A1 Nouns & Articles 17 min read आसान

समय बताना: पुर्तगाली में मिनट

Tell time by saying the feminine hour, adding 'e', and then the masculine minutes (usually dropping the word 'minutos').
सीखा हुआ चिह्नित करें
इसका अभ्यास करें

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To tell time in Portuguese, use 'são' for plural hours and 'e' to add minutes after the hour.

  • Use 'São' for hours 2-12: 'São duas e dez' (It is 2:10).
  • Use 'É' only for 1:00: 'É uma e cinco' (It is 1:05).
  • Minutes are added with 'e': 'São três e vinte' (It is 3:20).
São + [Hour] + e + [Minutes]

Overview

### Overview
नमस्ते! पुर्तगाली भाषा सीखना एक रोमांचक सफर है, और समय बताना (Telling Time) इसका सबसे पहला और जरूरी कदम है। देखो, हिंदी में हम समय बताने के लिए बहुत ही सरल तरीके का उपयोग करते हैं, जैसे 'साढ़े तीन बजे हैं' या 'सवा चार हुए हैं'। पुर्तगाली में भी यह काफी आसान है, बस इसमें थोड़े से 'नियम' हैं जिनका हमें ध्यान रखना होगा। सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बात जो तुम्हें समझनी है, वह है 'Gender' (लिंग) का खेल। हिंदी में हम समय के लिए 'बजा' या 'बजे' शब्द का इस्तेमाल करते हैं, लेकिन पुर्तगाली में हम 'hora' (घंटा) शब्द का उपयोग करते हैं, जो कि एक 'Feminine' (स्त्रीलिंग) शब्द है।
हिंदी और पुर्तगाली में सबसे बड़ा अंतर यह है कि पुर्तगाली में 'Verb' (क्रिया) का रूप समय के अनुसार बदलता है। यदि एक बज रहा है, तो क्रिया 'É' होगी, और अगर एक से ज्यादा बज रहे हैं, तो 'São' का इस्तेमाल होगा। यह बिल्कुल वैसा ही है जैसे हिंदी में हम 'एक बजा है' (एकवचन) और 'दो बजे हैं' (बहुवचन) कहते हैं। basically, पुर्तगाली में भी यही logic काम करता है। यह grammar इसलिए जरूरी है क्योंकि जब तुम किसी से WhatsApp पर समय पूछोगे या बस स्टैंड पर किसी से पूछोगे 'कितने बजे हैं?', तो तुम्हें सही verb का इस्तेमाल करना होगा। यह topic A1 level के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि यह तुम्हारे daily conversation की नींव रखता है।
### How This Grammar Works
पुर्तगाली में समय बताने के लिए हम 'ser' verb का उपयोग करते हैं। जैसा कि मैंने पहले बताया, 'É' का उपयोग सिर्फ 'एक' (uma) के लिए होता है, और 'São' का उपयोग बाकी सभी घंटों (दो से चौबीस) के लिए। इसे ऐसे सोचो: हिंदी में हम कहते हैं 'एक बजा है' (singular), और 'दो बजे हैं' (plural)। पुर्तगाली में 'É' (It is) और 'São' (They are) ठीक इसी तरह काम करते हैं।
मिनट बताने के लिए हम 'e' (and) का इस्तेमाल करते हैं। उदाहरण के लिए, 2:10 को हम कहेंगे São duas e dez। यहाँ 'duas' स्त्रीलिंग है क्योंकि 'hora' शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है। हिंदी में हम कहते हैं 'दो बजकर दस मिनट', लेकिन पुर्तगाली में 'मिनट' शब्द बोलने की जरूरत ही नहीं पड़ती। बस नंबर बोल दो, काम चल जाएगा!
आधे घंटे के लिए, हम 'meia' शब्द का उपयोग करते हैं, जिसका मतलब है 'आधा' (half)। यह हमेशा स्त्रीलिंग होता है क्योंकि यह 'meia hora' (आधा घंटा) से आया है। तो, 3:30 को कहेंगे São três e meia। अगर तुम कहोगे 'तीन और आधा', तो यह सुनने में थोड़ा अजीब लगेगा, इसलिए 'meia' का प्रयोग करना ही सही तरीका है।
### Formation Pattern
समय बताने का pattern बहुत ही fixed है। इसे याद रखने के लिए नीचे दी गई table देखो:
