쏟아지다 30秒で
- Pouring down rapidly, like heavy rain.
- Describes an overwhelming amount falling.
- Used for literal rain and figurative criticism.
- Implies abundance and speed of descent.
The Korean verb 쏟아지다 (ssod-a-ji-da) describes a situation where a large amount of liquid, or sometimes something metaphorical like rain or even criticism, falls down rapidly and in abundance. It emphasizes the overwhelming quantity and the continuous nature of the falling. Think of it as a deluge or a downpour. You'll commonly hear this when talking about heavy rain, but its usage extends to other scenarios where things come down in a flood-like manner.
- Core Meaning
- To pour down in large quantities; to fall heavily.
- Literal Usage
- Primarily used for liquids, especially rain, but can apply to other falling substances in bulk.
- Figurative Usage
- Can describe an overwhelming influx of things like compliments, criticism, or even information.
어젯밤에 비가 쏟아졌어요. (Eojetbam-e bi-ga ssod-a-jyeoss-eo-yo.)
칭찬이 쏟아지다. (Chingchan-i ssod-a-ji-da.)
Imagine a bucket of water being completely tipped over – that's the kind of abundance and rapid descent 쏟아지다 conveys. It's not just a gentle shower; it's a significant, often sudden, influx.
- Weather Context
- This is the most frequent context. When the rain is very heavy and continuous, Koreans use 쏟아지다. For example, '폭우가 쏟아지다' (pok-u-ga ssod-a-ji-da) means 'a heavy rain is pouring down'.
- Non-Weather Contexts
- Beyond weather, it can describe things falling in large amounts. If you receive many gifts at once, you might say '선물이 쏟아졌다' (seonmul-i ssod-a-jyeoss-da - gifts poured down). Similarly, after a great performance, '박수갈채가 쏟아졌다' (baksu-galchae-ga ssod-a-jyeoss-da - thunderous applause poured down).
- Figurative Meanings
- In figurative senses, it implies an overwhelming amount. '비난이 쏟아지다' (binan-i ssod-a-ji-da) means 'criticism poured down'. '질문이 쏟아지다' (jilmun-i ssod-a-ji-da) means 'questions poured in'. It signifies being inundated.
Using 쏟아지다 correctly involves understanding its core meaning of abundant, rapid falling. It's a versatile verb that can be used in various grammatical structures. The most common form is the past tense, 쏟아졌다 (ssod-a-jyeoss-da), to describe something that has already happened.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The basic structure is [Subject] + 쏟아지다. The subject is typically what is falling or being received in abundance. When referring to rain, '비' (bi - rain) is the subject.
- With Nouns
- You can attach the subject particle '가/이' (ga/i) to the noun that is pouring down.
하늘에서 별이 쏟아지는 것 같았어요. (Haneul-eseo byeol-i ssod-a-ji-neun geot gat-ass-eo-yo.)
- Using '-고 있다' (Progressive Tense)
- To describe something that is currently happening, use 쏟아지고 있다 (ssod-a-ji-go iss-da).
지금 눈이 쏟아지고 있어요. (Jigeum nun-i ssod-a-ji-go iss-eo-yo.)
- Connecting Clauses
- You can use connecting endings like '-어서/아서' (eoseo/aseo) to show cause or sequence.
갑자기 비가 쏟아져서 집에 들어갔어요. (Gabjag-i bi-ga ssod-a-jyeo-seo jip-e deul-eo-gass-eo-yo.)
Pay attention to the tense and politeness level. For example, 쏟아진다 (ssod-a-jin-da) is plain form, 쏟아져요 (ssod-a-jyeo-yo) is polite informal, and 쏟아집니다 (ssod-a-jim-ni-da) is polite formal.
You'll encounter 쏟아지다 in a variety of everyday situations, from casual conversations to news reports and media. Its vivid imagery makes it a popular choice for describing impactful events, especially those involving weather or overwhelming responses.
- Weather Forecasts and Reports
- This is perhaps the most common place you'll hear it. Meteorologists use it to describe heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, or even heavy snowfall. For instance, '오늘 오후부터 전국에 강한 비가 쏟아질 것으로 예상됩니다.' (Oneul ohu-buteo jeon-guk-e ganghan bi-ga ssod-a-jil geot-euro yesang-doem-ni-da.) - 'Strong rain is expected to pour down across the country from this afternoon.' This paints a clear picture of an intense downpour.
- Describing Events and Reactions
- In news articles or discussions about events, 쏟아지다 is used to describe an overwhelming influx of something. If a celebrity makes a comeback and receives a flood of fan messages, a headline might read, '팬들의 응원 메시지가 쏟아졌다.' (Paen-deul-ui eungwon mesiji-ga ssod-a-jyeoss-da.) - 'Fan support messages poured in.' This captures the sheer volume and intensity of the messages.
- Figurative Language in Media
- Movies, dramas, and songs often use 쏟아지다 for dramatic effect. A character might lament, '내게 쏟아지는 비난을 견딜 수 없었어.' (Nae-ge ssod-a-ji-neun binan-eul gyeondil su eobs-eoss-eo.) - 'I couldn't bear the criticism pouring down on me.' This conveys the immense pressure and negativity they faced.
