Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of explaining causes, citing sources, and setting conditions like a native speaker.
- Distinguish between internal and external causes for negative outcomes.
- Integrate news and professional reports using proper citation structures.
- Express conditional dependencies and universal independence in any situation.
你将学到什么
Ready to fine-tune your Korean to B2? This chapter is your secret weapon for sounding truly native when you discuss *why* things happen and *who* or *what* is responsible. You’ll master four essential grammar patterns to express cause, blame, external information, and conditional relationships with precision.
First, you'll master attributing negative outcomes. Ever want to subtly blame someone or explain an unexpected mishap? We'll show you how to use -탓에 for assigning blame ('Because of you, I was late!') and -바람에 for sudden, unforeseen problems ('Traffic caused me to be late!'). This nuance is key for B2 speakers.
Then, learn to cite information like a pro with -에 따르면. This isn't just 'according to,' it's about correctly integrating reports and news, always paired with the right indirect speech ending like -대요. Imagine discussing current events or sharing advice – you'll do it seamlessly.
Next, master -에 따라(서), a versatile expression linking changing results to specific variables. Explain how your exam score *depends on* study effort, or how prices *vary according to* the season.
Finally, express absolute independence with -ㄴ/은/는 관계없이. Declare something is true *regardless of* age, cost, or any other condition. Say things like, 'No matter the weather, I'm going!'
By chapter's end, you'll confidently wield these rules, expressing complex ideas with native-like accuracy. You'll articulate causes, cite sources, and discuss dependencies, truly elevating your Korean. Get ready to impress!
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推卸责任：-탓에 和 -바람에想指责某个特定原因时用 «-탓에»，而遇到突发意外导致倒霉事时，用 «-바람에» 更有那种“哎呀，没想到”的委屈感。
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引用来源 (-에 따르면)使用 «-에 따르면» 来引用信息来源，但记得一定要搭配 «-대요» 或 «-다고 하다» 这种间接引语结尾哦！
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取决于 / 根据 ( -에 따라 / -에 따라서 )使用 «-에 따라(서)» 把变化的后果和特定的 «变量» 或 «客观标准» 连起来。记着它常和 «不同» 或 «改变» 搭配使用。
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无论 / 不管 (관계없이)当你想要强调某个条件（如时间、费用、背景）对结果“零影响”时，就用 «관계없이»。记住这三个核心词：«관계없이»、«상관없이»、«여부에 관계없이»。
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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By the end you will be able to: Articulate specific causes for negative events using -탓에 and -바람에.
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By the end you will be able to: Synthesize information from external sources using -에 따르면.
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By the end you will be able to: Describe variable results based on changing factors using -에 따라.
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By the end you will be able to: Assert statements that remain true regardless of context using -관계없이.
章节指南
Overview
How This Grammar Works
because of. For example: 네 탓에 우리가 늦었어. (We were late because of you.) Here, you are directly blamed.according to and is essential for integrating news, reports, or official statements. Crucially, it almost always pairs with indirect speech endings like -대요 (short for -다고 해요) or -라고 합니다.depending on, according to, or in accordance with. It highlights a relationship where one element's state or outcome is determined by another. You can use either -에 따라 or -에 따라서 interchangeably.regardless of or irrespective of, indicating that a certain condition or factor does not influence the outcome. It's perfect for making strong, unconditional statements.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: 교통체증 탓에 비행기를 놓쳤어요. (I missed the flight because of traffic congestion [blaming traffic].)
- 1✗ Wrong: 기상청에 따르면 «내일은 춥다.» (According to the meteorological agency,
Tomorrow is cold.)
- 1✗ Wrong: 열심히 공부한 것에 따라 시험에 합격했어요. (I passed the exam according to studying hard.)
wrong example awkwardly implies the passing was *conditional* on studying rather than a direct result.
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
How do -탓에 and -바람에 differ from -때문에 in B2 Korean grammar?
-때문에 is a neutral because of. -탓에 implies blame or fault for a negative outcome. -바람에 suggests an unforeseen, often sudden, negative consequence from external factors.
Can I use -에 따르면 to report my own opinion in Korean?
No, -에 따르면 is strictly for citing external, often objective, sources like news, reports, or official statements, not personal opinions.
Is there a difference between -에 따라 and -에 따라서?
While largely interchangeable, -에 따라서 can sometimes feel slightly more complete or emphatic, but their core meaning and usage for expressing dependency remain the same.
What's a common mistake when using -ㄴ/은/는 관계없이?
A common mistake is trying to attach it to a verb phrase directly without nominalizing it first. Remember to use -는 것 or a noun form before 관계없이. For example, 날씨가 좋은 것과 관계없이 (regardless of the weather being good).
Cultural Context
关键例句 (8)
技巧与窍门 (4)
注意语气！
间接引语是“法律义务”
万能结尾：'다르다'
疑问词小窍门
核心词汇 (6)
Real-World Preview
Debriefing a Project
Review Summary
- Noun + 탓에 / Verb + (으)ㄴ/는 바람에
- Noun + 에 따르면
- Noun + 에 따라(서)
- Noun + (과/와) 관계없이
常见错误
-탓에 is strictly for negative outcomes. You cannot use it for positive results.
Use -에 따르면 for citations, not -에 따라서.
Always include the particle -와/과 before 관계없이.
本章规则 (4)
Next Steps
You have navigated the complexities of B2 causality! Keep practicing these in your daily conversations to solidify your fluency.
Listen to a Korean news broadcast and identify one citation.
快速练习 (10)
___ 따르면, 내일 눈이 온대요. (根据新闻)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 引用来源 (-에 따르면)
갑자기 사고가 (나다) ___ 길이 많이 막혔어요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 推卸责任：-탓에 和 -바람에
Find and fix the mistake:
나에 따르면 이 영화는 재미있어.
나에 따르면)。这很不自然。请改用“在我看来/我的想法是” (제 생각에는)。frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 引用来源 (-에 따르면)
选择 '-탓에' 或 '-덕분에' 的正确用法。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 推卸责任：-탓에 和 -바람에
选择最自然的表达：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 无论 / 不管 (관계없이)
경험___ 관계없이 누구나 환영합니다. (不管有没有经验，我们都欢迎。)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 无论 / 不管 (관계없이)
Find and fix the mistake:
날씨가 추운 바람에 감기에 걸렸어요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 推卸责任：-탓에 和 -바람에
비가 오다 관계없이 축구를 했어.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 无论 / 不管 (관계없이)
상황___ 계획이 바뀔 수도 있어요. (根据情况，计划可能会变。)
-에 따라 是表示“根据”的正确表达。frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 取决于 / 根据 ( -에 따라 / -에 따라서 )
일기 예보에 따르면 비가 ___.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 引用来源 (-에 따르면)
Score: /10
常见问题 (6)
-에 의하면 听起来更正式一点，常用于论文或书面语，而 -에 따르면 在口语和新闻中用得更广。«뉴스에 의하면» 和 «뉴스에 따르면» 都可以。-에 따르면 是在引用。如果你直接说 «根据新闻，正在下雨»（用普通结尾），听起来像是在亲自确认。使用 -대요（间接引语）则表明你只是在转述听到的消息。«비가 온대요» 才是正确的搭配。-느냐에 따라(서) 模式。例如：«무엇을 먹느냐에 따라»（取决于吃什么）。
