このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A2 verb #3,500 よく出る 9分で読める

componer

上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント componer 30秒で

解説 componer in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the most basic meaning of 'componer': to create music. You will mostly use it in the present tense to describe hobbies or simple actions. For example, 'Yo compongo música' (I compose music). It is important to start noticing that it is irregular in the 'yo' form (compongo). You don't need to worry about the 'repairing' meaning yet, as 'arreglar' is easier to use at this stage. Just think of it as the word for what a musician does. You might also see it in simple descriptions of groups, like 'El grupo tiene...' instead of 'se compone de', but 'componer' is a good word to recognize when reading about famous artists like Mozart or Shakira. Focus on the infinitive and the 'yo' form for now.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you begin to expand the use of 'componer' to include 'fixing' or 'repairing' things, especially if you are interacting with people from Mexico or Central America. You should be able to use it for simple household items: 'Tengo que componer mi silla' (I have to fix my chair). You should also learn the past participle 'compuesto' because you will start using the present perfect tense ('He compuesto una canción'). This is also the level where you should start using the reflexive 'se compone de' to describe simple things, like the ingredients of a dish or the members of a family, though 'tiene' is still acceptable. You should also be aware of the preterite forms like 'compuse' and 'compuso', even if you still make some mistakes with them.

By B1, you are expected to use 'componer' with more confidence across its different meanings. You should be comfortable with the irregular preterite stem 'compus-' and the future stem 'compondr-'. You will use 'componer' to talk about more abstract things, like 'componer una situación' (to fix a situation/dispute). You should also start using 'componerse' to talk about someone recovering from an illness ('Espero que te compongas pronto'). At this level, you should distinguish between 'arreglar' (general fixing) and 'componer' (artistic creation or regional fixing). You might also encounter it in the subjunctive mood: 'Espero que él componga una buena canción' (I hope he composes a good song). Your vocabulary is becoming more nuanced, and you use 'componer' to sound more natural and less like a basic learner.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, 'componer' becomes a tool for precise description. You use 'se compone de' frequently in academic or professional writing to describe structures, organizations, or chemical compositions. You understand the passive voice applications, such as 'La obra fue compuesta en 1820'. You also recognize and can use the reflexive 'componerse' in the sense of 'to dress up' or 'to groom oneself' formally. You are aware of the regional nuances and can switch between 'arreglar' and 'componer' depending on who you are talking to. You also start to see the word in more complex idioms and common phrases. Your conjugation should be near-perfect, including the tricky future and conditional forms like 'compondría'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At C1, you use 'componer' with the subtlety of a native speaker. You use it in literary contexts, perhaps describing how a poet 'compone' their verses with specific meter and rhyme. You are familiar with the more obscure meanings, such as 'componer' meaning to reconcile two people who have argued. You use the reflexive 'componerse' to describe someone regaining their emotional composure after a shock ('Se compuso rápidamente tras la noticia'). You can read complex technical or legal texts where 'componer' defines the constituent parts of a legal entity or a complex mechanical system. You understand the etymological connection to 'poner' and can use other related words like 'compostura' or 'componente' with ease in sophisticated conversations.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, 'componer' is a word you can manipulate for stylistic effect. You understand its historical usage in classical literature and can use it in highly formal speeches or academic papers. You might use it to describe the 'composition' of a painting or a photograph, discussing how the elements 'componen' the visual field. You are aware of rare idiomatic expressions and can use the verb in a variety of moods and tenses without a second thought. You might use it in a philosophical sense to discuss what 'compone' the human soul or the universe. Your mastery is such that you can explain the subtle difference between 'componer', 'integrar', 'formar', and 'constituir' to other learners, choosing the exact right word for the specific register and context of your communication.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

componer 30秒で

Componer primarily means to compose music or literature, but also commonly means to fix or repair things in many regions.
It is an irregular verb that follows the conjugation patterns of 'poner', including a 'g' in the present 'yo' form.
When used reflexively as 'se compone de', it translates to 'is composed of' or 'consists of' for describing structures.
The past participle is 'compuesto', which is essential for perfect tenses and as an adjective meaning 'composed' or 'fixed'.

