法规 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 法规 (fǎguī) refers to formal laws and regulations issued by authorities.
- It is more formal than '规则' (rules) and often implies government enforcement.
- Commonly used in phrases like '法律法规' (laws and regulations).
- Key verbs include '遵守' (obey), '违反' (violate), and '制定' (formulate).
The term 法规 (fǎguī) is a formal Chinese noun that refers to the collective body of laws, administrative regulations, and statutory rules established by a governing authority. In the Chinese legal hierarchy, it specifically denotes administrative regulations (行政法规) and local regulations (地方性法规), distinguishing them from the broader 'Law' (法律) passed by the National People's Congress. Understanding this word requires a grasp of how societies organize behavior through formal, written mandates that carry the weight of state enforcement.
- Legal Hierarchy
- In China, '法规' sits below the Constitution and national laws but above local rules and departmental procedures.
- Scope of Application
- It covers everything from environmental protection and financial markets to traffic safety and public health protocols.
- Formal Tone
- This is not a word used for household rules; it implies a professional, legal, or governmental context.
"企业必须严格遵守国家的环境保护法规，否则将面临巨额罚款。" (Enterprises must strictly abide by national environmental protection regulations, or they will face huge fines.)
When we break down the characters, 法 (fǎ) means law or method, and 规 (guī) means rule, compass, or regulation. Together, they form a concept that is both a standard for measurement and a force of constraint. Unlike '规则' (guīzé), which can apply to a board game or a classroom, '法规' carries the gravity of the state's judicial and administrative power. It is the framework that allows a complex society to function predictably.
"新的交通法规将于下个月正式实施。" (The new traffic regulations will be officially implemented next month.)
The evolution of '法规' in modern Chinese reflects the country's transition toward a more structured legal system. In historical contexts, '法' was often associated with punishment, but in the modern sense of '法规', it encompasses rights, obligations, and the procedural steps necessary for governance. It is a neutral term, though often associated with the 'burden' of compliance in business contexts. For a B1 learner, mastering this word signals a transition from daily conversational Chinese to professional or academic literacy.
- Administrative Regulations
- Regulations issued by the State Council to implement national laws.
- Local Regulations
- Rules set by provincial or municipal people's congresses to address regional needs.
"我们需要咨询律师，以确保我们的合同符合相关法律法规。" (We need to consult a lawyer to ensure our contract complies with relevant laws and regulations.)
Using 法规 (fǎguī) correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a formal noun and the specific verbs it typically pairs with. In professional Chinese, '法规' is rarely used alone in a sentence; it is almost always the object of a verb related to compliance, creation, or violation. To use it like a native speaker, you must master the 'collocation clusters' that define its legal and administrative environment.
1. Verbs of Compliance
The most common way to use '法规' is to describe following it. The verb 遵守 (zūnshǒu) is the standard choice. For a more formal or emphatic tone, use 遵循 (zūnxún) or 依照 (yīzhào).
- 遵守法规: To abide by regulations. (e.g., 公民应当自觉遵守法规。)
- 符合法规: To be in accordance with regulations. (e.g., 该产品符合安全法规。)
2. Verbs of Violation
When someone breaks the rules, 违反 (wéifǎn) is the primary verb. In more serious legal contexts, you might see 触犯 (chùfàn), which implies 'offending' or 'stepping on' the law.
- 违反法规: To violate regulations. (e.g., 违反法规者将受到处罚。)
- 触犯法规: To infringe upon regulations.
3. Verbs of Creation and Implementation
Governments and organizations 制定 (zhìdìng - formulate), 出台 (chūtái - release/issue), and 实施 (shíshī - implement) regulations.
- 制定法规: To formulate regulations. (e.g., 政府正在制定新的环保法规。)
- 完善法规: To improve/perfect regulations. (e.g., 我们需要不断完善相关法规。)
4. Common Adjectival Modifiers
Because '法规' is broad, it is usually specified by an adjective or a noun acting as a modifier. Common examples include 现行 (xiànxíng - current), 相关 (xiāngguān - relevant), and 地方法规 (local regulations).
