When using 끝나다 to say something is finished or over, it typically takes the subject particle -이/가. For example, 시험이 끝났어요 (The exam is over) or 수업이 끝났습니다 (The class has ended).
You can also use 끝나다 with the structure ~고 나면 to express "after something finishes." For instance, 숙제가 끝나고 나면 놀러 갈 거예요 (After my homework finishes, I will go play).
Another common usage is with ~기 전에 to say "before something finishes." For example, 영화가 끝나기 전에 집에 가야 해요 (I have to go home before the movie finishes).
It's important to remember that 끝나다 is an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object. If you want to say you "finish something" actively, you would use a transitive verb like 끝내다.
When using 끝나다 at a B2 level, it's important to understand its nuances beyond just "to finish" or "to end."
While it often refers to an event or task concluding, it can also describe a situation coming to a close or even a relationship ending.
Consider how the subject of 끝나다 affects its meaning. For example, a meeting can end (회의가 끝나다), but so can a difficult period in your life (힘든 시기가 끝나다).
Pay attention to the particles used with 끝나다 to express who or what caused something to end, or what specifically is ending.
When discussing the completion or ending of something in Korean, the verb 끝나다 (kkeunnada) is your go-to word. It means 'to finish' or 'to end.' This verb is commonly used for events, tasks, periods of time, or even relationships coming to a close.
For example, you can say 수업이 끝났어요 (sueobi kkeutnasseoyo) to mean 'The class has ended.' Or, 영화가 늦게 끝났어요 (yeonghwaga neutge kkeutnasseoyo) means 'The movie finished late.' It's an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object.
끝나다 em 30 segundos
- Use for events, tasks, or time.
- It means something 'finishes' itself.
- Commonly used in daily conversation.
Nível de dificuldade
Short and common verb.
Straightforward spelling.
Common pronunciation, no tricky sounds.
Clear sound when spoken.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Exemplos por nível
우리가 마침내 그 오랜 프로젝트를 끝냈을 때, 모두 안도의 한숨을 쉬었다.
When we finally finished that long project, everyone breathed a sigh of relief.
끝냈을 때 (when finished) - past tense + '을 때' (when)
폭우 때문에 야외 행사는 결국 끝나고 실내로 옮겨졌다.
Due to the heavy rain, the outdoor event eventually ended and was moved indoors.
끝나고 (ended and) - verb + '고' (and then)
그녀는 모든 준비가 끝나고 나서야 비로소 휴식을 취할 수 있었다.
She was finally able to rest only after all preparations were finished.
끝나고 나서야 (only after finishing) - verb + '고 나서야' (only after)
긴 토론 끝에 회의는 별다른 결론 없이 끝났다.
After a long discussion, the meeting ended without any particular conclusion.
끝에 (at the end) - noun + '에' (at)
드라마는 비극적으로 끝났지만, 그 메시지는 오랫동안 기억에 남았다.
The drama ended tragically, but its message lingered in memory for a long time.
끝났지만 (ended but) - past tense + '지만' (but)
우리는 예상보다 훨씬 빨리 일을 끝내고 여가 시간을 즐겼다.
We finished the work much faster than expected and enjoyed our free time.
끝내고 (finished and) - verb + '고' (and then)
그들의 관계는 오해로 인해 결국 좋지 않게 끝났다.
Their relationship ultimately ended badly due to a misunderstanding.
끝났다 (ended) - past tense declarative
프로젝트가 끝나면, 우리는 모두 함께 축하 파티를 열기로 했다.
Once the project ends, we decided to have a celebration party together.
끝나면 (if/when it ends) - verb + '으면' (if/when)
Frequentemente confundido com
This is the direct opposite of '끝나다' and represents the other end of a process or event.
If something isn't '끝나다,' it might '계속하다.' It describes the ongoing nature of an action or event.
While '끝나다' implies a natural or final end, '중단하다' suggests a temporary or abrupt halt to something.
Fácil de confundir
'마치다' also means 'to finish' or 'to complete,' making it seem similar to '끝나다.'
'끝나다' generally refers to something coming to an end by itself or being concluded, while '마치다' implies actively completing a task or an action. Think of '끝나다' as an event ending, and '마치다' as an action being finished by someone.
숙제가 끝났어요. (The homework is finished. - It came to an end.) / 숙제를 마쳤어요. (I finished the homework. - I completed it.)
