Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'being' + a past participle to describe an action happening to you without mentioning who is doing it.
- Use 'being' + V3 after verbs like 'enjoy', 'hate', or 'avoid'. Example: 'I enjoy being pampered.'
- Place 'not' before 'being' for the negative form. Example: 'He complained about not being invited.'
- Use it after prepositions like 'of', 'about', or 'for'. Example: 'She is afraid of being watched.'
Overview
being watched（見られている）ような奇妙な感覚を覚えたことはありませんか？あるいは、完璧だと思ったデートの後に being ghosted（既読スルー/音信不通にされる）ことに不満を感じたことは？それがまさに「受動態の動名詞（Passive Gerund）」です。この文法の核心は、自らアクションを起こすのではなく、アクションを「受ける」体験にあります。普通の動名詞 watching（見ること）を使うときは、あなたが双眼鏡を持っている側です。しかし、being watched（見られること）に切り替えると、あなたは「なぜあの人は私をじっと見ているのだろう」と不思議に思う側になります。英語では、人や物がどのように扱われるかに焦点を当てたいときにこれを使います。私たちは常に主導権を握っているわけではないので、日常生活で非常によく使われます。時には単に being driven（車で送られる側）になることもありますよね。これは、誰がその行動をしたかが重要でない場合や、少しミステリアスに表現したいときに便利です。「主人公エネルギー」の文法と考えてください。すべては「あなたに」何が起きているか、なのです。How This Grammar Works
eating（食べること）、sleeping（眠ること）、TikTokを3時間 scrolling（スクロールすること）などです。これらは、あなたが積極的に行っているアクションです。では、立場を逆転させてみましょう。あなたがスクロールするのではなく、あなたが being scrolled（スクロールされる）投稿であると想像してください。この切り替えを行うには、動詞 be を動名詞の形 being に変え、それに過去分詞（done, seen, invited などの動詞の第3変化形）を組み合わせます。なぜわざわざこんな言い方をするのでしょうか？「人が私にあれこれ言うのが嫌だ」と言うのは、少し攻撃的だったり説明的すぎたりすることがあります。「I hate being told（あれこれ言われるのが嫌だ）」と言うことで、自分の感情やその迷惑な体験自体に焦点を当て続けることができます。カメラのズームレンズのようなものです。背景（アクションを起こした人々）をぼかし、主題（あなた）にピントを合わせます。このパターンは、特定の動詞（love, hate, enjoy, avoid など）の後や、前置詞（of, about, for）の後、さらには文の主語として現れます。
Formation Pattern
enjoy, tired of, avoid）から始めます。
being という言葉を加えます（これは主語が誰であっても変わりません）。
seen, asked, promoted）。
主語 + 動詞 + being + 過去分詞
She loves being pampered（彼女は甘やかされるのが大好きだ）
前置詞 + being + 過去分詞
He’s worried about being fired（彼はクビになるのを心配している）
being + 過去分詞 + 残りの文
Being recognized in public...（公の場で気づかれることは……）not を置くだけです。The best part of the job is not being supervised（この仕事の最高なところは監視されないことだ）
When To Use It
- SNSとテクノロジー: デジタルの世界では、受ける側になることが多いです。「勝手なキャンペーンに
being tagged（タグ付けされる）のはもううんざりだ」や「既読スルー（being lefton read）されることほど最悪なことはない」。 - 職場のドラマ: プロフェッショナルな場面では受動的な構造が好まれます。「昇進を見送られた（
being passedover）ことについて彼は言及した」。Zoom会議でも使えます。「会議で急に話を振られる（being puton the spot）のは嫌いだ」。 - 個人の好み: 自分がどう扱われたいかを話すときによく使います。「誕生日にサプライズをされる（
being surprised）のが好きだ」や「嘘をつかれる（being liedto）のは我慢できない」。 - 報告されるアクション (C1レベル): 誰がしたかを特定せずに過去のことを報告するときに使います。「その有名人はクラブで目撃された（
being seen）ことを否定した」。これが「受動報告」の側面です。 - 旅行とロジスティクス: 「空港で遅延に巻き込まれる（
Being delayed）のは文字通り悪夢だ」。
Common Mistakes
being を忘れることや、間違った動詞の形を使うことです。Beのミス:beingの代わりにbeを使ってしまう。
I enjoy be invited...