The Spanish verb componer is a multifaceted word that English speakers often encounter early in their journey, though its full range of meanings develops as one progresses through the CEFR levels. At its core, the word carries the essence of 'putting things together' or 'bringing order to a state of disorder.' This duality makes it essential for both artistic and practical conversations. When you are talking about the creative arts, componer is the direct equivalent of 'to compose.' Whether it is a haunting melody, a complex symphony, or a poignant poem, the act of creation through the arrangement of elements is always described with this verb. For instance, a songwriter doesn't just 'make' a song; they componen a piece of music, implying a level of skill and structural arrangement.

Artistic Creation: The act of writing music, poetry, or literary works by arranging notes, words, or ideas into a cohesive whole.

However, moving from the studio to the workshop, componer takes on a very practical, everyday meaning: 'to fix' or 'to repair.' In many Spanish-speaking regions, particularly in Latin America, if your watch stops working or your chair leg breaks, you don't just 'arreglar' it; you compones it. This usage suggests restoring something to its original, functional state. It is a word of restoration. If a relationship is strained, you might also try to componer the situation, suggesting a metaphorical 'fixing' of social ties. This versatility is what makes the verb so powerful; it bridges the gap between the ethereal world of art and the tangible world of mechanics.

El técnico logró componer el televisor viejo en menos de una hora.

Mechanical Repair: Restoring a broken or malfunctioning object to its proper working condition.

Furthermore, the verb is used to describe the composition of a group or an object. In a more formal or scientific context, you will hear it used to say what something is 'composed of' (se compone de). This is vital for describing chemistry, biology, or even the makeup of a political committee. It implies that various distinct parts have come together to form a single entity. In a reflexive sense, componerse can also mean to 'make oneself up' or 'dress up,' similar to the English 'to compose oneself' but with an added layer of physical grooming or recovering from an illness. When someone says 'ya se compuso,' they might mean the person has recovered from a cold or that they have finally fixed their messy appearance.

La orquesta se compone de sesenta músicos profesionales.

Constitutive Use: Describing the individual elements that make up a larger whole or structure.

Using componer correctly requires an understanding of its irregular conjugation, which it inherits directly from its root verb, poner. This is the most common hurdle for learners. In the present tense, the 'yo' form is compongo, not 'compono'. This 'g' insertion is a hallmark of many Spanish verbs and must be memorized. In the preterite, the stem changes entirely to compus-, leading to forms like compuse (I composed/fixed) and compusieron (they composed/fixed). When you are using it to mean 'to fix,' it usually takes a direct object: Compondré el radio (I will fix the radio). Note the future tense also follows poner, using the 'dr' stem: compondré.

Direct Object Usage: When fixing an item or writing music, the item or song is the direct object. Example: 'Ella compone canciones'.

¿Podrías componer esta mesa que se mueve tanto?

When you want to describe what something is made of, you must use the reflexive form componerse followed by the preposition de. This is a very common structure in academic and descriptive Spanish. For example, 'El agua se compone de hidrógeno y oxígeno.' Here, the verb reflects the state of the subject itself. This structure is often more formal than using 'ser de' or 'estar hecho de'. In a social context, componerse can describe someone getting ready or dressing up for an event. 'Se está componiendo para la fiesta' implies they are putting effort into their appearance, perhaps fixing their hair or Choosing a nice outfit.

Reflexive Construction: Used with 'de' to indicate components, or alone to indicate self-improvement or grooming.

Este equipo se compone de los mejores especialistas del país.

Finally, componer is often used in the passive voice or with 'se' impersonal to describe how things are structured. 'Se compuso un gran poema en su honor' (A great poem was composed in his honor). In more colloquial settings, especially in Mexico and Central America, you might hear it used as a command to 'fix' one's behavior: '¡Compónte!' (Behave yourself! / Fix your attitude!). This wide range of sentence patterns—from scientific descriptions to parental scolding—demonstrates why mastering the various shades of componer is a significant milestone for any Spanish student.

If you step into a conservatory or a music school in Madrid or Buenos Aires, componer will be the word of the day. Professors will ask students about their 'composición' and their process of componer. It carries a weight of prestige here; it is about the intellectual and creative labor of building music from scratch. You will hear it in interviews with famous singer-songwriters (cantautores) who discuss how they componen their lyrics before the melody, or vice versa. It is the professional term for creative assembly.

In the Studio: Used by musicians, producers, and writers to discuss the creative process of making art.

