Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of the Chinese passive voice to sound more natural and descriptive.
- Master the 'bèi' (被) structure for standard passive sentences.
- Use 'gěi' (给) and 'ràng/jiào' (让/叫) for casual, everyday conversations.
- Apply 'shòudào' (受到) to express receiving abstract influences and praise.
배울 내용
Ready to level up your Chinese and sound more natural? This chapter is all about understanding the passive voice – how to talk about things that happen *to* people or objects, especially when you don't know who did it, or you want to focus on the event itself. It sounds complicated, but trust me, it's super useful and actually pretty fun in Chinese! We'll dive into 7 key ways to use the passive. First, you'll master 'bèi' (被). This powerful word is often used for slightly unfortunate events – think
My phone was stolenor
My bag was snatched.You'll learn how to clearly state what happened to something. Then, we'll get colloquial with 'gěi' (给), a more casual way to express something happening, like
My cake got eaten by my friend.After that, 'ràng/jiào' (让/叫) will teach you how to say things like
My friend made me do itor
I was made to wait,in a relaxed, everyday tone. Finally, you'll discover 'shòudào' (受到), perfect for describing receiving abstract things like praise, attention, or influence –
I received a lot of praise.Imagine chatting with friends and being able to say,
My photo got liked!or
I was helped on the street.Or even
This award was given to me.By the end of this chapter, you'll confidently navigate these everyday situations. You won't just be learning grammar; you'll be unlocking a whole new way to tell stories and share your experiences in Chinese. Let's make your Chinese even more awesome!
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중국어 피동문: ~함을 당하다 (被)피동 표현 '被'는 어떤 일이 '내게' 일어났는지, 특히 안 좋은 일이나 예상치 못한 일을 말할 때 써요. «被»는 '피해자' 느낌!
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피동문 被 (Bèi): '피해자'가 되는 문장나에게 일어난 '안 좋은 일'이나 '결과'에 집중하고 싶을 땐 «被» 하나만 기억하세요!
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수동태 'bèi' (被): 나에게 일어난 일들피동문 被(bèi)는 주로 '당한 일'이나 '결과'를 강조할 때 쓰는 마법의 도구예요. «피해자», «결과 보어», «부정어 위치» 이 세 가지만 기억하면 끝!
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`被`(bèi) 수동태: 불행한 사건에 대해 말하기피동문 «被»는 주로 원치 않는 «안타까운 일»을 말할 때 써요. «피해자 중심»이 핵심 키워드예요.
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구어체 수동태 (给)피동문에서 동사 앞에 «给»를 쏙 넣어주면 훨씬 생생하고 자연스러운 느낌을 줄 수 있어요.
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감정의 수동태: '受到' (shòudào) 사용법추상적인 관심, 칭찬, 영향 등을 자연스럽게 '받다'라고 표현하고 싶을 땐 «受到»를 사용하세요.
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{让/叫|ràng/jiào}를 사용한 구어체 수동태누군가에게 당한(?) 억울한 상황을 친구에게 하소연하듯 말할 때 «让» 이나 «叫» 뒤에 범인을 넣어보세요. «당하다», «~가 해버리다» 같은 뉘앙스예요.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to describe an unfortunate event using the 'bèi' (被) structure correctly.
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2
By the end you will be able to differentiate between formal and informal passive markers in speech.
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3
By the end you will be able to express receiving abstract concepts like 'welcome' or 'influence' using 'shòudào'.
챕터 가이드
Overview
The Passive Voice: When Things Happen to You,is designed to unlock a whole new dimension of storytelling in Chinese.
My phone was stolento receiving abstract concepts like
attention or praise, the passive voice allows you to describe a wider range of real-life situations.flavor and usage context. Mastering these will significantly enhance your ability to communicate complex ideas and engage in more dynamic conversations.How This Grammar Works
My phone was stolen.Here, the agent (the thief) is often omitted if unknown or unimportant.
The Colloquial Passive (给),which uses 给 (gěi). While 给 can mean
to give, in its passive form, it's often more casual and can sometimes replace 被, especially in spoken Chinese, and usually for negative outcomes. For instance: 我的蛋糕给朋友吃了 (Wǒ de dànggāo gěi péngyǒu chī le) – My cake was eaten by my friend.This gives a slightly lighter, less formal tone than 被.
Casual Passive with 让/叫,which employs 让 (ràng) or 叫 (jiào). These are also quite common in colloquial speech and can express being 'made to' do something, or something happening to you, similar to 被 but often implying an external influence or instruction. For example: 我被老板叫去开会了 (Wǒ bèi lǎobǎn jiào qù kāihuì le) –
I was made to go to a meeting by my boss.Or, 我的计划让大雨耽误了 (Wǒ de jìhuà ràng dàyǔ dànwu le) –
My plan was delayed by the heavy rain.
受到 (shòudào) meansto receive
or to sufferand is primarily used with abstract nouns, often for positive or neutral experiences like praise, attention, or influence. For example: 他受到了很多表扬 (Tā shòudào le hěn duō biǎoyáng) –He received a lot of praise.
