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B1 verb #6,000 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

捍卫

hanwei رتبه 6,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 捍卫 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 捍卫 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '捍卫' (hànwèi) is a bit advanced, but you can think of it as a very 'strong' way to say 'protect.' Imagine you have a favorite toy and you don't want anyone to take it. You are 'protecting' it. In Chinese, for big things like our home or our country, we use '捍卫.' It is like saying 'I will not let anyone hurt this!' Even though you won't use this word every day in basic shopping or greetings, you might see it in simple stories about heroes or soldiers who '捍卫' their land. Just remember: it is a very serious word for protecting things that are very important.

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By the A2 level, you are starting to learn about more formal topics. '捍卫' is a verb that means 'to defend.' You will often see it in sentences about the law or rights. For example, '捍卫权利' (defend rights). At this stage, you should recognize that '捍卫' is more formal than '保护' (protect). If you are writing a simple essay about why people should follow rules, you might say we need to '捍卫' the rules to keep everyone safe. It usually follows a pattern: [Person] + 捍卫 + [Important Thing]. It's a 'brave' word used by people who are standing up for something.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '捍卫' in your own writing, especially when discussing social issues or history. It means 'to defend or protect strongly.' It is used for abstract things like 'honor' (荣誉), 'justice' (正义), and 'freedom' (自由). When you use '捍卫,' you are showing that you understand the formal register of Chinese. For example, in a debate about the environment, you could say we must '捍卫' our right to clean water. Notice that '捍卫' often implies that there is a conflict or someone is trying to take something away. It is an active, strong defense.

At the B2 level, '捍卫' becomes a key vocabulary item for discussing politics, law, and philosophy. You should understand its collocations, such as '捍卫主权' (defend sovereignty) and '捍卫尊严' (defend dignity). It is important to distinguish '捍卫' from '维护' (maintain/uphold). While '维护' is about keeping something in good condition or following a system, '捍卫' is specifically about protecting something from an attack or threat. You will encounter this word frequently in news broadcasts and editorials. Using it correctly shows that you can handle complex, formal Chinese discourse.

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For C1 learners, '捍卫' is a nuanced tool for precise expression. You should be aware of its historical and literary connotations. It often appears in the context of '捍卫真理' (defending the truth) in academic or philosophical discussions. At this level, you can use it to describe internal moral struggles—defending one's 'inner peace' or 'integrity' against a corrupting environment. You should also be comfortable using it in the passive voice or within complex grammatical structures. It is a word that conveys authority and conviction. When you use '捍卫' in a speech or an essay, it signals a high level of rhetorical sophistication.

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At the C2 level, you should have a native-like grasp of '捍卫.' This includes understanding its use in various registers, from the highly political to the deeply personal and poetic. You can appreciate how '捍卫' functions in classical-style modern prose and how it interacts with other formal vocabulary to create a specific tone of 'gravitas.' You should be able to analyze why an author chose '捍卫' over '保卫' or '维护' in a specific text. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a stylistic choice that reflects the speaker's stance on power, duty, and value.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

捍卫 در ۳۰ ثانیه

捍卫 (hànwèi) is a formal verb meaning 'to defend.'
It is used for important things like rights, honor, and territory.
It suggests a strong, resolute, and active protection against threats.
It is more formal and serious than the general word 保护 (bǎohù).

The Chinese verb 捍卫 (hànwèi) is a high-register, formal term that translates to 'to defend' or 'to protect strongly.' While common words like 保护 (bǎohù) can be used for everyday protection—like wearing a helmet to protect your head—捍卫 is reserved for situations involving significant weight, such as protecting national sovereignty, fundamental human rights, or deeply held personal principles. It carries a connotation of struggle, resolve, and a refusal to back down in the face of external pressure or threats.

Core Nuance: Unlike 'guarding' a physical object, 捍卫 implies defending the integrity or existence of something abstract yet vital. It suggests that the object of defense is under attack or being questioned.

我们必须用法律手段来捍卫自己的合法权益。 (We must use legal means to defend our legitimate rights and interests.)

