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B1 noun 10分钟阅读

not

例句 笔记与提示 not 30秒了解
解析 not in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners encounter 'not' as one of the basic nouns related to school and daily life. The focus is on simple identification and possession. You will learn that 'not' means a 'grade' or a 'small message'. You will use it in very short sentences like 'Bu benim notum' (This is my note) or 'Notun kaç?' (What is your grade?). At this stage, the most important thing is to avoid confusing it with the English 'not'. You should think of it as an object you can hold, like a 'defter' (notebook) or a 'kalem' (pen). You will also learn the basic plural form 'notlar'. The context is usually limited to a classroom setting where a teacher gives a 'not'.
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At the A2 level, you start using 'not' with basic action verbs, primarily 'almak' (to take/get) and 'yazmak' (to write). You can describe your school performance: 'Sınavdan iyi bir not aldım' (I got a good grade from the exam). You also begin to use it for simple organization, such as 'Küçük bir not yazdım' (I wrote a small note). You will learn to use 'not' with basic adjectives: 'yüksek not' (high grade), 'düşük not' (low grade), 'kısa not' (short note). You might also encounter 'not defteri' (notebook) as a compound noun. The focus is on practical, everyday communication and describing simple academic results.
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At the B1 level, 'not' becomes a tool for more complex interactions. You are expected to use it in professional or semi-formal contexts, such as taking notes during a meeting or a lecture ('not tutmak' or 'not almak'). You will learn more idiomatic expressions like 'not düşmek' (to add a side note) or 'not etmek' (to record). You can discuss grading systems and academic requirements in more detail. You understand the difference between 'not' and 'puan' in most contexts. You also begin to see 'not' in news reports or articles, often referring to 'diplomatik not' or official records. Your ability to use the word in the dative ('nota bakmak') and locative ('notta yazıyor') cases becomes more fluid.
At the B2 level, you use 'not' with a high degree of nuance. You can distinguish between 'not almak' (the general activity) and 'not tutmak' (the systematic process of taking lecture notes). You are familiar with academic terms like 'geçer not' (passing grade) and 'kanaat notu' (discretionary grade given by a teacher). You can use 'not' in figurative senses, such as 'Zihnimin bir kenarına not ettim' (I noted it in the back of my mind). You understand the subtle differences in register between 'not', 'mesaj', and 'tutanak'. You can also handle the word in complex sentence structures, such as relative clauses: 'Öğretmenin verdiği notu hiç beğenmedim' (I didn't like the grade the teacher gave at all).
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At the C1 level, you are comfortable with the most specialized and formal uses of 'not'. You understand 'dipnot' (footnote) and 'sonnot' (endnote) in academic writing and can produce them yourself. You can discuss the implications of 'diplomatik nota' in international relations. You recognize the word in literary contexts, where it might refer to 'gezi notları' (travel notes) or 'günlük notları' (diary entries). You can use the word to express subtle shades of meaning, such as 'eleştirel bir not' (a critical note/tone). Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct use of stress and intonation to distinguish the noun 'not' from other similar-sounding suffixes.
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'not' and its place in the history of the Turkish language. You are aware of its etymological journey and its synonyms in Ottoman Turkish (like 'mülahaza' or 'haşiye'). You can analyze the use of 'not' in complex philosophical or legal texts. You can play with the word in creative writing, using it in puns or complex metaphors. You understand the administrative nuances of 'not baremi' (grading scale) and 'not dökümü' (transcript). You can lead discussions on educational policy regarding 'notlandırma' (grading) and its psychological effects on students. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a versatile tool in your extensive linguistic repertoire.
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例句 笔记与提示

not 30秒了解

  • Not means 'note' (written) or 'grade' (school).
  • It is a 'false friend'—it does NOT mean English 'not'.
  • Commonly used with verbs 'almak' (take/get) and 'vermek' (give).
  • Follows standard Turkish noun grammar and pluralization (notlar).

The Turkish word not is a multifaceted noun that English speakers will find both familiar and potentially confusing due to its status as a 'false friend' in certain contexts. Primarily, it refers to a written record, a short message, or an academic grade. While it sounds exactly like the English negation particle 'not', it carries no negative meaning in Turkish. Instead, it is a loanword from the French 'note', which in turn stems from the Latin 'nota', meaning a mark, sign, or character used in writing. Understanding 'not' requires looking at the Turkish educational system and the daily professional life where documentation is key.

