Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of claiming your world in German with possessive pronouns.
- Identify the correct possessive pronoun for different owners.
- Match pronouns to the gender of the object owned.
- Apply the accusative case ending for masculine direct objects.
学べること
Hey there, language champion! Ready to get one step closer to mastering German? In this chapter, we're going to learn an incredibly practical skill: how to say something is mine, yours, or his/hers. How often do you want to talk about your belongings, like
This is my phoneor "That's her coffee"? This chapter is exactly for that! We'll learn how to make
mein (my) act like a chameleon, matching the gender and case of the noun it describes. Don't worry, it's easier than you think! Then we'll move on to dein (your), perfect for chatting with friends and family, and see how it changes just like mein. Next up, we'll tackle sein (his) and ihr (her), understanding how they connect to both the owner and the gender of the item being owned. And here's a cool little detail: when a masculine noun is the direct object in a sentence, we add a small -en to mein – it's super neat!
By the time you finish this chapter, you'll confidently be able to say things like This is my car,"That's your bag,
or This is his book." Nothing will stop you from talking about all your things in German and making the world your own! Let's go!
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ドイツ語の所有格:私の (mein)「mein」は、まるでカメレオンのように、それが説明する名詞の性別や格に合わせて形を変えるんです!だから「mein」「meine」「meinen」を使い分けましょう。
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あなたの(親しい間柄) (dein)友達や家族には「dein」を使ってね!その名詞の「性別」や「格」に合わせて形を変えるのを忘れないでね。「dein」で、「君の」ものをドイツ語で表現できるようになります!
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ドイツ語の所有限定詞:彼の・彼女の (sein/ihr)持ち主に合わせて「sein」や「ihr」を選び、持っている物の性別に合わせて語尾を変えましょう。キーワードは「sein」「ihr」「-e」です。
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私の、君の、彼の!対格の所有代名詞 (mein, meine, meinen)「mein」は、目的語が「男性名詞」の時だけ「-en」を付けて「meinen」になるよ。それ以外は「mein」か「meine」のままだね!
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: describe items using mein, dein, sein, and ihr.
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2
By the end you will be able to: correctly use the accusative suffix -en for masculine objects.
チャプターガイド
Overview
my, your, and his/her in German is absolutely essential for building confidence and interacting naturally.How This Grammar Works
my book is mein Buch (neuter, nominative), but my car is mein Auto (neuter, nominative), and my pen is mein Stift (masculine, nominative). Notice how mein stays the same in these nominative examples.My, My, My! Possessives in the Accusative Caserule comes into play.
I have my bookis
Ich habe mein Buch(nominative, unaffected), but
I see my penbecomes
Ich sehe meinen Stift(accusative, masculine). This is a key takeaway for A1 German grammar.
his book is sein Buch, and her book is ihr Buch.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong:
Das ist mein Tasche.
Das ist meine Tasche.
Tasche (bag) is feminine. Possessive pronouns like mein must agree with the gender of the noun. For feminine nouns in the nominative case, the ending for mein is -e.- 1✗ Wrong:
Ich sehe mein Auto.
Ich sehe mein Auto.
Auto (car) is neuter, and mein doesn't change in the nominative, the sentence Ich sehe mein Autois actually correct! The mistake would be changing it unnecessarily. The rule about adding -en to mein only applies to masculine nouns in the accusative case.
- 1✗ Wrong:
Das ist sein Buch.
Das ist sein Buch.
Buch (book) in the nominative.Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
What is the difference between mein and meine in A1 German grammar?
Mein is used before masculine and neuter nouns in the nominative case. Meine is used before feminine and plural nouns in the nominative case.
How do I say your in German for a friend?
You use the informal possessive pronoun dein. Like mein, it changes its ending to match the noun's gender and case.
When do I add -en to mein in German?
You add -en to mein (making it meinen) when it precedes a masculine noun that is in the accusative case (acting as the direct object of the verb).
What are the possessive pronouns for his and her in German?
For his, you use sein. For her, you use ihr. Both follow the same rules of gender and case agreement as mein and dein.
Cultural Context
This is my... is perfectly normal.重要な例文 (8)
ヒントとコツ (4)
複数名詞の裏ワザ
Das sind meine Freunde.
冠詞一致のコツ
dein Haus, das ist deine Lampe.」名詞がボス!
「-en」のルール
Ich suche meinen Schlüssel.
重要な語彙 (5)
Real-World Preview
At the Office
Review Summary
- mein/dein + noun
- meinen/deinen/seinen/ihren + masc noun
よくある間違い
Stift is masculine and the direct object here, so it needs the -en ending.
Tasche is feminine, requiring the -e ending for possessives.
Auto is neuter, so 'ihr' does not need an extra -e.
このチャプターのルール (4)
Next Steps
You have done an amazing job navigating these grammar rules! Keep practicing and you'll be speaking German naturally in no time.
Label items in your room with sticky notes using German possessives.
クイック練習 (10)
Choose the correct way to say 'Maria calls her sister':
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の所有限定詞:彼の・彼女の (sein/ihr)
Find and fix the mistake:
Ich habe mein {der|m} Schlüssel vergessen.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の所有格:私の (mein)
Find and fix the mistake:
Lukas liebt sein Freundin.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の所有限定詞:彼の・彼女の (sein/ihr)
Find and fix the mistake:
Ich sehe dein Hund.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: あなたの(親しい間柄) (dein)
Ich suche ___ Schlüssel {der|m}.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 私の、君の、彼の!対格の所有代名詞 (mein, meine, meinen)
Find and fix the mistake:
Ich habe mein Laptop {der|m} verloren.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 私の、君の、彼の!対格の所有代名詞 (mein, meine, meinen)
You are asking a friend about their keys (plural).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: あなたの(親しい間柄) (dein)
「I see my cat {die|f}」の正しい文はどれですか?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 私の、君の、彼の!対格の所有代名詞 (mein, meine, meinen)
Das ist ___ {der|m} Vater.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の所有格:私の (mein)
「My sister is here」に合う正しい文はどれですか?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ドイツ語の所有格:私の (mein)
Score: /10
よくある質問 (6)
meine Schwester です。dein Haus?」と「Ist das deine Tasche?」のように使います。Ihr Buch, Frau Müller?」