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A1 noun #2,000 最常用 4分钟阅读

Haut

前2,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 Haut 30秒了解

解析 Haut in your Level:

At the A1 level, you learn 'Haut' as a basic body part. You should know it is 'die Haut' and use it in simple sentences like 'Meine Haut ist trocken' (My skin is dry). You focus on basic adjectives like 'warm', 'kalt', 'hell', or 'dunkel'. It is part of the essential vocabulary for describing people and basic health needs.

At A2, you start using 'Haut' in the context of daily routines and shopping. You might look for 'Hautcreme' (skin cream) or talk about 'Sonnenschutz' (sun protection) for your skin. You begin to understand simple compounds like 'Hautarzt' (dermatologist) and can describe simple physical sensations.

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At B1, you use 'Haut' in more descriptive contexts. You can talk about skin types (fettige Haut, Mischhaut) and explain health issues in more detail. You also encounter common idioms like 'Gänsehaut bekommen' (to get goosebumps) when talking about feelings or movies.

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At B2, you understand the metaphorical uses of 'Haut'. Phrases like 'aus der Haut fahren' (to jump out of one's skin/get very angry) or 'eine dicke Haut haben' (to be thick-skinned) become part of your active vocabulary. You can discuss more complex medical or environmental topics related to skin health.

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At C1, you use 'Haut' in nuanced literary or psychological discussions. You might analyze how 'Haut' represents a boundary in a text or use it in professional medical or cosmetic contexts with high precision. You understand subtle differences between 'Haut', 'Hülle', and 'Membran'.

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At C2, you have a complete mastery of 'Haut'. You can use it in highly abstract ways, understand archaic or rare idiomatic expressions, and discuss the etymological development of the word. You can write academic papers or technical reports involving dermatological or material science aspects of 'Haut'.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

Haut 30秒了解

Haut is the German word for skin, a feminine noun (die Haut) essential for describing the human body and health.
It is used in many common idioms like 'Gänsehaut' (goosebumps) and 'aus der Haut fahren' (to get very angry).
Grammatically, it requires feminine endings for adjectives and changes to 'der Haut' in the dative case.
Distinguish 'Haut' (human skin) from 'Fell' (animal fur) and 'Schale' (fruit peel) to avoid common learner mistakes.

The German word Haut is a feminine noun (die Haut) that primarily refers to the skin—the largest organ of the human body. At its most basic level, it describes the biological outer layer that protects our internal systems from the environment. However, in German, the concept of 'Haut' extends far beyond biology. It encompasses the texture of fruit, the surface of liquids like milk (the 'skin' that forms when heated), and even metaphorical layers of protection or vulnerability. Understanding 'Haut' requires looking at it as both a physical barrier and a sensory interface. It is the boundary between the 'self' and the 'world'. In medical contexts, it is the focus of dermatology, while in beauty and wellness, it is the canvas for care and expression. The word is derived from Proto-Germanic roots, sharing ancestry with the English word 'hide' (as in animal skin). This connection highlights its historical use for both human skin and the processed skins of animals used for leather or parchment. When you speak of 'Haut', you are discussing something that is simultaneously fragile and incredibly resilient, a theme that permeates German literature and daily conversation.

Biological Context: In a scientific sense, 'die Haut' consists of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. It regulates temperature and provides tactile sensation.
Metaphorical Context: It represents the self. To be 'in someone else's skin' (in jemandes Haut stecken) means to empathize or experience their situation.
Material Context: It can refer to the outer layer of vegetables or fruits, such as a tomato skin or a grape skin, though 'Schale' is often preferred for thicker peels.

Meine Haut ist im Winter sehr trocken und braucht viel Pflege.

Die Sonne brennt auf der nackten Haut.

Er rettete seine eigene Haut in letzter Sekunde.

Die Haut auf der Milch mag ich überhaupt nicht.

Zarte Haut ist besonders empfindlich gegen UV-Strahlung.

