B1 Relative Clauses 11 min read Moyen

Propositions relatives avec quantificateurs (all of whom, none of which)

Après une virgule, utilise 'quantificateur + of + whom / which' pour parler élégamment d'une partie d'un groupe mentionné avant.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use quantifiers like 'all' or 'some' with 'of whom' or 'of which' to add specific details about a group.

  • Use 'of whom' for people: 'I have two sisters, both of whom are doctors.'
  • Use 'of which' for things: 'He bought three cars, none of which work.'
  • Always use a comma before the quantifier to separate the extra information.
[Group], + [Number/Amount] + of + whom/which + [Action]

Overview

### Overview
Tu as déjà remarqué comment certains textes en anglais semblent plus fluides, plus élégants et plus « professionnels » que d'autres ? Souvent, la différence ne réside pas dans le vocabulaire complexe, mais dans la structure des phrases. L'un des outils les plus puissants pour atteindre ce niveau de sophistication au niveau B1 (Intermédiaire), c'est l'utilisation des Relative Clauses with Quantifiers (les propositions relatives avec quantifieurs), comme all of whom ou none of which.
Imagine que tu veuilles dire : « J'ai trois collègues. Tous mes collègues sont bilingues. » En anglais basique, tu dirais : `I have three colleagues.
All of them are bilingual. C'est correct, mais c'est un peu saccadé, n'est-ce pas ? En utilisant une relative avec quantifieur, tu peux transformer cela en une seule phrase fluide : I have three colleagues, all of whom are bilingual.`
Pour nous, francophones, cette structure est une excellente nouvelle car elle ressemble beaucoup à certaines de nos tournures avec « dont » ou « parmi lesquels », même si la logique grammaticale diffère légèrement. Maîtriser ce point de grammaire, c'est comme passer d'un croquis au crayon à une peinture à l'huile : tu apportes de la nuance, de la précision et une structure beaucoup plus solide à ton discours. Que ce soit pour rédiger un rapport au bureau, passer un examen comme le Linguaskill ou le TOEIC, ou simplement pour avoir l'air plus naturel lors d'un dîner entre amis, cette structure est indispensable.
### How This Grammar Works
Pour comprendre comment cela fonctionne, il faut d'abord se rappeler ce qu'est une non-defining relative clause (une proposition relative non-définitive). C'est une partie de la phrase qui ajoute une information supplémentaire, mais qui n'est pas essentielle pour identifier de qui ou de quoi on parle. Elle est toujours séparée par des virgules.
Dans notre cas précis, on ajoute un quantifier (un mot qui indique une quantité) juste avant le pronom relatif. Voici les trois piliers de cette structure :
  1. 1Le Quantifieur : Des mots comme all, some, many, most, none, half, ou même des chiffres comme two ou three.
  2. 2La préposition of : Elle est obligatoire. Elle crée ce qu'on appelle un rapport partitif (une partie d'un tout).
  3. 3Le Pronom Relatif : C'est là que ça devient crucial. On n'utilise que deux options :
* whom pour les êtres humains.
* which pour les objets, les concepts, les animaux ou les situations.
Pourquoi whom et pas who ?
C'est la grande question ! En anglais, après une préposition (comme of, with, to), on doit utiliser la forme « objet » du pronom. Pour les personnes, cette forme est whom.
Même si whom tend à disparaître dans le langage parlé quotidien (on dit souvent Who are you talking to?), il reste absolument obligatoire et non négociable dans cette structure spécifique : some of whom, all of whom.
La ponctuation : ne l'oublie pas !
Comme ces informations sont considérées comme des « bonus » (si on les enlève, la phrase principale a toujours du sens), elles doivent être encadrées par des virgules. C'est un point où nous, les Français, sommes parfois un peu distraits, mais en anglais, c'est un signal visuel fort pour le lecteur.
| Type de groupe | Structure | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Personnes | Quantifieur + of whom | The guests, many of whom were famous, stayed late. |