"根据现行法规，这种行为是不被允许的。" (According to current regulations, this behavior is not permitted.)
In summary, '法规' is a high-register word. You will see it in news reports, company handbooks, and government announcements. When writing, ensure you are not using it for trivial rules like 'no talking in the library' (where '规定' or '规则' is better). Use '法规' when the rule has a formal, legal basis.
You will encounter 法规 (fǎguī) in specific environments where authority and formal standards are being discussed. It is a staple of the 'official' Chinese language used by media, government, and corporate entities. Understanding these contexts helps you recognize the 'vibe' of the word—it is serious, authoritative, and non-negotiable.
1. News and Media
On CCTV (China Central Television) or in newspapers like the People's Daily, '法规' is used daily. It appears in headlines about new government policies, environmental crackdowns, or financial reforms. You will often hear the phrase "法律法规" (fǎlǜ fǎguī) used as a four-character set piece to mean 'the law in its entirety'.
2. Corporate and Business Settings
In a Chinese office, especially in departments like HR, Legal, or Compliance, '法规' is a constant presence. It appears in employee handbooks, contract negotiations, and training sessions about labor rights or data privacy.
3. Public Service Announcements
In subways, airports, or public parks, signs often refer to '法规' to remind citizens of their duties. For example, signs about fire safety or prohibited items often cite specific '法规' to provide authority to the warning.
4. Academic and Legal Discourse
Law students and professors use '法规' to distinguish between different types of legal instruments. In a classroom, you might hear a debate about whether a certain '法规' contradicts a national '法律'. This is the most technical use of the word.
"法学教授正在分析这套新法规对市场的影响。" (The law professor is analyzing the impact of this new set of regulations on the market.)
By paying attention to these contexts, you'll notice that '法规' is rarely used in casual conversation between friends unless they are discussing a formal matter like getting a visa, paying taxes, or dealing with a traffic ticket. It is a word that brings the presence of the 'system' into the conversation.
While 法规 (fǎguī) seems straightforward, learners often struggle with its register and its distinction from other 'rule' words. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid.
1. Over-generalizing 'Rules'
The biggest mistake is using '法规' for any kind of rule. In English, 'regulations' can sometimes be used loosely, but in Chinese, '法规' is strictly formal. If you are talking about the rules of a game, a household, or a small club, do not use '法规'.
- Incorrect: 足球法规 (Football regulations - sounds like a government law about football).
- Correct: 足球规则 (Football rules).
2. Confusing '法规' with '法律'
While often used together, they are not identical. 法律 (fǎlǜ) is the general term for 'Law' (passed by the legislature). 法规 (fǎguī) is more specific, often referring to administrative or local rules. Using '法规' when you mean the entire concept of Justice or the Legal System is a mistake.
3. Incorrect Verb Pairing
Learners sometimes use '做' (zuò - to do) or '写' (xiě - to write) with '法规'. While understandable, it sounds unnatural. Use 制定 (zhìdìng) for creating regulations and 遵守 (zūnshǒu) for following them.
4. Misunderstanding the Measure Word
The measure word for '法规' is usually 项 (xiàng) for individual items or 套 (tào) for a set. Using '个' (gè) is common in speech but is considered informal in writing.
- 一项法规: One regulation/item of regulation.
- 一套法规: A set of regulations.
By avoiding these mistakes, you will ensure that your use of '法规' matches the formal and professional tone the word requires.
Chinese has many words for 'rules' and 'laws'. Distinguishing between them is key to reaching a B2 or C1 level of fluency. Here is how 法规 (fǎguī) compares to its closest relatives.
- 法律 (fǎlǜ)
- The broadest term for 'Law'. It refers to the fundamental legal system and acts passed by the highest legislative body. If you are talking about 'the law' in a general sense (e.g., 'Nobody is above the law'), use 法律.
- 规则 (guīzé)
- General 'rules'. This is used for games, sports, grammar, or general logic. It lacks the 'state authority' connotation of 法规. (e.g., 游戏规则 - game rules).
- 规定 (guīdìng)
- Specific 'provisions' or 'stipulations'. This is often used for internal company policies or specific requirements within a larger document. It can also be a verb ('to stipulate').