The word is composed of two characters: 捍 (hàn), which historically meant to ward off or resist with a shield or arm guard, and 卫 (wèi), which means to guard or protect. Together, they form a powerful image of a warrior standing firm against an adversary. In modern usage, you will most frequently encounter this word in political speeches, legal documents, and serious news reporting. It is the verb of choice when a government speaks about its territory or when an activist speaks about freedom of speech.

Historically, the term has roots in military strategy. In ancient texts, it described the physical defense of city walls. Today, that physical wall has often been replaced by conceptual walls—boundaries of ethics, law, and identity. For example, a scholar might '捍卫真理' (defend the truth) against popular misconceptions. This transition from the physical to the ideological is a hallmark of how Chinese vocabulary evolves to handle abstract modern concepts.

Common Contexts: Territorial integrity, national honor, consumer rights, academic freedom, and religious beliefs.

他誓言要捍卫家族的荣誉。 (He swore to defend the honor of his family.)

In a social sense, 捍卫 is also used to describe the act of standing up for someone who cannot defend themselves. It implies a moral duty. When a community rallies to '捍卫弱势群体的利益' (defend the interests of vulnerable groups), it suggests a collective shield being formed. This word is not just about the 'what' but also about the 'why'—it implies that the thing being defended is of such high value that it warrants a significant, often difficult, effort.

Using 捍卫 correctly requires understanding its grammatical collocation—specifically, which nouns it typically 'defends.' It is almost always followed by an abstract noun representing something precious, legal, or ideological. You would rarely '捍卫' a physical book, but you would certainly '捍卫' the ideas written inside it.

Sentence Structure: Subject + (Adverbial) + 捍卫 + Object (Nouns like 权利, 主权, 尊严, 荣誉). Example: 战士们 (Subject) 坚决 (Adverbial) 捍卫 (Verb) 边疆 (Object).

每一个公民都应该捍卫宪法所赋予的权利。 (Every citizen should defend the rights granted by the constitution.)

When constructing sentences, adverbs like 坚决 (resolutely), 誓死 (at the cost of one's life), and 全力 (with all one's strength) are frequently paired with 捍卫 to emphasize the intensity of the action. This highlights the word's inherent drama. For instance, '誓死捍卫' is a common four-character expression used in historical movies or patriotic contexts to show extreme loyalty.

In business or professional contexts, 捍卫 might be used when discussing brand reputation or market share against aggressive competitors. '捍卫品牌形象' (defending the brand image) suggests that the brand is facing a crisis or a smear campaign and is taking active steps to restore its name. This demonstrates the word's versatility beyond just politics and war.

Formal vs. Informal: In a casual conversation, if you say you are '捍卫' your lunch, it sounds like a joke or hyperbole because the word is so serious. In formal writing, however, it is the standard term for protection of rights.

科学家们在会议上捍卫了自己的研究成果。 (The scientists defended their research results at the conference.)

Finally, consider the passive voice. While less common, one can say '...是值得捍卫的' (...is worth defending). For example, '和平是值得我们共同捍卫的' (Peace is something worth defending together). This shifts the focus from the defender to the value of the object being defended.

To hear 捍卫 in its natural habitat, you should look toward formal media and high-stakes discourse. It is a staple of the 'Xinwen Lianbo' (CCTV News), especially when the broadcast discusses international relations or national security. When a spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs speaks about '捍卫国家主权和领土完整' (defending national sovereignty and territorial integrity), they are using the word in its most standard, powerful form.

外交部发言人表示，中国将坚定不移地捍卫国家利益。 (The Foreign Ministry spokesperson stated that China will unswervingly defend national interests.)

In the legal world, you will hear it in courtrooms or read it in legal briefs. Lawyers will argue that they are '捍卫法律的尊严' (defending the dignity of the law) or '捍卫被告人的合法权利' (defending the legal rights of the defendant). Here, the word takes on a technical, procedural weight, signifying that the legal process itself is a form of defense.

Cultural Media: In historical dramas (古装剧), generals often shout about '捍卫疆土' (defending the borders). In modern sports commentary, a team might '捍卫主场荣誉' (defend the honor of their home court).

Academic and intellectual debates also frequently employ 捍卫. When a philosopher or scientist is challenged, they might spend their career '捍卫自己的理论' (defending their theory). This usage highlights the word's application to the world of ideas, where 'defense' means providing evidence and logical arguments to withstand criticism.

