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B1 noun #6,000 よく出る 8分で読める

가뭄

gamum 上位6,000

練習する例文メモとヒント 가뭄 30秒で

解説 가뭄 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you just need to know that '가뭄' (gamum) means 'drought'. Think of it as 'no rain for a long time'. It is a noun. You might hear it when people talk about the weather. For example, if it doesn't rain for many weeks, people say '가뭄이에요' (It is a drought). It is a simple word to describe a big problem with the weather. You don't need to use complex grammar with it yet. Just remember that it means the opposite of a rainy day. If you see dry ground and no rain, think of the word '가뭄'.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '가뭄' (gamum) in simple sentences with particles. You should learn the phrase '가뭄이 들다', which means 'a drought occurs'. You can also use '때문에' (because of) to explain problems. For example, '가뭄 때문에 물이 없어요' (There is no water because of the drought). You might see this word in basic news headlines or weather forecasts. It is important to distinguish it from '비' (rain). While '비' is the water falling, '가뭄' is the situation when that water is missing for a long time. You can also describe the drought as '심해요' (is severe).

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At the B1 level, you should understand the social and agricultural impact of '가뭄' (gamum). You can use more specific verbs like '지속되다' (to continue) or '해소되다' (to be resolved). You will encounter this word in discussions about the environment, farming, and the economy. You should also learn the common idiom '가뭄에 콩 나듯', which means something happens very rarely. This level requires you to understand that a drought is not just a lack of rain, but a disaster that affects food prices and water management. You can talk about '가뭄 피해' (drought damage) and how people try to '극복하다' (overcome) it.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '가뭄' (gamum) in formal contexts, such as writing essays or giving presentations about climate change. You should know technical terms like '기상 가뭄' (meteorological drought) and '농업 가뭄' (agricultural drought). You can discuss the causes, such as '엘니뇨' (El Niño) or '지구 온난화' (global warming). Your vocabulary should include synonyms like '한발' for formal writing. You should be able to explain the relationship between '가뭄' and '저수율' (reservoir storage rate). Metaphorical uses, like '자금 가뭄' (financial drought) or '구인 가뭄' (job seeker drought), should also be part of your repertoire.

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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the historical and cultural nuances of '가뭄' (gamum). You can analyze historical texts where droughts were seen as a lack of virtue in a ruler. You should be able to use the word in complex metaphorical structures and understand its nuances in literature and poetry. You can discuss '해갈' (resolution of drought) not just as rain falling, but as a metaphor for long-awaited relief in any situation. You should be able to debate policy responses to '만성적인 가뭄' (chronic drought) and use advanced Hanja-related vocabulary to describe the severity and scope of environmental crises.

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At the C2 level, you can use '가뭄' (gamum) with native-like precision in any context, from scientific discourse to high literature. You understand the subtle differences between '가뭄', '한발', '무강우', and '건조' in various professional fields. You can interpret and use the word in complex socio-political metaphors, such as '민주주의의 가뭄' (a drought of democracy). You are familiar with classical references to droughts in Korean history and can use them to add depth to your speech or writing. You can effortlessly switch between formal, neutral, and poetic registers when discussing this topic, showing a complete mastery of the word's expressive potential.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

가뭄 30秒で

가뭄 means drought, a long period without rain.
It is a common noun used in weather and news.
The typical verb used is '가뭄이 들다' (a drought sets in).
It is also used metaphorically for any severe scarcity.

The Korean word 가뭄 (gamum) refers to a drought—a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall that leads to a shortage of water. In a country like South Korea, which has a long history of agriculture and distinct seasonal changes, the concept of a drought is deeply ingrained in both the historical record and modern environmental concerns. When you use the word 가뭄, you are not just talking about a lack of rain for a few days; you are describing a significant environmental state that affects crops, water supplies, and the economy.

Environmental Context: In environmental science and news reporting, 가뭄 is categorized by its severity. You will often hear terms like '극심한 가뭄' (extreme drought) or '장기적인 가뭄' (long-term drought). It is frequently discussed in the context of climate change and the depletion of reservoirs (저수지).

올해는 가뭄 때문에 농작물 피해가 아주 큽니다.