- Casual Conversations
- Friends might discuss a sudden downpour they experienced: '어제 갑자기 소나기가 쏟아져서 옷이 다 젖었어!' (Eoje gabjag-i sonagi-ga ssod-a-jyeo-seo os-i da jeoj-eoss-eo!) - 'Yesterday, a shower suddenly poured down, and my clothes got all wet!' It's a natural way to describe an intense weather event.
뉴스에서 태풍 때문에 비가 쏟아진다고 했어요. (Nyuseu-eseo taepung ttaemun-e bi-ga ssod-a-jin-da-go haess-eo-yo.)
While 쏟아지다 is a common verb, learners sometimes misuse it by not fully grasping the intensity or quantity it implies. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid.
- Confusing with Simple Falling
- Mistake: Using 쏟아지다 for a light drizzle or a few drops of rain. For example, saying '이슬비가 쏟아졌어요.' (Iseulbi-ga ssod-a-jyeoss-eo-yo - 'A light drizzle poured down.')
- Correction: For light rain, use verbs like '내리다' (nae-ri-da - to fall) or '오다' (o-da - to come). '이슬비가 내렸어요.' (Iseulbi-ga nae-ryeoss-eo-yo.) is correct for a light drizzle.
- Overusing for Non-Liquid or Non-Abundant Situations
- Mistake: Applying it to situations where things are not falling rapidly or in large quantities. For instance, saying '먼지가 쏟아졌어요.' (Meonji-ga ssod-a-jyeoss-eo-yo - 'Dust poured down.') unless it was an avalanche of dust.
- Correction: Use more appropriate verbs. For dust, you might say '먼지가 날렸다' (meonji-ga nal-lyeoss-da - dust flew) or '먼지가 쌓였다' (meonji-ga ssah-yeoss-da - dust piled up).
- Incorrect Transitive vs. Intransitive Use
- Mistake: Trying to use 쏟아지다 transitively, as if someone is pouring something. For example, '제가 물을 쏟아졌어요.' (Je-ga mul-eul ssod-a-jyeoss-eo-yo - 'I poured the water.')
- Correction: 쏟아지다 is intransitive; it means something pours *itself* or happens spontaneously. To say you poured water, you would use the transitive verb 쏟다 (ssod-da): '제가 물을 쏟았어요.' (Je-ga mul-eul ssod-ass-eo-yo - 'I poured water.')
잘못된 예: 비가 조금 왔어요. (Bi-ga jo-geum wass-eo-yo.)
맞는 표현: 비가 조금 내렸어요. (Bi-ga jo-geum nae-ryeoss-eo-yo.)
While 쏟아지다 is unique in its implication of abundant, rapid descent, other Korean verbs can describe falling or pouring, each with subtle differences in meaning and usage.
- 쏟다 (ssod-da)
- Meaning: To pour out (transitive verb).
- Difference: 쏟다 is transitive, meaning an agent actively pours something. 쏟아지다 is intransitive, meaning something pours by itself or happens spontaneously.
Example:
쏟다: 물을 쏟다 (mul-eul ssod-da) - to pour water.
쏟아지다: 비가 쏟아지다 (bi-ga ssod-a-ji-da) - rain pours down. - 내리다 (nae-ri-da)
- Meaning: To fall (for rain, snow, etc.); to descend.
- Difference: 내리다 is a general term for falling, especially weather phenomena. It doesn't necessarily imply the same intensity or abundance as 쏟아지다.
Example:
내리다: 비가 내린다 (bi-ga nae-rin-da) - Rain is falling. (Can be light or heavy).
쏟아지다: 폭우가 쏟아진다 (pok-u-ga ssod-a-jin-da) - A downpour is pouring down. - 붓다 (but-da)
- Meaning: To pour (transitive, often for liquids); to swell.
- Difference: Similar to 쏟다, 붓다 is transitive and implies an action of pouring. It can also mean to swell, adding another layer of meaning.
Example:
붓다: 국자를 붓다 (gukja-reul but-da) - to pour soup with a ladle.
쏟아지다: (No direct equivalent using 붓다 for the intransitive pouring down.) - 흐르다 (heu-reu-da)
- Meaning: To flow.
- Difference: 흐르다 describes continuous movement, usually horizontal or downward in a stream. 쏟아지다 is about a rapid, abundant downward fall from above.
Example:
흐르다: 강물이 흐른다 (gangmul-i heu-reun-da) - The river water is flowing.
쏟아지다: (Not used for the flow of a river.)
Comparison: 비가 쏟아지다 vs. 비가 내리다
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The intransitive suffix '-아지다' is quite common in Korean for verbs describing natural phenomena or involuntary actions. For example, '녹다' (nok-da - to melt) becomes '녹아지다' (nok-a-ji-da - to melt by itself). Similarly, '꺼지다' (kkeo-ji-da - to go out/turn off) is also formed this way.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing '쏟' as 'sot' with a hard 't' sound instead of a softer release.
- Merging the syllables, making it sound like 'sodajida' instead of 'sot-a-ji-da'.
- Making the 'ㅈ' (j) sound too much like 'ch' or too soft.