Social media also sees a specialized use of 捍卫. Fans of celebrities might talk about '捍卫偶像' (defending their idol) against rumors or scandals. While this is a more modern and slightly more informal application, it still retains the core meaning of protecting something the speaker deems highly valuable from perceived attacks.

在网络舆论中，粉丝们努力捍卫自己喜欢的明星。 (In online public opinion, fans work hard to defend the stars they like.)

Lastly, you will find it in literature and poetry. It is used to describe the internal struggle to '捍卫内心的一片净土' (defend a piece of pure land in one's heart), referring to maintaining one's integrity and innocence in a complicated world. This poetic usage adds a layer of emotional depth to an otherwise rigid, formal term.

The most frequent mistake learners make with 捍卫 is using it in contexts that are too trivial. Because the word carries such high emotional and formal weight, using it for small, physical objects can sound unintentionally funny or overly dramatic. For instance, saying 'I am 捍卫-ing my pen from being borrowed' is a mismatch of register.

Mistake 1: Low-Stakes Objects: Incorrect: 我捍卫我的雨伞。 (I defend my umbrella.)
Correct: 我拿着我的雨伞。 or 我保护我的雨伞不被打湿。

Avoid using 捍卫 for physical items unless they represent something greater (like a flag or a sacred relic).

Another common error is confusing 捍卫 with 维护 (wéihù). While both involve protection, 维护 is more about 'maintaining' or 'upholding' a status quo or a system. You '维护' a relationship or '维护' peace (meaning you keep it going), whereas you '捍卫' them when they are under active threat. 捍卫 implies a more aggressive, active stance than 维护.

Learners also sometimes forget that 捍卫 is a verb and try to use it as a noun. While Chinese words can often change parts of speech, 捍卫 is strictly a verb. If you need a noun for 'defense,' you should use 保卫 (bǎowèi) or 防御 (fángyù) depending on the context. For example, 'National Defense' is 国防 (guófáng), not '国家捍卫'.

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Protect' (保护): 保护 (bǎohù) is general (protecting the environment, protecting children). 捍卫 is specific to rights, honor, and territory. You wouldn't '捍卫' the environment unless you were talking about the legal right to a clean environment in a court case.

Remember: 捍卫 is about the 'fight' to keep something, not just the 'care' for something.

Finally, watch out for the object. 捍卫 should not be followed by a person directly (e.g., '捍卫我') unless it means defending that person's rights or honor. If you want to say 'protect me' in a physical sense, use 保护我. Using 捍卫 with a person as a direct object sounds like you are treating them as a political principle or a piece of territory.

To truly master 捍卫, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms. Each has a slightly different 'flavor' and set of typical objects. Understanding these nuances will prevent you from sounding repetitive or using the wrong register in your writing.

捍卫 vs. 保卫 (bǎowèi): 保卫 is primarily used for physical defense, especially in military contexts. You '保卫祖国' (defend the motherland) or '保卫城市' (defend the city). 捍卫 is more abstract and ideological. While you can '捍卫祖国,' it sounds more like you are defending the *idea* or *sovereignty* of the nation rather than just the physical land.

军队的任务是保卫边境，而外交官的任务是捍卫国家利益。 (The army's task is to guard the border, while the diplomat's task is to defend national interests.)

Another close relative is 维护 (wéihù). As mentioned before, 维护 is about 'maintenance.' It is often used with 'peace' (维护和平), 'stability' (维护稳定), or 'rights' (维护权益). 维护 is a calmer, more systematic word. 捍卫 is the word you use when the maintenance has failed and you are now in a struggle to keep what is yours.

捍卫 vs. 守护 (shǒuhù): 守护 has a much softer, more emotional tone. It means to 'watch over' or 'guard tenderly.' You '守护' a sleeping child or '守护' a secret. It implies affection and care. 捍卫 is much more 'spiky' and confrontational.

For more specific contexts, you might use 坚守 (jiānshǒu), which means to 'resolutely hold' a position or a principle. It focuses on the act of staying put and not retreating. Or 防御 (fángyù), which is the technical term for 'defense' in a military or sporting sense (the opposite of offense). Use 防御 when discussing tactics and 捍卫 when discussing the 'spirit' of the defense.