| Choses / Idées | Quantifieur + of which | The reports, none of which were ready, were delayed. |
### Formation Pattern
La construction suit une recette très précise. Si tu changes l'ordre des ingrédients, la phrase s'effondre. Voici comment construire tes phrases étape par étape.
#### 1. Pour les personnes (People)
La formule est : [Nom au pluriel], [Quantifieur] + of whom + [Verbe]...
* I have two sisters, both of whom live in London. (J'ai deux sœurs, qui vivent toutes les deux à Londres.)
* The candidates, some of whom were very young, waited in the hall. (Les candidats, dont certains étaient très jeunes, attendaient dans le hall.)
#### 2. Pour les objets ou concepts (Things/Concepts)
La formule est : [Nom], [Quantifieur] + of which + [Verbe]...
* He bought ten books, three of which were about history. (Il a acheté dix livres, dont trois portaient sur l'histoire.)
* The company faces many challenges, most of which are financial. (L'entreprise fait face à de nombreux défis, dont la plupart sont financiers.)
#### 3. Le piège de l'accord du verbe (Verb Agreement)
C'est ici que ton cerveau de francophone va devoir être vigilant. En français, on a tendance à accorder selon le sentiment général de la phrase. En anglais, le verbe s'accorde avec le quantifieur, pas avec le groupe de personnes global.
  • Si le quantifieur est singulier (one, each), le verbe est au singulier.
  • Si le quantifieur est pluriel (all, many, both, two), le verbe est au pluriel.
  • Pour none, l'anglais moderne accepte souvent le pluriel, mais le singulier est plus formel.
Regarde la différence :
  • The directors, one of whom is French, decided to invest. (On utilise is car on parle de un seul directeur).
  • The directors, two of whom are French, decided to invest. (On utilise are car on parle de deux directeurs).
### When To Use It
Quand est-ce que tu devrais sortir cette structure de ta boîte à outils ? Voici les situations idéales :
1. Pour donner des détails précis sur un sous-groupe
C'est l'usage le plus courant. Tu as mentionné un groupe, et tu veux donner une info spécifique sur une partie de ce groupe sans alourdir ton texte.
* Exemple au bureau : We received fifty applications, ten of which were excellent.
2. Dans un contexte académique ou professionnel
Si tu écris un e-mail à un client, un rapport de stage ou une dissertation, cette structure montre que tu maîtrises les nuances de la langue. Elle évite les répétitions de them ou they qui peuvent paraître un peu répétitives.
* Exemple : The study analyzed 200 patients, half of whom showed significant improvement.
3. Pour éviter la répétition et créer de la cohésion
Au lieu de dire : I have many friends. Some of them are artists., ce qui fait très « niveau débutant », tu lies les idées. En anglais B1, on attend de toi que tu saches lier tes idées de manière logique.
* Exemple : I have many friends, some of whom are artists.
4. Pour exprimer des proportions ou des statistiques
C'est parfait pour présenter des résultats ou des faits.
* The company launched five new products, none of which failed. (L'entreprise a lancé cinq nouveaux produits, dont aucun n'a échoué.)
### Common Mistakes
En tant que francophones, nous avons des réflexes naturels qui nous jouent des tours ici. Voici les erreurs classiques à éviter :
1. L'erreur du « Who » (The Who Trap)
C'est l'erreur numéro 1. On a tellement l'habitude d'utiliser who pour les gens qu'on oublie la règle de la préposition.
* ❌ Faux : The students, all of who passed, were happy.
* ✅ Juste : The students, all of whom passed, were happy.
* *Pourquoi ?* Parce que of est une préposition, et après une préposition, on utilise obligatoirement whom.
2. La traduction littérale de « Dont » (The Dont Trap)
En français, le mot « dont » est magique : il sert à tout. On veut souvent traduire « dont certains » par whose some ou of which some.
* ❌ Faux : The cars, whose some are red... ou The cars, of which some are red... (très lourd).
* ✅ Juste : The cars, some of which are red...
* *Conseil :* Pense toujours à mettre le quantifieur en premier. C'est la clé.
3. L'oubli des virgules (The Comma Trap)