- 条例 (tiáolì)
- 'Regulations' or 'ordinances'. This is even more specific than 法规 and usually refers to a specific set of articles (e.g., 交通管理条例 - Traffic Management Ordinances).
- 制度 (zhìdù)
- 'System' or 'institution'. This refers to the overarching structure or way of doing things (e.g., 社会制度 - social system, 公司制度 - company system).
"虽然这项规定只是公司内部的，但它也必须符合国家的法律法规。" (Although this stipulation is only internal to the company, it must also comply with national laws and regulations.)
In summary: Use 法律 for the big picture, 法规 for government regulations, 条例 for specific ordinances, 规定 for specific requirements, and 规则 for games or general logic.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Use of '按照' (according to)
Passive voice with '被' (e.g., 被处罚)
Formal '旨在' (aims to)
Conditional '如果...就...' in legal contexts
Nominalization of verbs (e.g., 法规的实施)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
我们要遵守交通法规。
We must obey traffic regulations.
Subject + 遵守 + Noun
这些法规很重要。
These regulations are very important.
Determiner + Noun + Adjective
老师教我们学校的法规。
The teacher teaches us the school regulations.
Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
这里没有法规吗？
Are there no regulations here?
Location + Verb + Noun + Question Particle
请看这个法规。
Please look at this regulation.
Polite Request + Verb + Object
我不懂这个法规。
I don't understand this regulation.
Negative + Verb + Object
法规保护我们。
Regulations protect us.
Noun + Verb + Object
大家都要看法规。
Everyone needs to read the regulations.
Subject + Verb + Object
新的交通法规下周开始。
The new traffic regulations start next week.
Time phrase + Noun + Verb
违反法规要罚款。
Violating regulations results in a fine.
Verb + Noun + Result
你应该学习相关的法规。
You should study the relevant regulations.
Modal Verb + Verb + Adjective + Noun
这个法规是为了安全。
This regulation is for safety.
Noun + 是为了 + Purpose
政府发布了新的法规。
The government issued new regulations.
Subject + Verb + Object
我们必须按照法规办事。
We must act according to the regulations.
按照 + Noun + Verb
这项法规对大家都有好处。
This regulation is good for everyone.
对...有好处 (is good for...)
请问哪里可以查到这些法规？
Excuse me, where can I find these regulations?
Question about location/source
公司必须符合国家的环保法规。
The company must comply with national environmental regulations.
Emphasis on 'must' (必须) and 'comply' (符合).
我们需要完善现有的法律法规。
We need to improve existing laws and regulations.
Use of the compound '法律法规'.
他因为违反法规被吊销了执照。
His license was revoked for violating regulations.
Cause and effect structure (因为...被...).
这些法规旨在保护消费者的权益。
These regulations aim to protect consumer rights.
旨在 (aims to) + Purpose.
政府正在就新法规征求公众意见。
The government is seeking public opinion on the new regulations.
就...征求意见 (seek opinion on...).
这项法规的实施将减少污染。
The implementation of this regulation will reduce pollution.
Noun phrase (法规的实施) as subject.
法律法规是社会稳定的基石。
Laws and regulations are the cornerstone of social stability.
Metaphorical use in a formal sentence.
请务必遵守当地的各项法规。
Please be sure to abide by all local regulations.
Use of '务必' (must/be sure to) for emphasis.
该法规对网络安全做出了明确规定。
The regulation makes clear stipulations regarding network security.
对...做出规定 (make stipulations regarding...).
地方性法规不得与国家法律相抵触。
Local regulations must not conflict with national laws.
不得 (must not) + 相抵触 (conflict).
我们需要根据法规调整经营策略。
We need to adjust our business strategy according to the regulations.
根据 (according to) + Noun + Verb.
这项法规填补了相关领域的法律空白。
This regulation filled a legal gap in the relevant field.
填补...空白 (fill a gap).
有关部门正在加紧起草相关法规。
Relevant departments are stepping up the drafting of relevant regulations.
加紧 (step up/intensify) + 起草 (draft).