Using 'Haut' correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and the common adjectives that accompany it. Since it is a feminine noun, you will often see it as 'die Haut'. Common descriptors include 'glatt' (smooth), 'rau' (rough), 'fettig' (oily), 'trocken' (dry), and 'empfindlich' (sensitive). In everyday German, you'll use 'Haut' when talking about health, beauty, and physical sensations. For instance, if you have a sunburn, you say 'Ich habe einen Sonnenbrand auf der Haut'. If you are talking about skincare products, you look for things 'für empfindliche Haut'.

Adjective Agreement: Because 'Haut' is feminine, adjectives change: 'gesunde Haut' (nominative), 'der gesunden Haut' (dative).
Verbal Phrases: 'Die Haut pflegen' (to care for the skin), 'die Haut eincremen' (to put cream on the skin), 'die Haut reizen' (to irritate the skin).

Nach dem Duschen sollte man die Haut gut eincremen.

Diese Seife ist sehr mild zur Haut.

You will encounter 'Haut' in various environments. In a pharmacy (Apotheke) or a drugstore (Drogerie), it's everywhere on product labels. In a doctor's office, specifically a dermatologist (Hautarzt), it's the primary topic of conversation. In commercials, you'll hear about 'strahlende Haut' (radiant skin). In literature, 'Haut' is often used to describe a character's reaction to fear—'eine Gänsehaut bekommen' (to get goosebumps). It's also common in weather reports when discussing the UV index and the need to protect your skin.

Der Arzt untersuchte die verdächtige Stelle auf meiner Haut.

A frequent mistake for English speakers is confusing 'Haut' with 'Fell'. While English uses 'skin' for many things, German distinguishes between the hairless or thin-haired skin of humans/certain animals (Haut) and the thick fur of animals (Fell). Another mistake is using 'Haut' for the peel of an orange or apple; for those, 'Schale' is the correct term. Additionally, learners often forget the gender (die Haut) and use 'der' or 'das', which affects all subsequent adjective endings.

Haut vs. Fell: Use 'Haut' for humans. Use 'Fell' for a dog's coat.
Haut vs. Schale: Use 'Schale' for fruit peels like bananas or apples.

Several words are related to 'Haut' but have distinct nuances. 'Leder' refers to skin that has been tanned and processed. 'Hülle' refers to a casing or covering, often artificial. 'Oberfläche' refers to the surface of an object. 'Teint' specifically refers to the complexion of the face.

Teint: Focuses on the color and appearance of the facial skin.
Epidermis: The technical, medical term for the outer layer of skin.

How Formal Is It?

发音指南

押韵词

Laut Kraut Braut

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Feminine noun declension

Compound noun formation

Adjective agreement

Prepositions with dative/accusative

Reflexive verbs in health contexts

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按水平分级的例句

Die Haut ist weich.

The skin is soft.

Subject + verb + adjective.

Ich habe helle Haut.

I have fair skin.

Accusative case (feminine).

Ist deine Haut warm?

Is your skin warm?

Question form.

Die Haut braucht Wasser.

The skin needs water.

Simple present.

Meine Haut ist rot.

My skin is red.

Possessive pronoun.

Das ist die Haut.

That is the skin.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Sie hat schöne Haut.

She has beautiful skin.

Adjective ending -e.

Die Haut schützt uns.

The skin protects us.

Verb 'schützen'.

Ich brauche Creme für meine Haut.

I need cream for my skin.

Preposition 'für' + accusative.

Die Sonne ist schlecht für die Haut.

The sun is bad for the skin.

Adjective + preposition.

Er geht zum Hautarzt.

He is going to the dermatologist.

Compound noun: Haut + Arzt.

Hast du trockene Haut?

Do you have dry skin?

Adjective ending.

Die Haut ist das größte Organ.

The skin is the largest organ.

Superlative.

Ich wasche meine Haut jeden Tag.

I wash my skin every day.

Reflexive context.

Die Haut brennt ein bisschen.

The skin burns a little.

Verb 'brennen'.

Welche Hautfarbe hast du?

What skin color do you have?

Compound: Haut + Farbe.

Ich bekomme eine Gänsehaut.

I'm getting goosebumps.

Idiomatic expression.

Diese Seife ist sanft zur Haut.

This soap is gentle on the skin.