- Not emphasizing the first syllable sufficiently.
- Incorrectly adding an 'n' sound before 'da'.
難易度
The word itself is relatively straightforward in its core meaning. However, its frequent figurative use requires understanding context and nuance. Recognizing the difference between literal and metaphorical applications is key for higher levels of comprehension.
Using 쏟아지다 correctly in writing involves choosing the appropriate tense and politeness level, and crucially, understanding when its dramatic implication is fitting. Overuse or misapplication can sound unnatural.
Pronunciation is manageable, but fluency comes from using it naturally in conversation, especially when describing weather or reacting to overwhelming situations. Learners might hesitate to use it for figurative meanings.
In spoken Korean, especially in news or dramatic contexts, 쏟아지다 is quite common. Distinguishing its literal meaning (heavy rain) from figurative ones (criticism, compliments) is essential for accurate understanding.
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Intransitive verbs and the '-아지다' suffix.
쏟다 (transitive, to pour out) -> 쏟아지다 (intransitive, to pour down). Similar to 녹다 (melt) -> 녹아지다 (to melt by itself).
Using the past tense polite form '-았/었/였어요' with 쏟아지다.
비가 쏟아졌어요. (It poured.)
Using the present participle '-는' to modify nouns.
쏟아지는 비 (pouring rain).
Connecting clauses with '-아/어서' to show cause or sequence.
갑자기 비가 쏟아져서 집에 갔어요. (It suddenly poured, so I went home.)
Figurative use with nouns like '칭찬', '비난', '질문'.
칭찬이 쏟아지다. (Compliments pour down.)
レベル別の例文
비가 쏟아져요.
Rain pours.
Basic past tense polite form.
물 좀 쏟아져.
Some water poured out.
Informal command/statement.
눈이 쏟아질 거예요.
Snow will pour.
Future tense polite form.
갑자기 쏟아졌어.
It suddenly poured.
Informal past tense.
하늘에서 물이 쏟아졌어요.
Water poured from the sky.
Past tense polite form with a literal subject.
비가 쏟아지면 집에 갈게요.
If it pours, I will go home.
Conditional clause.
쓰레기가 쏟아졌어요.
Trash poured out.
Past tense polite form with a non-liquid subject.
쏟아지는 비를 맞았어요.
I got hit by pouring rain.
Present participle used as an adjective.
어젯밤에 폭우가 쏟아졌어요.
Last night, a heavy rain poured down.
Past tense, emphasizing 'heavy rain' (폭우).
갑자기 쏟아지는 바람에 길을 잃었어요.
Because the wind suddenly poured down, I got lost.
Using '-는 바람에' to show consequence of sudden event.
칭찬이 쏟아지자 그는 부끄러워했어요.
As compliments poured down, he became shy.
Figurative use, past tense with '-자' (as soon as).
쏟아지는 눈 속에서 길을 찾고 있었어요.
I was looking for the way in the pouring snow.
Present progressive with figurative subject (snow).
쏟아지는 질문에 답하기 힘들었어요.
It was difficult to answer the pouring questions.
Figurative use, past tense with '-기 힘들었어요'.
공장에서 페인트가 쏟아졌어요.
Paint poured out from the factory.
Literal use with a non-water liquid.
쏟아지는 햇살 아래서 낮잠을 잤어요.
I took a nap under the pouring sunshine.
Figurative use, implying intense sunlight.
쏟아지는 비 때문에 경기가 취소되었어요.
The game was canceled due to the pouring rain.
Past tense with '-때문에' (because of).
쏟아지는 별똥별을 보며 소원을 빌었어요.
I made a wish while watching the pouring shooting stars.
Figurative use for a spectacular natural event.
그의 연설에 대한 찬사가 쏟아졌다.
Praise for his speech poured down.
Past tense, formal ending, figurative use.
쏟아지는 정보를 처리하느라 정신이 없었어요.
I was overwhelmed trying to process the pouring information.
Figurative use with '-느라' (while doing).
쏟아지는 화살을 피하며 적진으로 돌격했다.
Dodging the pouring arrows, they charged into enemy lines.
Figurative use in a dramatic context.
쏟아지는 비 속에서도 공연은 계속되었다.
The performance continued even amidst the pouring rain.
Figurative use with '- 속에서도' (even amidst).
실수 연발로 인해 비난이 쏟아지기 시작했다.
Criticism began to pour down due to a series of mistakes.
Figurative use, past tense with '-기 시작했다'.
쏟아지는 물줄기를 피해 건너편으로 이동해야 했다.
We had to move to the other side to avoid the pouring streams of water.
Literal use describing strong water flow.
쏟아지는 상품 광고에 소비자들이 피로감을 느꼈다.
Consumers felt fatigued by the pouring advertisements for products.
Figurative use describing overwhelming advertising.
그의 재능에 대한 찬사가 전 세계에서 쏟아지고 있다는 소식이다.
The news is that praise for his talent is pouring in from all over the world.
Present progressive, figurative use, reporting news.
쏟아지는 비 때문에 산사태 위험이 증가하여 주민들이 대피했다.