Translation: Due to the drought this year, the damage to crops is very large.

Metaphorical Usage: Beyond weather, 가뭄 is used metaphorically to describe a scarcity of anything valuable. For example, a '취업 가뭄' (employment drought) refers to a severe lack of job openings, while a '자금 가뭄' (funding drought) refers to a lack of available capital in the market.

Historically, Korea's rice-based agriculture made the nation extremely sensitive to rainfall patterns. Therefore, 가뭄 isn't just a weather term; it's a word associated with survival and collective anxiety. When the monsoon season (장마) is delayed, the word 가뭄 begins to dominate the headlines. People often pair it with the verb '들다' (to enter/occur), as in '가뭄이 들다'. This suggests that a drought is something that 'enters' the land and takes hold. Understanding this word requires recognizing the weight it carries in a society that values its connection to the land and its agricultural roots.

계속되는 가뭄으로 강바닥이 드러났습니다.

Translation: The riverbed has been exposed due to the continuing drought.

Social Impact: Droughts lead to '제한 급수' (restricted water supply). During these times, citizens are encouraged to conserve water, and the word 가뭄 becomes a call to action for environmental stewardship and resource management.

Using 가뭄 correctly involves knowing which verbs and particles typically accompany it. In Korean syntax, a drought doesn't just 'happen'; it 'enters' or 'continues'. The most natural way to say a drought has occurred is 가뭄이 들다. If a drought is particularly harsh, we use the adjective 심하다 (to be severe) or 극심하다 (to be extreme).

Subject Marker: When 가뭄 is the subject of the sentence, use the particle '이'. Example: '가뭄이 심각합니다' (The drought is serious).

수개월째 이어지는 가뭄으로 인해 산불 위험이 커졌습니다.

Translation: Due to the drought that has lasted for months, the risk of forest fires has increased.

Cause and Effect: The particle '으로' or the phrase '때문에' are used to show that the drought is the cause of a problem. Example: '가뭄으로 농사를 망쳤어요' (The farming was ruined due to the drought).

In formal settings, such as news reports or academic papers, you might see the Hanja-based synonym 한발 (hanbal), but in daily conversation and general writing, 가뭄 is the standard term. You can also use it as a modifier, such as '가뭄 피해' (drought damage) or '가뭄 대책' (drought countermeasures). When discussing the duration, '장기 가뭄' (long-term drought) is a common compound noun. Interestingly, when the weather is just dry but not necessarily a full-scale drought, Koreans prefer the word '건조' (geonjo - dryness). 가뭄 specifically implies the lack of precipitation over a period significant enough to cause distress.

정부는 가뭄 피해 지역에 긴급 자금을 지원하기로 했습니다.

Translation: The government decided to provide emergency funds to the drought-damaged areas.

Metaphorical Phrases: '단비' (sweet rain/welcome rain) is the natural opposite to 가뭄 in a metaphorical sense. If a long-awaited solution arrives, it is like '가뭄 끝에 단비' (sweet rain at the end of a drought).

You will encounter 가뭄 most frequently in the news, particularly during the spring and early summer months before the monsoon season arrives. Meteorologists use it to describe the '기상 가뭄' (meteorological drought) based on precipitation levels. However, it is also a staple in history books, as droughts often led to famines and political upheaval in ancient Korea.

In the News: News anchors will say things like, '전국적으로 가뭄이 확산되고 있습니다' (Drought is spreading nationwide). They discuss reservoir levels and the impact on the prices of vegetables like cabbage (배추) and radishes (무).

이번 가뭄은 50년 만에 최악의 수준이라고 합니다.

Translation: They say this drought is the worst in 50 years.

In Daily Life: You might hear older generations or farmers expressing concern: '비가 너무 안 와서 가뭄이 들겠어' (Rain isn't coming at all, so a drought is going to set in). It's a word of concern and anticipation.

