To be absent from a scheduled event or gathering.
Palavra em 30 segundos
- Used when someone does not attend a scheduled event.
- Commonly used for school classes, meetings, and ceremonies.
- Often requires a reason when informing others.
Overview
- 1概要：『欠席する』は、本来出席すべき場（学校、会議、パーティーなど）に、何らかの理由で参加しないことを意味します。単にその場にいないという事実だけでなく、出席する義務や予定があったことが前提となります。
- 1使用パターン：主に「～を欠席する」という形で使われます。助詞の「に」や「を」を伴い、対象となるイベントを明示します。ビジネスシーンでは、より丁寧な表現として「欠席させていただきます」や「ご欠席」といった敬語表現が頻繁に用いられます。
一般的な文脈：最も一般的なのは学校の授業や行事です。また、ビジネス会議、結婚式、飲み会などの社交的な集まりでも使われます。病気や急用など、欠席する理由を添えて伝えるのがマナーです。
- 1類義語との比較：「休む」はより広く、仕事や学校を休む際に使われますが、「欠席」よりも口語的です。「不参加」は、イベントやプロジェクトなどに参加しない意思決定を強調する際によく使われます。「欠席」は「その場にいない」という状況を指すのに対し、「不参加」は「参加しないこと」という意志や事実を指す傾向があります。
Exemplos
体調不良のため、今日の授業を欠席します。
everydayI will be absent from class today due to feeling unwell.
あいにくですが、会議は欠席させていただきます。
formalUnfortunately, I will have to be absent from the meeting.
明日の飲み会、欠席するね。
informalI'll miss tomorrow's drinking party.
出席率が低いと、欠席扱いになります。
academicIf your attendance rate is low, it will be treated as an absence.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
欠席のご連絡
Notification of absence
欠席者リスト
List of absentees
無断欠席はやめましょう
Don't be absent without notice
Frequentemente confundido com
This is a general term for taking a break or not doing an activity. It is much more casual and versatile than '欠席'.
This emphasizes the choice or decision not to participate in an activity or event. It is often used for events where participation is optional.
Padrões gramaticais
How to Use It
Notas de uso
Use '欠席' for formal events like meetings or ceremonies. For school, '休む' is also acceptable but '欠席' is used in official documents. Avoid using it for casual hangouts with friends.
Erros comuns
Don't say '会議を休みます' in a formal meeting context; use '欠席します'. Also, do not use '欠席' for physical activities like 'running' or 'eating'.
Tips
Use polite forms in business
Always use '欠席させていただきます' when talking to superiors or clients. This shows respect for the invitation.
Don't use for casual hanging out
For casual plans with friends, '行けない' (cannot go) is more natural. '欠席' sounds too formal for casual social gatherings.
Importance of RSVP
In Japan, letting the host know your attendance status (出席/欠席) is crucial. Ignoring an invitation is considered very rude.
Origem da palavra
The word consists of '欠' (missing/lacking) and '席' (seat). It literally means your seat is empty at an event.
Contexto cultural
In Japan, attendance is highly valued. Being absent often requires a valid reason or a formal notification (欠席届) to avoid negative impressions.
Dica de memorização
Think of 'Ketsu' (missing) + 'Seki' (seat). You are missing from your assigned seat!
Perguntas frequentes
4 perguntas「休む」は日常的で広く使われ、仕事や学校だけでなく休息をとる際にも使います。「欠席する」は、会議や式典など、特定のイベントに出席しないことを指す少し硬い表現です。
「あいにく都合がつかず、欠席させていただきます」と伝えるのが丁寧です。理由を簡潔に添えるとよりスムーズです。
反対語は「出席」です。集まりに参加することを意味します。
いいえ、病気以外にも、用事や仕事の都合など、参加できないあらゆる理由に対して使えます。
Teste-se
明日の会議は、急用のため___します。
会議に参加できない状況なので「欠席」が適切です。
欠席の正しい使い方はどれですか？
「授業」のような特定のイベントに対して使うのが一般的です。
（会議 / 欠席 / させていただきます / 明日の）
ビジネスで最も丁寧な言い回しです。
Pontuação: /3
Summary
To be absent from a scheduled event or gathering.
- Used when someone does not attend a scheduled event.
- Commonly used for school classes, meetings, and ceremonies.
- Often requires a reason when informing others.
Use polite forms in business
Always use '欠席させていただきます' when talking to superiors or clients. This shows respect for the invitation.
Don't use for casual hanging out
For casual plans with friends, '行けない' (cannot go) is more natural. '欠席' sounds too formal for casual social gatherings.
Importance of RSVP
In Japan, letting the host know your attendance status (出席/欠席) is crucial. Ignoring an invitation is considered very rude.
Exemplos
4 de 4体調不良のため、今日の授業を欠席します。
I will be absent from class today due to feeling unwell.
あいにくですが、会議は欠席させていただきます。
Unfortunately, I will have to be absent from the meeting.
明日の飲み会、欠席するね。
I'll miss tomorrow's drinking party.
出席率が低いと、欠席扱いになります。
If your attendance rate is low, it will be treated as an absence.
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