Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of asking for what you need and describing the world around you in Portuguese.
- Distinguish between asking for information and requesting items.
- Identify the difference between formal and colloquial ways to describe existence.
- Apply these structures to navigate daily life in Brazil or Portugal.
学べること
Hey there, future Portuguese speaker! Get ready to unlock some super essential communication skills in this exciting new chapter. We're diving deep into how to ask questions and describe what exists around you, making your conversations flow naturally. First up, we'll tackle the crucial difference between two verbs: 'perguntar' and 'pedir'. Think of 'perguntar' as asking to *know* something – like asking for information,
What time is it?On the other hand, 'pedir' is for asking to *get* something, whether it's ordering a delicious pizza, asking for a favor, or even hailing an Uber. Mastering this distinction will instantly boost your ability to express your needs clearly! Next, we'll learn how to say
there is or there are in Portuguese. You'll discover 'Há', a more formal and invariable way to express existence or denote time passed. But here's a secret for sounding like a local in casual Brazilian Portuguese: you'll often hear and use 'tem'. We'll show you exactly when and how to switch between them to sound completely natural.
Imagine yourself confidently ordering your favorite meal at a bustling Rio de Janeiro restaurant, asking for directions to that hidden beach, or simply describing what's in your new apartment. By the end of this chapter, you won't just know the rules; you'll be able to actively ask for information, make requests, and describe your surroundings with ease. This is foundational for real-world interactions, and trust us, it's totally achievable and incredibly rewarding!
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質問する：動詞 'Perguntar'情報を知りたいなら
perguntar、何かを頼むならpedirを使いましょう。活用は-ar動詞の基本ルール通りです。 -
物の頼み方・注文の仕方 (Pedir)「モノ」や「お願い」が欲しい時は
pedir、「答え」が知りたい時はperguntarを使いましょう！ -
「ある・いる」の言い方 (Há)「〜がある」も「〜前」も、ぜんぶ «Há» ひとつでOK！単数でも複数でも形は変わらない便利な「魔法の言葉」です。
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「ある・いる」を 'Ter' で表現する（口語体）ブラジルの日常会話では、
temを使って「〜がある・いる」と言うのが一番自然でネイティブっぽく聞こえますよ！
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Ask for information using 'perguntar' and request items using 'pedir'.
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2
By the end you will be able to: Describe the existence of people and objects using 'há' and 'ter'.
チャプターガイド
Overview
there is or there are like a native.How This Grammar Works
to ask when you are seeking information. Think of it as asking *to know* something. For example:to ask, but specifically when you are asking *to get* something, making a request, or ordering. This is key for practical situations!correct way to say there is or there are. It is invariable, meaning it doesn't change for singular or plural, and it can also denote time passed.there is or there are. This is more informal and common in spoken language.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: Eu peço a hora.
- 1✗ Wrong: Hão muitos livros.
hões or «hás.»- 1✗ Wrong: Você tem um copo d'água? (meaning
Is there a glass of water?
)
to have, when used impersonally for there is/are, it's typically just tem, not conjugated with a subject like você unless you mean Do *you* have a glass of water?.
Real Conversations
A
B
A
B
A
B
Quick FAQ
What is the main difference between perguntar and pedir in Portuguese?
Perguntar means to ask for information (to *know* something), while pedir means to ask for a request, a favor, or to order something (to *get* something).
When should I use há versus tem for there is/are in Portuguese?
Há is the formal, grammatically standard, and invariable form, often used in writing or more formal speech. Tem is the very common, colloquial, and informal way to say there is/are in spoken Brazilian Portuguese.
How do I form a basic question in A1 Portuguese?
Often, you can simply raise your voice at the end of a statement, or add a question word like onde (where), quando (when), quem (who), or o quê (what) at the beginning. For example, Você é brasileiro? (Are you Brazilian?).
Can tem also mean has in Portuguese?
Yes! The verb ter primarily means to have (e.g., Eu tenho um carro - I have a car). Its use as there is/are (Tem um carro aqui - There is a car here) is a common colloquialism in Brazilian Portuguese.
Cultural Context
there is/are is overwhelmingly dominant in everyday spoken language. While há is understood and used in formal contexts or written Portuguese, relying on tem will make you sound much more natural and integrated into local conversations. When making requests with pedir, adding polite phrases like por favor (please) and com licença (excuse me) is always appreciated and shows respect.重要な例文 (4)
ヒントとコツ (4)
WhatsAppでのマナー
Posso te perguntar uma coisa?と送ってみましょう。
前置詞は入れないで！
Pedir pizza だけで「ピザを頼む」という意味になります。複数形にしなくてOK！
Há muitos carros na rua.
複数形でも形はそのまま！
Tem muitos problemas. と言うのが100%自然です。重要な語彙 (6)
Real-World Preview
At a Cafe in Lisbon
Review Summary
- Perguntar + [question/info]
- Pedir + [object]
- Há + [noun]
- Tem + [noun]
よくある間違い
You are seeking knowledge, not a physical object, so use 'perguntar'.
Using 'tem' only describes existence; you need 'pedir' to request assistance.
While 'há' is grammatically correct, 'tem' is much more natural in everyday Brazilian conversation.
このチャプターのルール (4)
Next Steps
You have completed the A1 level! Your foundation is strong and you are ready for more complex conversations. Keep practicing every day!
Listen to a Brazilian podcast episode.
クイック練習 (9)
___ muitas promoções no site hoje.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「ある・いる」を 'Ter' で表現する（口語体）
正しい文章を選んでください：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 質問する：動詞 'Perguntar'
Find and fix the mistake:
Há um gato no telhado.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「ある・いる」を 'Ter' で表現する（口語体）
Find and fix the mistake:
Nós pedir a conta, por favor.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 物の頼み方・注文の仕方 (Pedir)
Find and fix the mistake:
Nós perguntam o preço.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 質問する：動詞 'Perguntar'
友達に「今夜パーティーがあるよ」と伝えるには？
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「ある・いる」を 'Ter' で表現する（口語体）
「彼女はサラダを注文します」の正しい訳を選んでください。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 物の頼み方・注文の仕方 (Pedir)
Eu ___ uma água com gás. (炭酸水を注文します)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 物の頼み方・注文の仕方 (Pedir)
Eu ___ o endereço da festa.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 質問する：動詞 'Perguntar'
Score: /9
よくある質問 (6)
eu me pergunto を使いましょう。例えば Eu me pergunto por que ele não ligou （なぜ彼が電話してこなかったのかなあ）と言えます。Pergunto ao meu pai （父に聞く）のように 'a' を添えます。Eu peço となる不規則な形を持っています。fazer uma pergunta を使いましょう。Tem café? のように言います。Há um homem も Há uma mulher も同じ形を使います。