Alternatively, travel to a small town in Mexico or Guatemala, and you'll see signs for 'Se componen calzado' (Shoes repaired) or 'Se componen relojes' (Watches fixed). In these contexts, componer is the blue-collar hero of verbs. It’s what the neighborhood handyman (el milusos) does. You’ll hear a mother telling her child, 'Llévale estos zapatos al señor para que los componga' (Take these shoes to the man so he can fix them). It is earthy, practical, and ubiquitous in daily life. In Spain, while 'arreglar' is more common for this, componer still appears in older literature or specific technical manuals.

En ese taller componen todo tipo de electrodomésticos.

In a more formal or academic setting, such as a university lecture or a news broadcast, componer is used to describe the makeup of organizations or substances. A news anchor might say, 'El comité se compone de cinco miembros de diferentes partidos' (The committee is composed of five members from different parties). Here, the word provides a structured, clear description of components. It sounds more professional and precise than simply saying 'tiene' (has). You will also find it in legal documents describing the parts of a contract or the elements of a crime.

In Formal Discourse: Used in news, academia, and law to define the structure or constituents of an entity.

The most frequent mistake learners make with componer is treating it as a regular '-er' verb. Because it looks like 'comer' or 'beber', students often say 'yo compono' or 'él componió'. This is incorrect. You must always remember its parent verb, poner. If you can conjugate 'poner', you can conjugate 'componer'. Another common error is using the wrong preposition with the reflexive form. Many students say 'se compone con' or 'se compone por', but the correct preposition for 'composed of' is always de. Forgetting the 'se' in this context is also a mistake; 'el grupo compone de' is incorrect; it must be 'el grupo se compone de'.

Conjugation Errors: Treating it as regular. Wrong: 'componí'. Right: 'compuse'. Wrong: 'compondré'. Right: 'compondré' (Wait, future is compondré, mistake is thinking 'componeré').

Incorrecto: El aire compone de gases. Correcto: El aire se compone de gases.

Another nuance is the regional difference in meaning. A learner might use componer to mean 'to fix' in a very formal setting in Spain, where it might sound slightly antiquated or overly poetic compared to 'arreglar'. Conversely, using 'arreglar' in a high-level musical discussion might sound too simplistic when componer is the expected technical term. Furthermore, do not confuse componer with comprometer (to commit/compromise). They sound vaguely similar to English ears but have entirely different meanings. Finally, in the reflexive form componerse, ensure you aren't confusing 'recovering from illness' with 'fixing a machine'. Context is key.

When you are looking for alternatives to componer, your choice depends entirely on which 'shade' of the word you are using. If you mean 'to fix,' the most common synonym is arreglar. While arreglar is more general and can apply to fixing a bed, a problem, or a car, componer often implies a more detailed restoration or is preferred in specific regions like Mexico. Another alternative for mechanical things is reparar, which is slightly more formal and technical than arreglar. If you are 'fixing' a situation, you might use solucionar or resolver.

Componer vs. Arreglar: 'Componer' is often used for music or regional 'fixing'; 'Arreglar' is the universal word for 'to fix' or 'to tidy'.

In the context of 'composing' art, crear (to create) is a broader term. While componer specifically refers to the arrangement of parts, crear can mean bringing something into existence from nothing. For writing specifically, you might use escribir (to write) or redactar (to draft/edit). For music, instrumentar or orquestar are more technical terms for arranging music for specific instruments. In the sense of 'forming' a group, constituir and formar are excellent synonyms that appear frequently in formal writing.

Componer vs. Constituir: 'Componer' suggests the elements that make up a whole; 'Constituir' is more formal and often used in legal or official contexts.

En lugar de componer, podrías decir que el agua está formada por dos elementos.

Finally, when using the reflexive componerse to mean 'to recover,' you can use recuperarse or mejorar. While 'se compuso' sounds very natural in many regions, 'se recuperó' is universally understood and slightly more clinical. If you mean 'to dress up,' arreglarse is the most common equivalent. 'Me estoy arreglando para la boda' is much more common than 'Me estoy componiendo,' though the latter is perfectly valid and adds a touch of regional flavor or formal elegance depending on the speaker's origin.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Because it comes from 'ponere', it shares the same 'family tree' as words like 'position', 'posture', and 'opponent'. In Spanish, all verbs ending in '-poner' share the same irregular conjugation.

発音ガイド

UK /kom.po.'ner/

US /kom.po.'ner/

Last syllable (ner) because it ends in 'r'.

