis mediated by specific receptors exemplifies pharmacological selectivity.

Noun 'teratogênese' related to the adjective.

A interrupção da homeostase embrionária por agentes teratogênicos é tempo-dependente.

The interruption of embryonic homeostasis by teratogenic agents is time-dependent.

Abstract biological concept 'homeostase'.

Observou-se uma correlação estatística entre o efluente industrial e o efeito teratogênico.

A statistical correlation was observed between the industrial effluent and the teratogenic effect.

Statistical reporting style.

A vulnerabilidade intrínseca do genoma pode exacerbar a resposta teratogênica.

The intrinsic vulnerability of the genome can exacerbate the teratogenic response.

Advanced verb 'exacerbar'.

A literatura científica é prolixa quanto aos mecanismos de insulto teratogênico químico.

Scientific literature is verbose regarding the mechanisms of chemical teratogenic insult.

Sophisticated adjective 'prolixa'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

efeito teratogênico

agente teratogênico

potencial teratogênico

risco teratogênico

ação teratogênica

substância teratogênica

propriedades teratogênicas

insulto teratogênico

teste teratogênico

estudo teratogênico

عبارات رایج

contraindicado por ser teratogênico

— When a drug is forbidden because it causes defects. Used in medical labels.

Este remédio é contraindicado por ser teratogênico.

risco de efeito teratogênico

— The possibility of a birth defect occurring. Common in doctor-patient talk.

Há um risco de efeito teratogênico se você tomar isso.

agente teratogênico conhecido

— A substance that is proven to cause defects. Used in textbooks.

O álcool é um agente teratogênico conhecido.

potencial teratogênico em humanos

— The ability to cause defects specifically in people. Used in research.

O potencial teratogênico em humanos ainda é incerto.

evitar agentes teratogênicos

— Advice given to pregnant women to stay safe. Used in health campaigns.

É vital evitar agentes teratogênicos durante a gravidez.

causar dano teratogênico

— To result in a malformation. Used in legal or medical contexts.

A poluição pode causar dano teratogênico.

altamente teratogênico

— Very dangerous/likely to cause defects. Used for high-risk drugs.

O medicamento é considerado altamente teratogênico.

mecanismo teratogênico

— The scientific way the defect is caused. Used in biology.

O mecanismo teratogênico envolve a morte celular.

período de sensibilidade teratogênica

— The time when the fetus is most at risk. Used in embryology.

Estamos no período de sensibilidade teratogênica.

identificar substâncias teratogênicas

— The act of finding dangerous chemicals. Used in lab work.

O objetivo é identificar substâncias teratogênicas.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

teratogênico vs mutagênico

Causes DNA mutations, whereas teratogênico causes defects in a developing embryo.

teratogênico vs carcinogênico

Causes cancer, which can happen at any age, not just during gestation.

teratogênico vs congênito

Describes the condition (born with it), while teratogênico describes the cause (the agent).

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"efeito talidomida"

— A metaphorical way to describe a catastrophic, unintended medical side effect. While not an idiom using 'teratogênico', it is the historical event that defines the word.

Essa nova lei terá um efeito talidomida na economia.

Journalistic/Metaphorical

"geração teratogênica"

— Sometimes used in sociology to describe a generation affected by a massive environmental disaster.

Eles são a geração teratogênica do desastre químico.

Sociological

"fruto teratogênico"

— A rare literary way to describe a 'monstrous' or deeply flawed result of an action.

Aquele projeto foi um fruto teratogênico de uma mente doente.

Literary

"teratogênico social"

— Extremely rare metaphor for something that 'deforms' society.

A corrupção é um agente teratogênico social.

Political/Metaphorical

"monstruosidade congênita"

— An older, non-clinical term for teratogenic defects, now avoided but found in old books.

O livro antigo descrevia a doença como uma monstruosidade congênita.

Archaic

"veneno de berço"

— A colloquial (non-technical) way to say something that hurts a baby from the start.

O álcool é o veneno de berço para muitas crianças.

Informal

"marcado de nascença"

— To have a birthmark or defect. Related to the outcome of teratogens.

Ele ficou marcado de nascença pela medicação da mãe.

Informal

"mãe da deformidade"

— A poetic way to refer to a cause of defects.

A radiação é a mãe da deformidade naquela região.