In popular culture, 가뭄 appears in lyrics and literature to symbolize a dry heart or a lack of inspiration. A singer might lament a '감정의 가뭄' (a drought of emotions), meaning they feel empty or unable to love. This poetic usage bridges the gap between a physical environmental disaster and a personal internal state. In historical dramas (Sa-geuk), the king often laments the 가뭄 as a sign of his failure to govern properly, leading to dramatic scenes of him bowing to the heavens to beg for rain. Thus, when you hear the word 가뭄, it often carries a sense of urgency, responsibility, and the hope for eventual relief.

마음의 가뭄을 적셔줄 따뜻한 위로가 필요해요.

Translation: I need warm comfort to moisten the drought of my heart.

Educational Context: In schools, children learn about 가뭄 in geography and ethics classes, discussing how to save water and the importance of dams.

One of the most common mistakes learners make is confusing 가뭄 with general 'dryness' or 'dry weather'. While they are related, they are used in different contexts and with different grammar. Another mistake involves using the wrong verb to describe a drought's beginning.

가뭄 vs. 건조 (Geonjo): '건조' refers to the state of being dry (like dry skin or dry air). '가뭄' is the large-scale environmental phenomenon. You wouldn't say your skin has a '가뭄' (unless you're being very poetic/dramatic); you would say it is '건조하다'.

❌ 가뭄이 왔어요. (A drought came.)
✅ 가뭄이 들었어요. (A drought set in.)

Note: While '왔어요' is understandable, '들다' is the idiomatic verb for natural phenomena like droughts or frosts.

Confusing with '비가 안 오다': Learners often simply say '비가 안 와요' (It's not raining). While true, 가뭄 implies a sustained state. Using '가뭄' shows a higher level of vocabulary and a better understanding of the situation's gravity.

Another mistake is in the metaphorical use. If you are thirsty, you don't say you have a '가뭄'. You say '목이 말라요'. '가뭄' is used metaphorically for things like money, jobs, or inspiration—larger abstract concepts, not physical bodily needs. Also, be careful with the spelling. It is '가뭄', not '가믐' or '가문'. The 'ㅁ' ending is essential. Finally, remember that '가뭄' is a noun. To describe the weather as 'drought-stricken', you usually use the noun with a particle or a descriptive clause like '가뭄이 심한 날씨' (weather where the drought is severe).

❌ 피부가 가뭄이에요. (Skin is a drought.)
✅ 피부가 너무 건조해요. (Skin is very dry.)

Spelling and Pronunciation: The pronunciation is [gamum]. Some learners mistakenly pronounce the second syllable with an 'n' sound due to confusion with '가문' (family/clan). Ensure the closing 'm' sound is clear.

While 가뭄 is the most common word for drought, there are several related terms and synonyms that are used depending on the level of formality and the specific context. Understanding these will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

가뭄 vs. 한발 (Hanbal): '한발' (旱魃) is a more academic and formal Hanja-based synonym for 가뭄. You will see it in historical documents or very formal meteorological reports. In everyday speech, always use 가뭄.
가뭄 vs. 무강우 (Mugangu): '무강우' literally means 'no rainfall' (無降雨). This is a technical term used in weather reports to describe a specific period without rain, whereas 가뭄 describes the resulting state of the environment.

역사책에서는 가뭄 대신 '한발'이라는 용어를 쓰기도 합니다.

Translation: In history books, the term 'hanbal' is sometimes used instead of 'gamum'.

가뭄 vs. 건조 (Geonjo): As mentioned before, '건조' is 'dryness'. You can have '건조한 날씨' (dry weather) without it being a full '가뭄'. Drought implies a lack of water that causes damage.

When discussing the end of a drought, the word '해갈' (haegal) is the most specific term. If you want to talk about the opposite of a drought, use '홍수' (hongsu - flood) or '장마' (jangma - rainy season). In a metaphorical sense, if '가뭄' is a lack of something, '풍족' (pungjok - abundance) or '넘침' (neomchim - overflowing) would be the conceptual opposites. Knowing these nuances allows you to transition from basic descriptions to more sophisticated environmental and social commentary in Korean. For example, comparing '가뭄' and '홍수' in a discussion about climate change shows a high level of linguistic competence.

가뭄과 홍수는 모두 기후 변화의 결과입니다.