韻が合う語

beber comer correr entender leer perder querer saber traer ver

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'com' like English 'come' (should be 'kom').
Putting stress on the second syllable (compOner) instead of the last.
Aspirating the 'p' (releasing a puff of air).
Diphthongizing the 'o' sounds.
Rolling the 'r' too hard (it should be a simple tap).

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize due to English 'compose' cognate.

ライティング 4/5

Difficult due to irregular conjugation patterns (puse, compongo).

スピーキング 3/5

Requires practice to use 'se compone de' naturally.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation, though meanings vary by region.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

poner música canción cosa roto

次に学ぶ

descomponer reparar constituir arreglo creación

上級

yuxtaponer presuponer interponer contraponer compostura

知っておくべき文法

Irregularity inherited from 'poner'

Yo compongo (Present), Yo compuse (Preterite), Yo compondré (Future).

Reflexive 'se' for 'consists of'

El grupo se compone de cinco personas.

Past participle used as adjective

La canción ya está compuesta.

Preposition 'de' with reflexive form

Agua se compone de hidrógeno y oxígeno.

Subjunctive triggers

Dudo que compongan el radio hoy.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Yo quiero componer una canción.

I want to compose a song.

Present infinitive after 'querer'.

¿Tú compones música?

Do you compose music?

Second person singular present tense.

Ella compone poemas muy bonitos.

She composes very pretty poems.

Third person singular present tense.

Nosotros componemos en la escuela.

We compose at school.

First person plural present tense.

Ellos no componen nada.

They don't compose anything.

Negative sentence with 'no'.

Me gusta componer por la tarde.

I like to compose in the afternoon.

Infinitive used with 'gustar'.

Él es músico y compone para cine.

He is a musician and composes for film.

Present tense used to describe a profession.

¿Quieres componer conmigo?

Do you want to compose with me?

Infinitive with prepositional phrase 'conmigo'.

Ayer compuse mi bicicleta.

Yesterday I fixed my bicycle.

Irregular preterite 'yo' form.

Mi tío va a componer el radio.

My uncle is going to fix the radio.

'Ir a' + infinitive for future intent.

He compuesto una melodía nueva.

I have composed a new melody.

Present perfect with irregular participle 'compuesto'.

La ensalada se compone de tomate y lechuga.

The salad is composed of tomato and lettuce.

Reflexive 'se compone de' for ingredients.

¿Ya compusiste la puerta?

Did you already fix the door?

Preterite second person singular.

Ellos compusieron una canción para la fiesta.

They composed a song for the party.

Preterite third person plural.

Mi abuela siempre compone su ropa.

My grandmother always mends her clothes.

Present tense meaning 'to mend/fix'.

Esta mesa se compone de tres partes.

This table is composed of three parts.

Reflexive 'se compone de' for structure.

Espero que compongas algo especial.

I hope you compose something special.

Present subjunctive after 'esperar que'.

Si tuviera tiempo, compondría más.

If I had time, I would compose more.

Conditional mood with 'ir' stem change.

El mecánico compuso el motor rápidamente.

The mechanic fixed the engine quickly.

Preterite third person singular.

La empresa se compone de varios departamentos.

The company is composed of several departments.

Reflexive use for organizational structure.

Cuando se componga del resfriado, iremos al cine.

When she recovers from the cold, we will go to the movies.

Subjunctive after 'cuando' for future events.

No creo que ellos compongan la televisión hoy.

I don't think they will fix the television today.

Negative 'creer' triggering the subjunctive.

Me compuse un poco antes de salir.

I fixed myself up a bit before going out.

Reflexive use for grooming.

Habíamos compuesto la letra antes del ensayo.

We had composed the lyrics before the rehearsal.

Past perfect tense.

La atmósfera se compone principalmente de nitrógeno.

The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen.

Scientific descriptive use of 'se compone de'.

El autor compuso su obra maestra en el exilio.

The author composed his masterpiece in exile.

Preterite indicating a completed historical action.

Dudo que el gobierno componga la economía pronto.

I doubt the government will fix the economy soon.

Subjunctive after 'dudar'.

Se compuso un himno para celebrar la victoria.

An anthem was composed to celebrate the victory.

Passive 'se' construction.

Es necesario que compongas tu actitud.

It is necessary that you fix your attitude.

Impersonal expression + subjunctive.