他坚守着自己的底线。 (He is resolutely holding his bottom line.)

In summary, choose 捍卫 when you want to emphasize a strong, formal, and often ideological defense against a perceived threat. It is the 'heavyweight' of the protection-related verbs in Chinese.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 卫 (wèi) in its traditional form (衛) is much more complex, showing a central 'well' or 'city' surrounded by 'feet' (行 and 韋). The simplified version 卫 retains only a small part of the original meaning but is much easier to write!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /hæn weɪ/ (Approximation)

US /hæn weɪ/ (Approximation)

Equal stress on both syllables in Chinese.

هم‌قافیه با

饭 (fàn) 看 (kàn) 战 (zhàn) 对 (duì) 费 (fèi) 位 (wèi) 内 (nèi) 退 (tuì)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'hàn' as 'hān' (flat tone).
Confusing 'wèi' with 'wéi' (rising tone).
Using a soft 'h' instead of a clear, aspirated 'h'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The word is common in news and formal texts, making it essential for intermediate readers.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires knowledge of specific abstract collocations to use naturally.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Used primarily in formal speeches or debates; rare in daily casual speech.

گوش دادن 3/5

Very common in news broadcasts; easy to recognize once learned.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

保护 (Protect) 权利 (Rights) 国家 (Country) 法律 (Law) 正义 (Justice)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

维护 (Maintain) 保障 (Guarantee) 侵犯 (Violate) 主权 (Sovereignty) 尊严 (Dignity)

پیشرفته

抵御 (Resist) 戍守 (Guard the border) 秉持 (Adhere to)

گرامر لازم

The '了' of completion with 捍卫

他成功地捍卫了自己的冠军头衔。

Adverbial modifiers with '地'

他坚定地捍卫着真理。

Passive construction with '被'

这些权利必须被坚定地捍卫。

Using '为了' to show purpose

为了捍卫正义，他付出了巨大的代价。

The '是...的' construction for emphasis

这正是我们需要捍卫的。

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

我们要捍卫家园。

We must defend our home.

Subject + 捍卫 + Object. '家园' is a common object for A1.

小兵在捍卫城堡。

The little soldier is defending the castle.

Present continuous action using '在' + 捍卫.

谁在捍卫正义？

Who is defending justice?

Question form using '谁' (who).

捍卫你的梦想。

Defend your dreams.

Imperative sentence. '梦想' is a common metaphorical object.

我们要捍卫和平。

We want to defend peace.

'我们要' (we want/must) + 捍卫.

他在捍卫他的国家。

He is defending his country.

Simple S-V-O structure.

不要放弃，要捍卫！

Don't give up, defend!

Two short clauses showing contrast.

捍卫我们的权利。

Defend our rights.

Simple phrase used as a slogan.

律师在捍卫那个人的权利。

The lawyer is defending that person's rights.

Using '捍卫' in a professional context.

我们必须捍卫法律。

We must defend the law.

Modal verb '必须' (must) + 捍卫.

他努力捍卫自己的荣誉。

He works hard to defend his honor.

Adverb '努力' (hard/with effort) modifying the verb.

警察的任务是捍卫安全。

The police's task is to defend safety.

'A 的任务是 B' structure.

战士们誓死捍卫边疆。

The soldiers swore to defend the borders at the cost of their lives.

'誓死' is a very common four-character adverbial for 捍卫.

你如何捍卫你的观点？

How do you defend your viewpoint?

Interrogative '如何' (how).

我们要捍卫消费者的利益。

We must defend the interests of consumers.

'A 的利益' is a common object.

他勇敢地捍卫了真理。

He bravely defended the truth.

'勇敢地' (bravely) + 捍卫 + '了' (completed action).

这篇文章是在捍卫言论自由。

This article is defending freedom of speech.

Using '是在...中' or just '在' for ongoing status.

只有团结起来，我们才能捍卫尊严。

Only by uniting can we defend our dignity.

Conditional '只有...才...' structure.

他用一生去捍卫这个科学理论。

He spent his whole life defending this scientific theory.

'用...去...' (use... to...) structure.

在法庭上，他坚决捍卫自己的无辜。

In court, he resolutely defended his innocence.

