用你的语言查看此页面
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português हिन्दी
A2 noun #2,000 最常用 6分钟阅读

finances

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'finances' relates to money. You might see it in simple sentences about having or not having money. It is usually introduced as 'mes finances' (my money situation). At this stage, you should focus on the fact that it is plural. You don't need to worry about complex economic theories, just the idea that 'finances' is a more formal word for 'argent' (money). For example, 'Mes finances sont ok' is a simple way to express your financial state. You will mostly encounter it in the context of personal pocket money or simple savings. It is a good word to recognize when reading basic news headlines about money.
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'finances' in more structured sentences. You should understand that it refers to the management of money. You can use it with verbs like 'gérer' (to manage) or 'organiser' (to organize). You might encounter it when talking about planning a trip or buying something expensive. You should be able to distinguish between 'l'argent' (general money) and 'les finances' (the state of your money). For instance, 'Je dois faire attention à mes finances' (I must pay attention to my finances). You will also start to see it in the context of 'finances publiques' in very simple news snippets, understanding it means the government's money.
At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'finances' in discussions about lifestyle and society. You should be comfortable using it to discuss personal budgeting, bank accounts, and simple economic news. You can describe your financial situation using adjectives like 'saines' (healthy) or 'difficiles' (difficult). You understand the role of a 'conseiller financier' (financial advisor). You can participate in conversations about the cost of living and how it affects 'les finances des ménages' (household finances). You also begin to understand the difference between 'la finance' as a sector and 'les finances' as funds.
At the B2 level, you can use 'finances' in professional and academic contexts. You understand complex collocations like 'assainir les finances' (to balance the books) or 'loi de finances' (budget law). You can follow a debate about national debt or corporate fiscal health. You are able to write reports or essays that use 'finances' to describe economic trends. You understand the nuance of 'finances' versus 'trésorerie' or 'comptabilité.' You can discuss the impact of global events on 'les finances mondiales.' Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'fiscalité,' 'déficit,' and 'excédent.'
At the C1 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'finances.' You can use the term in sophisticated arguments about macroeconomics, public policy, or high-level corporate strategy. You understand the historical and etymological nuances of the word. You can use idiomatic expressions and formal registers effortlessly. You might discuss 'la haute finance' (high finance) or the 'opacité des finances' (lack of transparency in finances). You can analyze the 'finances publiques' of a country in depth, discussing structural deficits and sovereign debt. Your usage is precise, and you never confuse the singular and plural forms unless intentionally discussing the industry versus the funds.
At the C2 level, you possess a native-like mastery of 'finances.' You can use the word in any context, from poetic metaphors about 'les finances de l'âme' (metaphorical wealth) to highly technical legal and economic treatises. You understand the subtle connotations the word carries in different political discourses. You can navigate the most complex 'lois de finances' and critique them. You are aware of the word's evolution in French history, from the 'Ferme générale' to modern-day 'Bercy.' You can use the word to express irony, professional authority, or academic precision with perfect control over register and tone.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

finances 30秒了解

  • Finances refers to the management and state of money for individuals, companies, or governments, usually used in the plural form in French.
  • It is a more formal term than 'argent' and is essential for discussing budgets, savings, investments, and economic news accurately.
  • Commonly paired with verbs like 'gérer' (manage) and 'équilibrer' (balance), it describes the overall health of one's monetary resources.
  • Understanding 'finances' helps learners navigate professional environments, bank interactions, and media reports about the economy and public policy.

The word finances in French is a multifaceted term that primarily refers to the management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies. However, in everyday language, it is frequently used to describe an individual's or a household's monetary situation. Unlike the English word 'finance' which can be singular (e.g., 'the world of finance'), the French term is almost exclusively used in the plural—les finances—when referring to the state of one's funds or the general management of money.

Public Context
Refers to the 'finances publiques,' which involves state budgeting, taxation, and government spending. It is a cornerstone of political science and economics.
Personal Context
Refers to 'finances personnelles,' covering how an individual saves, invests, and spends their income.
Etymological Root
Derived from the Old French 'finer' (to pay, to end), suggesting the settlement of a debt or the conclusion of a transaction.