Literary

"erro da natureza"

— A cruel, old-fashioned way to refer to birth defects.

Antigamente, chamavam essas malformações de erros da natureza.

Offensive/Archaic

"limpeza teratológica"

— A disturbing term sometimes used in dark sci-fi or history regarding eugenics.

O regime buscava uma limpeza teratológica.

Historical/Dark

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

teratogênico vs tóxico

Both mean 'harmful'.

Tóxico is general (makes you sick); teratogênico is specific to fetal development defects.

O veneno é tóxico, mas o remédio é teratogênico.

teratogênico vs patogênico

Both end in -gênico.

Patogênico means 'disease-causing' (like a bacteria); teratogênico means 'defect-causing' (in an embryo).

A bactéria é patogênica.

teratogênico vs alergênico

Rhyming endings.

Alergênico causes allergies; teratogênico causes birth defects.

O amendoim é alergênico.

teratogênico vs iastrogênico

Medical terms.

Iatrogênico refers to harm caused by medical treatment itself; teratogênico is specifically fetal harm.

Foi um erro iatrogênico.

teratogênico vs genético

Both relate to biology/birth.

Genético is inherited from parents; teratogênico is caused by an external agent during pregnancy.

A doença é genética, não teratogênica.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Medicine] é teratogênico.

Este remédio é teratogênico.

O [Thing] tem potencial teratogênico.

O álcool tem potencial teratogênico.

É perigoso porque é um agente teratogênico.

A exposição a [Substance] é considerada teratogênica.

A exposição a radiação é considerada teratogênica.

Devido ao seu caráter teratogênico, o fármaco foi banido.

O efeito teratogênico manifesta-se durante a [Stage].

O efeito teratogênico manifesta-se durante a organogênese.

A teratogenicidade é modulada por fatores epigenéticos.

Escrutinar o potencial teratogênico é imperativo.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

teratogênese (the process)

teratologia (the study)

teratologista (the specialist)

teratógeno (the substance itself)

فعل‌ها

não existe um verbo comum (no common verb exists, usually 'causar teratogênese')

صفت‌ها

teratogênico

teratológico (related to the study of defects)

مرتبط

embrião

feto

malformação

congênito

gestação

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Rare in daily life, very frequent in medical/scientific domains.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'teratogênico' for adults. → Tóxico / Nocivo.
Teratogenic effects only happen to embryos/fetuses. Adults can be poisoned, but not 'teratogenized'.
Escrevendo 'teratogenico' sem acento. → Teratogênico.
Portuguese requires the circumflex accent on the stressed 'e' in this word class.
Dizendo 'uma remédio teratogênica'. → Um remédio teratogênico.
'Remédio' is masculine, so the adjective must also be masculine.
Confusing it with 'cancerígeno'. → Teratogênico (for birth defects).
Cancerígeno causes cancer; teratogênico causes birth defects. They are not synonyms.
Using it as a noun. → Um agente teratogênico / Um teratógeno.
'Teratogênico' is an adjective. The substance itself is a 'teratógeno' or 'agente teratogênico'.

نکات

Gender Agreement

Remember that 'teratogênico' must match the noun. Use 'a substância teratogênica' and 'o vírus teratogênico'.

Use in Context

Only use this word in medical or scientific contexts. It sounds out of place in casual daily talk.

The Accent Matters

The circumflex accent on 'gênico' is required. It changes the sound of the 'e' and marks the stress.

Reading Labels

When reading Portuguese medication inserts (bulas), look for this word to ensure safety during pregnancy.

Related Terms

Learn 'teratogênese' (noun) and 'teratologia' (study) to complete your knowledge of the word family.

Greek Roots

Remembering 'teratos' means monster helps you recall that it's about physical malformations.

Stress the Penultimate

In Portuguese, words ending in '-ico' usually have the stress on the syllable before it (proparoxítona).

Not Mutagenic

Don't mix it up with 'mutagênico'. One is about birth defects, the other is about DNA changes.

Clinical Precision

Using 'teratogênico' instead of 'ruim para o bebê' makes you sound like a medical professional.

News Keywords

In Brazil, this word often appears in news about environmental disasters or viral outbreaks.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Terrible Genesis'. A 'terato' (terrible/monster) 'genesis' (beginning/birth). It's a terrible start for a baby.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a medicine bottle with a picture of a pregnant woman and a big red 'NO' sign. The word 'teratogênico' is written in bold across the label.