Translation: Drought and flood are both results of climate change.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient Korea, if a 가뭄 lasted too long, the King would blame himself and perform rituals, sometimes even dressing in straw clothes to show humility to the heavens.

発音ガイド

UK /ɡa.mum/

US /ɡa.mum/

Even stress on both syllables, though the first might be slightly higher in pitch.

韻が合う語

구름 (cloud) 심부름 (errand) 주름 (wrinkle) 여름 (summer) 기름 (oil) 이름 (name) 그름 (wrongness) 거름 (manure)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing as 'gamoon' (confusing with 'n').
Making the 'u' sound too long like 'moon'.
Confusing with '가문' (family).
Omitting the final 'm' sound.
Pronouncing the first 'g' too strongly like 'g' in 'go'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts and news.

ライティング 3/5

Requires remembering the 'ㅁ' ending and correct particles.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires clear final 'm'.

リスニング 3/5

Can be confused with '가문' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

비 (rain) 날씨 (weather) 없다 (not have) 들다 (to enter/set in) 심하다 (to be severe)

次に学ぶ

해갈 (resolution of drought) 저수지 (reservoir) 강수량 (precipitation) 기후 변화 (climate change) 홍수 (flood)

上級

한발 (drought - formal) 기우제 (rain ritual) 천재지변 (natural disaster) 고갈 (depletion)

知っておくべき文法

Noun + 때문에 (Because of)

가뭄 때문에 농사가 망했어요.

Noun + 으로 인해 (Due to - Formal)

가뭄으로 인해 물이 부족합니다.

-(으)면 (If/When)

가뭄이 들면 물을 아껴야 해요.

Noun + 끝에 (At the end of)

가뭄 끝에 비가 왔어요.

-아/어 가다 (To keep doing/Progressing)

가뭄이 심해져 가고 있습니다.

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レベル別の例文

가뭄이에요.

It is a drought.

Noun + 이예요 (to be).

비가 안 와서 가뭄입니다.

It's a drought because it's not raining.

A-서 B (Because of A, B).

가뭄은 무서워요.

Droughts are scary.

Noun + 은/는 (Topic marker).

지금 가뭄입니까?

Is it a drought now?

Interrogative form of 'to be'.

가뭄이 너무 길어요.

The drought is too long.

Subject marker '이'.

물과 가뭄.

Water and drought.

Noun + 과 (And).

가뭄이 싫어요.

I hate droughts.

Subject + 싫다 (to dislike).

여기는 가뭄이에요.

It's a drought here.

Place + 는 (Topic marker).

가뭄이 들면 농사가 힘들어요.

Farming is hard when a drought occurs.

-(으)면 (If/When).

가뭄 때문에 꽃이 죽었어요.

The flowers died because of the drought.

Noun + 때문에 (Because of).

올해는 가뭄이 심해요.

The drought is severe this year.

Adjective '심하다' (to be severe).

가뭄이 언제 끝나요?

When will the drought end?

Interrogative '언제' (When).

가뭄으로 물이 부족합니다.

Water is lacking due to the drought.

Noun + 으로 (Due to).

가뭄이 들기 전에 비가 오면 좋겠어요.

I hope it rains before a drought occurs.

-기 전에 (Before doing).

어제 뉴스에서 가뭄 이야기를 들었어요.

I heard about the drought on the news yesterday.

Object marker '를'.

가뭄이 심해서 산불이 났어요.

A forest fire started because the drought was severe.

-아서/어서 (Reason).

가뭄에 콩 나듯 소식이 오네요.

News comes very rarely (like beans in a drought).

Idiom '가뭄에 콩 나듯'.

정부는 가뭄 대책을 세우고 있습니다.

The government is making drought countermeasures.

-고 있다 (Progressive).

가뭄이 지속되면 채소 가격이 오를 거예요.

If the drought continues, vegetable prices will rise.

-(으)ㄹ 거예요 (Future).

오랜 가뭄 끝에 드디어 비가 내립니다.

After a long drought, it's finally raining.

Noun + 끝에 (At the end of).

가뭄 피해를 줄이기 위해 물을 아껴 써야 해요.

We must save water to reduce drought damage.

-기 위해 (In order to).