I enjoy being invited...- 過去分詞の問題: 過去分詞ではなく原形を使ってしまう。
being asked..."- 能動 vs 受動の混乱: 意味が逆になってしまう。
The cat likes stroking（猫が撫でるのが好き）
The cat likes being stroked（猫は撫でられるのが好き）Contrast With Similar Patterns
受動態の動名詞を、受動態の不定詞や能動態の動名詞と混同しがちです。
being seen) vs 受動態の不定詞 (to be seen): 直前の動詞によって決まります。I enjoy being seen（enjoyは動名詞をとる） vs I want to be seen（wantは不定詞をとる）。I like inviting（招待するのが好き＝主催者） vs I like being invited（招待されるのが好き＝ゲスト）。Quick FAQ
being の代わりに getting を使えますか？
はい、カジュアルな会話では！
I hate getting stuck in traffic はよく使われます。
悪いことにしか使えませんか？
いいえ！
Being loved is the best誰がしたかを言う必要はありますか？
普通は言いません。どうしても言いたいときは by を使います。
Formation of the Passive Gerund
| Type | Formula | Example Verb | Resulting Phrase |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
being + V3
|
praise
|
being praised
|
|
Negative
|
not + being + V3
|
invite
|
not being invited
|
|
With Preposition
|
prep + being + V3
|
watch
|
of being watched
|
|
As Subject
|
Being + V3 + verb
|
ignore
|
Being ignored hurts.
|
|
With Possessive
|
possessive + being + V3
|
promote
|
his being promoted
|
Meanings
The passive gerund is used to describe an action that is performed upon the subject of the gerund, rather than the subject performing the action themselves. It functions as a noun in the sentence.
Emotional Response
Expressing how one feels about an action they receive.
“She loves being complimented on her work.”
“Most people detest being lied to.”
Prepositional Object
Used after a preposition to show the recipient of an action.
“He is tired of being treated like a child.”
“They apologized for not being prepared.”
Subject of a Sentence
Using the passive experience as the main topic.
“Being ignored is worse than being criticized.”
“Being chosen for the team was his greatest achievement.”
Reference Table
| 能動態の動名詞 | 受動態の動名詞 | 意味 (主語は...) |
|---|---|---|
|
telling
|
being told
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
|
criticizing
|
being criticized
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
|
recognizing
|
being recognized
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
|
giving
|
being given
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
|
including
|
being included
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
|
watching
|
being watched
|
アクションを行う / アクションを受ける
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
I take exception to being ignored by my colleagues. (Social/Professional interaction)
I don't like being ignored. (Social/Professional interaction)
I hate being ghosted. (Social/Professional interaction)
Being left on read is the worst. (Social/Professional interaction)
受動態の動名詞：Being Done
形成
- `being` 助動詞
- `past participle` 主動詞（例：done, told）
主な使い方
- After Prepositions 例：`about being told`
- After Verbs + Gerund 例：`enjoy being praised`
- Emphasize Recipient 誰が受けるかを強調する
- Conciseness まどろっこしい節を避ける
対比
- Active Gerund 能動態の動名詞（主語が行う）
- Passive Infinitive 受動態の不定詞（動詞が異なる）
能動態 vs. 受動態の動名詞
受動態の動名詞をいつ使うか？
動詞が、先行する動詞や前置詞のために動名詞（-ingで終わる）になっていますか？
動名詞の主語は、アクションを行うのではなく、「受けて」いますか？
感情と受動態の動名詞
ポジティブな感情
- • `enjoy being praised`
- • `love being given`
- • `appreciate being included`
ネガティブな感情
- • `hate being ignored`
- • `complain about being told`
- • `worry about being judged`
中立/客観的
- • `risk being damaged`
- • `avoid being seen`
- • `focus on being understood`
レベル別の例文
I like being helped.