En français, on est parfois plus souples sur les virgules. En anglais, si tu oublies la virgule avant le quantifieur, la phrase devient difficile à lire et grammaticalement incorrecte.
* ❌ Faux : I invited my colleagues all of whom came.
* ✅ Juste : I invited my colleagues, all of whom came.
* *Astuce :* Si tu peux faire une pause pour reprendre ton souffle avant le quantifieur, c'est qu'il faut une virgule.
4. L'utilisation de « That »
On adore that parce que c'est facile. Mais attention : on ne peut jamais utiliser that après une préposition dans une relative.
* ❌ Faux : The projects, many of that are difficult...
* ✅ Juste : The projects, many of which are difficult...
### Contrast With Similar Patterns
Il est important de ne pas confondre cette structure avec d'autres formes de relatives ou de quantifieurs simples. Regardons les différences de nuances.
| Structure | Exemple | Nuance / Utilisation |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Quantifier | I have ten pens. Some of them are blue. | Deux phrases séparées. Style simple, moins formel. |
| Relative Clause with Quantifier | I have ten pens, some of which are blue. | Une seule phrase fluide. Plus élégant et professionnel. |
| Defining Relative Clause | The pens that are blue are on the table. | Ici, on définit quels stylos (seulement les bleus). Pas de virgule. |
| Non-defining Relative (Simple) | The pens, which are blue, are on the table. | On ajoute une info sur tous les stylos. Ils sont tous bleus. |
| Relative with Quantifier | The pens, some of which are blue, are on the table. | On précise qu'une partie seulement du groupe est bleue. |
La différence entre all of whom et all of them :
C'est la confusion la plus fréquente.
  • All of them s'utilise dans une phrase indépendante (après un point) ou après une conjonction comme and.
  • All of whom s'utilise uniquement pour introduire une proposition relative (après une virgule).
*Exemple :*
  • I met the managers. All of them were helpful. (Correct)
  • I met the managers and all of them were helpful. (Correct)
  • I met the managers, all of whom were helpful. (Correct et plus élégant)
  • ❌ I met the managers, all of them were helpful. (C'est ce qu'on appelle un *comma splice*, une erreur de ponctuation majeure en anglais).
### Quick FAQ
1. Est-ce que je peux utiliser cette structure à l'oral ?
Oui, absolument ! Mais elle appartient à un registre un peu plus soutenu. Si tu es dans un entretien d'embauche ou que tu fais une présentation, c'est parfait. Dans un pub avec des amis, on utilisera plus naturellement deux phrases simples avec some of them ou most of them.
2. Est-ce que whom est vraiment obligatoire ? Ça fait un peu vieux, non ?
Dans cette structure précise (quantifier + of + relative), oui, c'est obligatoire. Même les anglophones qui n'utilisent jamais whom par ailleurs l'utiliseront ici. Dire some of who sonne comme une faute de français du type « je va au marché » pour une oreille native.
3. Comment savoir si je dois utiliser which ou whom pour un animal ?
C'est une excellente question. En général, pour les animaux, on utilise which. Cependant, si tu parles de tes propres animaux de compagnie (tes « pets ») et que tu les considères comme des membres de la famille, tu peux utiliser whom.
  • *Standard :* He has three dogs, all of which are rescues.
  • *Affectueux :* He has three dogs, all of whom are part of the family.
4. Puis-je utiliser d'autres mots que des quantifieurs ?
Oui ! Tu peux utiliser des superlatifs comme the oldest of whom ou the most expensive of which.
  • I have three brothers, the oldest of whom is a doctor. (J'ai trois frères, dont l'aîné est médecin.)
En résumé, cette structure est ton alliée pour structurer ta pensée de manière plus mature. Elle demande un peu d'entraînement pour automatiser le réflexe du of whom / of which, mais une fois que tu l'as, tes écrits et tes présentations gagneront instantanément en crédibilité. T'inquiète pas si ça te semble un peu rigide au début, c'est le signe que tu passes un cap important dans ton apprentissage de l'anglais !