Due to the pouring rain, the risk of landslides increased, and residents evacuated.
Figurative use of rain, connecting cause and effect.
쏟아지는 질문 공세에 그는 당황한 기색을 감추지 못했다.
He couldn't hide his flustered expression due to the barrage of questions.
Figurative use, describing an aggressive questioning session.
쏟아지는 악성 댓글에도 불구하고 그는 꿋꿋하게 자신의 길을 갔다.
Despite the pouring malicious comments, he steadfastly went his own way.
Figurative use, emphasizing resilience.
쏟아지는 파도에 휩쓸리지 않도록 닻을 단단히 내려야 했다.
We had to lower the anchor firmly so as not to be swept away by the pouring waves.
Figurative use of waves, implying intensity and danger.
쏟아지는 빗속에서 그의 목소리는 더욱 절박하게 들렸다.
In the pouring rain, his voice sounded even more desperate.
Combining literal rain with emotional description.
쏟아지는 투자 제안에 회사는 급성장할 기회를 맞았다.
With the pouring investment proposals, the company seized an opportunity for rapid growth.
Figurative use in a business context.
쏟아지는 군중 속에서 길을 잃지 않으려고 필사적이었다.
I was desperate to not get lost in the pouring crowd.
Figurative use for a very large, dense crowd.
쏟아지는 비난 속에서도 그는 자신의 신념을 굽히지 않았다.
Even amidst the pouring criticism, he did not bend his beliefs.
Sophisticated figurative use, emphasizing steadfastness.
쏟아지는 정보의 홍수 속에서 진실을 분별하기란 쉽지 않다.
It is not easy to discern the truth amidst the flood of pouring information.
Metaphorical use of 'flood' combined with 'pouring'.
쏟아지는 졸음 때문에 회의에 집중할 수가 없었다.
I couldn't concentrate on the meeting due to the pouring drowsiness.
Figurative use for overwhelming sleepiness.
쏟아지는 화염 속에서 그는 용감하게 전진했다.
He bravely advanced amidst the pouring flames.
Literal use for intense flames, emphasizing danger.
쏟아지는 감탄사 속에서 그의 겸손함은 더욱 빛났다.
His humility shone even brighter amidst the pouring exclamations of admiration.
Figurative use for overwhelming positive reactions.
쏟아지는 기회 속에서 그는 가장 현명한 선택을 해야 했다.
Amidst the pouring opportunities, he had to make the wisest choice.
Figurative use for numerous chances.
쏟아지는 탄산음료를 마시느라 배가 터질 것 같았다.
My stomach felt like it would burst from drinking the pouring carbonated drinks.
Exaggerated literal use for excessive consumption.
쏟아지는 물줄기는 마치 거대한 폭포수와 같았다.
The pouring streams of water were like a giant waterfall.
Descriptive use, comparing the intensity.
쏟아지는 빗속에서도 그의 연설은 청중의 마음을 사로잡았다.
Even in the pouring rain, his speech captivated the audience's hearts.
Juxtaposition of harsh weather and powerful emotional impact.
쏟아지는 비판에도 불구하고 그는 자신의 예술적 비전을 고수했다.
Despite the pouring criticism, he adhered to his artistic vision.
Emphasizes unwavering commitment against overwhelming opposition.
쏟아지는 정보의 바다에서 항해하며 진리의 등대를 찾아야 한다.
One must navigate the sea of pouring information to find the lighthouse of truth.
Highly metaphorical, using 'sea' and 'lighthouse' as symbols.
쏟아지는 화염의 장벽을 뚫고 그는 전우를 구출했다.
Breaking through the barrier of pouring flames, he rescued his comrade.
Dramatic and intense literal description of fire.
쏟아지는 감탄의 함성 속에서 그의 겸손은 더욱 돋보였다.
Amidst the pouring cheers of admiration, his humility stood out even more.
Elevated language for expressing overwhelming positive reception.
쏟아지는 기회의 파도 속에서 그는 중심을 잃지 않았다.
Amidst the waves of pouring opportunities, he did not lose his balance.
Metaphorical use of waves for opportunities, emphasizing control.
쏟아지는 빗물에 휩쓸려 간 추억들을 되짚어보았다.
He looked back on memories swept away by the pouring rainwater.
Poetic and evocative use, linking rain to memories and time.
쏟아지는 정보의 혼돈 속에서 질서의 씨앗을 뿌려야 한다.
One must sow the seeds of order amidst the chaos of pouring information.
Philosophical metaphor about managing information overload.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Heavy rain is pouring down.
하늘에 먹구름이 끼더니 갑자기 비가 쏟아지기 시작했다.
— A torrential downpour is occurring.
집중호우로 인해 도심 곳곳이 침수되었고, 폭우가 쏟아졌다.
— Heavy snow is falling rapidly.
새벽부터 눈이 쏟아져서 길이 온통 하얗게 변했다.
— In the pouring rain.
쏟아지는 빗속에서도 그는 묵묵히 자신의 일을 계속했다.
— Compliments are pouring in.
그녀의 새로운 작품에 대한 칭찬이 여기저기서 쏟아졌다.
— Criticism is pouring down.