이번 가뭄은 작년보다 훨씬 심각합니다.

This drought is much more serious than last year's.

Noun + 보다 (Comparison).

가뭄이 해갈되려면 더 많은 비가 필요해요.

More rain is needed for the drought to be resolved.

-(으)려면 (If you want to).

가뭄으로 인해 저수지가 말라 버렸어요.

The reservoir has completely dried up due to the drought.

-아/어 버리다 (Completion with regret).

극심한 가뭄으로 인해 농작물의 수확량이 급감했습니다.

Due to the extreme drought, crop yields have plummeted.

Formal noun '수확량' (yield).

기상청은 이번 가뭄이 다음 달까지 이어질 것으로 전망했습니다.

The Meteorological Administration predicted this drought will continue until next month.

-(으)ㄹ 것으로 전망하다 (to predict).

가뭄 대책의 일환으로 제한 급수가 실시될 예정입니다.

Restricted water supply will be implemented as part of drought countermeasures.

Noun + 의 일환으로 (As part of).

지속되는 가뭄은 생태계 전반에 악영향을 미칩니다.

The continuing drought has a bad influence on the entire ecosystem.

Noun + 에 악영향을 미치다 (to have a bad influence on).

가뭄을 극복하기 위해 다각적인 노력이 필요합니다.

Multifaceted efforts are needed to overcome the drought.

Adjective '다각적인' (multifaceted).

취업 시장의 가뭄이 갈수록 심화되고 있습니다.

The drought in the job market is getting worse over time.

Metaphorical use of '가뭄'.

가뭄 끝에 내린 단비가 농민들의 시름을 덜어주었습니다.

The sweet rain after the drought relieved the farmers' worries.

Noun '시름' (worry/anxiety).

가뭄에 대비하여 저수 시설을 확충해야 합니다.

We must expand storage facilities in preparation for droughts.

-에 대비하여 (In preparation for).

역사적으로 가뭄은 민심을 흉흉하게 만드는 주요 원인이었습니다.

Historically, drought was a major cause of making the public's mind restless.

Adjective '흉흉하다' (restless/unsettled).

기후 변화에 따른 만성적 가뭄은 국가 안보의 위협 요소가 될 수 있습니다.

Chronic drought due to climate change can be a threat to national security.

Noun '안보' (security).

이번 가뭄은 단순한 기상 현상을 넘어 사회 구조적 문제로 비화되었습니다.

This drought has escalated beyond a simple weather phenomenon into a socio-structural problem.

Verb '비화되다' (to escalate/leap to).

가뭄으로 타들어 가는 논밭을 보며 농민들은 가슴을 태웠습니다.

Watching the fields burn up from drought, the farmers were deeply distressed.

Metaphorical '가슴을 태우다' (to be extremely worried).

가뭄 해갈을 위한 인공 강우 실험이 조심스럽게 진행되고 있습니다.

Artificial rain experiments for drought relief are being cautiously conducted.

Noun '인공 강우' (artificial rain).

정치권의 소통 가뭄이 정책 부재로 이어지고 있다는 비판이 제기되었습니다.

Criticism has been raised that the drought of communication in politics is leading to a lack of policy.

Metaphorical '소통 가뭄'.

가뭄의 장기화는 지하수 고갈이라는 제2의 문제를 야기합니다.

The prolongation of drought causes a second problem: the depletion of groundwater.

Noun '고갈' (depletion).

가뭄에 강한 품종을 개발하는 것이 미래 농업의 핵심 과제입니다.

Developing varieties resistant to drought is a key task for future agriculture.

Noun '품종' (variety/breed).

가뭄이라는 천재지변 앞에 인간의 무력함이 다시금 증명되었습니다.

Human helplessness was proven once again in the face of the natural disaster called drought.

Noun '천재지변' (natural disaster).

그의 문장은 오랜 가뭄 끝에 터져 나온 샘물처럼 신선하고 강렬했다.

His sentences were as fresh and intense as a spring bursting forth after a long drought.

Literary simile.

가뭄으로 인해 황폐해진 대지는 생명의 흔적을 찾아보기 힘들 정도였다.