L'état de ses finances ne lui permet pas de partir en vacances cette année.

When we speak of 'finances,' we are not just talking about coins and bills in a pocket; we are talking about the systemic organization of wealth. It encompasses the strategies used to grow assets and the discipline required to manage liabilities. In a professional setting, 'la direction des finances' is the department responsible for the fiscal health of an organization. In a casual setting, saying 'mes finances sont au plus bas' is a common, slightly formal way of saying you are broke.

Le ministre a présenté le budget pour les finances publiques.

Financial Health
The term 'assainir les finances' means to clean up or stabilize a financial situation that was previously chaotic or in deficit.

Il est important de surveiller ses finances de près pour éviter les dettes.

Les finances mondiales sont interconnectées par les marchés boursiers.

Elle a fait des études en finances internationales à Paris.

Using the word finances correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a feminine plural noun. You will almost always see it preceded by an article or a possessive adjective: les finances, mes finances, ses finances. Because it is plural, the verbs and adjectives associated with it must also be plural.

Verb Collocations
Common verbs include gérer (to manage), équilibrer (to balance), assainir (to stabilize/clean up), and surveiller (to monitor).

In a sentence, if you want to say 'I am managing my finances,' you would say 'Je gère mes finances.' If you want to describe a person who is wealthy, you might say 'Il est en bonne santé financière,' but to refer to the money itself, you'd say 'Ses finances sont solides.' It is important to note that while 'argent' is the general word for money, 'finances' implies a structured view of that money.

Après avoir perdu son emploi, il a dû restructurer ses finances.

Adjective Agreement
Since 'finances' is feminine plural, adjectives must match: 'finances publiques', 'finances saines', 'finances exsangues' (depleted finances).

Les finances de l'entreprise sont examinées par un auditeur externe.

When discussing the academic or professional field, you can use 'la finance' (singular), but when discussing the actual money or the state of a budget, stick to the plural. For example: 'Il travaille dans la finance' (He works in finance) vs 'Il s'occupe des finances de la ville' (He takes care of the city's finances).

The word finances is ubiquitous in French society, appearing in news broadcasts, political debates, and corporate boardrooms. If you turn on a French news channel like BFMTV or France 24, you will inevitably hear about 'les finances publiques' or 'la loi de finances,' which is the annual budget law passed by the French Parliament.

In the News
Journalists use it to discuss the national deficit, tax reforms, and the economic health of the Eurozone.
In Business
During quarterly meetings, CEOs discuss 'les finances de la société' to inform shareholders of profits and losses.

Le journal Le Monde a publié un article sur l'état des finances de la France.

In a more personal setting, you might hear it at the bank or when talking to an accountant. A financial advisor (conseiller financier) will ask about 'vos finances' to help you plan for retirement or buy a house. Even in casual conversation among friends, though 'argent' is more common, 'finances' is used when the conversation turns to more serious budgeting or long-term goals.

À Bercy, on s'inquiète de la dérive des finances locales.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is using the singular 'la finance' when they should use the plural 'les finances.' In English, we say 'My finance is good' (though 'finances' is also common), but in French, 'Ma finance est bonne' sounds incorrect. You must say 'Mes finances sont bonnes.'

Mistake 1: Singular vs. Plural
Using 'la finance' to mean 'money' or 'budget'. Correct: 'les finances'.
Mistake 2: Gender Confusion
Thinking 'finances' is masculine because many business terms are. It is feminine: 'une finance' (though rarely used alone), thus 'les finances publiques'.

Incorrect: Je dois vérifier ma finance.
Correct: Je dois vérifier mes finances.

Another mistake is confusing 'finances' with 'trésorerie.' While related, 'trésorerie' specifically refers to cash flow or the actual liquid cash available at a given moment, whereas 'finances' is a broader term encompassing assets, debts, and overall fiscal standing.

To enrich your vocabulary, it is helpful to understand words that are often used in the same context as finances. These words help specify exactly what part of the money management process you are talking about.