그의 발언 실수로 인해 대중의 비난이 쏟아졌다.
— Questions are pouring in.
발표가 끝나자마자 기자들의 질문이 쏟아졌다.
— Shooting stars (metaphorical, implying many)
쏟아지는 별을 보며 간절히 소원을 빌었다.
— Intense, abundant sunshine.
따뜻한 쏟아지는 햇살 아래서 여유로운 시간을 보냈다.
— A flood of information.
인터넷 시대에는 쏟아지는 정보의 홍수 속에서 길을 잃기 쉽다.
よく混同される語
This is the transitive verb meaning 'to pour out'. 쏟아지다 is intransitive, meaning something pours down by itself. You pour water (물을 쏟다), but rain pours down (비가 쏟아지다).
While both mean 'to fall' (for weather), 내리다 is more general and can describe light rain, whereas 쏟아지다 specifically implies heavy, abundant falling.
Another transitive verb for 'to pour', often used for liquids. It's an active action by a subject, unlike the spontaneous falling of 쏟아지다.
慣用句と表現
— Even amidst pouring rain; no matter how difficult the circumstances.
쏟아지는 빗속에서도 그는 약속을 지켰다. (He kept his promise even amidst the pouring rain.)
Neutral— To receive a baptism/shower of (something); to be overwhelmed by a large amount of something.
그녀는 데뷔와 동시에 팬들의 사랑 세례를 받았다. (She received a baptism of fan love upon her debut.)
Figurative— Overwhelming drowsiness; feeling extremely sleepy.
점심 식사 후 쏟아지는 졸음 때문에 회의에 집중하기 어려웠다. (It was hard to concentrate on the meeting due to the overwhelming drowsiness after lunch.)
Figurative— Tears pouring down; crying heavily.
감동적인 영화를 보고 쏟아지는 눈물을 참을 수 없었다. (I couldn't hold back my pouring tears after watching the touching movie.)
Figurative— A fiery onslaught; severe criticism or attack.
그의 잘못된 결정으로 인해 회사 내부에 불벼락이 쏟아졌다. (Due to his wrong decision, a fiery onslaught poured down within the company.)
Figurative/Strong— Petals pouring down; often used poetically for a beautiful scene.
봄이 오자 벚꽃이 쏟아지는 아름다운 풍경이 펼쳐졌다. (As spring arrived, a beautiful scene of pouring cherry blossom petals unfolded.)
Poetic/Figurative— A barrage of questions; an aggressive questioning.
기자 회견에서 그는 질문 공세에 시달려야 했다. (He had to endure a barrage of questions at the press conference.)
Figurative— A shower of compliments; being praised excessively.
그의 노력 덕분에 쏟아지는 칭찬을 받았다. (Thanks to his efforts, he received a shower of compliments.)
Figurative— A flood of praise; high acclaim.
그의 연기에 대한 찬사가 쏟아져 나왔다. (A flood of praise for his acting came out.)
Figurative/Formal— Abundant opportunities; many chances presenting themselves.
그는 쏟아지는 기회 속에서 신중하게 자신의 길을 선택했다. (He carefully chose his path amidst the pouring opportunities.)
Figurative間違えやすい
Both words share the same root and relate to pouring.
쏟다 is a transitive verb, meaning an agent actively pours something out (e.g., 'I poured the water' - 제가 물을 쏟았어요). 쏟아지다 is an intransitive verb, meaning something pours down by itself or spontaneously (e.g., 'Rain is pouring down' - 비가 쏟아져요). You use 쏟다 when you are the one doing the pouring, and 쏟아지다 when the pouring is happening on its own.
저는 컵에 든 물을 쏟았어요. (I poured the water from the cup.) vs. 하늘에서 물이 쏟아졌어요. (Water poured from the sky.)
Both are used for weather phenomena like rain and snow falling.
내리다 is a general term for falling or descending, applicable to light rain, snow, or even things like a bus stopping. 쏟아지다 specifically emphasizes the *intensity* and *abundance* of the falling, particularly for rain or snow, implying a deluge or downpour. You can say '비가 내린다' (rain is falling) for any rain, but '비가 쏟아진다' implies heavy rain.
가볍게 비가 내리고 있어요. (It's lightly raining.) vs. 어젯밤에 비가 쏟아졌어요. (Last night, it poured rain.)
Both describe heavy pouring, often of rain.
퍼붓다 is also a verb meaning 'to pour heavily' or 'to shower'. It's very similar to 쏟다 (transitive) and often used similarly to 쏟아지다 (intransitive) when describing rain. However, 퍼붓다 can sometimes imply a more active, forceful pouring, almost like an attack. While '비가 퍼붓는다' (rain is pouring heavily) and '비가 쏟아진다' (rain is pouring down) are often interchangeable, 쏟아지다 might focus more on the abundance and continuous descent, while 퍼붓다 can emphasize the force.
밤새도록 비가 퍼부었다. (The rain poured heavily all night.) vs. 하늘에서 물이 쏟아졌다. (Water poured from the sky.)
Both involve liquids moving downwards.