| समय | Verb | घंटे का नाम | मिनट/connector |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1:00 | É | uma | - |
| 1:10 | É | uma | e dez |
| 2:15 | São | duas | e quinze |
| 8:30 | São | oito | e meia |
देखो, pattern बहुत simple है: [Verb] + [Hour] + [e] + [Minutes]।
  • 1 बजे के लिए: É uma...
  • 2 बजे के लिए: São duas...
  • 3-12 बजे के लिए: São três/quatro/cinco...
बस इतना ही! अगर मिनट 30 से ज्यादा हैं, तो तुम subtractive method भी इस्तेमाल कर सकते हो, जैसे '15 मिनट कम 3 बजे हैं'। Brazilian Portuguese में हम quinze para as três कहते हैं।
### When To Use It
समय बताने का यह तरीका तुम हर जगह इस्तेमाल करोगे। ऑफिस में, दोस्तों के साथ चाय की दुकान पर, या बस का इंतज़ार करते समय।
  1. 1Formal Context: जब तुम ट्रेन या बस का टाइम टेबल देखते हो, तो वहां 24-hour clock का इस्तेमाल होता है। जैसे 14:00 को São catorze horas कहेंगे।
  2. 2Informal Context: दोस्तों के साथ बातचीत में हम 12-hour clock का ही इस्तेमाल करते हैं। लेकिन भ्रम न हो, इसलिए हम da manhã (सुबह), da tarde (दोपहर), और da noite (रात) जोड़ देते हैं। जैसे, 'शाम के 8 बजे' को कहेंगे São oito da noite।
यह बहुत जरूरी है क्योंकि अगर तुम सिर्फ 'oito' बोलोगे, तो सामने वाला कंफ्यूज हो सकता है कि सुबह के 8 या रात के 8। हिंदी में भी हम 'सुबह के 8' या 'रात के 8' बोलते हैं, तो यह concept तुम्हारे लिए बिल्कुल नया नहीं है!
### Common Mistakes
हिंदी बोलने वालों के लिए कुछ गलतियाँ बहुत common हैं:
  1. 1Mistake: 'É duas horas' कहना।
  • Why: हिंदी में हम 'दो' के लिए कोई लिंग नहीं बदलते, इसलिए हमें लगता है कि 'É' (singular) सबके साथ चल जाएगा। लेकिन पुर्तगाली में 'duas' बहुवचन है, इसलिए 'São' लगाना अनिवार्य है।
  1. 1Mistake: 'meio' का प्रयोग करना।
  • Why: हिंदी में 'आधा' पुल्लिंग होता है, इसलिए हम अक्सर 'meio' बोल देते हैं। लेकिन पुर्तगाली में 'meia' का प्रयोग होता है क्योंकि यह 'hora' (स्त्रीलिंग) को refer करता है।
  1. 1Mistake: 'minutos' शब्द का बार-बार इस्तेमाल करना।
  • Why: हिंदी में हम 'दस मिनट' बोलते हैं, इसलिए हम आदतवश पुर्तगाली में भी 'dez minutos' बोल देते हैं। पुर्तगाली में casual बातचीत में 'minutos' शब्द को छोड़ना ज्यादा natural लगता है।
### Contrast With Similar Patterns
| हिंदी structure | पुर्तगाली structure | अंतर |
|---|---|---|
| एक बजा है | É uma hora | 'É' का प्रयोग (singular) |
| दो बजे हैं | São duas horas | 'São' का प्रयोग (plural) |
| साढ़े तीन | Três e meia | 'meia' का स्त्रीलिंग रूप |
देखो, हिंदी में हम 'बजे' शब्द का इस्तेमाल करते हैं जो बदलता नहीं है, लेकिन पुर्तगाली में verb 'ser' का रूप बदलना ही असली चुनौती है।
### Quick FAQ
  1. 1क्या मुझे हमेशा 'horas' शब्द बोलना चाहिए?
  • नहीं, casual बातचीत में तुम इसे छोड़ सकते हो। São duas e dez काफी है।
  1. 112:30 को क्या कहेंगे?
  • É meio-dia e meia (दोपहर) या É meia-noite e meia (रात)।
  1. 1क्या मैं 24-hour format बोल सकता हूँ?
  • हाँ, बिल्कुल! लेकिन यह थोड़ा formal लगता है। दोस्तों के साथ 12-hour format और da tarde/noite का ही प्रयोग करें।
उम्मीद है यह जानकारी तुम्हारे काम आएगी। पुर्तगाली सीखना एक खेल की तरह है, बस नियमों को समझो और practice करते रहो!