'坚决' (resolutely) is a high-frequency collocation.

我们不惜一切代价捍卫国家主权。

We will defend national sovereignty at all costs.

'不惜一切代价' (at all costs) + 捍卫.

捍卫传统文化是每个人的责任。

Defending traditional culture is everyone's responsibility.

The phrase '捍卫...' acts as the subject of the sentence.

他站出来捍卫那些弱势群体。

He stood up to defend those vulnerable groups.

'站出来' (stand up/step forward) + 捍卫.

我们需要更多的法律来捍卫环境。

We need more laws to defend the environment.

Using '捍卫' to suggest a legal/strong protection.

这部电影探讨了如何捍卫人类的道德底线。

This movie explores how to defend the moral bottom line of humanity.

'道德底线' (moral bottom line) is a sophisticated object.

在国际会议上，代表们捍卫了本国的经济利益。

At the international conference, delegates defended their countries' economic interests.

'本国' (one's own country) + '经济利益'.

他从未停止过捍卫学术自由的斗争。

He never stopped the struggle to defend academic freedom.

'捍卫...的斗争' (the struggle to defend...).

真正的勇气在于捍卫你所相信的事物。

True courage lies in defending what you believe in.

'在于' (lies in) + 捍卫...

政府采取了严厉措施来捍卫市场秩序。

The government took strict measures to defend market order.

'采取措施' (take measures) + '来' (in order to) + 捍卫.

面对批评，他依然坚定地捍卫自己的设计。

In the face of criticism, he still firmly defended his design.

'面对...' (facing...) + '依然' (still).

捍卫和平不仅仅是军人的职责。

Defending peace is not just the duty of soldiers.

'不仅仅是...的职责' (not just the duty of...).

这种制度的存在是为了捍卫公平竞争。

The existence of this system is to defend fair competition.

'是为了' (is for/in order to) + 捍卫.

在一个充满谎言的时代，捍卫真相需要极大的勇气。

In an age of lies, defending the truth requires great courage.

Complex sentence structure with an introductory prepositional phrase.

他撰写了大量文章，旨在捍卫这一历史定论。

He wrote numerous articles aimed at defending this historical conclusion.

'旨在' (aimed at) + 捍卫.

捍卫民族尊严是近代中国历史的主旋律。

Defending national dignity is the main theme of modern Chinese history.

'主旋律' (main theme) is a high-level academic term.

在激烈的辩论中，她以雄辩的口才捍卫了自己的立场。

In the fierce debate, she defended her position with eloquent oratory.

'以...的口才' (with eloquence) + 捍卫.

我们要捍卫每个人追求幸福的权利。

We must defend everyone's right to pursue happiness.

'追求幸福的权利' (right to pursue happiness) is a formal philosophical object.

他拒绝妥协，誓要捍卫艺术的纯粹性。

He refused to compromise, vowing to defend the purity of art.

'拒绝妥协' (refuse to compromise) + 捍卫.

该组织致力于捍卫全球范围内的劳工权益。

The organization is dedicated to defending labor rights on a global scale.

'致力于' (be dedicated to) + 捍卫.

捍卫良知，有时意味着要与主流观点对抗。

Defending one's conscience sometimes means opposing mainstream views.

'意味着' (means/implies) + 捍卫.

在存在主义的视野下，捍卫个体的独特性成为了核心命题。

From an existentialist perspective, defending individual uniqueness has become a core proposition.

Highly academic terminology: '视野' (perspective), '个体的独特性' (individual uniqueness), '核心命题' (core proposition).

他试图在作品中捍卫一种逐渐消亡的审美传统。

He attempts to defend a gradually vanishing aesthetic tradition in his works.

'逐渐消亡' (gradually vanishing) + '审美传统' (aesthetic tradition).

捍卫司法的独立性是法治社会不可或缺的基石。

Defending judicial independence is an indispensable cornerstone of a society ruled by law.

'不可或缺的基石' (indispensable cornerstone).

他那富有挑衅性的言论，实际上是在捍卫一种被边缘化的思想。

His provocative remarks were actually defending a marginalized ideology.

'富有挑衅性的' (provocative) + '被边缘化的' (marginalized).