شبکه واژگان

Biologia Gravidez Remédio Malformação Toxicologia Bebê Bula Risco

چالش

Try to find three different medicine boxes (online or at home) and see if any of them mention 'teratogênico' or 'riscos para gestantes' in their Portuguese descriptions.

ریشه کلمه

The word originates from the Greek 'téras' (genitive 'tératos'), meaning 'monster' or 'marvel', combined with 'genikos', from 'genesis' (origin/birth).

معنای اصلی: Literally 'producing monsters'. In ancient times, birth defects were viewed with superstitious awe or fear.

Greek-derived scientific Latin, adopted into Portuguese.

بافت فرهنگی

Be extremely careful using this word. Never use it to describe a person's appearance. It is a description of a substance's effect, not a label for a human being.

In English, 'teratogenic' is used exactly the same way, but only by doctors. Most English speakers would just say 'causes birth defects'.

The Thalidomide Tragedy (Tragédia da Talidomida) - the most famous case study. Zika Virus Crisis in Brazil - the most recent public health reference. Roacutan (Isotretinoin) - the most commonly known teratogenic drug among young Brazilians.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Pharmaceutical Industry

Teste de teratogenicidade
Classificação de risco na gravidez
Bula do medicamento
Efeitos adversos fetais

Public Health

Surto de vírus teratogênico
Contaminação ambiental
Saúde da gestante
Prevenção de malformações

Biology Class

Desenvolvimento embrionário
Período crítico
Agentes teratogênicos biológicos
Mecanismos moleculares

Legal/Regulatory

Responsabilidade civil
Normas da ANVISA
Rotulagem obrigatória
Dano moral por malformação

Environmental Activism

Agrotóxicos teratogênicos
Poluição de rios
Impacto nas futuras gerações
Justiça ambiental

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Você sabia que o vírus Zika tem um efeito teratogênico?"

"Quais são os principais agentes teratogênicos que devemos evitar na gravidez?"

"Como a indústria farmacêutica testa se um novo remédio é teratogênico?"

"Você já leu uma bula que mencionava o risco teratogênico?"

"Qual a diferença entre algo tóxico e algo teratogênico?"

موضوعات نگارش

Escreva sobre a importância da regulamentação de substâncias teratogênicas para a saúde pública.

Como você explicaria o conceito de 'teratogênico' para alguém que não é da área médica?

Reflexão: Como a tragédia da talidomida mudou nossa percepção sobre segurança de medicamentos?

Descreva os desafios de monitorar agentes teratogênicos em países em desenvolvimento.

Imagine que você é um médico: como você comunicaria um risco teratogênico a uma paciente?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Um agente teratogênico é qualquer substância, organismo ou processo que pode causar malformações no feto durante a gravidez. Exemplos incluem álcool, certos remédios e vírus como o Zika.

Não. Mutagênico altera o DNA. Teratogênico interfere no desenvolvimento do bebê na barriga. Uma substância pode ser os dois, mas os conceitos são diferentes.

O risco é geralmente maior no primeiro trimestre da gravidez, durante a organogênese, quando os órgãos do bebê estão se formando.

Sim, em doses muito altas, a vitamina A (especialmente retinoides) tem um potencial teratogênico comprovado e deve ser evitada por gestantes.

Você deve sempre ler a bula (seção de Gravidez) e consultar um médico. Remédios teratogênicos têm avisos claros e classificações de risco.

Sim, o fumo contém diversas substâncias com efeitos teratogênicos que podem causar baixo peso ao nascer e malformações.

Vem do grego 'teratos' (monstro) e 'genesis' (origem). Significa 'aquilo que cria monstros', um termo antigo para malformações.

O termo aplica-se ao feto em desenvolvimento. No entanto, algumas substâncias podem afetar o esperma, mas isso é geralmente chamado de toxicidade reprodutiva ou mutagênese.

Sim, raios-X e outras formas de radiação ionizante são agentes físicos com potencial teratogênico conhecido.

Não há 'cura' no sentido de reverter a malformação após o nascimento, mas muitas condições podem ser tratadas com cirurgias ou terapias.

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