흐르다 means 'to flow', describing the continuous movement of liquids, usually in a stream or current (like a river flowing). 쏟아지다 describes a rapid, abundant *falling* from above, like a waterfall or a heavy downpour. You wouldn't say '물이 흐르다' to describe rain pouring from the sky; you'd say '물이 쏟아지다'.
강물이 천천히 흐르고 있다. (The river water is flowing slowly.) vs. 빗물이 도로 위로 쏟아졌다. (Rainwater poured onto the road.)
Both can describe an overwhelming number of things falling or coming.
빗발치다 literally means 'raindrops falling thick and fast' and is very often used figuratively to describe a barrage of something – bullets, criticism, questions. While it implies abundance and intensity, it often carries a more literary or dramatic connotation than 쏟아지다. 쏟아지다 is more general for abundant downward falling, while 빗발치다 can feel more like a direct, rapid-fire assault.
쏟아지는 비난 속에서도 그는 굴하지 않았다. (Despite the pouring criticism, he did not yield.) vs. 그의 연설 후 질문이 빗발쳤다. (After his speech, questions rained down.)
文型パターン
[Subject] + 가/이 + 쏟아지다(-아요/어요).
비가 쏟아져요.
[Subject] + 가/이 + 쏟아지다(-았/었/였어요).
폭우가 쏟아졌어요.
[Cause] + -아/어서 + [Effect] + 쏟아지다.
바람이 불어서 나뭇잎이 쏟아졌어요.
쏟아지는 + [Noun].
쏟아지는 칭찬 속에서 그는 겸손했다.
[Figurative Subject] + 가/이 + 쏟아지다.
질문이 쏟아졌다.
[Subject] + 가/이 + 쏟아지고 있다.
지금 눈이 쏟아지고 있어요.
[Circumstance] + -에도 불구하고 + 쏟아지다.
비난에도 불구하고 그는 자신의 신념을 굽히지 않았다.
[Figurative Subject] + 의 + [Noun] + 가/이 + 쏟아지다.
쏟아지는 정보의 홍수 속에서 진실을 찾기 어렵다.
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
High, especially in contexts of weather and overwhelming situations.
-
Using 쏟아지다 for light rain.
→
비가 내리다.
쏟아지다 implies a heavy, abundant downpour. For light rain, '내리다' is more appropriate. For example, '이슬비가 쏟아졌다' is incorrect; it should be '이슬비가 내렸다.'
-
Using 쏟아지다 transitively.
→
저는 물을 쏟았어요. (I poured water.)
쏟아지다 is intransitive; it means something pours by itself. 쏟다 is the transitive verb where a subject actively pours something. Saying '물이 쏟아졌어요' means water poured down on its own.
-
Applying it to sparse or scattered items.
→
꽃잎이 흩날렸어요. (Petals fluttered.)
쏟아지다 suggests a concentrated, abundant fall. If items are scattered or falling sparsely, use verbs like '날리다' (to fly) or '흩뿌리다' (to scatter).
-
Confusing intensity with frequency.
→
비가 쏟아졌어요. (It poured.)
쏟아지다 emphasizes the volume and speed of the fall, not just how often something happens. If something happens frequently but not abundantly or rapidly, another verb might be better.
-
Overusing for non-falling phenomena.
→
그의 연설이 큰 인기를 끌었다. (His speech gained great popularity.)
While '칭찬이 쏟아졌다' is figurative, 쏟아지다 should still imply a sense of 'falling' or 'arriving from above'. Using it for general popularity or success without that sense of influx can be unnatural.
ヒント
Mastering the '쏟'
The initial sound '쏟' (ssot) is crucial. It's an aspirated consonant cluster followed by a short 'o' vowel. Practice saying 'ssot' clearly, ensuring it doesn't sound like 'sot' with a hard 't' or like 'shot'. Think of a quick, sharp 'ss' sound followed by 'ot'.
Literal vs. Figurative
Always consider the context. If someone is talking about the weather, it's likely literal (heavy rain/snow). If they are discussing reactions to an event, news, or performance, it's probably figurative (criticism, praise, questions). This distinction is key to understanding the intended meaning.
Intransitive Nature
Remember that 쏟아지다 is intransitive. It describes something happening on its own or being acted upon by nature, not by a direct human agent pouring it. Contrast this with 쏟다 (transitive), where a person actively pours something.
Intensity Matters
쏟아지다 implies a significant amount and rapid descent. If it's just a light drizzle or a few drops, use other verbs like 내리다 or 오다. 쏟아지다 is for downpours, deluges, or overwhelming influxes.
Visual Associations
Create vivid mental images: a sky turned upside down pouring water, a stage showered with flowers, or a person bombarded by a hail of questions. These strong visuals will help anchor the word's meaning.
Sentence Building
Actively try to construct sentences using 쏟아지다 in different tenses and contexts. Describe a recent heavy rain, a time you received many compliments, or a situation where you felt overwhelmed by information.
Expressiveness
Korean often uses vivid verbs to describe phenomena. 쏟아지다 is one such verb that adds dramatic flair and emphasizes the intensity of an event, whether natural or social.
vs. 내리다
Think of 내리다 as 'to fall' (general) and 쏟아지다 as 'to pour down' (intense). If the rain is just falling, use 내리다. If it's a torrential downpour, use 쏟아지다.
