A2 noun خنثی #1,600 رایج‌ترین 2 دقیقه مطالعه

集团

jituan tɕi²¹⁻²¹tʂuan⁵¹
Practice it

Overview

The Chinese word '集团' (jítuán) is a versatile term that translates to 'group,' 'conglomerate,' or 'corporation' in English, depending on the context. It generally refers to a large organization or association of multiple entities operating under a common ownership or control. Understanding its nuances requires a look at its etymology, common usage, and the implications it carries in various business and social settings.

Etymologically, '集团' is composed of two characters: '集' (jí), meaning to gather, collect, or assemble, and '团' (tuán), meaning a mass, group, or ball. Together, they convey the idea of a collection of units forming a cohesive whole. This foundational meaning is crucial to grasping its application.

In a business context, '集团' most frequently denotes a large business group or conglomerate. This can encompass a parent company and its numerous subsidiaries, often spanning diverse industries. For example, a '汽车集团' (qìchē jítuán) would be an automotive group, potentially including car manufacturers, parts suppliers, and even financial services related to car sales. Similarly, a '金融集团' (jīnróng jítuán) refers to a financial conglomerate, with interests in banking, insurance, and investment. The term implies a significant scale of operations, complex organizational structure, and substantial market influence. These groups are often publicly traded and play a major role in national and international economies.

Beyond just business, '集团' can also be used in broader organizational contexts. For instance, a '犯罪集团' (fànzuì jítuán) refers to a criminal group or syndicate, emphasizing the organized nature of their illicit activities. While less common, it can also be used to describe political or social groups, though '团体' (tuántǐ) is more frequently used for less formal or smaller associations. The key differentiator is the sense of a structured, often hierarchical, aggregation of entities or individuals.

In summary, '集团' signifies a large, organized collective. Its meaning is primarily shaped by the context in which it's used. When encountering '集团,' consider the surrounding words to determine whether it refers to a business conglomerate, a specific type of organizational group, or a more general collection of entities. The presence of '集团' often signals a significant scale and a degree of power or influence associated with the collective being described.

مثال‌ها

1

跨国集团

Business

multinational conglomerate

2

集团公司

Business

group corporation

3

犯罪集团

Crime

criminal gang

4

集团军

Military

group army

5

生活在集体，为了集团。

General

Live in a collective, for the group.

ترکیب‌های رایج

跨国集团
大型集团
集团公司
集团总部

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

集团 vs 团体 (tuán tǐ)

'团体' refers to a group or organization, often smaller in scale and more focused on shared interests or activities. '集团' (jítuán) implies a larger, more structured entity, typically a conglomerate or corporation with significant business or political influence.

集团 vs 公司 (gōng sī)

'公司' refers specifically to a company or firm. '集团' (jítuán) is a broader term that can encompass multiple companies or divisions under a single, larger corporate umbrella, often a conglomerate.

集团 vs 组织 (zǔ zhī)

'组织' refers to an organization, which can be formal or informal, and may not necessarily have commercial objectives. '集团' (jítuán) usually refers to a large-scale, often multi-faceted, entity with significant power or influence, typically in business or politics.

الگوهای دستوری

某某集团 (mǒu mǒu jí tuán) - [Name] Group/Conglomerate (e.g., 百度集团 - Baidu Group) 集团公司 (jí tuán gōng sī) - Group company (referring to a company that is part of a larger group) 跨国集团 (kuà guó jí tuán) - Multinational conglomerate/group

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

When using '集团' (jítuán), it's important to understand its broad application. It can be translated as 'group,' 'conglomerate,' or 'corporation,' depending on the specific context. For instance, '企业集团' (qǐyè jítuán) specifically refers to an 'enterprise group' or 'business conglomerate.' While it can be used for any large organization, it often implies a multi-faceted entity with diverse business interests, perhaps even across different industries. It's less commonly used for a single, focused company, even a large one, unless that company itself acts as the parent of several subsidiaries. For example, you would say '美的集团' (Midea Group), referring to the entire Midea conglomerate, rather than just a single Midea factory. When speaking about a general 'group' of people or things that isn't a business entity, other words like '组' (zǔ) or '群' (qún) would be more appropriate.

اشتباهات رایج

1. Confusing with '公司' (gōngsī): While both refer to companies, '公司' is a general term for 'company' or 'firm', whereas '集团' specifically denotes a larger 'group', 'conglomerate', or 'corporation' often comprising multiple companies. Think of '集团' as a parent company or a holding group. 2. Mispronunciation: Ensure correct tones for 'jí' (second tone) and 'tuán' (second tone). 3. Overusing '集团' for small businesses: It's typically reserved for larger, more established organizations. 4. Incorrectly translating 'group' in all contexts: '集团' specifically refers to a corporate or organizational group. For a social group, '团体' (tuántǐ) or '群体' (qúntǐ) might be more appropriate. 5. Neglecting the connotation of power/influence: '集团' often carries a sense of significant economic or organizational power.

Tips

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Usage Context: Formal Organizations

'集团' (jí tuán) is typically used for large-scale, formal organizations such as corporations, conglomerates, or business groups. It emphasizes a collective entity with a unified purpose or ownership structure. For example, '跨国集团' (kuà guó jí tuán) means 'multinational corporation,' and '企业集团' (qǐ yè jí tuán) means 'enterprise group.' It is less commonly used for informal groups of people or small-scale associations.

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Distinguishing from '团队' (tuán duì) and '群体' (qún tǐ)

While '集团' (jí tuán) can translate to 'group,' it's crucial to differentiate it from '团队' (tuán duì), which usually refers to a 'team' working collaboratively on a specific task or project (e.g., '项目团队' - project team), and '群体' (qún tǐ), which is a more general term for 'group' or 'crowd' of people (e.g., '人群' - crowd of people). '集团' implies a more established, structured, and often larger entity with a strong organizational identity.