Le Budget
The specific plan for income and expenses over a period. 'Finances' is the state of the money; 'budget' is the plan for it.
Les Fonds
Refers to capital or available sums of money (e.g., 'fonds d'investissement').
La Trésorerie
Cash flow. A company might have great 'finances' (lots of assets) but poor 'trésorerie' (no cash to pay bills today).

Il a épuisé tous ses fonds propres pour sauver ses finances.

Other related terms include 'comptabilité' (accounting), 'patrimoine' (wealth/heritage/assets), and 'revenus' (income). While 'finances' is the umbrella term, 'patrimoine' specifically refers to what you own (property, stocks), and 'revenus' refers to what you earn.

How Formal Is It?

正式

""

非正式

""

俚语

""

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

Mes finances sont bonnes.

My finances are good.

Note that 'finances' is plural, so 'sont' is used.

2

Où sont mes finances ?

Where are my finances?

Plural 'sont'.

3

Il a des petites finances.

He has small finances (little money).

Plural adjective 'petites'.

4

J'aime les finances.

I like finances (money matters).

Definite article 'les'.

5

Ses finances sont à zéro.

His finances are at zero.

Expression for being broke.

6

Regarde mes finances !

Look at my finances!

Imperative mood.

7

Les finances, c'est important.

Finances, it's important.

Using 'c'est' to generalize.

8

Elle étudie les finances.

She studies finances.

Direct object.

1

Je gère mes finances avec une application.

I manage my finances with an app.

Verb 'gérer' (to manage).

2

Il veut améliorer ses finances cette année.

He wants to improve his finances this year.

Infinitive 'améliorer'.

3

Les finances de ma famille sont stables.

My family's finances are stable.

Adjective 'stables'.

4

Nous parlons de nos finances ce soir.

We are talking about our finances tonight.

Preposition 'de'.

5

C'est un livre sur les finances personnelles.

It's a book about personal finances.

Compound noun.

6

Elle a besoin d'aide pour ses finances.

She needs help with her finances.

Expression 'avoir besoin de'.

7

Mes finances ne permettent pas ce voyage.

My finances don't allow this trip.

Negative construction.

8

Il s'intéresse aux finances depuis peu.

He has been interested in finances recently.

Contraction 'aux' (à + les).

1

Il est crucial de surveiller ses finances de près.

It is crucial to monitor one's finances closely.

Adverbial phrase 'de près'.

2

L'état de ses finances l'inquiète beaucoup.

The state of his finances worries him a lot.

Subject is 'L'état'.

3

Elle a pris un rendez-vous pour discuter de ses finances.

She made an appointment to discuss her finances.

Past tense 'a pris'.

4

Les finances publiques sont au cœur du débat.

Public finances are at the heart of the debate.

Adjective 'publiques'.

5

Il a réussi à équilibrer ses finances après un an.

He managed to balance his finances after a year.

Verb 'équilibrer'.

6

Les finances du club sont gérées par un bénévole.

The club's finances are managed by a volunteer.

Passive voice.

7

On ne plaisante pas avec les finances !

One doesn't joke with finances!

Proverbial style.

8

Elle cherche un emploi dans le secteur des finances.

She is looking for a job in the finance sector.

Sector description.

1

Le gouvernement doit assainir les finances publiques.

The government must stabilize public finances.

Verb 'assainir' (to clean up/stabilize).

2

Une gestion rigoureuse des finances est nécessaire.

Rigorous management of finances is necessary.

Adjective 'rigoureuse'.

3

Les finances mondiales sont menacées par l'inflation.

Global finances are threatened by inflation.

Passive voice with 'par'.

4

Il possède une solide expertise en finances de marché.

He has solid expertise in market finance.

Specific field 'finances de marché'.

5

La transparence des finances est un gage de confiance.

Transparency of finances is a guarantee of trust.

Abstract noun 'transparence'.

6

Les finances locales dépendent des subventions de l'État.

Local finances depend on state subsidies.

Verb 'dépendre de'.

7

Il a dilapidé ses finances dans des projets risqués.

He squandered his finances in risky projects.