Time Formation Table

Hour Verb Connector Minutes
1:00
É
uma
hora
2:00
São
duas
horas
3:10
São
três
e dez
4:15
São
quatro
e quinze
5:30
São
cinco
e meia
6:45
São
seis
e quarenta e cinco

Common Abbreviations

Term Meaning
h
hora
min
minuto
14h
14:00

Meanings

This rule governs how to express the minutes past the hour in Portuguese, requiring agreement with the feminine noun 'hora'.

1

Standard Time

Expressing the current time.

“São cinco e dez.”

“É uma e meia.”

2

Duration

Expressing how long something takes.

“Demora dez minutos.”

“Faltam cinco minutos.”

Reference Table

Reference table for समय बताना: पुर्तगाली में मिनट
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
São + [hour] + e + [min]
São duas e dez
Singular
É + uma + e + [min]
É uma e cinco
Question
Que horas são?
Que horas são?
Negative
Não são...
Não são duas ainda
Formal
24h format
São 14:30
Remaining
Faltam + [min] + para + [hour]
Faltam dez para as três

औपचारिकता का स्तर

औपचारिक
Que horas são, por favor?

Que horas são, por favor? (Asking time)

तटस्थ
Que horas são?

Que horas são? (Asking time)

अनौपचारिक
Tem horas?

Tem horas? (Asking time)

बोलचाल
Qual a boa?

Qual a boa? (Asking time)

Time Components

Time

Verbs

  • É It is (1)
  • São It is (2-12)

Connectors

  • e and
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

São duas e dez.

It is 2:10.

2

É uma e cinco.

It is 1:05.

3

São três e vinte.

It is 3:20.

4

São quatro e quarenta.

It is 4:40.

1

Que horas são?

What time is it?

2

A aula começa às oito.

The class starts at eight.

3

São dez e meia.

It is 10:30.

4

Faltam dez para as cinco.

It is ten to five.

1

O trem sai às 14h30.

The train leaves at 14:30.

2

Chegarei às duas e quinze.

I will arrive at 2:15.

3

São quase três horas.

It is almost three o'clock.

4

São exatamente cinco e doze.

It is exactly 5:12.

1

A reunião foi remarcada para as dez e meia.

The meeting was rescheduled for 10:30.

2

Ele chegou às sete e quarenta e cinco.

He arrived at 7:45.

3

São horas de ir embora.

It is time to leave.

4

O evento termina às vinte e duas horas.

The event ends at 22:00.

1

São horas mortas da madrugada.

It is the dead of night.

2

A partida decorre às vinte e uma horas.

The match takes place at 21:00.

3

São cinco para as seis, em ponto.

It is five to six, sharp.

4

Não são horas de telefonar.

This is not the time to call.

1

Às tantas da noite, tudo se acalma.

At such a late hour, everything calms down.

2

São horas que não se contam.

Time that isn't counted.

3

O relógio marca as doze e um minuto.

The clock marks 12:01.

4

São horas de se tomar uma decisão.

It is time to make a decision.

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

Telling Time: Minutes in Portuguese बनाम Ser vs Faltar

Learners mix up 'it is' and 'it is missing'.

Telling Time: Minutes in Portuguese बनाम 12h vs 24h

Mixing formats in one sentence.

Telling Time: Minutes in Portuguese बनाम Meia vs Trinta

Using 'meia' for other minutes.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

✗

São uma e dez

✓

É uma e dez

Use 'É' for one.
✗

São dois e dez

✓

São duas e dez

Hours are feminine.
✗

Duas e dez

✓

São duas e dez

Need the verb.
✗

São duas horas e dez minutos

✓

São duas e dez

Don't need to say 'horas' or 'minutos'.
✗

São 14:30

✓

São quatorze e trinta

Don't mix formats.
✗

Falta dez para as duas

✓

Faltam dez para as duas

Verb must agree with minutes.
✗

Às 2:00

✓

Às duas

Use words for time.
✗

É meio dia e trinta

✓

É meio-dia e meia

Agreement with 'hora'.
✗

São 15h e 30

✓

São 15h30

Standard notation.
✗

O evento é em 5 horas

✓

O evento é daqui a 5 horas

Time until.
✗

São horas de comer

✓

É hora de comer

Singular idiomatic.
✗

São 22 horas

✓

São vinte e duas horas

Formal writing.
✗

O relógio marca as 12

✓

O relógio marca as doze

Formal style.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

São ___ e ___.

A aula é às ___.

Faltam ___ para as ___.

Eu cheguei às ___.

Real World Usage

Social Media constant

Live às 20h!

Texting constant

Chego às 5.

Job Interview very common

A reunião será às 9h.

Travel common

O voo sai às 15h30.

Food Delivery common

Entrega prevista para as 19h.

Classroom very common

A aula termina às 10h.

सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
💡

The 'Meia' Rule

Only use 'meia' for 30 minutes. For other numbers, use the full number.
⚠️

Don't drop the verb

Always say 'São' or 'É'. Never just say the numbers.
🎯

24h Format

In Brazil, use 24h format for all written schedules to avoid confusion.
💬

Regional 'Quarter'

In Portugal, 'um quarto' is common for 15 minutes; in Brazil, use 'quinze'.

Smart Tips

Use 'meia' instead of 'trinta' for a more natural sound.

São três e trinta. → São três e meia.

Always add 'por favor' to be polite.

Que horas são? → Que horas são, por favor?

Use the 24h format to avoid ambiguity.

Vejo você às 8. → Vejo você às 20h.