Beyond Liquids
Don't limit yourself to liquids. Recognize its power in describing overwhelming abstract concepts like criticism, praise, questions, or even opportunities. The core is abundance and rapid arrival.
Active Listening
Pay attention when listening to Korean media (news, dramas, movies). Notice how native speakers use 쏟아지다 to describe weather or other overwhelming situations. This will reinforce your understanding and usage.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a giant faucet in the sky labeled 'SKY' (스카이). When it's turned on, water (비) starts to pour down rapidly. 'Sky' (스카이) sounds a bit like 'ssot' (쏟), and the water 'pours' (쏟아지다). So, 'Sky' faucet pours water.
視覚的連想
Picture a heavy rainstorm where the sky looks like it's being tipped over, with a massive amount of water rapidly descending. Alternatively, visualize a performer being showered with a cascade of flowers after a great show.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe three different scenarios (one literal, two figurative) where 쏟아지다 would be the most appropriate verb. For example, describing a heavy thunderstorm, a surge of job offers, and an overwhelming amount of congratulations.
語源
The verb 쏟아지다 is derived from the base verb 쏟다 (ssod-da), which means 'to pour out'. The suffix '-아지다 (-ajida)' is an intransitive suffix that indicates a change of state or a spontaneous action. Therefore, 쏟아지다 literally means 'to pour out by itself' or 'to become poured out'.
元の意味： To pour out oneself; to become poured out.
Koreanic文化的な背景
The term itself is neutral but can be used in contexts that evoke strong emotions (e.g., criticism, disaster). When used figuratively, ensure the context aligns with the intensity implied.
While 'to pour' is a direct translation, English often uses phrases like 'it's pouring,' 'a downpour,' 'a deluge,' or 'raining cats and dogs' for heavy rain. For figurative uses, English might say 'a flood of compliments' or 'a barrage of criticism.'
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Weather forecast discussions
- 비가 쏟아질 거예요.
- 폭우가 예상됩니다.
- 눈이 쏟아지는 날씨입니다.
Describing intense events
- 칭찬이 쏟아졌어요.
- 비난이 쏟아졌다.
- 질문이 쏟아졌습니다.
Expressing strong emotions
- 눈물이 쏟아졌어요.
- 웃음이 쏟아졌다.
- 한숨이 쏟아졌다.
Natural phenomena
- 별똥별이 쏟아졌어요.
- 햇살이 쏟아졌습니다.
- 꽃잎이 쏟아졌어요.
Describing overwhelming situations
- 정보가 쏟아져요.
- 기회가 쏟아졌어요.
- 쏟아지는 군중 속에서.
会話のきっかけ
"오늘 날씨가 정말 쏟아질 것 같은데, 우산 챙겼어요?"
"어제 들었던 소식 중에 가장 놀라웠던 건, 칭찬이 쏟아졌다는 거였어요. 당신은 어땠어요?"
"혹시 최근에 쏟아지는 비 때문에 곤란했던 경험 있으신가요?"
"제가 요즘 쏟아지는 업무 때문에 정신이 없는데, 혹시 스트레스 해소법 좀 알려주실 수 있나요?"
"쏟아지는 별똥별을 본 적 있으세요? 소원 빌었는지 궁금하네요!"
日記のテーマ
오늘 쏟아졌던 비에 대해 묘사해 보세요. 어떤 느낌이었나요?
최근에 당신에게 쏟아졌던 긍정적인 피드백이나 칭찬에 대해 적어보고, 그것이 당신에게 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지 생각해 보세요.
만약 당신이 쏟아지는 정보의 홍수 속에서 길을 잃었다면, 어떻게 다시 중심을 잡을 수 있을지 계획을 세워보세요.
쏟아지는 비난이나 부정적인 말들에 어떻게 대처하고 싶은지, 당신의 감정과 생각을 글로 써보세요.
당신이 경험했던 가장 강렬했던 자연 현상 중 하나를 묘사하며, 그때 쏟아지던 무언가(비, 눈, 바람 등)에 대해 이야기해 보세요.
よくある質問
10 問쏟다 is a transitive verb meaning 'to pour out' something actively. For example, 'I poured water' is '저는 물을 쏟았어요.' 쏟아지다 is an intransitive verb meaning 'to pour down' or 'to fall abundantly', usually referring to natural phenomena like rain or figurative situations like criticism pouring in. For instance, 'Rain is pouring down' is '비가 쏟아져요.' The key difference is whether there's an active agent doing the pouring (쏟다) or if the pouring is happening spontaneously (쏟아지다).
Yes, absolutely! While rain is the most common literal use, 쏟아지다 is frequently used figuratively. You can talk about '칭찬이 쏟아지다' (compliments pouring in), '비난이 쏟아지다' (criticism pouring down), '질문이 쏟아지다' (questions pouring in), or even '별똥별이 쏟아지다' (shooting stars pouring down, meaning many shooting stars). The core idea is an overwhelming abundance falling rapidly.