Dative after 'zu'.

Die Haut regeneriert sich nachts.

The skin regenerates itself at night.

Reflexive verb.

Sie hat eine sehr empfindliche Haut.

She has very sensitive skin.

Adjective 'empfindlich'.

Ich habe einen Ausschlag auf der Haut.

I have a rash on my skin.

Preposition 'auf' + dative.

Die Haut wird im Alter dünner.

The skin becomes thinner with age.

Comparative.

Er fühlt sich wohl in seiner Haut.

He feels comfortable in his own skin.

Idiom.

Die Haut atmet durch die Poren.

The skin breathes through the pores.

Preposition 'durch'.

Er ist mit Haut und Haaren dabei.

He is involved with heart and soul (skin and hair).

Idiom.

Man muss eine dicke Haut haben.

One must have a thick skin.

Metaphorical use.

Die Haut reagiert auf Stress.

The skin reacts to stress.

Verb + preposition 'auf'.

Er fuhr fast aus der Haut.

He almost jumped out of his skin (with anger).

Idiom.

Die Haut dient als Schutzbarriere.

The skin serves as a protective barrier.

Noun-noun combination.

Die oberste Hautschicht erneuert sich.

The top layer of skin renews itself.

Compound: Haut + Schicht.

UV-Strahlen schädigen die Haut nachhaltig.

UV rays damage the skin long-term.

Adverb 'nachhaltig'.

Die Haut spiegelt die Gesundheit wider.

The skin reflects one's health.

Separable verb 'widerspiegeln'.

Die Haut ist ein komplexes Sinnesorgan.

The skin is a complex sensory organ.

Scientific register.

Er wollte seine Haut so teuer wie möglich verkaufen.

He wanted to sell his skin as dearly as possible (fight to the end).

Complex idiom.

Die Beschaffenheit der Haut variiert.

The texture of the skin varies.

Genitive case.

Dermatologen warnen vor Hautveränderungen.

Dermatologists warn against skin changes.

Plural compound.

Die Haut ist die Grenze zwischen Innen und Außen.

The skin is the boundary between inside and outside.

Philosophical context.

Sie rettete ihre nackte Haut.

She saved her bare skin (escaped with her life).

Idiom.

Die Hautabsorption von Wirkstoffen ist begrenzt.

The skin absorption of active ingredients is limited.

Technical term.

Die Haut ist ein Indikator für psychosomatische Leiden.

The skin is an indicator of psychosomatic ailments.

Academic register.

Die Haut fungiert als semipermeable Membran.

The skin functions as a semi-permeable membrane.

High-level technical terminology.

In der Literatur wird die Haut oft als Palimpsest begriffen.

In literature, the skin is often understood as a palimpsest.

Literary theory context.

Die Dehnbarkeit der Haut ist phänomenal.

The elasticity of the skin is phenomenal.

Abstract noun 'Dehnbarkeit'.

Er konnte die Erregung auf seiner Haut förmlich spüren.

He could literally feel the excitement on his skin.

Nuanced sensory description.

Die Haut als Medium der sozialen Interaktion.

The skin as a medium of social interaction.

Sociological context.

Dermatologische Pathologien manifestieren sich oft auf der Haut.

Dermatological pathologies often manifest on the skin.

Medical jargon.

Die Integrität der Haut muss gewahrt bleiben.

The integrity of the skin must be maintained.

Formal register.

Die Haut ist das Pergament unserer Lebensgeschichte.

The skin is the parchment of our life story.

Metaphorical/Poetic.