Verb 'dilapider'.

8

L'audit a révélé des irrégularités dans les finances.

The audit revealed irregularities in the finances.

Noun 'irrégularités'.

1

L'opacité des finances de cette holding est suspecte.

The opacity of this holding company's finances is suspicious.

Noun 'opacité'.

2

Il convient de pérenniser les finances de l'association.

It is advisable to make the association's finances sustainable.

Verb 'pérenniser'.

3

La dérive des finances publiques inquiète les marchés.

The drift (worsening) of public finances worries the markets.

Metaphorical use of 'dérive'.

4

Elle a rédigé une thèse sur les finances sous l'Ancien Régime.

She wrote a thesis on finances under the Ancien Régime.

Historical context.

5

Le redressement des finances exige des sacrifices.

The recovery of finances requires sacrifices.

Noun 'redressement'.

6

Les finances occultes du parti ont été dévoilées.

The party's hidden finances were revealed.

Adjective 'occultes'.

7

L'interdépendance des finances exige une régulation accrue.

The interdependence of finances requires increased regulation.

Prefix 'inter-'.

8

Il jongle avec ses finances pour joindre les deux bouts.

He juggles his finances to make ends meet.

Idiomatic verb 'jongler'.

1

L'étiage des finances publiques atteint un seuil critique.

The low-water mark (lowest level) of public finances is reaching a critical threshold.

Literary term 'étiage'.

2

L'orthodoxie budgétaire prime sur la santé des finances.

Budgetary orthodoxy takes precedence over the health of finances.

Formal term 'orthodoxie'.

3

On assiste à une financiarisation outrancière des finances mondiales.

We are witnessing an excessive financialization of world finances.

Suffix '-isation'.

4

Le délitement des finances seigneuriales précipita la Révolution.

The crumbling of manorial finances precipitated the Revolution.

Historical/Literary register.

5

L'imbrication des finances privées et publiques pose question.

The overlapping of private and public finances raises questions.

Noun 'imbrication'.

6

Il fustige la gestion calamiteuse des finances de l'État.

He castigates the disastrous management of the state's finances.

Strong verb 'fustiger'.

7

La pérennité des finances sociales est au cœur du pacte républicain.

The sustainability of social finances is at the heart of the republican pact.

Political/Legal register.

8

Sous des dehors de prospérité, ses finances étaient exsangues.

Under an appearance of prosperity, his finances were bloodless (depleted).

Adjective 'exsangues'.

常见搭配

Gérer les finances
Finances publiques
Finances personnelles
Assainir les finances
État des finances
Ministère des Finances
Conseiller en finances
Marchés financiers
Loi de finances
Santé des finances

常用短语

Mettre de l'ordre dans ses finances

Les finances sont au plus bas

Une gestion saine des finances

Surveiller ses finances

Le monde des finances

Vivre selon ses finances

Améliorer ses finances

Les finances de l'État

Un expert en finances

Le poids des finances

容易混淆的词

finances vs Fiançailles (Engagement)

finances vs Finesse (Fineness)

finances vs Fiance (English word)

习语与表达

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

容易混淆

finances vs Argent

General term for money; 'finances' is the management/state of it.

finances vs Trésorerie

Specifically cash flow/liquidity.

finances vs Budget

The plan for future spending.

finances vs Comptabilité

The recording of financial transactions.

finances vs Patrimoine

Total assets and property owned.

句型

如何使用

plural usage

Standard for all modern contexts regarding money management.

singular usage

Rare, refers to a specific tax or fee in historical contexts.

常见错误
  • Using 'la finance' to mean 'my money'.
  • Forgetting the 's' at the end of 'finances'.
  • Making adjectives masculine (e.g., 'finances publics' instead of 'publiques').
  • Confusing 'finances' with 'fiancé' (it happens!).
  • Using 'finances' when you just mean 'coins/change' (use 'monnaie' instead).

小贴士

Agreement

Always remember that 'finances' is feminine. If you describe them as 'good', use 'bonnes' (feminine plural). This is a common test point for intermediate learners.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'argent' with friends at a bar. Use 'finances' when talking to your banker or writing a professional email. It elevates your level of French immediately.

