Chapter in 30 Seconds
Unlock the Japanese logic of counting objects by their shape and size.
- Distinguish between counting shapes like 'long' vs 'flat'.
- Select the correct counter for animals based on size.
- Quantify daily activities and drinks with precision.
배울 내용
Hey smart learner! You've already made amazing progress with the Japanese basics, and now it's time to take another huge leap towards speaking like a native! Did you know that in Japanese, counting isn't just saying one, two, three? It actually depends on *what* you're counting! In this exciting chapter, you'll master how to count long, slender things like pencils using ~hon (本), flat objects like sheets of paper with ~mai (枚), and even differentiate between small animals (~匹, hiki) and large beasts (~頭, tou). We'll also dive into counting machines and gadgets with ~dai (台) and books with ~satsu (冊). Imagine confidently ordering exactly two cups of tea at a cafe using ~hai (杯), or telling your friend how many times (~回, kai) you practice Japanese each week. These counters might seem a little unusual at first, but I promise that once you master them, your conversations will become much more natural and precise. By the end of this chapter, you'll never make a counting mistake again and will be able to accurately quantify anything and everything, just like a true Japanese speaker. Ready for this fun challenge? Let's go!
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가늘고 긴 물건 세기 (~本 hon)길쭉한 물건을 셀 때는 «~本»을 사용하고, 특히 발음이 변하는 «1, 3, 6, 8, 10»번만 주의하면 완벽해요!
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평평한 물건 세기 (~枚 mai)종이, 티셔츠, 접시처럼 얇고 평평한 건 고민 말고 «~枚(まい)»를 붙여보세요!
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동물 세기 (hiki vs. tou)작은 반려동물이나 곤충은
匹 (hiki), 덩치가 큰 동물이나 일하는 동물은 «頭 (tou)»를 사용해서 세어보세요! -
기계와 도구 세기: 조수사 ~台 (~dai)엔진, 화면, 플러그가 있는 기계나 큰 가구는 모두 «~台»(dai) 하나로 해결할 수 있어요.
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일본어로 책 세기 (~冊 satsu)제본된 책이나 노트는 무조건 «~冊»로 세고, 1, 8, 10의
작은 tsu발음만 조심하면 끝이에요! -
컵과 음료 세기: ~杯 (hai)컵이나 그릇에 담긴 것을 셀 때는 «~杯»를 사용하고, 특히 «1, 3, 6, 8, 10»에서 일어나는 발음 변화만 주의하면 완벽해요!
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횟수와 빈도 세기 (~回)숫자 뒤에 «~回»를 붙여서 횟수를 세고, «1, 6, 8, 10»의 특별한 발음만 기억하면 끝이에요!
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to order specific quantities of drinks and food at a restaurant using ~hai and ~mai.
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2
By the end you will be able to describe the number of pets or zoo animals using ~hiki and ~tou.
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3
By the end you will be able to quantify technical possessions like phones and cars using ~dai.
챕터 가이드
Overview
one, two, three?How This Grammar Works
times, as in 一回 (ikkai - once) or 三回 (sankai - three times). Mastering these specific Japanese counters will significantly enhance your A2 Japanese proficiency.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: ペン二つ (Pen futatsu)
- 1✗ Wrong: 象一匹 (Zou ippiki)
- 1✗ Wrong: コーヒー三杯 (Koohii sanhai)
three cups, san + hai becomes sanbai, not sanhai. Practice these variations!Real Conversations
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B
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Quick FAQ
What's the most common Japanese counter if I forget the specific one?
While it's always best to use specific counters, ~tsu (一つ, 二つ, 三つ, etc.) is a generic counter for many small, non-specific items up to ten. However, using the correct specific counter sounds much more natural and advanced.
Do all Japanese numbers have special pronunciations with counters?
Many counters have specific pronunciation changes, especially for numbers 1, 3, 6, 8, and 10, and also for how many (nan). It's crucial to learn these alongside the counter itself for accurate Japanese grammar.
Can I use the same counter for both living and non-living things?
Generally, no. Counters are highly specific. For instance, ~hiki is for small animals, while ~hon is for long, inanimate objects. Each counter has its own category of items, making Japanese counting unique.
Cultural Context
주요 예문 (6)
팁과 요령 (4)
'책' 함정에 빠지지 마세요
~冊 (사츠)를 써요. «本を二冊買いました。»접혀 있어도 괜찮아요!
안내견을 위한 특별한 예우
기계라면 일단 ~台!
핵심 어휘 (7)
Real-World Preview
At a Stationery Store
Ordering at a Cafe
Review Summary
- Number + 本 (ほん/ぽん/ぼん)
- Number + 杯 (はい/ぱい/ばい)
자주 하는 실수
Because the kanji for 'book' is 本, beginners often use the ~hon counter. However, books are bound and use ~satsu.
While ~tsu is a general counter, it sounds less natural for drinks in a formal cafe setting where ~hai is expected.
Elephants are large animals and require ~tou instead of the small animal counter ~hiki.
이 챕터의 규칙 (7)
Next Steps
You've just conquered one of the most unique parts of the Japanese language. Keep practicing and soon these counters will feel like second nature!
Go through your room and name 5 objects with their correct counters.
Write a grocery list using counters for every item.
빠른 연습 (10)
{本|ほん}을 ___ {買|か}었습니다.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 일본어로 책 세기 (~冊 satsu)
{紙を|かみを} ___ {持っています|もっています}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 평평한 물건 세기 (~枚 mai)
다음 중 하나를 고르세요:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 일본어로 책 세기 (~冊 satsu)
すみません、コーヒーを___ (1 cup) ください。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 컵과 음료 세기: ~杯 (hai)
Find and fix the mistake:
어제 오니기리를 {六回|ろくかい} 먹었습니다.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 횟수와 빈도 세기 (~回)
{一週間|いっしゅうかん}에 ___, 파티를 합니다.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 횟수와 빈도 세기 (~回)
이 문장에서 틀린 곳은 어디일까요? '自転車が一本あります。' (Jitensha ga ippon arimasu.)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 기계와 도구 세기: 조수사 ~台 (~dai)
문법적으로 맞는 문장을 고르세요:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 횟수와 빈도 세기 (~回)
자동차 세 대를 올바르게 센 문장은 무엇인가요?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 기계와 도구 세기: 조수사 ~台 (~dai)
컴퓨터가 두 대 있습니다. パソコンが ___ あります。 (Pasokon ga ___ arimasu.)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 기계와 도구 세기: 조수사 ~台 (~dai)
Score: /10