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A1 preposition #1,200 le plus courant 3 min de lecture

عبر

'abr Top 1,200

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

§ Don't confuse 'عبر' with other prepositions

Many learners get confused between 'عبر' and other prepositions like 'خلال' (during, through) or 'من خلال' (through). While they can sometimes overlap in meaning, their primary uses are different. 'عبر' often implies movement from one side to another, or across a space. 'خلال' usually refers to a duration of time or passing through something like a process or an event. 'من خلال' is a bit closer to 'عبر' in its spatial meaning of 'through,' but 'عبر' is more direct for physical crossing.

§ Using 'عبر' for 'through' in all contexts

Another common mistake is to use 'عبر' for every instance where you'd say 'through' in English. This isn't always correct in Arabic. For example, if you want to say 'I learned through experience,' you wouldn't typically use 'عبر'. You'd use a different construction, often involving 'من خلال'. 'عبر' is best for physical traversal or, in some cases, communication 'via' something.

Wrong: تعلمت عبر التجربة (Incorrect for 'I learned through experience')

Right: تعلمت من خلال التجربة (Correct for 'I learned through experience')

§ Not understanding its use with 'means of communication'

'عبر' is often used to mean 'via' or 'through' when referring to a means of communication or transmission. This is a very common and important usage, and sometimes learners overlook it or use other prepositions incorrectly. For instance, 'عبر الهاتف' means 'via telephone' or 'over the phone'.

تحدثت إليه عبر الهاتف. (I spoke to him over the phone.)

Here, 'عبر' clearly indicates the medium of communication.

§ Forgetting its meaning of 'across' a physical barrier or space

The most straightforward meaning of 'عبر' is 'across,' especially when talking about crossing a physical space, like a street, a river, or a bridge. New learners sometimes struggle to consistently apply this meaning and might try to use other prepositions that don't fit.

مشى الرجل عبر الشارع. (The man walked across the street.)

مرت السفينة عبر القناة. (The ship passed through the canal.)

In these examples, 'عبر' indicates movement from one side to the other.

§ Overlooking its figurative uses

While 'عبر' is often used literally, it also has figurative uses. For instance, it can mean 'throughout' a period of time, similar to 'على مر'. This is less common than its physical meanings but still important to recognize. For example, 'عبر العصور' means 'throughout the ages'.

عبر العصور: Throughout the ages
عبر التاريخ: Throughout history

Le savais-tu ?

This root is shared with other Semitic languages, such as Hebrew (עבר - avar), where it also means 'to pass' or 'to cross'.

Exemples par niveau

سافرنا عبر الصحراء ليلاً.

We traveled across the desert at night.

وصلت الرسالة عبر البريد الإلكتروني.

The message arrived via email.

نقل الأخبار عبر الإذاعة.

He broadcast the news over the radio.

مر القطار عبر النفق الطويل.

The train passed through the long tunnel.

تواصلت معه عبر الهاتف.

I communicated with him over the phone.

انتشر الخبر عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي.

The news spread across social media.

يمكنك الوصول إلى المكتبة عبر هذا الشارع.

You can reach the library through this street.

تكلم عبر مكبر الصوت.

He spoke through the loudspeaker.

سافرنا عبر الصحراء في طريقنا إلى الواحة.

We traveled across the desert on our way to the oasis.

مررنا عبر المدينة القديمة وشاهدنا العديد من المعالم التاريخية.

We passed through the old city and saw many historical landmarks.

وصل الخبر عبر وسائل الإعلام المختلفة بسرعة كبيرة.

The news spread through various media very quickly.

يمكنك الوصول إلى هذه الصفحة عبر الرابط الموجود في الأسفل.

You can access this page via the link below.

تحدثوا عبر الهاتف لساعات لمناقشة المشروع الجديد.

They talked over the phone for hours to discuss the new project.

تمكنت السفينة من الإبحار عبر الأمواج العالية بصعوبة.

The ship managed to sail through the high waves with difficulty.

نقلت الرسالة عبر الأجيال وحفظت في السجلات التاريخية.

The message was passed down through generations and preserved in historical records.

امتدت تأثيرات القرار عبر جميع قطاعات الصناعة.

The effects of the decision spread across all sectors of the industry.

Modèles grammaticaux

عبر is a preposition, followed by a noun or a pronoun in the genitive case (مجرور). It indicates movement or passage from one side to another, or through something. It can also indicate a medium or means through which something is done. When followed by a definite noun, it directly precedes the noun. When followed by an indefinite noun, it directly precedes the noun. It can be used with various verbs of motion, communication, and experience.

Structures de phrases

عبر + noun (place)

مشيت عبر الحديقة. (I walked across the park.)

عبر + noun (means of communication)

تحدثت إليه عبر الهاتف. (I spoke to him over the phone.)

عبر + noun (time period)

تعلمت الكثير عبر السنوات. (I learned a lot through the years.)

travel verb + عبر + noun (place)

سافرنا عبر الصحراء. (We traveled across the desert.)

communication verb + عبر + noun (means)

أرسلت الرسالة عبر البريد الإلكتروني. (I sent the message via email.)

عبر + object pronoun (referring to a path/space)

مررت عبرها. (I passed through it.)

action verb + عبر + noun (barrier)

نظرت عبر النافذة. (I looked through the window.)

experience verb + عبر + noun (duration)

مررنا بتجارب صعبة عبر الحرب. (We went through difficult experiences during the war.)

Comment l'utiliser

Use عبر to indicate movement or passage from one side to another, or to mean 'via' or 'by means of'. It can also refer to something happening 'across' a period of time.

Erreurs courantes

A common mistake is confusing عبر with 'خلال' (during/through). While both can imply 'through', عبر often focuses on crossing a boundary or using a medium, whereas 'خلال' emphasizes duration or passage within something. For example, you would say 'سافر عبر الصحراء' (He traveled across the desert) and 'درس خلال الليل' (He studied during the night).

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a river and you want to get **across** it. You can do so **عبر** a bridge. Think of the English word 'across' having a 'c' sound, similar to the 'ع' sound in 'عبر'.

Association visuelle

Picture a bridge spanning **across** a river. As you walk **through** a tunnel, visualize yourself moving **عبر** it. When a bird flies **over** your head, imagine it passing **عبر** the sky.

Word Web

عبر النهر (across the river) عبر الصحراء (across the desert) عبر الهاتف (over the phone) عبر الإنترنت (via the internet) عبر الزمن (through time)

Défi

Try to use 'عبر' in different contexts. For example, describe how you traveled somewhere (e.g., 'ذهبت عبر القطار' - I went by train), or how you communicated with someone (e.g., 'تحدثت معه عبر الفيديو' - I spoke with him via video). Think of things that go **across**, **through**, or **over** other things.

Origine du mot

Proto-Semitic

Sens originel : to pass, to cross

Afro-Asiatic

Contexte culturel

Arabic, being a language with deep historical and religious roots, often uses prepositions like 'عبر' in contexts that reflect movement and passage, whether physical or temporal. Its use in classical texts and daily speech highlights the importance of conveying precise directional and relational meanings.