The Quantifier Structure

Quantifier Preposition Relative Pronoun Usage
All / Some / Many
of
whom
For People
All / Some / Many
of
which
For Things
None / Neither
of
whom
Negative (People)
None / Neither
of
which
Negative (Things)
Two / Three / Ten
of
whom
Specific Number (People)
The majority / Half
of
which
Portions (Things)

Meanings

A type of non-defining relative clause used to provide information about a specific portion or quantity of a previously mentioned noun.

1

Quantifying People

Using 'of whom' to specify a number or portion of a group of people.

“The team has ten members, all of whom are experts.”

“I met several students, two of whom were from Italy.”

2

Quantifying Objects/Ideas

Using 'of which' to specify a number or portion of a group of things or concepts.

“He wrote five books, none of which were published.”

“We visited three museums, each of which was unique.”

3

Specifying Parts of a Whole

Using words like 'half', 'most', or 'the majority' to describe a portion.

“The company hired 100 workers, half of whom are part-time.”

“The forest has thousands of trees, the majority of which are oaks.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Propositions relatives avec quantificateurs (all of whom, none of which)
Type de sujet Structure Exemples de quantificateurs Exemple de phrase
Personnes
Quantificateur + of whom
all, many, some, three
I have ten friends, many of whom live abroad.
Choses
Quantificateur + of which
all, most, none, a few
She has many books, all of which are signed.
Paires (Personnes)
Both/Neither + of whom
both, neither
I met two actors, neither of whom I recognized.
Paires (Choses)
Both/Neither + of which
both, neither
He has two cars, both of which are electric.
Possession
Quantificateur + of whose + nom
all, some
They have three kids, all of whose names start with A.
Nombres
Nombre + of which/whom
one, two, five
We ordered five pizzas, two of which were vegan.

Spectre de formalité

Formel
I have ten colleagues, all of whom are highly skilled.

I have ten colleagues, all of whom are highly skilled. (Professional/Social)

Neutre
I have ten colleagues, and they are all very good at their jobs.

I have ten colleagues, and they are all very good at their jobs. (Professional/Social)

Informel
I've got ten people at work, all of them are great.

I've got ten people at work, all of them are great. (Professional/Social)

Argot
My work crew? All of 'em are legends.

My work crew? All of 'em are legends. (Professional/Social)

Propositions relatives avec quantificateurs

Quantificateur + of

Personnes

  • whom se réfère à des êtres humains
  • all of whom toutes les personnes du groupe

Choses/Objets

  • which se réfère à ce qui n'est pas humain
  • most of which la majorité des éléments

Connexions formelles vs informelles

Formel (Proposition relative)
..., many of whom... Écriture de haut niveau
..., all of which... Élégant et concis
Informel (Conjonction)
...and many of them... Langage courant
...and all of them... Simple et direct

Comment choisir ton pronom ?

1

Est-ce que tu décris des personnes ?

YES
Utilise 'whom'
NO
Utilise 'which'
2

Est-ce après une virgule ?

YES
Continue !
NO ↓

Quantificateurs courants à utiliser

✅

Total / Positif

  • • all of
  • • both of
  • • most of
❌

Négatif

  • • none of
  • • neither of
🔢

Partiel / Nombres

  • • some of
  • • a few of
  • • three of
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Exemples par niveau

1

I have two pens. Both of them are red.

I have two pens. Both of them are red.

2

She has three cats. One of them is black.

She has three cats. One of them is black.

3

I saw five movies. All of them were good.

I saw five movies. All of them were good.

4

He has two brothers. They are both tall.

He has two brothers. They are both tall.

1

I have many friends, and some of them live here.

I have many friends, and some of them live here.

2

He bought four apples, but two of them were bad.

