A1 adjective خنثی 2 دقیقه مطالعه

čist

/t͡ʃist/
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Overview

The Slovenian word 'čist' is an adjective that primarily translates to 'clean' in English, signifying freedom from dirt, marks, or stains. However, its semantic range extends beyond just physical cleanliness, encompassing various figurative meanings related to purity, clarity, and precision.

Core Meaning (Physical Cleanliness):

At its most basic, 'čist' describes something that is free from any impurities or foreign matter. Examples include:

  • 'Čiste roke' (clean hands)
  • 'Čisto perilo' (clean laundry)
  • 'Čista voda' (clean water)
  • 'Čist zrak' (clean air)

Figurative Meanings:

  1. 1Purity/Integrity: 'Čist' can refer to a state of being morally pure, uncorrupted, or free from guilt. For instance:
  • 'Čista vest' (clear conscience)
  • 'Čista duša' (pure soul)
  • 'Čiste misli' (pure thoughts)
  1. 1Clarity/Transparency: It can also describe something that is clear, transparent, or unadulterated. This applies to both visual and abstract concepts:
  • 'Čisto nebo' (clear sky)
  • 'Čista barva' (pure/unadulterated color)
  • 'Čista resnica' (the plain/unvarnished truth)
  • 'Čista logika' (clear logic)
  1. 1Precision/Accuracy: In certain contexts, 'čist' can imply precision, exactness, or perfection in execution:
  • 'Čista zmaga' (a clear/decisive victory)
  • 'Čist strel' (a clean shot – in sports, implying accuracy)
  • 'Čist udarec' (a clean hit)
  1. 1Complete/Absolute (as an intensifier): Sometimes, 'čist' is used adverbially or as an intensifier to mean 'completely,' 'absolutely,' or 'purely.'
  • 'To je čista neumnost' (That is pure nonsense).
  • 'On je čist nor' (He is absolutely crazy).

Grammatical Forms:

As an adjective, 'čist' declines according to gender, number, and case, like most Slovenian adjectives. The basic forms are:

  • Masculine singular: čist (nominative), čistega (genitive), čistemu (dative), čistega (accusative), čistem (locative), čistim (instrumental)
  • Feminine singular: čista (nominative), čiste (genitive), čisti (dative), čisto (accusative), čisti (locative), čisto (instrumental)
  • Neuter singular: čisto (nominative), čistega (genitive), čistemu (dative), čisto (accusative), čistem (locative), čistim (instrumental)
  • Plural forms also exist for all genders.

Common Phrases and Usage:

  • 'Na čisto' (to clear up, to settle)
  • 'Delati na čisto' (to work cleanly/precisely)
  • 'Imeti čiste račune' (to have a clear conscience, to have no outstanding debts)

Understanding the various nuances of 'čist' requires attention to context, as its meaning can shift from literal cleanliness to more abstract concepts of purity, clarity, and precision.

ترکیب‌های رایج

čista voda
čisto perilo
čisto okolje
čista vest
čist zrak
čista koža

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نکات کاربردی

'Čist' is an adjective in Slovenian, meaning 'clean,' 'pure,' or 'neat.' It is a versatile word with various applications. It inflects according to gender, number, and case, like most Slovenian adjectives. For example, 'čist avto' (clean car - masculine singular), 'čista hiša' (clean house - feminine singular), 'čisto perilo' (clean laundry - neuter singular), 'čisti čevlji' (clean shoes - masculine plural). When describing something free from dirt, it directly translates to 'clean.' It can also imply 'pure' when referring to substances, such as 'čista voda' (pure water) or 'čisto zlato' (pure gold). In a more abstract sense, it can mean 'clear' or 'unblemished,' as in 'čista vest' (clear conscience) or 'čista desetka' (a clean ten – meaning a perfect score). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is fundamental to describing states of cleanliness or purity.

نکات

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Use with Nouns:

'Čist' can be used with a variety of nouns to describe something that is free from dirt, marks, or stains. For example: 'čista voda' (clean water), 'čisto perilo' (clean laundry), 'čista soba' (clean room), 'čist zrak' (clean air), 'čista vest' (clear conscience - figurative).

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Adjective Agreement:

Like all Slovenian adjectives, 'čist' must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example: - Masculine singular: 'čist avto' (clean car) - Feminine singular: 'čista miza' (clean table) - Neuter singular: 'čisto okno' (clean window) - Plural (masculine): 'čisti čevlji' (clean shoes) - Plural (feminine): 'čiste roke' (clean hands) - Plural (neuter): 'čista oblačila' (clean clothes)

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Figurative Meanings:

Beyond its literal meaning, 'čist' can also be used figuratively to mean 'pure,' 'clear,' or 'honest.' For example: - 'čista resnica' (the pure truth) - 'čist um' (a clear mind) - 'čist račun' (a clear account - meaning no outstanding debts or issues). It can also imply 'complete' or 'absolute' in certain contexts, such as 'čista zmaga' (a complete victory).