No, not at all. While it can describe negative things like criticism or heavy rain causing problems, it can also describe positive things like compliments, praise, or even beautiful natural events like shooting stars or abundant sunshine ('쏟아지는 햇살'). The verb itself is neutral; its connotation depends on the subject it's paired with.
Use 쏟아지다 when the rain is heavy, intense, and abundant – a downpour or deluge. Use 내리다 for general rain, which can include light drizzles, steady rain, or even heavy rain. If you want to emphasize the force and volume of the rain, 쏟아지다 is the better choice. For example, '비가 내리고 있어요' (It's raining) is general, while '비가 쏟아지고 있어요' (It's pouring rain) implies heavy rain.
쏟아지다 specifically refers to things falling *down* rapidly and abundantly, typically from above. Think of rain falling from the sky. 몰아치다 means to surge, rush, or sweep over, often implying force and movement, but not necessarily falling from above. For example, waves might 몰아치다 (surge) against the shore, or emotions might 몰아치다 (surge) within a person. While both imply intensity, 쏟아지다 is about downward descent, and 몰아치다 is about forceful movement or overwhelming presence.
Yes, in a figurative sense. While its primary literal meaning is for liquids, it's commonly used for abstract things like criticism, compliments, questions, or even physical objects if they are falling in a way that resembles a pour, like confetti or petals. For example, '꽃잎이 쏟아졌다' (petals poured down) is a poetic usage. The key is the sense of overwhelming quantity and rapid descent.
'쏟아지는 별' literally translates to 'pouring stars'. It's commonly used to describe a meteor shower, where many shooting stars are visible at once, giving the impression that they are 'pouring' down from the sky. It's a poetic and evocative way to describe seeing numerous shooting stars.
Yes, the noun form is '쏟아짐' (ssod-a-jim), which refers to the act or state of pouring down. For example, '폭우로 인한 쏟아짐' (pok-u-ro in-han ssod-a-jim) means 'the pouring caused by heavy rain'. However, it's less commonly used than the verb form itself.
The most common and direct way to say 'It's pouring' (referring to rain) is '비가 쏟아져요' (bi-ga ssod-a-jyeo-yo) in polite informal speech, or '비가 쏟아진다' (bi-ga ssod-a-jin-da) in plain form. If it's particularly heavy, you might say '폭우가 쏟아져요' (pok-u-ga ssod-a-jyeo-yo).
These are almost opposite. 쏟아지다 means to pour down in large quantities from above. 흩뿌리다 is a transitive verb meaning 'to scatter' or 'to sprinkle'. It implies spreading things out sparsely, not pouring them down abundantly. For example, you might 흩뿌리다 confetti (색종이를 흩뿌리다), but rain 쏟아지다.
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Summary
쏟아지다 means to pour down rapidly in large quantities, most commonly used for heavy rain but also figuratively for an overwhelming influx of things like compliments or criticism.
- Pouring down rapidly, like heavy rain.
- Describes an overwhelming amount falling.
- Used for literal rain and figurative criticism.
- Implies abundance and speed of descent.
Mastering the '쏟'
The initial sound '쏟' (ssot) is crucial. It's an aspirated consonant cluster followed by a short 'o' vowel. Practice saying 'ssot' clearly, ensuring it doesn't sound like 'sot' with a hard 't' or like 'shot'. Think of a quick, sharp 'ss' sound followed by 'ot'.
Literal vs. Figurative
Always consider the context. If someone is talking about the weather, it's likely literal (heavy rain/snow). If they are discussing reactions to an event, news, or performance, it's probably figurative (criticism, praise, questions). This distinction is key to understanding the intended meaning.
Intransitive Nature
Remember that 쏟아지다 is intransitive. It describes something happening on its own or being acted upon by nature, not by a direct human agent pouring it. Contrast this with 쏟다 (transitive), where a person actively pours something.
Intensity Matters
쏟아지다 implies a significant amount and rapid descent. If it's just a light drizzle or a few drops, use other verbs like 내리다 or 오다. 쏟아지다 is for downpours, deluges, or overwhelming influxes.
関連コンテンツ
natureの関連語
~에 대한
A2「〜に関する」「〜についての」という意味の文法表現です。
~게
A2形容詞を副詞に変える接尾辞で、日本語の「〜く」や「〜に」に相当します。
공기
A1私たちが吸う空気。「山の空気はとても澄んでいます。」
몽땅
B1몽땅 は「すべて」「完全に」を意味します。何かが完全に消費されたり、なくなったり、関わったりする場合に使用されます。全体性を強調します。
온갖
B1あらゆる、ありとあらゆる。名詞の前に置いて、非常に多様な種類があることを示す。
~을/를 따라서
A2何かに沿って移動したり、何かの指示に従って行動したりすることを示します。「川に沿って歩く」や「指示に従って行う」などです。
동물
A1植物に対して、動いたり感覚を持ったりする生き物。韓国語の「動物」は漢字で「動く物」を意味します。
개미
A1コロニーと呼ばれる大きな集団で生活する、小さくて一般的な昆虫。非常に忙しく勤勉なことで知られています。
주위에
A2家の周りに公園がたくさんあります。 (주위에)
그대로
A2そのまま。状態を変えずに、あるいは示された通りに物事を行うことを表す副詞。