法规的解释权归相关政府部门所有。
The right to interpret the regulations belongs to the relevant government departments.
解释权 (right of interpretation) + 归...所有 (belongs to).
违反该法规将承担相应的法律责任。
Violation of this regulation will result in corresponding legal liability.
承担 (bear/assume) + 法律责任 (legal responsibility).
新法规的出台引起了社会的广泛关注。
The introduction of the new regulation has attracted widespread social attention.
引起 (cause/attract) + 关注 (attention).
行政法规的制定必须遵循法定程序。
The formulation of administrative regulations must follow statutory procedures.
Technical terms: 行政法规, 法定程序.
该法规旨在通过制度化手段解决社会矛盾。
The regulation aims to resolve social conflicts through institutionalized means.
旨在 (aims to) + Noun phrase + Verb.
法规的滞后性往往难以适应快速发展的市场。
The lag of regulations often makes it difficult to adapt to a rapidly developing market.
滞后性 (lag/latency) as a concept.
我们需要对现行法规进行全面的清理和修订。
We need to conduct a comprehensive cleanup and revision of current regulations.
对...进行 (conduct/carry out) + Cleanup/Revision.
该法规的效力等级低于全国人大制定的法律。
The legal effect of this regulation is lower than that of laws enacted by the NPC.
效力等级 (level of legal effect).
在法规起草过程中，应当充分听取专家意见。
During the drafting process of regulations, experts' opinions should be fully heard.
充分 (fully) + 听取 (listen to/hear).
法规的实施细则进一步明确了操作流程。
The implementation rules of the regulation further clarified the operational procedures.
实施细则 (implementation rules/details).
完善法规体系是建设法治国家的重要环节。
Perfecting the regulatory system is an important link in building a country under the rule of law.
建设 (build) + 法治国家 (rule of law country).
法规的合法性审查是确保法律统一性的关键。
Legality review of regulations is key to ensuring legal unity.
Legality review (合法性审查).
该法规在授权立法范围内进行了适度探索。
The regulation carried out moderate exploration within the scope of authorized legislation.
授权立法 (authorized legislation).
行政法规与地方性法规之间的职权划分需进一步明确。
The division of powers between administrative regulations and local regulations needs further clarification.
职权划分 (division of powers).
该法规的废止标志着一个旧监管时代的结束。
The abolition of this regulation marks the end of an old regulatory era.
废止 (abolition/repeal) + 标志着 (marks).
法规的稳定性与灵活性之间的平衡是立法难点。
The balance between the stability and flexibility of regulations is a legislative difficulty.
Abstract balance between two nouns.
司法机关在审理案件时可以参照相关行政法规。
Judicial organs may refer to relevant administrative regulations when hearing cases.
参照 (refer to) in a judicial context.
该法规的出台体现了国家对新兴产业的规制意图。
The introduction of this regulation reflects the state's regulatory intent for emerging industries.
规制意图 (regulatory intent).
通过法规的动态调整，政府能够更有效地应对市场波动。
Through dynamic adjustment of regulations, the government can respond more effectively to market fluctuations.
动态调整 (dynamic adjustment).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Broad law vs. specific regulations.
Casual rules/games vs. formal state regulations.
Specific stipulations vs. the body of regulations.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
It is a technical term in the Chinese legal hierarchy.
Using '法规' correctly shows a high level of professional Chinese.
- Using '法规' for board games.
- Using '做' instead of '制定' for creating regulations.
- Confusing it with '法律' in a technical legal discussion.
- Using the wrong measure word (like '个').
- Using it in a very casual, slangy conversation.
نکات
Learn the Pair
Always learn '法律' and '法规' together as '法律法规'.
Business Use
In a job interview, use '法规' to show you understand compliance.
Measure Word
Use '一项法规' in formal writing to sound more native.
Tone Check
Ensure the 3rd tone of 'fǎ' is full and clear.
News Scan
Look for this word in the 'Politics' or 'Economy' section of a Chinese newspaper.
Formal Verbs
Pair with '制定' (formulate) or '修订' (revise).