捍卫人类文明的成果需要我们超越狭隘的民族主义。

Defending the achievements of human civilization requires us to transcend narrow nationalism.

'超越' (transcend) + '狭隘的民族主义' (narrow nationalism).

在资本的狂潮中，他依然努力捍卫着人文精神的最后阵地。

Amidst the frenzy of capital, he still strives to defend the last bastion of humanistic spirit.

Metaphorical use: '最后阵地' (last bastion/position).

这种辩护词不仅是在捍卫当事人，更是在捍卫程序的正义。

This defense statement is not only defending the client but also the justice of the procedure.

'不仅...更是...' structure.

他选择用沉默来捍卫自己最后的尊严。

He chose silence to defend his final dignity.

'用沉默来捍卫' (using silence to defend).

مترادف‌ها

维护保卫守护保护防御

متضادها

攻击放弃出卖

ترکیب‌های رایج

捍卫主权

捍卫权利

捍卫尊严

捍卫荣誉

捍卫真理

捍卫和平

捍卫利益

捍卫底线

捍卫信仰

捍卫疆土

عبارات رایج

捍卫者

— Defender. A person who defends a cause or principle.

他是人权的坚定捍卫者。

誓死捍卫

— To defend to the death. A very strong expression of loyalty.

战士们誓死捍卫领土。

坚决捍卫

— To resolutely defend. Used in formal statements.

我们将坚决捍卫我们的立场。

全力捍卫

— To defend with all one's might.

公司全力捍卫自己的知识产权。

捍卫正义

— To defend justice. A common moral goal.

法律的存在是为了捍卫正义。

捍卫民主

— To defend democracy. A political slogan.

人民投票是为了捍卫民主。

捍卫自由

— To defend freedom.

英雄们为了捍卫自由而战。

捍卫边疆

— To defend the borders.

边防战士在严寒中捍卫边疆。

捍卫名誉

— To defend one's reputation.

他起诉了对方以捍卫名誉。

捍卫成果

— To defend achievements or results.

我们要捍卫改革开放的成果。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

捍卫 vs 保护 (bǎohù)

保护 is general (protecting skin, environment, kids). 捍卫 is for high-stakes defense (rights, territory).

捍卫 vs 维护 (wéihù)

维护 is about maintaining a system or status (maintenance). 捍卫 is about active defense against a threat.

捍卫 vs 保卫 (bǎowèi)

保卫 is usually physical/military (defend a city). 捍卫 is usually ideological/abstract (defend a right).

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"寸土必争"

— To fight for every inch of land. Often used with 捍卫.

捍卫领土，我们要做到寸土必争。

Formal/Military

"义无反顾"

— To pursue a cause with no turning back. Used to describe the attitude of 捍卫.

他义无反顾地捍卫着真相。

Literary

"披荆斩棘"

— To hack through thorns and thistles (overcome difficulties).

为了捍卫真理，他披荆斩棘。

Literary

"坚定不移"

— Unswerving and firm. Frequently modifies 捍卫.

坚定不移地捍卫国家利益。

Formal

"公而忘私"

— To be so devoted to public service as to forget one's own interests.

他公而忘私地捍卫着集体的荣誉。

Formal

"视死如归"

— To look upon death as going home. Used for extreme cases of 捍卫.

战士们视死如归，捍卫阵地。

Literary

"光明磊落"

— Open and aboveboard. Describing the manner of defense.

他光明磊落地捍卫自己的观点。

Formal

"不屈不挠"

— Unyielding and persistent.

他不屈不挠地捍卫着弱势群体的权利。

Formal

"理直气壮"

— With justice on one's side, one speaks with confidence.

他理直气壮地捍卫自己的合法财产。

Common

"众志成城"

— Unity is strength (literally: people's wills form a city wall).

全国人民众志成城，捍卫国家安全。

Formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

捍卫 vs 守护 (shǒuhù)

Both mean to guard or protect.

守护 is gentle and emotional (guarding a baby). 捍卫 is strong and confrontational (defending a principle).

他守护着生病的妻子；他捍卫着家族的荣誉。

捍卫 vs 防御 (fángyù)

Both relate to defense.

防御 is a technical/military term for the act of blocking an attack. 捍卫 is the moral or resolute act of protecting something important.