Aunque compusiera mil canciones, no sería suficiente.

Even if I composed a thousand songs, it wouldn't be enough.

Past subjunctive in a concessive clause.

El jurado se compone de expertos internacionales.

The jury is composed of international experts.

Formal description of a group.

Me habré compuesto para cuando llegues.

I will have fixed myself up by the time you arrive.

Future perfect reflexive.

El poema se compone de catorce versos endecasílabos.

The poem is composed of fourteen hendecasyllabic verses.

Technical literary description.

Logró componer los ánimos tras la fuerte discusión.

He managed to calm the spirits after the heated discussion.

Figurative use meaning to reconcile or calm.

La sinfonía fue compuesta bajo el mecenazgo del duque.

The symphony was composed under the patronage of the duke.

True passive voice with 'ser'.

No se compuso hasta que vio que todos estaban a salvo.

He didn't regain his composure until he saw everyone was safe.

Reflexive use for emotional state.

El tejido se compone de fibras sintéticas y naturales.

The fabric is composed of synthetic and natural fibers.

Technical material description.

Habría compuesto el motor si tuviera las herramientas.

I would have fixed the engine if I had the tools.

Conditional perfect with 'si' clause.

Es admirable cómo compone sus discursos políticos.

It is admirable how he composes his political speeches.

Abstract use for intellectual creation.

El equipo se compondrá de los mejores ingenieros.

The team will be composed of the best engineers.

Future tense of 'se compone de'.

La realidad se compone de múltiples capas de percepción.

Reality is composed of multiple layers of perception.

Philosophical/abstract usage.

Apenas se compuso de la impresión, llamó a la policía.

As soon as he recovered from the shock, he called the police.

Reflexive use for psychological recovery.

Compuso su semblante para no mostrar debilidad.

He composed his face so as not to show weakness.

Literary use for controlling facial expressions.

La luz blanca se compone de todos los colores del espectro.

White light is composed of all the colors of the spectrum.

Scientific fact description.

Había que componer el entuerto antes de que fuera tarde.

The wrong had to be righted before it was too late.

Archaic/Literary idiom 'componer un entuerto'.

Se compuso un cuadro desolador de la situación actual.

A bleak picture of the current situation was composed.

Metaphorical use of 'componer un cuadro'.

El universo se compone de materia y energía oscura.

The universe is composed of matter and dark energy.

Advanced cosmological description.

Compuso su vida tras años de absoluto desorden.

He put his life back together after years of absolute disorder.

Metaphorical use for life organization.

よく使う組み合わせ

Componer una canción

Componer el mundo

Componerse de

Componer un aparato

Componer versos

Componer el semblante

Componer una sinfonía

Componer la figura

Componer un entuerto

Componerse pronto

よく使うフレーズ

Mal compuesto

— Badly arranged or in poor condition. Used to describe something that was fixed poorly or is messy.

Ese motor está mal compuesto.

Bien compuesto

— Well-arranged, well-dressed, or in good condition. Can describe a person's appearance or a machine's state.

Vino muy bien compuesto a la cena.

Componer el cuerpo

— To feel better after being hungover, tired, or ill. Usually involves eating something restorative.

Este caldo me va a componer el cuerpo.

Componer la cara

— To put on a brave face or to fix one's expression to hide emotions.

Compuso la cara para que no notaran su tristeza.

Se compone de...

— The standard way to say 'It consists of...' or 'It is made of...'. Essential for descriptions.

Mi familia se compone de cuatro personas.

A componer

— To be fixed. Used when sending something to a repair shop.

Mandé mi reloj a componer.

Compónte

— A command meaning 'Fix yourself up' or 'Behave yourself'. Often said to children.

¡Compónte esa camisa, está toda arrugada!

No tiene compostura

— Something that cannot be fixed, or a person who has no manners/decency.

Este radio ya no tiene compostura.

Componer una disputa

— To settle a disagreement or fix a social problem between people.

Él intentó componer la disputa entre los vecinos.

Componer un poema

— The standard way to say someone is writing poetry.

Ella quiere componer un poema para su madre.

よく混同される語

componer vs Comprometer

English speakers might think it means 'compromise' due to the 'comp-' start, but it means 'to commit' or 'to jeopardize'.

componer vs Comparar

Sounds slightly similar but means 'to compare'.

componer vs Comprar

Beginners sometimes confuse 'componer' with 'comprar' (to buy) due to the first three letters.