常见搭配

empfindliche Haut

trockene Haut

fettige Haut

glatte Haut

reine Haut

die Haut eincremen

die Haut pflegen

die Haut reizen

unter die Haut gehen

Haut und Haare

常用短语

auf der nackten Haut

eine dicke Haut haben

aus der Haut fahren

in seiner Haut stecken

nur noch Haut und Knochen sein

seine Haut retten

mit Haut und Haaren

die Haut zu Markte tragen

eine ehrliche Haut sein

das geht unter die Haut

容易混淆的词

Haut vs Fell (Fur)

Haut vs Schale (Peel/Shell)

Haut vs Leder (Leather)

习语与表达

"Aus der Haut fahren (To lose one's temper)"

"Eine dicke Haut haben (To be thick-skinned)"

"Nicht in seiner Haut stecken wollen (To not want to be in his shoes)"

"Mit Haut und Haaren (Completely/Entirely)"

"Nur noch Haut und Knochen sein (To be skin and bones)"

"Seine Haut so teuer wie möglich verkaufen (To put up a hard fight)"

"Sich seiner Haut wehren (To defend oneself)"

"Eine ehrliche Haut sein (To be a decent/honest person)"

"Das geht unter die Haut (That is deeply moving)"

"Gänsehaut bekommen (To get goosebumps)"

容易混淆

Haut vs

句型

词族

名词

Hautarzt

Hautcreme

Hautfarbe

Hautpflege

Hauttyp

动词

häuten

enthäuten

形容词

häutig

hautnah

hautfreundlich

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如何使用

biological

Refers to the organ.

metaphorical

Refers to the person's essence or state of mind.

常见错误

Using 'der Haut' in nominative.
Confusing 'Haut' with 'Hut' (hat).
Using 'Haut' for a banana peel.
Saying 'meine Haut ist trocken' with wrong adjective endings in other cases.
Mixing up 'Haut' (noun) and 'haut' (verb).

小贴士

Gender Tip

Always learn 'die Haut' as one unit. Feminine nouns are very common for body parts.

Compounds

German loves compounds. Haut + Creme = Hautcreme. It's easy to build new words!

Sauna Culture

In German saunas, 'nackte Haut' is the norm. It's not considered sexual, just natural.

Feelings

Use 'sich wohl in seiner Haut fühlen' to say you are confident and happy.

Avoid Fell

Don't call a person's skin 'Fell' unless they are extremely hairy and you are joking!

The AU sound

Make sure the 'au' is a clear diphthong. It sounds like 'ow' in 'now'.

Sun Protection

Germans are very careful with 'Hautkrebs' (skin cancer). Always mention sunscreen.

Adjectives

Use adjectives like 'zart' (tender) or 'derb' (tough) to describe skin texture.

Context Clues

If you hear 'Haut' near 'Arzt', it's always about medicine.

Visualizing

Visualize a thin layer of silk over your arm and call it 'die Haut'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Hide' (animal skin). In German, 'Haut' is what you 'hide' your insides with.

词源

Old High German 'hūt', from Proto-Germanic '*hūdiz'.

文化背景

Nudism culture in Germany where being in one's 'Haut' is normalized.

High standard of skin care and medical treatment in Germany.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"Welchen Hauttyp hast du?"

"Benutzt du eine spezielle Hautcreme?"

"Hast du schon mal Gänsehaut bei einem Film bekommen?"

"Warst du schon mal beim Hautarzt?"

"Was machst du gegen trockene Haut im Winter?"

日记主题

Beschreibe, wie sich deine Haut nach einem Tag in der Sonne anfühlt.

Was bedeutet es für dich, 'sich in seiner Haut wohlzufühlen'?

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du fast 'aus der Haut gefahren' bist.

Welche Rolle spielt Hautpflege in deinem Alltag?

Diskutiere die Redewendung 'Das geht unter die Haut'.

常见问题

10 个问题

Haut is a feminine noun in German. You always say 'die Haut'. This is important for grammar.

The plural of Haut is 'Häute'. It is not used very often in daily life.

No, for an apple you should use 'Schale'. 'Haut' is mostly for humans.

It means 'goosebumps'. It comes from 'Gans' (goose) and 'Haut' (skin).

The word is 'Hautarzt'. It is a combination of 'Haut' and 'Arzt'.

Sometimes 'Tierhaut' is used for raw animal skin, but 'Leder' is the finished product.

It means to get very angry very quickly. It is a very common idiom.

Yes, 'er haut' is a form of the verb 'hauen' (to hit), but the noun 'Haut' is different.

You say 'trockene Haut'. Remember the -e ending for the adjective.

Yes, it is a basic word that every beginner should know for describing the body.

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