Use 'faltam' to sound more advanced.

São cinco e cinquenta. → Faltam dez para as seis.

उच्चारण

sã-oh

São

The 'ão' is nasal.

eh

É

Open vowel sound.

Question

Que horas são? ↑

Rising intonation for questions.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Remember: 'É' is for one, 'São' for the rest, and 'e' connects the minutes like a bridge.

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a clock face where the number 1 is a single candle (É) and all other numbers are a group of people (São).

Rhyme

Para uma hora, usamos o É, para as outras, o São é o que é.

Story

Maria looked at the clock. It was 1:00, so she said 'É uma'. Then time passed, it became 2:00, so she said 'São duas'. She added 'e dez' to be precise.

Word Web

horaminutorelógioponteirosegundotempo

चैलेंज

Look at your watch every hour today and say the time out loud in Portuguese.

सांस्कृतिक नोट्स

Very casual with time, often using 12-hour format in speech.

More formal, often uses 'um quarto' for 15 minutes.

Similar to Portugal, formal time keeping is common.

Derived from Latin 'hora', meaning hour.

बातचीत की शुरुआत

“

Que horas são?

“

A que horas você acorda?

“

Você prefere o formato de 24 horas?

“

Como você organiza seu tempo?

डायरी विषय

Describe your morning routine using times.
Write about a time you were late.
Compare your schedule with a friend's.
Reflect on the importance of punctuality.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

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Test Yourself

Fill in the verb.

___ duas e dez.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São
Plural hours use 'São'.
Choose the correct time. बहुविकल्पी

It is 1:05.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: É uma e cinco
1:00 uses 'É'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

São dois e dez.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São duas e dez
Hours must be feminine.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São três e dez
Standard order.
Translate to Portuguese. अनुवाद

It is 4:30.

Answer starts with: São...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São quatro e meia
Meia is standard for 30.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

We use 'É' for 1:00.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Correct.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Que horas são? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São cinco.
Verb agreement.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use 'faltar' for 5:50.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faltam dez para as seis
Faltam agrees with minutes.

Score: /8

अभ्यास प्रश्न

8 exercises
Fill in the verb.

___ duas e dez.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São
Plural hours use 'São'.
Choose the correct time. बहुविकल्पी

It is 1:05.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: É uma e cinco
1:00 uses 'É'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

São dois e dez.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São duas e dez
Hours must be feminine.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

e / são / dez / três

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São três e dez
Standard order.
Translate to Portuguese. अनुवाद

It is 4:30.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São quatro e meia
Meia is standard for 30.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

We use 'É' for 1:00.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Correct.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Que horas são? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São cinco.
Verb agreement.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use 'faltar' for 5:50.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faltam dez para as seis
Faltam agrees with minutes.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Reorder to say 3:15 Sentence Reorder

quinze / e / são / três

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São três e quinze
Translate to Portuguese: It's 1:30. अनुवाद

It's 1:30.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: É uma e meia.
How do you say 10:50 in a subtractive way? बहुविकल्पी

It's 10:50:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dez para as onze.
Fill in the correct verb. खाली जगह भरो

___ seis e quarenta.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São
Match the digital time to the Portuguese words. Match Pairs

Match the following:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 12:00 -> Meio-dia, 00:00 -> Meia-noite, 13:00 -> Uma hora
Fix the mistake: It's 2:00 sharp. Error Correction

São duas em ponto.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São duas em ponto.
Which is more common in Brazil for 4:45? बहुविकल्पी

4:45 in Brazil:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quinze para as cinco.
Fill in the blank: It's 12:30 (Noon). खाली जगह भरो

Meio-dia e ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: meia
Translate: 5:05 अनुवाद

5:05

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São cinco e cinco.
Reorder: It's 7:20 Sentence Reorder

vinte / sete / são / e

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: São sete e vinte

Score: /10

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)

Because 'hora' is feminine. We are saying 'duas (horas)'.

Yes, in writing, but in speech, we say 'São duas horas'.

Yes, 'meia' is short for 'meia hora'.

Use 'quinze' in Brazil or 'um quarto' in Portugal.

It is 'É uma e meia'.

No, it is implied.

Yes, especially when the time is close to the next hour.

We use 'ser' for time, never 'estar'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

अभ्यास करने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Son las dos y diez

Spanish uses 'y', Portuguese uses 'e'.

French moderate

Il est deux heures dix

Portuguese changes verb based on number.

German low

Es ist zehn nach zwei

Prepositional vs additive structure.

Japanese low

Ni-ji juppun

No verb 'to be' required.

Arabic moderate

Al-sa'a ithnatan wa 'ashr

Different word order.

Chinese low

Liang dian shi fen

No verb agreement.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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पुर्तगाली महीने और उनका लिंग (हमेशा पुल्लिंग!)

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