慣用句と表現

"Componerse el día"

— When the weather improves or a bad day starts going well. Similar to 'the day is looking up'.

Parece que se está componiendo el día, ya salió el sol.

Informal

"Componer las cuentas"

— To settle financial matters or to fix errors in accounting.

Tenemos que componer las cuentas antes de fin de mes.

Neutral

"Componer el ánimo"

— To cheer someone up or to regain one's own spirits.

Una buena charla le compuso el ánimo.

Neutral

"Componer un entuerto"

— To right a wrong. Very literary/archaic, famously used in Don Quixote.

Salió por el mundo a componer entuertos.

Literary

"Componer la mesa"

— In some regions, it means to set the table or fix it if it's wobbly.

Ayúdame a componer la mesa para la cena.

Regional

"Componerse la boca"

— To watch one's language or stop saying rude things.

¡Compónte la boca antes de hablarle a tu abuela!

Informal

"Componer el paso"

— To fix one's gait or to start behaving correctly after a mistake.

Después del regaño, compuso el paso en el trabajo.

Figurative

"Componerse de salud"

— To get healthy again after an illness.

Se compuso de salud tras las vacaciones.

Neutral

"Componer una mentira"

— To fabricate a lie by putting together different false details.

Compuso una mentira increíble para faltar al trabajo.

Informal

"Componer el camino"

— To get back on the right track in life.

Decidió componer el camino y volver a estudiar.

Figurative

間違えやすい

componer vs Arreglar

Both mean 'to fix'.

'Arreglar' is more common in Spain and is more general. 'Componer' is more common for repairs in Latin America and is the only one used for music composition.

Arreglé mi cuarto (I tidied my room) vs Compuse una canción (I composed a song).

componer vs Reparar

Both mean 'to repair'.

'Reparar' is more technical and formal. 'Componer' can be more colloquial for small household fixes in certain regions.

Repararon el puente vs Compuse mi reloj.

componer vs Formar

Both describe composition.

'Formar' is about the shape or being part of something. 'Componer' is about the elements that constitute the whole.

Formamos una fila vs El agua se compone de hidrógeno.

componer vs Escribir

Both involve creation.

'Escribir' is the physical act of writing. 'Componer' is the artistic act of structuring the piece.

Escribí una carta vs Compuse un poema.

componer vs Mejorar

Both involve getting better.

'Mejorar' is simply 'to improve'. 'Componerse' implies a restoration to a previous good state after being 'broken' or ill.

Mi nota mejoró vs Mi salud se compuso.

文型パターン

Sujeto + componer + sustantivo

Juan compone música.

Sujeto + ir a + componer + sustantivo

Voy a componer mi bici.

Sujeto + se compone de + elementos

El libro se compone de diez capítulos.

Sujeto + haber + compuesto + sustantivo

Ellos han compuesto un gran tema.

Espero que + sujeto + componga + ...

Espero que compongas el televisor.

Sujeto + se compondrá de + elementos

El equipo se compondrá de voluntarios.

Sujeto + compuso + sustantivo + gerundio

Compuso el motor trabajando toda la noche.

Sujeto + se compuso + tras + sustantivo

Se compuso tras el incidente.

語族

名詞

composición (composition)

compositor (composer)

compostura (repair/composure)

componente (component)

componedor (repairer/fixer)

動詞

descomponer (to break down/decompose)

recomponer (to rebuild/recompose)

poner (to put/place)

形容詞

compuesto (composed/compound/fixed)

componible (fixable)

descompuesto (broken/rotted)

使い方

frequency

High in both artistic and everyday repair contexts.

よくある間違い

Yo compono → Yo compongo
The present tense 'yo' form is irregular and adds a 'g'.
Él componió → Él compuso
The preterite uses the irregular stem 'compus-'.
He componido → He compuesto
The past participle is irregular, just like 'puesto'.
Se compone con... → Se compone de...
The verb 'componerse' always takes the preposition 'de' to mean 'composed of'.
Componeré → Compondré
The future tense uses the irregular 'dr' stem.

ヒント

Master the 'Poner' pattern

Since 'componer' is just 'com-' + 'poner', learning the irregularities of 'poner' gives you 'componer', 'proponer', 'suponer', etc., for free.