بافت فرهنگی

In Slovenia, cleanliness ('čistost') holds significant cultural value, often associated with diligence, orderliness, and respect. The word 'čist' extends beyond mere physical cleanliness to encompass moral purity and clarity of thought. In traditional Slovenian households, maintaining a 'čist' home is a point of pride, reflecting on the family's character. Public spaces, too, are generally expected to be 'čisti,' contributing to a sense of communal well-being and civic responsibility. The concept of 'čist' can also be used metaphorically, for example, 'čista vest' (a clear conscience) or 'čista ljubezen' (pure love), highlighting its deep integration into the Slovenian psyche and ethical framework. This emphasis on cleanliness, both literal and figurative, is often instilled from a young age and is evident in various aspects of daily life, from personal grooming to the meticulous upkeep of gardens and public areas.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

The declensions for 'čist' vary depending on gender, number, and case. Here's a breakdown: **Masculine Singular:** * Nominative: čist * Genitive: čistega * Dative: čistemu * Accusative: čistega (animate), čist (inanimate) * Locative: čistem * Instrumental: čistim **Feminine Singular:** * Nominative: čista * Genitive: čiste * Dative: čisti * Accusative: čisto * Locative: čisti * Instrumental: čisto **Neuter Singular:** * Nominative: čisto * Genitive: čistega * Dative: čistemu * Accusative: čisto * Locative: čistem * Instrumental: čistim **Masculine Dual:** * Nominative: čista * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistima * Accusative: čista * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistima **Feminine Dual:** * Nominative: čisti * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistima * Accusative: čisti * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistima **Neuter Dual:** * Nominative: čisti * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistima * Accusative: čisti * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistima **Masculine Plural:** * Nominative: čisti * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistim * Accusative: čiste (animate), čiste (inanimate) * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistimi **Feminine Plural:** * Nominative: čiste * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistim * Accusative: čiste * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistimi **Neuter Plural:** * Nominative: čista * Genitive: čistih * Dative: čistim * Accusative: čista * Locative: čistih * Instrumental: čistimi

Certainly! Here are a few examples to illustrate the use of 'čist' in different contexts: * **Ta miza je čista.** (This table is clean.) - Feminine singular nominative. * **Imam čiste roke.** (I have clean hands.) - Feminine plural nominative. * **Pijem čisto vodo.** (I drink clean water.) - Feminine singular accusative. * **Otrok ima čisto srajco.** (The child has a clean shirt.) - Feminine singular accusative. * **Zrak je danes čist.** (The air is clean today.) - Masculine singular nominative. * **Potrebujemo čiste brisače.** (We need clean towels.) - Feminine plural accusative. * **On živi v čistem stanovanju.** (He lives in a clean apartment.) - Neuter singular locative. * **Po dolgem dežju je bilo nebo čisto.** (After the long rain, the sky was clear/clean.) - Neuter singular nominative.

When referring to something being free from dirt or stains, common synonyms for 'čist' in Slovenian include: * **Nesporen:** This emphasizes something being undeniable or pure in a moral sense, but can also imply 'clean' in a metaphorical way. * **Nekontaminiran:** Directly translates to 'uncontaminated' and is often used for liquids, food, or environments. * **Nedolžen:** While primarily meaning 'innocent,' it can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe something as pure or untainted. * **Brezmadežen:** This means 'spotless' or 'immaculate,' often used for something perfectly clean or pure. * **Svetel:** While meaning 'bright,' in certain contexts, it can imply cleanliness, especially for surfaces that reflect light well due to being clean. However, 'čist' remains the most direct and commonly used term for 'clean' in the sense of being free from dirt or impurities.

Yes, there are several idioms and phrases in Slovenian that use the word 'čist,' often extending its meaning beyond just physical cleanliness: * **Imeti čisto vest:** (To have a clear conscience) - This means to feel no guilt or regret about one's actions. * **Delati čisto na roko:** (To work cleanly by hand) - This phrase implies doing something meticulously and precisely, without cutting corners or cheating. * **Čista zmaga:** (A clean victory) - This refers to a decisive and undeniable victory, often one achieved fairly and without controversy. * **Na čisto:** (To clean up / To sort out / To settle accounts) - This idiom is used in various contexts. It can mean to tidy up a space, to resolve a problem or misunderstanding, or even to finalize a financial matter. * **Iz čista miru:** (Out of the blue / Out of nowhere) - This phrase describes something happening unexpectedly or without any prior warning or cause. * **Čist račun, dolga ljubezen:** (Clean accounts, long love) - This proverb suggests that good relationships (love) are maintained when financial matters or obligations are clear and settled. * **Priti na čisto z nekom:** (To get things straight with someone) - This means to clarify a misunderstanding or resolve an issue with another person.

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