A2 verb ニュートラル 3分で読める

laskea

/ˈlɑskeɑ/
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Overview

The Finnish word 'laskea' is a fascinating verb with a rich semantic range, primarily encompassing the concepts of 'to count' and 'to lower' or 'to decrease'. Its specific meaning in context often depends on the prepositions or adverbs used with it, as well as the overall sentence structure.

**Meaning 1: To count**

When 'laskea' means 'to count', it refers to the act of determining the total number of items or individuals. This can be a simple enumeration. For example:

  • 'Laskea kymmeneen.' (To count to ten.)
  • 'Laskea rahat.' (To count the money.)
  • 'Laske, kuinka monta ihmistä on paikalla.' (Count how many people are present.)

In this sense, it is often used with numbers or quantities. The object being counted is typically in the partitive case if it's an uncountable noun or a quantity, or in the genitive case if it's a specific set being counted.

Meaning 2: To lower, to decrease, to fall

This is a broader category with several nuances:

  • To lower something: This involves actively moving something to a lower position.
  • 'Laskea purjeet.' (To lower the sails.)
  • 'Laskea äänensä.' (To lower one's voice.)
  • 'Laskea katseensa.' (To lower one's gaze.)
  • 'Laskea lapsi maahan.' (To lower a child to the ground.)
  • To decrease in value, quantity, or intensity: This can be an active or passive process.
  • 'Laskea hintaa.' (To lower the price.)
  • 'Vesitaso on laskenut.' (The water level has fallen.)
  • 'Kuume laskee.' (The fever is going down.)
  • 'Päivän pituus laskee.' (The length of the day is decreasing.)
  • 'Työttömyysluvut ovat laskeneet.' (Unemployment figures have decreased.)
  • To set down/put down: Similar to lowering, but often implying placing something on a surface.
  • 'Laskea laukku pöydälle.' (To put the bag on the table.)

* **To land (for an aircraft):**

  • 'Lentokone laskeutuu.' (The airplane is landing.) - Note: 'laskeutua' is the intransitive form often used for landing, but 'laskea' can also be used in some contexts, especially colloquially.
  • To calculate (often with 'yhteen'): While 'laskea' primarily means 'to count', when combined with 'yhteen' (together), it often means 'to calculate' or 'to sum up'.
  • 'Laskea yhteen luvut.' (To calculate/sum up the numbers.)

**Grammatical Forms and Conjugation:**

'Laskea' is a regular verb belonging to verb type 1 in Finnish. Its conjugation follows a predictable pattern:

* **Past Tense (minä-form):** laskin (I counted/lowered)

  • Perfect Tense (minä-form): olen laskenut (I have counted/lowered)
  • Pluperfect Tense (minä-form): olin laskenut (I had counted/lowered)

**Derivatives and Related Words:**

  • Lasku: (noun) a bill, an invoice; a calculation; a descent; a slope.
  • Laskuri: (noun) a counter (device or person).
  • Laskeutua: (verb) to descend, to land (intransitive).
  • Alaslaskea: (verb) to lower down.
  • Yhteenlasku: (noun) addition (calculation).

**Context is Key:**

The versatility of 'laskea' makes understanding its context crucial. Pay attention to the object of the verb, any accompanying prepositions or adverbs, and the overall situation described in the sentence to accurately interpret its meaning. For instance, 'laskea vettä' can mean 'to pour water' (lower water into something) or 'to drain water' (lower water level), depending on the context.

例文

1

Hän laski linnut.

Counting things

He counted the birds.

2

Laske kymmeneen.

Counting numbers

Count to ten.

3

Aurinko laski horisontin taakse.

Movement downwards, setting

The sun set behind the horizon.

4

Hän laski äänenvoimakkuutta.

Lowering something

She lowered the volume.

5

Laske kätesi.

Physical action of lowering

Put your hand down.

よく使う組み合わせ

laskea lukua
laskea mäkeä
laskea hintaa
laskea vettä
laskea päästöt
laskea leikkiä

よく混同される語

laskea vs w

80+ WORDS

文法パターン

laskea + ILL (to count into something) laskea + ALL (to count onto something) laskea + PTV (to count something)

使い方

When using 'laskea', paying attention to the direct object and any accompanying prepositions or adverbs is crucial. For 'to count', it often takes a direct object that is plural or a quantity, e.g., 'laskea rahat' (to count the money), 'laskea viiteen' (to count to five). When meaning 'to lower', it can be transitive (e.g., 'laskea lippu' - to lower the flag) or intransitive (e.g., 'aurinko laskee' - the sun sets). It can also be used in more idiomatic expressions: 'laskea leikkiä' (to joke or fool around), which literally translates to 'to lower a joke', or 'laskea alleen' (to wet oneself). Another common usage is 'laskea mukaan' (to include). The passive form 'lasketaan' is frequently used in instructions or general statements, e.g., 'rahaston arvo lasketaan päivittäin' (the fund's value is calculated daily). In spoken Finnish, the pronunciation remains consistent across its various meanings, with the emphasis typically on the first syllable. Context almost always resolves any ambiguity for native speakers.