The land devastated by drought was to the point where it was hard to find traces of life.

Adjective '황폐해지다' (to become devastated).

정부의 안일한 대처가 가뭄 피해를 키웠다는 지적을 면하기 어렵다.

It is difficult to avoid the point that the government's complacent response increased the drought damage.

-을/를 면하기 어렵다 (to be hard to avoid).

가뭄이 가져온 식량 위기는 국제적인 연대와 협력을 요구하고 있습니다.

The food crisis brought by drought is demanding international solidarity and cooperation.

Noun '연대' (solidarity).

가뭄의 고통 속에서도 이웃을 돕는 온정의 손길이 가뭄을 이겨내는 힘이 되었습니다.

Even in the pain of drought, the warm hands of help for neighbors became the strength to overcome it.

Noun '온정' (warmth/kindness).

가뭄으로 인한 경제적 손실은 수조 원에 달할 것으로 추산됩니다.

Economic losses due to drought are estimated to reach trillions of won.

Verb '추산되다' (to be estimated).

가뭄의 상흔이 깊게 패인 대지에 드디어 생명의 비가 내리기 시작했다.

The rain of life finally began to fall on the land where the scars of drought were deeply etched.

Noun '상흔' (scar/trauma).

よく使う組み合わせ

가뭄이 들다

가뭄이 심하다

가뭄 피해

가뭄 대책

가뭄 해갈

극심한 가뭄

장기 가뭄

가뭄이 이어지다

가뭄을 극복하다

가뭄의 영향

よく使うフレーズ

가뭄에 단비

— A long-awaited and welcome relief. Literally, 'sweet rain in a drought'.

그의 소식은 내게 가뭄에 단비 같았다.

가뭄에 콩 나듯

— Something that happens very rarely. Literally, 'like beans sprouting in a drought'.

그는 가뭄에 콩 나듯 가끔 연락한다.

심각한 가뭄

— A serious or severe drought.

전 세계적으로 심각한 가뭄이 발생하고 있다.

가뭄이 해소되다

— A drought being resolved or ending.

비가 충분히 와서 가뭄이 해소되었다.

가뭄이 닥치다

— A drought approaching or striking.

갑작스러운 가뭄이 닥쳐 농가에 비상이 걸렸다.

가뭄을 타다

— To be affected or damaged by drought (often used for plants).

이 식물은 가뭄을 잘 타지 않는다.

가뭄에 말라 죽다

— To wither and die due to drought.

나무들이 가뭄에 말라 죽어가고 있다.

가뭄 예보

— A drought forecast.

기상청의 가뭄 예보에 귀를 기울여야 한다.

가뭄 위기

— A drought crisis.

가뭄 위기를 넘기기 위해 물 절약이 필요하다.

가뭄 끝에

— At the end of a drought.

가뭄 끝에 드디어 큰 비가 왔다.

よく混同される語

가뭄 vs 가문

Means 'family' or 'clan'. Pronounced with an 'n' at the end.

가뭄 vs 건조

Means 'dryness'. Used for skin, air, or laundry, not usually for environmental disasters.

가뭄 vs 갈증

Means 'thirst'. Used for the physical feeling of needing water.

慣用句と表現

"가뭄에 콩 나듯"

— Describes an extremely rare occurrence.

이 마을에 젊은 사람이 오는 건 가뭄에 콩 나듯 한 일이다.

Common

"가뭄 끝에 단비"

— A metaphor for receiving help or good news after a long struggle.

보너스는 가뭄 끝에 단비처럼 반가웠다.

Common

"가슴에 가뭄이 들다"

— To feel emotionally dry or empty.

오랫동안 사랑을 못 해서 가슴에 가뭄이 든 것 같다.

Poetic

"가뭄 탄다"

— Suffering easily from a lack of something.

우리 회사는 자금 가뭄을 자주 탄다.

Metaphorical

"가뭄에 물 구하듯"

— To seek something desperately.

그는 가뭄에 물 구하듯 일자리를 찾고 있다.

Literary

"가뭄이 논바닥 갈라지듯"

— Describing something very dry or cracked.

입술이 가뭄에 논바닥 갈라지듯 갈라졌다.