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Common Collocations and Phrases

Familiarize yourself with common collocations to use '集团' effectively. Examples include: - '集团公司' (jí tuán gōng sī): Group company/holding company - '财团' (cái tuán): Financial group/consortium (often used interchangeably with '集团' in financial contexts) - '犯罪集团' (fàn zuì jí tuán): Criminal gang/syndicate - '国际集团' (guó jì jí tuán): International group - '成立集团' (chéng lì jí tuán): To establish a group/corporation

ریشه کلمه

The Chinese word '集团' (jítuán) is a compound word formed from '集' (jí) meaning 'to gather, to collect, to assemble' and '团' (tuán) meaning 'group, mass, circle'. The character '集' (jí) has a rich history, with its origins tracing back to ancient oracle bone and bronze inscriptions. In its early forms, it often depicted a bird (specifically, a fowl with short wings like a chicken or pheasant) gathered on a tree or perching together, conveying the idea of collection or congregation. Over time, its meaning expanded to encompass the general concept of bringing things together, collecting, or assembling. It can be found in various compounds related to gathering, such as '集合' (jíhé, to assemble), '收集' (shōují, to collect), and '集市' (jíshì, market, a place where people gather). The character '团' (tuán) also has ancient roots. Its original form in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions often depicted a round object, possibly representing a ball of yarn, a lump of clay, or a ball of dough. This visual representation naturally led to the meaning of 'round', 'lump', or 'ball'. From this, it evolved to mean 'group', 'mass', or 'circle', implying a collection of individuals or things forming a cohesive unit. Examples of its use include '团体' (tuántǐ, organization, group), '团队' (tuánduì, team), and '团圆' (tuányuán, reunion, to reunite as a family). When '集' and '团' are combined to form '集团', the compound word literally translates to 'gathered group' or 'assembled mass'. This combination effectively conveys the modern meaning of a large organization, a corporate group, or a conglomerate, where multiple entities or divisions are brought together under a single overarching structure. The term signifies a collection of businesses or individuals united for a common purpose, often with a hierarchical structure and significant economic power. Historically, the concept of large corporate entities or conglomerates as we understand them today is a more modern development, emerging significantly during the industrial revolution and accelerating in the 20th century. While the individual characters '集' and '团' are ancient, their specific combination to denote a 'group of companies' or 'conglomerate' would have gained prominence as such organizational structures became more common in Chinese society and economy. In contemporary usage, '集团' is a standard term to refer to: * Conglomerate: A large corporation formed by merging separate and diverse firms. * Group of companies: A collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity. * Syndicate: A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote some common interest. The etymology thus reflects a logical progression from the individual meanings of 'gathering' and 'group' to the comprehensive concept of a large, integrated organizational entity.

بافت فرهنگی

The word '集团' (jítuán) in Chinese carries significant cultural weight, reflecting a business landscape often dominated by large, interconnected entities. In China, '集团' can refer to everything from a state-owned enterprise conglomerate to a privately held family business empire. There's a common understanding that such '集团' wield substantial economic and social influence. Historically, the concept of large, interwoven business groups has roots in traditional Chinese family clans and guilds, where collective strength and mutual support were paramount. In modern China, '集团' often symbolize national economic power and ambition, with many becoming global players. This term can also subtly imply a degree of top-down control and centralized decision-making, characteristic of many large Chinese organizations.

راهنمای حفظ

The character '集' (jí) depicts a bird (隹) on a tree (木), suggesting 'gathering' or 'collecting'. The character '团' (tuán) represents a 'group' or 'mass' with a boundary (口) around something (才), implying unity. Together, '集团' (jítuán) suggests a collection of entities forming a unified group or corporation.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

'集团' (jítuán) in Chinese generally refers to a 'group,' 'conglomerate,' or 'corporation.' It's often used to describe a large-scale business organization that encompasses multiple subsidiary companies, operating under a unified management or ownership structure. These groups can be incredibly diverse in their operations, spanning various industries from manufacturing to finance, technology, and beyond. The term implies a significant scale and often a complex organizational structure, indicating a powerful economic entity.

In a business context, '集团' is frequently used to denote a large enterprise or a holding company that controls a number of smaller companies. For instance, you might hear of a 'financial group' (金融集团, jīnróng jítuán), an 'industrial group' (工业集团, gōngyè jítuán), or a 'technology conglomerate' (科技集团, kējì jítuán). It emphasizes the integrated nature and collective strength of these diverse entities working towards common business goals. The term conveys a sense of scale, influence, and often, market dominance.

Certainly. A prominent example of a '集团' would be Tencent Holdings (腾讯集团, Téngxùn Jítuán) or Alibaba Group (阿里巴巴集团, Ālǐbābā Jítuán). These are massive technology conglomerates in China that own and operate numerous businesses across various sectors, including e-commerce, social media, fintech, cloud computing, and entertainment. Their operations are vast and interconnected, perfectly illustrating the concept of a '集团' as a powerful, multi-faceted corporation.

The key difference lies in scale and structure. A 'company' (公司, gōngsī) can be any business entity, large or small. A '集团' (jítuán), however, specifically refers to a large-scale organization comprising multiple companies, often with diverse business interests, all under a single overarching management or ownership. So, while all '集团' are essentially collections of 'companies,' not all 'companies' are large enough or structured in a way to be considered a '集团.' A '集团' implies a more complex and expansive corporate structure than a single 'company.'

خودت رو بسنج

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这家跨国______在全球拥有多家子公司。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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他现在是这家大型商业______的首席执行官。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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犯罪______的活动最终被警方瓦解。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

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