He bought four apples, but two of them were bad.

3

We have ten computers, and all of them are new.

We have ten computers, and all of them are new.

4

She invited ten people, but none of them came.

She invited ten people, but none of them came.

1

I have three sisters, all of whom are older than me.

I have three sisters, all of whom are older than me.

2

He owns five cars, none of which are electric.

He owns five cars, none of which are electric.

3

The hotel has 50 rooms, most of which have a sea view.

The hotel has 50 rooms, most of which have a sea view.

4

I met the managers, two of whom were very helpful.

I met the managers, two of whom were very helpful.

1

The company launched three products, each of which targeted a different market.

The company launched three products, each of which targeted a different market.

2

There were several candidates, few of whom possessed the necessary skills.

There were several candidates, few of whom possessed the necessary skills.

3

The library contains thousands of manuscripts, some of which date back to the 12th century.

The library contains thousands of manuscripts, some of which date back to the 12th century.

4

He has published many articles, the majority of which focus on climate change.

He has published many articles, the majority of which focus on climate change.

1

The researchers interviewed 200 subjects, a significant proportion of whom reported side effects.

The researchers interviewed 200 subjects, a significant proportion of whom reported side effects.

2

The city is home to numerous skyscrapers, the tallest of which reaches 500 meters.

The city is home to numerous skyscrapers, the tallest of which reaches 500 meters.

3

The committee proposed several amendments, none of which were accepted by the board.

The committee proposed several amendments, none of which were accepted by the board.

4

The artist created a series of murals, the most famous of which is located in the city center.

The artist created a series of murals, the most famous of which is located in the city center.

1

The philosopher explored various metaphysical theories, the intricacies of which remain a subject of debate.

The philosopher explored various metaphysical theories, the intricacies of which remain a subject of debate.

2

The treaty consists of twelve articles, the third of which stipulates the terms of ceasefire.

The treaty consists of twelve articles, the third of which stipulates the terms of ceasefire.

3

He was surrounded by sycophants, all of whom vied for his fleeting attention.

He was surrounded by sycophants, all of whom vied for his fleeting attention.

4

The galaxy contains billions of stars, an infinitesimal fraction of which may harbor life.

The galaxy contains billions of stars, an infinitesimal fraction of which may harbor life.

Facile à confondre

Relative Clauses with Quantifiers (all of whom, none of which) vs Relative Clauses with 'Whose'

Learners confuse 'of whom' (part of a group) with 'whose' (possession).

Relative Clauses with Quantifiers (all of whom, none of which) vs Standard Non-defining Clauses

Learners forget to add the quantifier and just use 'which' or 'who'.

Erreurs courantes

✗

I have two brothers, all of who are tall.

✓

I have two brothers. Both of them are tall.

At A1, don't try the complex structure. Use two simple sentences.
✗

I have many books, some of them are old.

✓

I have many books, and some of them are old.

You cannot join two sentences with just a comma (Comma Splice). Use 'and'.
✗

I have three friends, all of them live in London.

✓

I have three friends, all of whom live in London.

In a single sentence with a relative clause, you must use 'whom', not 'them'.
✗

He has two cars, both of who are fast.

✓

He has two cars, both of which are fast.

Use 'which' for objects, not 'who' or 'whom'.
✗

The guests, many of who arrived late...

✓

The guests, many of whom arrived late...

Even in modern English, 'whom' is required after a preposition like 'of'.

Structures de phrases

I have ___, ___ of whom ___.

There are ___, ___ of which ___.

Real World Usage

Academic Writing very common

The survey included 500 participants, most of whom were students.

Job Interviews common

I led several teams, all of whom exceeded their targets.

News Reporting very common

The police arrested five suspects, two of whom have been charged.

Travel Reviews occasional

The resort has three pools, none of which were crowded.

Product Descriptions common

The set comes with six brushes, each of which has a specific use.

Storytelling occasional

He had many secrets, some of which were dangerous.

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⚠️

La virgule, c'est vital !