Descriptive

"가뭄에 비 기다리듯"

— Waiting for something very eagerly.

아이들은 가뭄에 비 기다리듯 방학을 기다린다.

Common

"가뭄에 타 죽다"

— To be ruined by a lack of resources.

중소기업들이 자금 가뭄에 타 죽을 지경이다.

Metaphorical

"가뭄에 키질하기"

— Doing something useless in a desperate situation.

지금 그런 대책은 가뭄에 키질하기나 다름없다.

Rare/Old

"가뭄을 씻다"

— To resolve a long-standing problem.

이번 승리는 팀의 무승 가뭄을 씻어주었다.

Sports/News

間違えやすい

가뭄 vs 가문 (Family)

Similar pronunciation.

Ends in 'n' and refers to lineage. '가뭄' ends in 'm' and refers to weather.

우리 가문은 역사가 깊다. vs 올해 가뭄이 심하다.

가뭄 vs 건조 (Dryness)

Related meaning.

A state of being dry. '가뭄' is the large-scale event of no rain.

공기가 건조해요. vs 가뭄으로 강이 말랐어요.

가뭄 vs 홍수 (Flood)

Opposite weather disaster.

Too much water vs. too little water.

가뭄 뒤에 홍수가 났다.

가뭄 vs 장마 (Monsoon)

Seasonal rain.

A period of heavy rain. '가뭄' is the absence of this rain.

장마가 늦어져서 가뭄이 들었다.

가뭄 vs 해갈 (Relief)

The end of a drought.

The act of satisfying thirst/drought. '가뭄' is the problem.

단비로 가뭄이 해갈되었다.

文型パターン

가뭄이에요.

지금 가뭄이에요.

가뭄 때문에 [Result].

가뭄 때문에 물이 없어요.

가뭄이 [Verb]-고 있다.

가뭄이 심해지고 있어요.

가뭄에 콩 나듯 [Action].

그는 가뭄에 콩 나듯 편지를 써요.

가뭄으로 인해 [Problem].

가뭄으로 인해 농작물이 죽었습니다.

가뭄 끝에 [Positive Event].

가뭄 끝에 단비가 내렸어요.

가뭄이 [Noun]로 비화되다.

가뭄이 사회적 갈등으로 비화되었습니다.

가뭄의 상흔이 [Verb].

가뭄의 상흔이 대지에 남아 있다.

語族

名詞

가뭄 (drought)

가뭄피해 (drought damage)

가뭄대책 (drought countermeasure)

動詞

가뭄이 들다 (to have a drought)

가뭄을 타다 (to be affected by drought)

形容詞

가뭄에 강한 (drought-resistant)

使い方

frequency

High, especially in seasonal contexts (Spring/Summer).

よくある間違い

가뭄이 왔어요 → 가뭄이 들었어요
While '왔어요' is used for many things, '들다' is the specific idiomatic verb for droughts.
피부가 가뭄이에요 → 피부가 건조해요
가뭄 is for weather disasters; 건조 is for physical dryness.
가문 (spelling) → 가뭄
가문 means family; 가뭄 means drought. The final consonant changes the meaning entirely.
가뭄을 심해요 → 가뭄이 심해요
심하다 is an adjective and takes the subject marker '이/가', not the object marker '을/를'.
비가 가뭄이에요 → 비가 안 와서 가뭄이에요
You can't say 'rain is a drought'. You must say the drought is caused by a lack of rain.

ヒント

Using '들다'

Always use '가뭄이 들다' for the most natural sound when saying a drought has started.

Metaphorical Scarcity

Use 가뭄 to describe a lack of jobs (취업 가뭄) or money (자금 가뭄) to sound advanced.

Kimchi Prices

Understand that 가뭄 is often linked to the price of cabbage in Korean news.

The Final M

Keep your lips closed at the end of the word to ensure the 'm' isn't confused with 'n'.

Sweet Rain

Learn '가뭄 끝에 단비' to express gratitude for long-awaited good news.

Formal Contexts

In essays, use '가뭄으로 인한 사회적 파장' (social impact due to drought).

News Cues

If you hear '강수량' (precipitation), expect the word '가뭄' to follow.