よくある間違い

A common mistake is confusing 'laskea' (to count, to lower) with 'lukea' (to read). Although both involve numbers or information, their primary meanings are distinct. Another mistake is forgetting the dual meaning and only associating it with one of its definitions. For example, if you only remember 'to count', you might misunderstand a sentence where it means 'to lower'. Pay attention to context to determine the correct meaning. For instance, 'laskea lukuja' means 'to count numbers', while 'laskea ääntä' means 'to lower one's voice'.

ヒント

💡

Verbi 'laskea' on monimerkityksinen.

Se voi tarkoittaa useita eri asioita kontekstista riippuen. Yleisimpiä merkityksiä ovat laskeminen (esim. numeroita), alentaminen tai laskeutuminen.

💡

Konteksti on avainasemassa.

Jotta ymmärtäisit 'laskea'-verbin oikean merkityksen, kiinnitä aina huomiota lauseen tai keskustelun muuhun sisältöön.

💡

Esimerkkejä eri merkityksistä:

- "Lasken kymmeneen." (To count to ten.) - "Aurinko laskee." (The sun sets/goes down.) - "Hän laski hintaa." (He lowered the price.) - "Laske minut kyydistä." (Let me out of the ride.)

語源

From Proto-Finnic *laskedak. Cognates include Estonian laskma, Votic laskõa. Related to Proto-Finno-Ugric *laske- ('to fall, to let down').

文化的な背景

The Finnish word 'laskea' is quite versatile and its meaning often depends heavily on context, which is a common characteristic of many Finnish verbs. It's important to understand the nuance, as 'laskea' can shift from a very concrete action like counting or lowering a physical object to more abstract concepts. For example, when used in the context of numbers, 'laskea' universally means 'to count' or 'to calculate'. However, its use regarding movement (e.g., 'laskea mäkeä' - to ski downhill, or 'laskea vene veteen' - to lower a boat into the water) highlights a sense of controlled descent or placement. Culturally, Finns appreciate precision and directness in language, so while 'laskea' has multiple meanings, the intended meaning is usually clear from the surrounding words and situation. Mistakes are rare once one becomes familiar with common phrases. It doesn't carry strong cultural metaphors or historical baggage beyond its literal uses, making its cultural context primarily about its linguistic flexibility.

覚え方のコツ

The word 'laskea' can mean both 'to count' and 'to lower'. Think of it like counting down, which involves lowering the number. Or imagine a counter, which can be lowered.

よくある質問

4 問

'Laskea' in Finnish holds two main, distinct meanings: 'to count' and 'to lower' or 'to decrease'. The specific meaning is usually determined by the context in which the word is used. For example, 'laskea lukuja' means 'to count numbers,' while 'laskea ääntä' means 'to lower one's voice.'

When 'laskea' is used in the context of numbers, it refers to the act of counting, calculating, or doing arithmetic. It can be used for simple counting like 'laskea kymmeneen' (to count to ten) or for more complex calculations such as 'laskea yhteen' (to add up) or 'laskea keskiarvo' (to calculate the average). It is a fundamental verb for numerical operations.

As 'to lower' or 'to decrease,' 'laskea' can be applied to various situations. This can include physical actions like 'laskea laukku maahan' (to lower the bag to the ground), or changes in quantity or intensity, such as 'laskea hintaa' (to lower the price) or 'laskea vauhtia' (to decrease speed). It can also refer to a decline, like 'veden pinta laskee' (the water level is decreasing).

Yes, 'laskea' appears in several common Finnish phrases and idioms. For instance, 'laskea leikkiä' means 'to joke' or 'to fool around.' 'Laskea allensa' is a polite way of saying 'to urinate.' Another common expression is 'laskea jotakin jonkun piikkiin,' meaning 'to put something down to someone's account' or 'to blame someone for something.' These phrases illustrate the versatility of the word.

自分をテスト

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Minun täytyy _ montako omenaa minulla on.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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Veneen on pakko _ ankkuri nyt.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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Hän alkoi _ rahoja pöydälle.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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