Me gusta que me ayuden.
He hates being late.
Él odia llegar tarde.
Do you like being here?
¿Te gusta estar aquí?
She likes being a student.
A ella le gusta ser estudiante.
I enjoy being told stories.
Disfruto que me cuenten historias.
She is afraid of being alone.
Ella tiene miedo de estar sola.
He doesn't mind being asked questions.
A él no le importa que le hagan preguntas.
They like being called by their names.
Les gusta que los llamen por sus nombres.
I'm tired of being treated like a child.
Estoy cansado de que me traten como a un niño.
She complained about not being invited to the party.
Ella se quejó de no haber sido invitada a la fiesta.
Being chosen for the role was a surprise.
Ser elegido para el papel fue una sorpresa.
He avoided being seen by his boss.
Evitó ser visto por su jefe.
The celebrity was used to being followed by paparazzi.
La celebridad estaba acostumbrada a ser seguida por paparazzi.
He insisted on being kept informed of any changes.
Insistió en ser mantenido informado de cualquier cambio.
Being misunderstood is a common problem for new writers.
Ser malinterpretado es un problema común para los nuevos escritores.
She was proud of being nominated for the award.
Estaba orgullosa de ser nominada para el premio.
The diplomat resented being questioned about his private life.
El diplomático resintió ser cuestionado sobre su vida privada.
Despite being warned of the risks, they proceeded with the experiment.
A pesar de ser advertidos de los riesgos, procedieron con el experimento.
The candidate's success was attributed to his being perceived as honest.
El éxito del candidato se atribuyó a que era percibido como honesto.
I loathe being made to wait in long queues.
Detesto que me hagan esperar en largas colas.
The protagonist's existential dread stems from the fear of being forgotten by history.
El pavor existencial del protagonista surge del miedo a ser olvidado por la historia.
There is a subtle distinction between being ignored and being actively shunned.
Hay una sutil distinción entre ser ignorado y ser activamente rechazado.
The legislation aims to protect citizens from being exploited by predatory lenders.
La legislación tiene como objetivo proteger a los ciudadanos de ser explotados por prestamistas depredadores.
His entire worldview was shaken upon being confronted with the evidence.
Toda su visión del mundo se vio sacudida al ser confrontado con la evidencia.
間違えやすい
Learners don't know whether to use 'being done' or 'to be done'.
In British English, 'The car needs washing' means 'The car needs to be washed'.
Confusing 'I am being watched' (tense) with 'I hate being watched' (gerund).
よくある間違い
I like being help.
I like being helped.
He is afraid of be watched.
He is afraid of being watched.
I enjoy to be invited.
I enjoy being invited.
He resented being not told.
He resented not being told.
文型パターン
I can't stand being ___.
She is terrified of being ___.
Being ___ is a part of the job.
He insisted on being ___ immediately.
Real World Usage
I don't mind being given constructive criticism.
I love being tagged in your travel photos!
I'm calling about being overcharged on my last bill.
The right to avoid being incriminated.
He's worried about being ghosted again.
She is nervous about being operated on.
誰が行動を「受ける」か確認しましょう
Is the subject doing the action, or receiving it?
'being' を忘れないでください
I enjoy being given gifts
簡潔さが重要です
文脈が全てです
She dislikes being disturbed.
前置詞がヒントになります
Worried about being observed.
Smart Tips
Use the passive gerund to focus on your experience.
Memorize the 'Gerund Verbs' list (enjoy, avoid, mind, suggest). These ALWAYS take 'being'.
Use passive gerunds to describe your preferences or soft skills.
Remember: Preposition + Gerund is an absolute rule. If it's passive, it must be 'being + V3'.
発音
Linking 'Being'
In natural speech, the 'g' in 'being' often links to the following vowel if the past participle starts with one.
Stress Pattern
The stress usually falls on the past participle, not on 'being'.
Frustration Intonation
I'm TIRED of being LIED to! ↘
Falling intonation at the end emphasizes the negative emotion.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Remember 'B.P.' — Being + Participle. Like a 'Blood Pressure' check for your sentence's health!