This verb also means 'to be terminated' or 'to be concluded,' especially in a more formal or official context.
'종료되다' is more formal and often used for official events, programs, or systems that are brought to a close. '끝나다' is more general and can apply to everyday situations.
회의가 종료되었습니다. (The meeting has been terminated.) / 회의가 끝났어요. (The meeting is over.)
Meaning 'to complete' or 'to accomplish,' this can be confused with '끝나다' when talking about finishing a task.
'완료하다' specifically means to complete something fully, often a process or a project, emphasizing the successful achievement of the end goal. '끝나다' simply means it's over, regardless of successful completion.
프로젝트를 완료했어요. (I completed the project.) / 프로젝트가 끝났어요. (The project is over.)
This is the transitive form of '끝나다,' meaning 'to end something' or 'to finish something.' The slight difference in nuance and usage can be tricky.
'끝나다' is intransitive (something ends), while '끝내다' is transitive (someone ends something). '끝내다' requires an object.
수업이 끝났어요. (The class ended.) / 숙제를 끝냈어요. (I finished the homework.)
While not directly meaning 'to finish,' '정리하다' (to organize, to arrange) can sometimes be used in a way that implies bringing something to a close by tidying up or completing the last steps.
'정리하다' focuses on tidying, organizing, or settling something. While this might be the final step of a process, it's not the same as the entire thing 'ending.'
일을 정리하고 퇴근했어요. (I tidied up the work and left work.) / 일이 끝났어요. (The work is finished.)
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a 'cut-knife-duh' sound. When something is 'cut' or sliced, it often 'ends' or 'finishes'.
Associação visual
Picture a finish line ribbon being 'cut' in half to signal the 'end' of a race. The word '끝나다' is written on the ribbon.
Word Web
Desafio
Think about your daily routine. What time does your work/school '끝나다'? What time do your favorite shows '끝나다'? Try to form a few sentences using '끝나다' to describe these.
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasBoth relate to 'ending' or 'finishing,' but they differ in how they're used. 끝나다 is an intransitive verb, meaning something finishes by itself or someone finishes it passively. Think of it as 'to be finished.' For example, '수업이 끝났어요' (The class ended). 끝내다 is a transitive verb, meaning someone actively finishes something. Think of it as 'to finish something.' For example, '숙제를 끝냈어요' (I finished my homework).
Not really in the sense of a person 'ending' themselves. It's primarily used for events, tasks, or situations. You wouldn't say '제가 끝났어요' to mean 'I finished' in the same way you'd say 'I'm done.' You'd use other verbs like '마쳤어요' (I completed) or '다 했어요' (I did everything) for yourself.
You would say '회의가 늦게 끝났어요.' (Hwi-ui-ga neut-ge kkeut-nat-seo-yo.) Here, '회의' (meeting) is the subject, and '늦게' (late) modifies '끝났어요' (ended).
끝나다 itself is a neutral verb. The formality depends on the politeness level you attach to it. You can use it in formal settings like '끝납니다' (formal, declarative) or informal settings like '끝나' (informal, plain speech).
Yes, you can. For example, '우리 관계가 끝났어요' (Uri gwan-gye-ga kkeut-nat-seo-yo.) means 'Our relationship ended.' It's a common way to express that.
The past tense of 끝나다 is 끝났어요 (kkeut-nat-seo-yo) in the common polite form, or 끝났다 (kkeut-nat-da) in the plain form. This means 'it finished' or 'it ended.'
You can ask '수업이 언제 끝나요?' (Su-eop-i eon-je kkeut-na-yo?) This literally translates to 'When does the class end?'
While not an idiom in the strict sense, you'll often hear '다 끝났어요!' (Da kkeut-nat-seo-yo!) which means 'It's all finished!' or 'It's all over!' This is a very common and practical phrase.
You can use the ~기 전에 (~gi jeon-e) or ~은 후에 (~eun hu-e) grammar patterns. For example, '수업이 끝나기 전에' (Su-eop-i kkeut-na-gi jeon-e) means 'before the class ends.' And '수업이 끝난 후에' (Su-eop-i kkeut-nan hu-e) means 'after the class ends.'
While technically you could say '삶이 끝났어요' (Salm-i kkeut-nat-seo-yo) for 'life ended,' it's not the natural or common way to say someone died in Korean. For 'to die,' you would use verbs like '죽다' (juk-da) or more respectfully, '돌아가시다' (dol-a-ga-si-da).