Art vs. Mechanics

Remember the two main worlds: the world of art (music/poetry) and the world of the workshop (fixing things). This helps categorize the word.

Mexican usage

If you are in Mexico, 'componer' is your go-to word for repairs. It makes you sound much more like a native speaker than 'reparar'.

Describing structure

Use 'se compone de' in your writing to describe the parts of a whole. It sounds much more sophisticated than just using 'tiene'.

Getting better

Use 'se compuso' when someone has recovered from a cold. It sounds caring and natural.

The G-Factor

Remind yourself: 'I compose with a G' (Compongo) to remember the irregular 'yo' form.

Avoid 'Componido'

It's a very common error. Always use 'compuesto'. Think of 'compound' in English to remember the 'st' sound.

Fixing fights

Use 'componer la situación' when trying to mediate a conflict. It implies a constructive effort to restore peace.

Dress to impress

Use 'componerse' when you are putting on your best clothes. It implies 'putting yourself together'.

Fixing the day

If the rain stops, say 'se está componiendo el día'. It's a great way to talk about the weather naturally.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Composer' (musician) who also happens to be a 'Computer' fixer. Both 'compose' and 'fix' are covered by 'componer'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a man sitting at a piano (composing) while simultaneously using a screwdriver to fix the piano's broken leg (repairing).

Word Web

música arreglar canción reparar poema piezas estructura salud

チャレンジ

Try to use 'componer' in three different ways today: once for music, once for fixing a small item, and once to describe a group of friends.

語源

From Latin 'componere', which is a combination of 'com-' (together) and 'ponere' (to put/place). It literally means 'to put together'.

元の意味： To collect, to bring together, to arrange, or to settle.

Romance (Latin origin)

文化的な背景

No major sensitivities, but be aware that 'componerse' for a person can sometimes imply they looked 'broken' or 'messy' before.

English speakers often use 'compose' only for music or writing. They must learn that in Spanish, it extends to mechanical repairs and physical recovery.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart compuso más de 600 obras. Don Quijote de la Mancha buscaba 'componer entuertos' (righting wrongs). La canción 'Bésame Mucho' fue compuesta por Consuelo Velázquez.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Music Studio

Componer una melodía
Componer la letra
Composición original
Proceso de componer

Repair Shop

Mandar a componer
¿Tiene compostura?
Componer el motor
¿Cuánto cuesta componerlo?

Science Lab

Se compone de moléculas
Composición química
Componentes activos
Analizar cómo se compone

Home/Family

Componer la ropa
Componerse para salir
Componer la mesa
Compónte bien

Healthcare

Componerse de una enfermedad
Ya se compuso
Espero que se componga
Para que te compongas

会話のきっかけ

"¿Alguna vez has intentado componer una canción o un poema?"

"¿Quién es tu compositor favorito de todos los tiempos?"

"¿Sabes componer cosas electrónicas o prefieres llevarlas al técnico?"

"¿De qué elementos se compone una vida feliz, en tu opinión?"

"¿Te compones mucho antes de ir a una fiesta formal?"

日記のテーマ

Describe una situación difícil que lograste componer recientemente.

Si pudieras componer la banda sonora de tu vida, ¿qué instrumentos usarías?

Escribe sobre los elementos que componen tu comunidad ideal.

¿Qué es lo más difícil de componer cuando algo se rompe en casa?

Reflexiona sobre cómo te compones emocionalmente después de un día estresante.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, in Latin America, you can say 'componer la computadora'. However, 'arreglar' or 'reparar' are also very common and universally understood.

It is irregular: compuse, compusiste, compuso, compusimos, compusisteis, compusieron. It follows 'poner' exactly.

Yes, you can 'componer una historia' or 'componer una mentira', implying you are putting elements together to create a narrative.

'Composición' is the act of composing or the work itself. 'Compostura' usually refers to a repair or to one's personal composure/behavior.

The correct preposition is 'de'. 'El equipo se compone de expertos' is the standard usage.

No, that is a common mistake. The correct first-person present form is 'yo compongo'.

Yes, 'componerse' can mean to regain emotional control or to fix one's appearance (grooming).

Yes, 'un compuesto químico' is a chemical compound. It comes from the same root.

In Spain, use 'arreglar' for most repairs. Use 'componer' for music everywhere, or for repairs in Latin America.

It can be. 'Se compone de' is very formal, while 'componer el radio' is quite colloquial in some countries.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る