N'oublie jamais la virgule avant le quantificateur. Elle signale que l'information est non essentielle et évite les phrases trop longues :
I have three brothers, all of whom are engineers.
🎯

Impressionne ton boss !

Utilise cette structure dans tes rapports pour décrire des données. Ça fait beaucoup plus pro que deux phrases séparées :
We analyzed 50 samples, 40 of which showed improvement.
💡

Le test du battement de cœur

Si le nom a un battement de cœur (ce sont des personnes), utilise whom. Sinon (des livres, des apps, des voitures), utilise which :
He sent me ten emails, none of which I have read yet.

Smart Tips

Try combining them with 'of whom' or 'of which' to make your writing flow better.

I have ten employees. Most of them work remotely. → I have ten employees, most of whom work remotely.

If there is a preposition like 'of' right before it, it is ALWAYS 'whom'.

Many of who... → Many of whom...

Prononciation

/ɔːl əv huːm/

Stress on the Quantifier

In these clauses, the quantifier (all, some, none) usually receives the primary stress to emphasize the amount.

some-əv-which

The 'of' reduction

The word 'of' is often reduced to a weak 'schwa' sound /əv/.

Non-defining pause

I have two brothers [pause] both of whom are doctors.

The pause (indicated by the comma) shows that the following information is extra.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Remember: 'Whom' for the 'Home-sapiens' (people), 'Which' for the 'Witch's' broom (things).

Association visuelle

Imagine a large circle representing a group. Inside, a smaller circle is highlighted with a label like '3 of whom' or 'some of which'. This shows you are focusing on a subset.

Rhyme

For people use 'whom', for things use 'which', add a comma first to avoid a glitch!

Story

A king had three sons, all of whom wanted the throne. He gave them three tasks, none of which were easy. The first son failed, at which point the second son tried.

Word Web

whomwhichquantifiercommaportionsubsetformal

Défi

Write three sentences about your family or your belongings using 'all of whom', 'none of which', and 'two of whom'.

Notes culturelles

This structure is a hallmark of high-level academic writing in the UK and US. Using it correctly can significantly improve the 'academic tone' of an essay.

In formal British contexts, 'whom' is preserved more strictly than in some casual American dialects.

Legal documents use this to be extremely precise about which parts of a contract or group of people are being discussed.

This structure stems from the Latin 'partitive genitive', where a part is taken from a whole.

Amorces de conversation

“

Tell me about your favorite movies. How many have you seen recently?

“

How many people are in your family, and what do they do?

“

Think about the apps on your phone. Which ones do you use most?

Sujets d'écriture

Describe your collection of books, clothes, or gadgets.
Write about a group of friends or colleagues you admire.

Erreurs courantes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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Test Yourself

Complète la phrase avec le bon pronom relatif.

I have two best friends, both of ___ live in London.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: whom
On utilise 'whom' parce qu'on fait référence à des personnes (des amis).
Quelle phrase est grammaticalement correcte ? Choix multiple

Choisis la meilleure phrase pour un essai formel :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She wrote five books, all of which are famous.
Cette phrase utilise le bon pronom relatif ('which' pour les livres) et inclut la virgule nécessaire. C'est parfait !
Trouve et corrige l'erreur dans la phrase. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

I have many unread notifications, some of who are from Instagram.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: some of which are from Instagram.
Les notifications sont des choses, donc on doit utiliser 'which' au lieu de 'who'. Facile, non ?

Score: /3

Exercices pratiques

8 exercises
Choose the correct relative pronoun. Choix multiple

I have three cousins, all of ___ live in America.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: whom
We use 'whom' for people after a preposition like 'of'.
Fill in the blank with 'whom' or 'which'.