这个城市的防御系统很强；我们要捍卫城市的自由。

捍卫 vs 保障 (bǎozhàng)

Both involve ensuring safety or rights.

保障 is more about 'guaranteeing' or 'ensuring' (providing a safety net). 捍卫 is about 'fighting to keep.'

政府保障基本生活；我们要捍卫我们的权利。

捍卫 vs 坚持 (jiānchí)

Both involve not giving up.

坚持 means to persist in an action or habit. 捍卫 means to protect something from outside attack.

他坚持每天跑步；他捍卫自己的梦想。

捍卫 vs 防守 (fángshǒu)

Both mean to defend.

防守 is used almost exclusively in sports or tactical military defense. 捍卫 is used for principles and broad concepts.

这支球队的防守很好；我们要捍卫体育精神。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

我们必须捍卫 [Abstract Noun]。

我们必须捍卫自由。

[Person] 努力捍卫 [Abstract Noun]。

他努力捍卫自己的名誉。

[Person] 采取行动来捍卫 [Noun Phrase]。

政府采取行动来捍卫市场秩序。

为了捍卫 [Noun Phrase]，[Person] [Action]。

为了捍卫正义，他辞去了工作。

[Action] 是为了捍卫 [Noun Phrase]。

法律的制定是为了捍卫公民的权利。

[Person] 誓死捍卫 [Noun Phrase]。

战士们誓死捍卫祖国的疆土。

在 [Context] 下，捍卫 [Noun Phrase] 显得尤为重要。

在当前的国际局势下，捍卫和平显得尤为重要。

[Person] 以 [Method] 捍卫了 [Noun Phrase]。

她以卓越的才华捍卫了女性的尊严。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

捍卫者 (hànwèizhě) - defender

فعل‌ها

捍卫 (hànwèi) - to defend

مرتبط

保卫 (bǎowèi)

防御 (fángyù)

守卫 (shǒuwèi)

维护 (wéihù)

保护 (bǎohù)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in news/law/politics; Low in casual chat.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 捍卫 for a pet. → 保护我的宠物。
捍卫 is too formal for a pet. It sounds like the pet is a political principle.
Saying '捍卫我' (Defend me). → 保护我。
You 捍卫 a right or honor, not a person directly, unless you mean defending their legal standing.
Confusing 捍卫 with 维护 in 'maintaining a car'. → 维护汽车。
捍卫 means to defend against attack. You don't 'defend' a car against wear and tear; you maintain it.
Using 捍卫 as a noun without '者'. → 他是一个捍卫者。
捍卫 is a verb. To make it a person (defender), you must add '者'.
Using 捍卫 for a small mistake. → 为错误辩护。
捍卫 is for big, noble things. For a small mistake, use 辩护 (defend/excuse).

نکات

Choose the Right Object

Always pair 捍卫 with something significant. Think: 'Is this worth fighting for?' If yes, use 捍卫. If it's just 'keeping it safe,' use 保护.

Increase Formality

In academic writing or formal speeches, replace 帮 (help) or 护 (protect) with 捍卫 to immediately elevate your register.

Learn the 'Defender'

Add '者' (zhě) to make '捍卫者' (hànwèizhě). This is a common way to describe activists or heroes.

Adverb Pairing

Use '坚决地' (resolutely) with 捍卫. It's the most natural adverb to show a firm stance.

News Awareness

When watching Chinese news, listen for '捍卫主权' (defending sovereignty). It's one of the most frequent phrases in international reporting.

The Shield Hand

Remember the 'hand' radical in 捍. Imagine your hand holding a shield to block an arrow. That is 捍卫.

Legal Use

In legal contexts, 捍卫 is used for rights (权利) and the dignity of the law (法律尊严).

Tone Precision

Both characters are 4th tone. Make them short and sharp to convey the strength of the word.

Avoid Overuse

Because it's a 'heavy' word, don't use it more than once or twice in a short essay, or it loses its impact.

Spotting Synonyms

When you see 捍卫, look for keywords like 领土 (territory) or 利益 (interest) nearby to confirm the context.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the 'hand' (扌) in 捍 (hàn). You are using your HAND to hold a SHIELD (干) to defend your home. The second part 卫 (wèi) looks like a person standing guard.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person standing in front of a door with their arms spread wide, blocking anyone from entering. That posture is 捍卫.