Teste-se 36 perguntas
The class has finished.
The movie ended.
When does work finish?
Read this aloud:
수업이 끝났습니다.
Focus: 끝났습니다 (kkeutnat-seumnida)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
언제 끝나요?
Focus: 끝나요 (kkeun-nayo)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
숙제가 끝났어요.
Focus: 끝났어요 (kkeutnat-seoyo)
Você disse:
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수업이 ___ 후에 우리는 점심을 먹을 거예요.
'-면' (if/when) is used to indicate a condition or a time when something happens. So, 'when the class ends'.
영화가 너무 재미있어서 빨리 ___ 게 아쉬워요.
'-서' (so/because) indicates a reason or sequence of events. Here, 'it ended, so it's a pity'.
숙제가 ___ 면, 밖에 나가서 놀자.
'-면' (if/when) is used to indicate a condition. So, 'if the homework finishes'.
회의가 언제 ___ 지 알려주세요.
'-는지' (whether/if) is used to ask about or state uncertainty about a fact or event.
드디어 힘든 하루가 ___.
This is a simple past tense sentence, indicating that the difficult day has 'ended'.
시험이 ___ 기 전에 복습해야 해요.
'-기 전에' (before doing something) is a common grammatical pattern. So, 'before the exam ends'.
저는 오늘 숙제를 일찍 ___.
The sentence is in the past tense, indicating that the homework was finished. '끝냈어요' is the correct past tense form.
회의는 30분 후에 ___.
The sentence indicates a future event. '끝날 것이다' means 'will finish'.
영화가 너무 재미있어서 ___ 줄 몰랐어요.
'끝나는 줄 몰랐어요' is a common expression meaning 'I didn't realize it was ending'.
저는 이 프로젝트를 이번 주까지 ___ 해요.
'끝내야 해요' means 'I have to finish'. This indicates an obligation.
드라마가 드디어 ___ 기뻤어요.
'끝나서' means 'because it finished' or 'when it finished', explaining the reason for being happy.
언제 일이 다 ___ 알려주세요.
'끝나면' means 'if it finishes' or 'when it finishes', asking to be informed after the completion of the work.
The meeting's scheduled end time.
Feelings about a drama ending.
Plans after homework is done.
Read this aloud:
프로젝트가 끝나면 뭘 하고 싶으세요?
Focus: 끝나면 (kkeutnamyeon)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
영화가 언제 끝나나요?
Focus: 끝나나요 (kkeutnanayo)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
일이 끝나고 저녁 같이 먹을까요?
Focus: 끝나고 (kkeutnago)
Você disse:
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This sentence means 'The meeting finished at five o'clock.' The common structure in Korean is 'Subject + Time + Verb.'
This sentence means 'After watching the movie, the homework finished.' '보고 나서' means 'after watching'.
This sentence means 'Finally, the difficult project ended, so I feel relieved.' '드디어' means 'finally', and '홀가분하다' means 'to feel relieved/light-hearted'.
This sentence describes a long and boring meeting finally coming to an end. '마침내' means 'finally', '길고 지루했던' means 'long and boring', '회의가' means 'the meeting', and '끝났다' is the past tense of '끝나다', meaning 'finished'.
This sentence indicates that their relationship unexpectedly ended suddenly. '그들의 관계는' means 'their relationship', '예상치 못하게' means 'unexpectedly', '갑자기' means 'suddenly', and '끝나버렸다' is 'ended' with an added nuance of regret or finality.
This sentence conveys that once all preparations are complete, they can depart immediately. '모든 준비가' means 'all preparations', '끝나면' means 'if it finishes', '바로' means 'immediately', and '출발할 수 있습니다' means 'can depart'.
/ 36 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
끝나다 is a fundamental verb for expressing that something has come to an end.
- Use for events, tasks, or time.
- It means something 'finishes' itself.
- Commonly used in daily conversation.
Conteúdo relacionado
Esta palavra em outros idiomas
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몇몇
A2An unspecified small number of; some or a few.
조금
A1A little/a bit
적게
A1A little / Few
약간
A2A little; slightly; somewhat.
많이
A1A lot/much
잠시
A2For a moment; briefly.
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2A little while ago, earlier.
대해
A2About, concerning.
~에 대해서
A2Concerning or regarding a particular subject; about.