King's Virtue

Remember that historically, droughts were seen as a sign of a king's lack of virtue.

Climate Change

Connect 가뭄 with '기후 변화' (climate change) in discussions.

Gap in Mud

Visualize gaps in the mud to remember 'Ga-mum'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Ga-Mum'. 'Go Mum!' - Mom had to 'go' far away to find water because of the '가뭄' (drought).

視覚的連想

Imagine a 'Gap' in the 'Mud'. 'Gap-Mud' sounds like 'Gamum'. Cracks in the mud during a drought.

Word Web

Rain Dry Crops Water Sun Cracks Thirst Countermeasures

チャレンジ

Try to use '가뭄' in a sentence about your bank account or your social life to practice its metaphorical use.

語源

Native Korean word. It has been used for centuries to describe the dry periods that plagued the peninsula.

元の意味： The state of being dry or without rain.

Koreanic

文化的な背景

Be sensitive when talking to farmers about 가뭄, as it represents a serious threat to their livelihood.

In English, 'drought' is often associated with the Dust Bowl or California's water issues. In Korea, it's specifically tied to rice farming.

The movie 'The Map Against the World' (Gosanja) depicts the importance of water. Historical dramas often feature '기우제' (rain rituals). News reports every June usually feature the word '가뭄'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Weather Forecast

가뭄이 예상됩니다
가뭄 주의보
강수량 부족
가뭄이 지속될 전망입니다

Farming

농작물이 가뭄을 타다
가뭄으로 논이 마르다
가뭄 피해 복구
가뭄에 강한 씨앗

News/Politics

가뭄 대책 회의
가뭄 비상사태
가뭄 지역 지원
제한 급수 실시

Conversations about Money

자금 가뭄
지갑에 가뭄이 들다
가뭄 끝에 보너스
돈 가뭄

Environmental Discussion

지구 온난화와 가뭄
사막화와 가뭄
생태계와 가뭄
장기적인 가뭄의 영향

会話のきっかけ

"요즘 비가 너무 안 오는데 가뭄 아니에요? (It hasn't rained lately, isn't it a drought?)"

"가뭄 때문에 채소 값이 너무 올랐어요. (Vegetable prices have risen so much because of the drought.)"

"가뭄에 콩 나듯 연락하는 친구가 있나요? (Do you have a friend who contacts you very rarely?)"

"가뭄을 해결하려면 어떻게 해야 할까요? (What should we do to solve the drought?)"

"가뭄 끝에 단비처럼 반가운 일이 있었나요? (Has something welcome like rain after a drought happened to you?)"

日記のテーマ

Write about a time you felt an 'emotional drought' and how you overcame it.

Describe the impact of a severe drought on a small farming village in Korea.

Discuss the relationship between climate change and the increasing frequency of droughts.

Imagine you are a king in the Joseon dynasty during a massive drought. What would you do?

Reflect on the idiom '가뭄에 콩 나듯' and list things in your life that happen rarely.

よくある質問

10 問

가뭄 is a drought (an environmental disaster caused by lack of rain), while 건조 is just 'dryness' (like dry air or dry skin). You wouldn't say 'the air is 가뭄', you'd say 'the air is 건조'.

Only metaphorically. You can say someone has a 'drought of ideas' (아이디어 가뭄) or 'drought of money' (자금 가뭄), but for physical thirst, use '목마름'.

The most common and natural verb is '들다' (to enter/occur), as in '가뭄이 들다'.

No, 가뭄 is a native Korean word. The Hanja equivalent is 한발 (旱魃).

You can say '심한 가뭄' or the more formal '극심한 가뭄'.

It's an idiom meaning 'very rarely'. It literally means 'like beans sprouting in a drought', which is very unlikely.

It's spelled 가뭄. Be careful not to spell it as 가믐 or 가문.

Droughts most often occur in the spring (March-May) and early summer (June) before the monsoon season starts.

The direct opposite is 홍수 (flood). The resolution of a drought is called 해갈.

Yes, but they often add modifiers like '기상 가뭄' (meteorological drought) or '농업 가뭄' (agricultural drought).

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