شبکه واژگان

主权 (Sovereignty) 权利 (Rights) 尊严 (Dignity) 荣誉 (Honor) 正义 (Justice) 领土 (Territory) 真相 (Truth) 和平 (Peace)

چالش

Try to write three things you would '捍卫' in your life. Use the structure: '我要捍卫我的...'

ریشه کلمه

The character 捍 (hàn) consists of the 'hand' radical (扌) and the phonetic 'gan' (干), which also means shield or weapon. Historically, it referred to arm guards or the act of warding off blows. 卫 (wèi) depicts feet walking around a square (a city or perimeter), signifying guarding or patrolling.

معنای اصلی: To physically ward off an attack and guard a perimeter.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

بافت فرهنگی

Note that 捍卫 is very formal; using it in casual or trivial settings can come across as sarcastic or overly aggressive.

English speakers might use 'defend' or 'uphold.' '捍卫' is closer to 'vanguard defense' or 'stoutly defend.'

'捍卫和平' (Defend Peace) is a common slogan in post-war Chinese monuments. The phrase '捍卫主权' appears in almost every white paper on Chinese national defense.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Political Speech

捍卫国家主权
捍卫领土完整
捍卫民族利益
捍卫和平

Legal Courtroom

捍卫法律尊严
捍卫当事人权益
捍卫司法公正
捍卫人权

Academic Debate

捍卫真理
捍卫学术自由
捍卫自己的观点
捍卫研究成果

Sports/Competition

捍卫主场荣誉
捍卫冠军头衔
捍卫团队名誉
捍卫领先地位

Personal Values

捍卫内心底线
捍卫个人尊严
捍卫信仰
捍卫梦想

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你认为什么是值得我们誓死捍卫的？ (What do you think is worth defending to the death?)"

"在法庭上，律师应该如何捍卫被告人的权利？ (In court, how should a lawyer defend the defendant's rights?)"

"你曾经为了捍卫自己的观点而和别人争论吗？ (Have you ever argued with others to defend your viewpoint?)"

"政府应该采取什么措施来捍卫消费者的利益？ (What measures should the government take to defend consumer interests?)"

"在全球化的今天，我们该如何捍卫传统文化？ (In today's globalized world, how should we defend traditional culture?)"

موضوعات نگارش

写一写你生活中最想捍卫的一样东西（比如一个梦想或一种原则）。 (Write about one thing in your life you most want to defend, such as a dream or a principle.)

讨论一下在现代社会中，捍卫隐私权面临哪些挑战。 (Discuss the challenges of defending the right to privacy in modern society.)

描述一次你站出来捍卫他人的经历。 (Describe an experience where you stood up to defend someone else.)

你如何看待‘捍卫和平’这一概念？ (How do you view the concept of 'defending peace'?)

如果有人质疑你的诚实，你会如何捍卫自己的名誉？ (If someone questioned your honesty, how would you defend your reputation?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Technically you could, but it would sound very strange or funny. 捍卫 is for 'big' things like rights, honor, or your country. For a phone, use 保护 (bǎohù).

Usually, yes. It implies that the thing being defended is valuable or right. You wouldn't normally say someone is '捍卫' a crime, though they might '捍卫' their right to a fair trial.

保卫 (bǎowèi) is more common for physical places like a country or a factory. 捍卫 (hànwèi) is more common for abstract things like sovereignty or justice.

No, it is primarily a verb. To say 'defender,' you add '者' (zhě) to make '捍卫者.'

You say '捍卫真理' (hànwèi zhēnlǐ). This is a very common and formal expression.

Yes, if you are talking about defending the company's reputation, market share, or intellectual property (IP). It shows you are serious about protecting these assets.

Not necessarily. It can involve legal battles, speeches, or protests. However, it does imply a 'fight' or 'struggle' of some kind.

No, it's not a word you use for daily chores. You hear it on the news or read it in serious books and articles.

The 'hand' radical (扌). This suggests that the action involves manual strength or the use of a tool/shield.

You say '捍卫家族荣誉' (hànwèi jiāzú róngyù).

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