Legal Awareness
Understanding '法规' helps you understand Chinese social governance.
Vs. Rules
Remember: Games have '规则', countries have '法规'.
Radio Clues
Listen for it in traffic reports (交通法规).
Root Focus
Focus on '法' (Law) to remember the core meaning.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
بافت فرهنگی
Local governments can pass '地方性法规' to suit regional needs.
The NPC passes '法律', while the State Council passes '行政法规'.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你知道最近新出的交通法规吗？"
"在你们国家，环保法规严格吗？"
"你觉得这项法规对小企业有影响吗？"
"我们应该如何更好地向公众宣传法规？"
"违反这项法规会有什么后果？"
موضوعات نگارش
写一写你对某项新法规的看法。
描述一次你必须遵守某种法规的经历。
如果你可以制定一项法规，你会制定什么？
讨论法律法规对社会稳定的重要性。
比较一下你家乡和中国的某些法规差异。
سوالات متداول
10 سوال法律 (fǎlǜ) refers to national laws passed by the legislature, while 法规 (fǎguī) usually refers to administrative or local regulations that provide more specific rules.
No, '法规' is too formal for school rules. Use '校规' (xiàoguī) or '规定' (guīdìng) instead.
The most common measure word is '项' (xiàng) for an individual regulation or '套' (tào) for a set.
Yes, it is very common in news, business, and formal writing, but rare in casual daily speech.
You should say '违反法规' (wéifǎn fǎguī).
No, it is strictly a noun. To say 'to regulate', use '规制' (guīzhì) or '监管' (jiānguǎn).
It is a common four-character phrase that combines 'laws' and 'regulations' into a single concept.
It means 'traffic regulations' or 'the rules of the road'.
Yes, it is used in both Mainland China and Taiwan with the same general meaning.
Yes, it is typically introduced at the B1 level as learners start to engage with more formal topics.
خودت رو بسنج 178 سوال
/ 178 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
法规 is a formal, high-register noun for legal and administrative regulations. It is essential for professional communication, government interactions, and understanding the formal rules of Chinese society, distinguishing itself from casual rules by its legal weight.
- 法规 (fǎguī) refers to formal laws and regulations issued by authorities.
- It is more formal than '规则' (rules) and often implies government enforcement.
- Commonly used in phrases like '法律法规' (laws and regulations).
- Key verbs include '遵守' (obey), '违反' (violate), and '制定' (formulate).
Learn the Pair
Always learn '法律' and '法规' together as '法律法规'.
Business Use
In a job interview, use '法规' to show you understand compliance.
Measure Word
Use '一项法规' in formal writing to sound more native.
Tone Check
Ensure the 3rd tone of 'fǎ' is full and clear.
مثال
所有公民都必须遵守国家的法律法规。
محتوای مرتبط
قواعد دستوری مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر law
允许
B1معلم به دانشآموزان اجازه داد که از کتابخانه استفاده کنند.
补偿
B1جبران کردن خسارت یا کمبود. تلافی کردن.
遵守
B1رعایت کردن یا پیروی از قوانین، مقررات یا توافقنامهها. به عنوان مثال، رعایت قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی.
约束
B1محدودیت یا فشار بر اعمال یا رفتار کسی؛ عمل تحت کنترل نگه داشتن چیزی.
版权
B1حق تکثیر یا حق چاپ، حق قانونی انحصاری است که به خالق یک اثر اصلی داده میشود تا استفاده و توزیع آن را کنترل کند. در فارسی به آن 'حق تکثیر' یا 'حق مؤلف' میگویند.
著作权
B1حق تکثیر حق قانونی است که به پدیدآورنده یک اثر داده میشود.
法院
B1دادگاه نهادی است که به اختلافات قانونی رسیدگی میکند.
犯罪
B1واژه '犯罪' به معنای مرتکب شدن جرم یا عملی است که توسط قانون مجازات میشود.
剥夺
B1محروم کردن کسی از حقوق یا اموال خود با زور یا قانون.
判定
B1تعیین کردن یا قضاوت رسمی. دادگاه حکم داد که او بیگناه است.
