Counting Everything
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Unlock the Japanese logic of counting objects by their shape and size.
- Distinguish between counting shapes like 'long' vs 'flat'.
- Select the correct counter for animals based on size.
- Quantify daily activities and drinks with precision.
O que você vai aprender
Hey smart learner! You've already made amazing progress with the Japanese basics, and now it's time to take another huge leap towards speaking like a native! Did you know that in Japanese, counting isn't just saying one, two, three? It actually depends on *what* you're counting! In this exciting chapter, you'll master how to count long, slender things like pencils using ~hon (本), flat objects like sheets of paper with ~mai (枚), and even differentiate between small animals (~匹, hiki) and large beasts (~頭, tou). We'll also dive into counting machines and gadgets with ~dai (台) and books with ~satsu (冊). Imagine confidently ordering exactly two cups of tea at a cafe using ~hai (杯), or telling your friend how many times (~回, kai) you practice Japanese each week. These counters might seem a little unusual at first, but I promise that once you master them, your conversations will become much more natural and precise. By the end of this chapter, you'll never make a counting mistake again and will be able to accurately quantify anything and everything, just like a true Japanese speaker. Ready for this fun challenge? Let's go!
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Contando objetos longos (~本 hon)Use o contador «~本» para tudo que for comprido e fino, mas fique de olho nas mudanças de som como
ippon,sanboneroppon! -
Contando objetos planos (~枚 mai)Você já sabe contar o básico — agora use o «~枚» (mai) para tudo que for fininho e plano, como
papel,camisetasoupratos. -
Contando animais (hiki vs. tou)Você vai usar «~匹 (hiki)» para pets e insetos, e «~頭 (tou)» para feras gigantes ou animais de trabalho.
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Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)Você vai usar o «~台» (dai) para contar qualquer coisa que tenha motor, tela, tomada ou que seja um móvel bem grande.
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Contando livros em japonês (~冊 satsu)Conte qualquer coisa com lombada ou encadernação usando «~冊», lembrando da pronúncia com 'tsu' pequeno em «一冊», «八冊» e «十冊».
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Contar copos e bebidas: ~杯 (hai)Use o contador «~杯» para tudo que vem em copos, xícaras ou tigelas, lembrando dos sons especiais
ippai,sanbaieroppai. -
Contando frequência e ocorrências (~回)Basta adicionar «~回» (kai) depois do número para contar ocorrências, mas lembre-se dos sons irregulares em «1», «6», «8» e «10».
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to order specific quantities of drinks and food at a restaurant using ~hai and ~mai.
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2
By the end you will be able to describe the number of pets or zoo animals using ~hiki and ~tou.
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3
By the end you will be able to quantify technical possessions like phones and cars using ~dai.
Guia do capítulo
Overview
one, two, three?How This Grammar Works
times, as in 一回 (ikkai - once) or 三回 (sankai - three times). Mastering these specific Japanese counters will significantly enhance your A2 Japanese proficiency.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: ペン二つ (Pen futatsu)
- 1✗ Wrong: 象一匹 (Zou ippiki)
- 1✗ Wrong: コーヒー三杯 (Koohii sanhai)
three cups, san + hai becomes sanbai, not sanhai. Practice these variations!Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
What's the most common Japanese counter if I forget the specific one?
While it's always best to use specific counters, ~tsu (一つ, 二つ, 三つ, etc.) is a generic counter for many small, non-specific items up to ten. However, using the correct specific counter sounds much more natural and advanced.
Do all Japanese numbers have special pronunciations with counters?
Many counters have specific pronunciation changes, especially for numbers 1, 3, 6, 8, and 10, and also for how many (nan). It's crucial to learn these alongside the counter itself for accurate Japanese grammar.
Can I use the same counter for both living and non-living things?
Generally, no. Counters are highly specific. For instance, ~hiki is for small animals, while ~hon is for long, inanimate objects. Each counter has its own category of items, making Japanese counting unique.
Cultural Context
Exemplos-chave (8)
Ie ni terebi ga san-dai arimasu.
Temos três TVs em casa.
Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)Kuruma o ichi-dai karitai n desu ga.
Eu gostaria de alugar um carro.
Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)Gohan o sanbai mo tabemashita!
Comi três tigelas inteiras de arroz!
Contar copos e bebidas: ~杯 (hai){一日|いちにち}に{一回|いっかい}サプリを{飲|の}みます。
Tomo suplementos uma vez por dia.
Contando frequência e ocorrências (~回)Dicas e truques (4)
A Armadilha do Livro
~本 significar livro, ele NÃO conta livros. Para livros, use ~冊 (satsu): «本を二冊読みました。»Dobrou? Ainda conta!
A Regra do Cão de Serviço
A Regra da Mecânica
Vocabulário-chave (7)
Real-World Preview
At a Stationery Store
Ordering at a Cafe
Review Summary
- Number + 本 (ほん/ぽん/ぼん)
- Number + 杯 (はい/ぱい/ばい)
Erros comuns
Because the kanji for 'book' is 本, beginners often use the ~hon counter. However, books are bound and use ~satsu.
While ~tsu is a general counter, it sounds less natural for drinks in a formal cafe setting where ~hai is expected.
Elephants are large animals and require ~tou instead of the small animal counter ~hiki.
Regras neste capítulo (7)
Next Steps
You've just conquered one of the most unique parts of the Japanese language. Keep practicing and soon these counters will feel like second nature!
Go through your room and name 5 objects with their correct counters.
Write a grocery list using counters for every item.
Prática rápida (10)
{一週間|いっしゅうかん}に___、パーティーをします。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando frequência e ocorrências (~回)
Eu tenho dois computadores. パソコンが ___ あります。 (Pasokon ga ___ arimasu.)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)
Find and fix the mistake:
{本|ほん}を{三本|さんぼん}{買いました|かいました}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando objetos longos (~本 hon)
{本|ほん}を___ {买|か}いました。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando livros em japonês (~冊 satsu)
Find and fix the mistake:
Olhe esta frase: '自転車が一本あります。' (Jitensha ga ippon arimasu.)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)
Escolha a pergunta correta:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando livros em japonês (~冊 satsu)
{傘|かさ}を[ ]{持って|もって}います。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando objetos longos (~本 hon)
Qual frase conta corretamente três carros?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando Máquinas e Gadgets: O Contador ~台 (~dai)
すみません、コーヒーを___ (1 cup) ください。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contar copos e bebidas: ~杯 (hai)
Find and fix the mistake:
昨日、おにぎりを{六回|ろくかい}食べました。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Contando frequência e ocorrências (~回)
Score: /10