B2 verb خنثی 3 دقیقه مطالعه

正视

zhèngshì t͡ʂɤŋ˥˩ ʂʐ̩˥˩
Practice it

Overview

The Chinese word '正视' (zhèngshì) is a verb that encapsulates the act of facing something directly, squarely, or seriously. It implies an attitude of honesty, realism, and a willingness to confront a situation or a problem without evasion or denial. It's more than just 'to look at'; it carries a strong connotation of acknowledging the truth or reality of a matter, even if it's unpleasant or difficult.

Breaking down the characters, '正' (zhèng) means 'correct,' 'upright,' or 'proper,' while '视' (shì) means 'to look' or 'to see.' Together, they form a compound word that literally means 'to look correctly' or 'to look properly.' This semantic combination highlights the importance of an unclouded and accurate perception when confronting something.

In practical usage, '正视' is frequently employed in contexts where there is a challenge, a mistake, a reality that needs to be accepted, or a responsibility that must be taken. For instance, one might '正视问题' (zhèngshì wèntí), meaning 'to face a problem squarely,' rather than avoiding it or pretending it doesn't exist. Similarly, a person might be encouraged to '正视自己的缺点' (zhèngshì zìjǐ de quēdiǎn), which translates to 'to seriously address one's own shortcomings' or 'to honestly confront one's flaws.'

The phrase often implies a call to action or a shift in perspective. It suggests moving beyond superficial observation to a deeper engagement with the subject matter. When a government or an organization is urged to '正视社会矛盾' (zhèngshì shèhuì máodùn), it means they should seriously acknowledge and address social conflicts, rather than dismissing them or trying to suppress them.

'正视' also carries a nuance of maturity and responsibility. It suggests an adult and rational approach to situations, contrasting with childlike avoidance or escapism. It is a word often used in formal or serious discussions, in news reports, speeches, and academic writings, reflecting its weighty meaning.

It's important to distinguish '正视' from simpler verbs like '看' (kàn), which just means 'to look,' or '观察' (guānchá), meaning 'to observe.' While these involve seeing, they don't necessarily imply the same level of serious engagement, acceptance, or confrontation that '正视' does. '正视' demands a mental and emotional commitment to acknowledge and deal with what is being seen.

In summary, '正视' is a powerful and nuanced verb in Chinese that conveys the act of facing something directly, seriously, and honestly, with an underlying implication of responsibility and a willingness to confront reality.

مثال‌ها

1

我们需要正视存在的问题。

Addressing challenges

We need to face squarely the problems that exist.

2

他没有勇气正视自己的缺点。

Personal reflection

He didn't have the courage to face his shortcomings squarely.

3

政府必须正视民生问题。

Governance

The government must treat the issues concerning people's livelihood seriously.

4

请你正视我的眼睛。

Direct interaction

Please look directly into my eyes.

5

我们应该正视历史，吸取教训。

Historical perspective

We should seriously confront history and learn from its lessons.

ترکیب‌های رایج

正视问题
正视现实
正视自己
正视困难

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

正视 vs 无视

“正视” means to face squarely or treat seriously, indicating acknowledgment and direct engagement with something. “无视” means to disregard or ignore, indicating a lack of attention or consideration for something.

正视 vs 重视

“正视” emphasizes looking directly at and acknowledging a situation or problem as it is. “重视” emphasizes attaching great importance to something or someone, often leading to careful consideration or high regard.

الگوهای دستوری

正视问题 (zhèngshì wèntí) - Face the problem squarely 正视现实 (zhèngshì xiànshí) - Face reality squarely 正视困难 (zhèngshì kùnnán) - Treat difficulties seriously

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

When using '正视', it implies an active and often serious intellectual or emotional engagement with the subject. It is usually followed by an object that represents a problem, a fact, a mistake, or a challenge. For example, '正视问题' (zhèngshì wèntí) means 'to face the problem squarely,' and '正视现实' (zhèngshì xiànshí) means 'to face reality.' It's less about a casual glance and more about a deep, unflinching acknowledgment. It can be used in both formal and informal settings, but its inherent seriousness lends itself well to more formal speeches, reports, or discussions about important matters. It can also be used in personal advice, encouraging someone to confront their own issues or feelings truthfully. Avoid using '正视' for trivial matters; its gravitas would make it sound out of place.

اشتباهات رایج

1. Confusing with '面对' (miànduì): While both '正视' and '面对' mean 'to face,' '正视' carries a stronger nuance of acknowledging, confronting, and dealing with something seriously, often a problem or a difficult truth. '面对' can be more general, simply meaning to be in front of something or to cope with a situation. * Example: * 我必须正视我的缺点。(Wǒ bìxū zhèngshì wǒ de quēdiǎn.) - I must face my shortcomings squarely (and seriously address them). * 我正在面对一个重要的决定。(Wǒ zhèngzài miànduì yīgè zhòngyào de juédìng.) - I am facing an important decision (simply indicating the situation). 2. Using it for physical 'looking directly': Although the literal meaning involves 'looking directly,' '正视' is almost exclusively used metaphorically for abstract concepts like problems, challenges, responsibilities, or truths. For physically looking directly at an object, you would use '直视' (zhíshì) or '直接看' (zhíjiē kàn). * Incorrect: 他正视着我。(Tā zhèngshì zhe wǒ.) - He faced me squarely. (This sounds a bit awkward; use '直视' or '看着' instead if it's purely physical looking). * Correct: 他直视着我的眼睛。(Tā zhíshì zhe wǒ de yǎnjīng.) - He looked directly into my eyes. 3. Not conveying the seriousness: '正视' implies a degree of seriousness and often a willingness to acknowledge or address something difficult. If you just mean to acknowledge something neutrally, '承认' (chéngrèn - to admit/acknowledge) or '认识到' (rènshídào - to realize) might be more appropriate. * Example: 我们必须正视我们面临的挑战。(Wǒmen bìxū zhèngshì wǒmen miànlín de tiǎozhàn.) - We must face the challenges we confront squarely (and take them seriously). 4. Overuse in casual conversation: '正视' is a more formal term. In everyday, casual conversations, simpler phrases might be preferred if the nuance of 'seriously confront' isn't needed.