視覚的連想
Imagine yourself sitting in a chair while a robot paints your portrait. You aren't painting; you are 'being painted.' The focus is on you, the recipient.
Rhyme
When you're the one who gets the deed, 'Being' and 'V3' are all you need.
Story
A famous actor hates 'being followed' by cameras. He enjoys 'being left' alone. One day, instead of 'being recognized,' he wore a mask to avoid 'being spotted.'
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write three sentences about things you hate happening to you at work or school using 'I can't stand being...'
文化メモ
British speakers often use the passive gerund to sound polite and indirect, especially when complaining. 'I don't much care for being kept waiting' is a classic polite British complaint.
In US business settings, the passive gerund is used to discuss 'being empowered' or 'being mentored,' focusing on the employee's development as a recipient of company resources.
In global academic writing, the passive gerund is used to maintain 'objectivity' by removing the researcher from the sentence.
The gerund itself comes from Old English, but the passive gerund construction (being + V3) developed much later, around the 18th century.
会話のきっかけ
What is something you really enjoy being told by your friends?
Have you ever avoided being seen by someone you knew in public?
In your opinion, is being respected more important than being liked?
How do you feel about being recorded during a presentation?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
She doesn't like ___ what to do all the time.
being told が正しいです。Find and fix the mistake:
He complained for ignoring by his colleagues.
being ignored が必要です。Choose the correct sentence:
being recognized が正しい形です。Translate into English: 'I dislike it when people stare at me.' (Use a passive gerund.)
Answer starts with: ["I...
being stared at を使うことで、これを自然に表現できます。Score: /4
練習問題
8 exercisesHe is afraid of ___ (catch) by the police.
I really enjoy ___ to dinner by my friends.
Find and fix the mistake:
She complained about not being tell the truth.
I hate ___.
The passive gerund can be used as the subject of a sentence.
A: Why are you so upset? B: I'm just tired of ___ like I don't know anything.
Select the correct phrase.
Active: 'Telling' matches with...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
11 exercisesShe is afraid of ___ alone at night.
Despite ___ by her strict parents, she pursued her dream.
The children were excited about receiving gifts.
I remember tell a secret by my best friend.
Which sentence uses the passive gerund correctly?
Which sentence is grammatically sound?
Translate into English: 'Me molesta que me interrumpan.'
Translate into English: 'Él odia que le mientan.'
これらの単語を並べ替えて文を作りましょう。
これらの単語を並べ替えて文を作りましょう。
能動態の動名詞フレーズを、受動態の動名詞の同等なものと組み合わせましょう。
Score: /11
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, but that's not a passive gerund. 'I like being happy' is just the gerund of the verb 'to be' followed by an adjective. A passive gerund must have a past participle (V3) like `being helped`.
The first is the present passive gerund (general/now), and the second is the perfect passive gerund (completed past). Use `having been done` when the timing of the past action is important.
Both are correct! 'Like' can take either a gerund or an infinitive. However, 'enjoy' only takes the gerund: `I enjoy being helped`.
This is a special rule for the verb 'need'. In British English, `need + -ing` has a passive meaning. You can say `needs to be washed` too, but `needs washing` is very common.
Yes! It's very common. `He avoided being recognized by wearing a hat.`
In this specific passive structure, yes. Without 'being', the sentence will either be active or grammatically incomplete.
Put 'not' before 'being'. Example: `The best part was not being asked to pay.`
Absolutely. It is very common in academic and legal writing to keep the tone objective and focus on the process rather than the person.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
ser + participio / que + subjuntivo
English uses a single noun-like phrase; Spanish often uses a full subordinate clause.
être + participe passé
French uses the infinitive; English uses the gerund.
zu werden / das ...-werden
German relies more on 'werden' (to become) constructions.
〜れること (reru koto)
Japanese structure is very consistent but requires specific nominalizers.
المصدر المجهول (Al-Masdar al-Majhul)
Arabic changes the internal vowel structure of the noun to indicate the passive.
被 (bèi) + Verb
Chinese lacks tense and mood markers on the verb itself.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
Continue With
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