Bercy

When you hear 'Bercy' in the news, they are talking about the Ministry of Finance. It's like saying 'The White House' or 'Downing Street'.

The Sector

If you want to say 'I work in finance', use the singular: 'Je travaille dans la finance'. This is the only common time the singular is used.

Collocations

Pair 'finances' with 'publiques' for government talk and 'personnelles' for individual talk. These are the two most common pairings you will need.

Nasal Vowels

Practice the 'in' and 'an' sounds in 'finances'. They are distinct nasal sounds that are crucial for being understood by native speakers.

Confidence

Don't be afraid to use 'finances' in casual conversation to sound more precise. 'Mes finances ne me permettent pas...' is a very polite way to decline an expensive invitation.

Visual Association

Imagine a large ledger or a bank building when you think of 'finances'. This helps separate it from just 'coins' (monnaie) or 'cash' (liquide).

Business French

In a job interview, talk about your ability to 'gérer les finances' of a project. It sounds much more professional than 'gérer l'argent'.

Context Clues

If you see 'finances' in a headline, look for words like 'déficit' or 'budget' nearby. They almost always appear together in economic articles.

记住它

词源

Old French 'finer' meaning 'to pay' or 'to end a dispute'.

文化背景

The former 'Impôt de Solidarité sur la Fortune,' a famous French wealth tax.

The nickname for the Ministry of Economy and Finance.

A popular tax-free savings account in France.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"Comment gères-tu tes finances au quotidien ?"

"Penses-tu que les finances publiques sont bien gérées ?"

"As-tu une application pour suivre tes finances ?"

"Est-ce que les finances sont un sujet tabou pour toi ?"

"Quel est ton meilleur conseil pour les finances ?"

日记主题

Décrivez l'état de vos finances ce mois-ci.

Quels sont vos objectifs pour vos finances personnelles ?

Pourquoi est-il important de surveiller ses finances ?

Comment la situation mondiale affecte-t-elle vos finances ?

Imaginez que vous êtes ministre des Finances pour un jour.

常见问题

10 个问题

Oui, dans 99% des cas modernes, on utilise 'les finances' pour parler de l'argent. Le singulier 'la finance' désigne le secteur d'activité ou l'industrie financière. Pour parler de votre situation d'argent, dites toujours 'mes finances'.

L'argent est le terme général et quotidien pour la monnaie. Les finances est un terme plus formel qui évoque la gestion, l'organisation et l'état global des ressources. On dira 'J'ai de l'argent' mais 'Mes finances sont saines'.

On dit 'les finances publiques'. C'est un terme très courant dans les médias français pour parler du budget de l'État, des impôts et de la dette nationale.

Les verbes les plus courants sont 'gérer', 'surveiller', 'équilibrer' et 'assainir'. On peut aussi dire 'dilapider ses finances' si on dépense tout son argent bêtement.

C'est un mot féminin. On dit 'une finance' (rare) et 'les finances'. Les adjectifs doivent donc être au féminin pluriel, comme dans 'des finances solides'.

Cela signifie rétablir l'équilibre financier, souvent en réduisant les dettes et les dépenses inutiles. C'est un terme très utilisé en politique et en gestion d'entreprise.

Non, ce n'est pas naturel. On dit 'mes finances'. Dire 'ma finance' donnerait l'impression que vous parlez d'une science ou d'une industrie qui vous appartient.

Le ministre des Finances dirige le ministère situé à Bercy. C'est l'un des postes les plus puissants du gouvernement français, responsable du budget et de l'économie.

C'est le texte de loi voté chaque année par le Parlement qui définit les recettes (impôts) et les dépenses de l'État pour l'année suivante.

Pour améliorer ses finances, il faut généralement augmenter ses revenus, réduire ses dépenses ou investir intelligemment. On parle alors de 'gestion des finances personnelles'.

自我测试 180 个问题

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

相关内容

有帮助吗？

评论 (0)

登录后评论
还没有评论。成为第一个分享想法的人！