Tips

💡

Usage Tip

'正视' (zhèngshì) implies facing a situation or problem directly and seriously, without avoiding or downplaying it. It often suggests an attitude of honesty and courage in acknowledging reality. For example, '我们需要正视这个问题' (We need to squarely face this problem).

💡

Common Pitfalls

Do not confuse '正视' with simply 'looking at' something. '正视' carries a stronger connotation of confronting or addressing something with gravity. It's not used for casual observation. For instance, you wouldn't say '我正视了一朵花' (I squarely looked at a flower); instead, you would use a verb like '看' (kàn) meaning 'to look'.

💡

Advanced Usage

In more advanced contexts, '正视' can be used to describe confronting one's own shortcomings or flaws. For example, '他终于正视了自己的错误' (He finally faced his own mistakes squarely). It can also be used in formal settings when discussing national policies or international relations, emphasizing a firm and realistic stance.

ریشه کلمه

The term '正视' (zhèngshì) is a compound word formed from two characters: '正' (zhèng) and '视' (shì). '正' (zhèng) has a wide range of meanings, but in this context, it primarily conveys notions of 'correct,' 'proper,' 'upright,' 'straight,' or 'right.' Its ancient form often depicted a foot over a square, symbolizing correct alignment or rectification. Over time, it evolved to encompass moral and ethical rectitude, as well as physical straightness. '视' (shì) means 'to look,' 'to see,' 'to inspect,' or 'to regard.' Its traditional form shows an eye above a small figure, suggesting observation. It implies an active and often deliberate act of looking, rather than just passive seeing. When combined, '正视' (zhèngshì) literally translates to 'correctly look' or 'look straight.' This combination creates the nuanced meaning of 'to face squarely,' 'to treat seriously,' or 'to look directly at.' The '正' emphasizes the proper, honest, and direct manner in which one should confront something, avoiding evasiveness or distortion. The '视' denotes the act of looking and acknowledging. Therefore, '正视' implies an act of confronting reality or a situation with honesty, seriousness, and a direct gaze, without prejudice or avoidance. It suggests an earnest and responsible approach to observation and understanding.

بافت فرهنگی

The phrase '正视' (zhèngshì) in Chinese carries significant cultural weight, often appearing in contexts demanding honesty, courage, and a willingness to confront reality, especially when that reality is difficult or unpleasant. It embodies a philosophical approach that values direct engagement over evasion. In traditional Chinese thought, facing problems squarely is often seen as a sign of maturity and strength, aligning with concepts of self-cultivation and harmonious societal relations. It's frequently used in political discourse, social commentary, and personal development, urging individuals or institutions to acknowledge shortcomings, address injustices, or confront challenges without pretense. The implication is that only by '正视' a situation can true progress or resolution be achieved, reflecting a deep-seated cultural preference for sincerity and realism.

راهنمای حفظ

The character '正' (zhèng) means 'straight' or 'correct,' and '视' (shì) means 'to look.' So, '正视' literally means 'to look straight at' or 'to look correctly at,' which conveys the idea of facing something squarely or treating it seriously. Imagine standing directly in front of a mirror, looking straight at your reflection – that's 正视. Another way to remember is to think of someone who is 'upright' (正) and 'observant' (视), and therefore they face things directly and seriously.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

'正视' (zhèngshì) is a Chinese word that translates to 'face squarely,' 'treat seriously,' or 'to look directly at.' It implies an attitude of confronting a situation, problem, or reality without evasion, denial, or distortion. It suggests acknowledging something directly and with an honest and earnest mindset, rather than avoiding it or approaching it superficially. It often carries a connotation of courage and responsibility in acknowledging truths, even uncomfortable ones.

'正视' is commonly used as a verb. For example, you might say "我们应该正视自己的缺点" (Wǒmen yīnggāi zhèngshì zìjǐ de quēdiǎn), which means "We should face our own shortcomings squarely." Another example could be "政府需要正视社会问题" (Zhèngfǔ xūyào zhèngshì shèhuì wèntí), meaning "The government needs to seriously address social problems." It's often used when discussing confronting difficulties, mistakes, or important realities.

Culturally, '正视' reflects a value placed on honesty, introspection, and taking responsibility. In Chinese thought, particularly influenced by Confucianism, there's an emphasis on self-cultivation and facing one's own character and actions. '正视' encourages a proactive and forthright approach to challenges, rather than a passive or evasive one. It implies a sense of integrity and a commitment to understanding and addressing issues directly, which is seen as a sign of maturity and strength.

Antonyms for '正视' would include words that imply avoiding, ignoring, or denying. For example, '逃避' (táobì - to escape, to evade), '忽视' (hūshì - to neglect, to ignore), or '掩盖' (yǎngài - to cover up, to conceal). Related terms that convey similar but slightly different meanings could be '面对' (miànduì - to face, to confront), which is a more general term for facing something, or '重视' (zhòngshì - to attach importance to, to take seriously), which focuses more on the degree of seriousness rather than the directness of confrontation.

خودت رو بسنج

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我们必须______我们工作中存在的问题。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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只有______现实，才能找到解决问题的方法。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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他勇敢地______了自己的缺点。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

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