Or, 他的观点受到了广泛关注 (Tā de guāndiǎn shòudào le guǎngfàn guānzhù) –His views received widespread attention." Each of these structures adds a unique flavor to your B2 Chinese communication.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: 我的手机被。 (Wǒ de shǒujī bèi.)
le for completion). It cannot stand alone.- 1✗ Wrong: 我被帮助了。 (Wǒ bèi bāngzhù le.)
affected or suffering the action. For purely positive or neutral events, it's often more natural to use the active voice, or phrases like 得到 (dédào) to obtain/receive.- 1✗ Wrong: 我把钱包给小偷偷了。 (Wǒ bǎ qiánbāo gěi xiǎotōu tōu le.)
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
Can 被 (bèi) be used for positive events in Chinese grammar?
While 被 (bèi) is most commonly associated with unfortunate events, it can occasionally be used for positive or neutral ones, especially when emphasizing the recipient's experience or the unexpected nature of the event. However, it's often more natural to use the active voice or specific verbs like 得到 (dédào) for purely positive outcomes.
What's the main difference between 被 (bèi) and 让 (ràng) in the passive voice?
Both 被 (bèi) and 让 (ràng) can indicate a passive action. 被 (bèi) is more formal and universally applicable, often implying a negative or undesirable outcome. 让 (ràng) is more colloquial, often used for being made to do something or something happening due to an external force, and can sometimes feel less formal than 被.
Is there a true passive voice in Chinese, similar to English's be + past participle?
Chinese doesn't have a direct equivalent of be + past participle as a universal passive marker. Instead, it uses various particles like 被 (bèi), 给 (gěi), 让 (ràng), 叫 (jiào), and constructions like 受到 (shòudào), each with specific nuances and contexts, to convey passive meaning.
When should I use 受到 (shòudào) instead of 被 (bèi) for passive constructions?
Use 受到 (shòudào) when the subject receives or experiences an abstract noun, such as praise (表扬), attention (关注), influence (影响), education (教育), or criticism (批评). It's more formal and focuses on the reception of an abstract concept, whereas 被 (bèi) is used for direct actions.
Cultural Context
주요 예문 (4)
팁과 요령 (4)
단독으로 쓰지 마세요!
진정한 '피해자'를 위한 표현
동사만 쓰면 미완성!
피해자부터 챙기기
핵심 어휘 (7)
Real-World Preview
Reporting a Theft
Gossiping with Friends
Review Summary
- Subj. + 被 (bèi) + Doer + Verb + Result
- Subj. + 被 + Doer + 给 (gěi) + Verb
- Subj. + 让/叫 (ràng/jiào) + Doer + Verb
- Subj. + 受到 (shòudào) + Abstract Noun
자주 하는 실수
Negation words like 'méi' or 'bù' must come BEFORE 'bèi', not after it.
When using 'ràng' or 'jiào', you MUST include the person who did the action. If you don't know who it is, use 'rén' (person).
'Shòudào' is for abstract things (praise, influence). For physical gifts, use 'shōudào' (收到 - same sound, different character/meaning).
이 챕터의 규칙 (7)
Next Steps
You've just unlocked a major part of sounding like a fluent Chinese speaker. Keep practicing these passive structures, and soon they will feel like second nature!
Journaling
Roleplay a 'lost and found' scenario
빠른 연습 (10)
가장 자연스러운 구어체 옵션을 고르세요:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 구어체 수동태 (给)
Find and fix the mistake:
作业被没有我做完。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 수동태 'bèi' (被): 나에게 일어난 일들
가장 자연스러운 피동문을 고르세요:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 수동태 'bèi' (被): 나에게 일어난 일들
Find and fix the mistake:
{我的|wǒde} {伞|sǎn} {被|bèi} {拿|ná}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 중국어 피동문: ~함을 당하다 (被)
{他被老师의 批评。|Tā bèi lǎoshī de pīpíng.}
被보다 受到가 훨씬 자연스럽습니다.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 감정의 수동태: '受到' (shòudào) 사용법
{咖啡|kāfēi} ___ {喝|hē} {了|le}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 중국어 피동문: ~함을 당하다 (被)
{他在公司___重视。|Tā zài gōngsī ___ zhòngshì.}
重视(중시/인정)는 추상적인 명사이므로 受到를 사용합니다.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 감정의 수동태: '受到' (shòudào) 사용법
Find and fix the mistake:
{我的|wǒ de} {钱包|qiánbāo} {被|bèi} {给|gěi} {小偷|xiǎotōu} {拿|ná} {走|zǒu} {了|le}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 구어체 수동태 (给)
{作业|zuòyè} {让|ràng} {狗|gǒu} ___ {吃|chī} {了|le}。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 구어체 수동태 (给)
我的蛋糕 ___ 他吃了。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 수동태 'bèi' (被): 나에게 일어난 일들
Score: /10