He bought five shirts, two of ___ were too small.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: which
Shirts are objects, so we use 'which'.
Correct the error in the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

She has many friends, some of them are doctors.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: some of whom are doctors
To join these into one sentence, 'them' must become 'whom'.
Combine the two sentences into one using 'none of which'. Sentence Transformation

He told me three stories. They weren't true.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He told me three stories, none of which were true.
We use a comma and 'none of which' to combine the sentences.
Is the following sentence grammatically correct? True False Rule

'The company has ten employees, all of who work from home.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It should be 'all of whom'.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Did you like the books I lent you? B: I've read three of them, ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: all of which were great
Books are things, so 'which' is correct.
Which pronoun goes with which noun? Grammar Sorting

1. Students, 2. Computers

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1: whom, 2: which
Whom is for people, which is for things.
Put the words in the correct order. Sentence Building

sisters / I / two / have / whom / of / both / doctors / are / ,

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I have two sisters, both of whom are doctors.
The main clause comes first, then the comma, then the relative clause.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Complète la phrase. Texte trous

The team has ten members, six of ___ are from Germany.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: whom
Corrige le pronom. Error Correction

He has two houses, neither of who is in the city.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: neither of which is
Mets les mots dans le bon ordre. Sentence Reorder

many / , / I / apps / of / use / which / I / have / .

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I have many apps, many of which I use.
Traduis en anglais en utilisant une proposition relative. Traduction

Ich habe zwei Schwestern, von denen beide Lehrerinnen sind.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I have two sisters, both of whom are teachers.
Quelle phrase évite un "comma splice" (virgule mal utilisée) ? Choix multiple

Identifie la phrase grammaticalement parfaite :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: They have three dogs, all of which are golden retrievers.
Associe la phrase quantificatrice au nom qu'elle décrit. Match Pairs

Associe correctement :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: all matched
Complète le blanc. Texte trous

The store sells many brands, most of ___ are local.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: which
Corrige l'erreur de virgule. Error Correction

I have five pens none of which work.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I have five pens, none of which work.
Remets les segments de phrase dans l'ordre. Sentence Reorder

none of whom / , / the party / ten people attended / I knew / .

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ten people attended the party, none of whom I knew.
Traduis en anglais. Traduction

Er machte viele Vorschläge, von denen keiner akzeptiert wurde.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He made many suggestions, none of which were accepted.

Score: /10

FAQ (8)

No. In this specific structure (after a quantifier and 'of'), you can only use `which` for things and `whom` for people.

It is quite formal. In casual speech, most people say `I have three brothers and all of them are...` rather than using `all of whom`.

Yes. These are non-defining relative clauses, which always require a comma to separate the extra information from the main clause.

Absolutely! Any quantifier works: `one`, `two`, `several`, `many`, `a few`, `none`, `all`, etc.

Usually, we use `which` for animals. However, if the animals are pets with names, some people use `whom`, though `which` is always safe.

It depends on the noun. Usually, it takes a plural verb if the group is plural: `None of which are...` but in very formal English, some prefer the singular `is`.

No, the relative clause must follow the noun it describes. You must introduce the group before you can quantify it.

Use `both` specifically for two people. Use `all` for three or more.

Scaffolded Practice

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Mastery Progress

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

de los cuales / de quienes

English pronouns (whom/which) do not change for gender or number.

French moderate

dont / desquels

French 'dont' is much more versatile and common than the English quantifier structure.

German moderate

von denen / von welchen

German requires the verb at the very end of the clause.

Japanese low

そのうちの (sono uchi no)

Japanese does not use relative pronouns like 'which' or 'whom'.

Arabic partial

منهم (minhum) / منها (minha)

Arabic uses pronouns attached to prepositions rather than independent relative pronouns.

Chinese low

其中 (qízhōng)

Chinese lacks relative pronouns and uses fixed phrases to show part-whole relationships.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Prépositions Formelles dans les Propositions Relatives (to whom, for which)

Learn These First

B1 Builds On

Propositions Subordonnées Relatives Définissantes : Identifier les Personnes et les Choses

### Overview Bienvenue dans cette leçon cruciale pour franchir un cap dans ton apprentissage de l'anglais. Si tu as déj...

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