Academic Context
In the Turkish school system, 'not' is the standard term for a grade or mark. Whether it is a score out of 100 or a letter grade, students and teachers alike refer to these evaluations as 'notlar'. For instance, a student might ask, 'Matematik notun kaç?' (What is your math grade?).
Professional and Personal Documentation
In an office or during a lecture, 'not' refers to the act of recording information. The phrase 'not almak' (to take a note) is ubiquitous. It can refer to a quick reminder on a sticky note or a detailed summary of a meeting. Unlike the English word 'memo', 'not' is used for both informal scribbles and formal diplomatic communications.

"Dersi dinlerken önemli kısımları not almayı unutma."

— Common advice from Turkish teachers

Beyond these common uses, 'not' also appears in the context of music to describe a musical note, though 'nota' is the more specific term for the symbol itself. However, when referring to the grade a musician receives in an exam, 'not' returns to its academic sense. In diplomatic circles, a 'not' (often 'nota') can be a formal communication between governments, showing the word's range from a student's backpack to the halls of international power. The versatility of 'not' makes it an essential B1-level word, as it bridges the gap between basic survival Turkish and more complex academic or professional interaction.

"Toplantıda aldığım notlar sayesinde projeyi başarıyla tamamladık."

It is important to distinguish 'not' from 'puan'. While both can mean 'score', 'puan' is more commonly used for points in a game, sports, or standardized test scores (like the SAT or the Turkish YKS), whereas 'not' is the qualitative or quantitative evaluation given by an instructor. If you receive an 85 on a paper, that is your 'not'. If you score 3 goals in a match, those are 'puanlar' or simply goals. This distinction is vital for sounding natural in Turkish conversations.

Using 'not' correctly in Turkish involves mastering its common verb pairings and understanding how it functions as a noun within a sentence. Because it is a count noun, it follows standard Turkish pluralization and declension rules. The most critical verb to associate with 'not' is 'almak' (to take/get) and 'vermek' (to give).

The Verb 'Almak'
When you say 'not almak', you are either receiving a grade ('Sınavdan yüksek not aldım' - I got a high grade from the exam) or you are writing down information ('Defterime not aldım' - I took a note in my notebook). The context usually makes the meaning clear.
The Verb 'Vermek'
Teachers 'not verir' (give grades). If a teacher is known to be strict, you might hear students say, 'O hoca çok kıt not verir' (That teacher gives very low/stingy grades).

"Küçük bir kağıda telefon numarasını not etti."

Grammatically, 'not' can take various suffixes. For instance, 'notu' (his/her/its note or the note [accusative]), 'notlar' (notes), and 'notlarım' (my notes). In the possessive form, the 't' does not change to 'd' because 'not' is a single-syllable word that maintains its hard consonant, which is a common exception in Turkish phonology (though some single-syllable words do change, 'not' stays as 'notu').

"Öğretmen, öğrencilerin notlarını sisteme girdi."

Another frequent construction is the use of 'not' with the word 'düşmek' (to drop/fall). In a metaphorical sense, 'not düşmek' means to leave a note or to add a side remark, often used in professional emails or in the margins of a book. For example: 'Raporun sonuna bir not düştüm' (I added a note to the end of the report). This adds a layer of sophistication to your Turkish, moving beyond the simple 'not yazdım' (I wrote a note).

If you spend any time in a Turkish environment, you will hear 'not' constantly. It is an indispensable part of the daily lexicon, particularly in settings involving learning, organization, or administration. Let's explore the three primary arenas where 'not' reigns supreme: the classroom, the office, and the home.

The University Corridor
In Turkish universities, the end of the semester is marked by 'not telaşı' (grade anxiety). Students gather around bulletin boards or refresh online portals to see their 'final notları'. You will hear phrases like 'Notlar açıklanmış!' (The grades have been announced!) or 'Bu dersten geçer not aldım' (I got a passing grade from this course).
The Corporate Meeting
During a business meeting in Istanbul or Ankara, a manager might say, 'Lütfen bu noktayı not alın' (Please take a note of this point). Employees often carry 'not defteri' (notebooks) to ensure they don't miss any 'önemli notlar' (important notes). In this context, 'not' is synonymous with professional diligence.

"Garson, siparişlerimizi küçük bir kağıda not aldı."

In daily life, 'not' is also used for reminders. A mother might leave a 'not' on the fridge for her children: 'Yemeğiniz fırında, afiyet olsun.' This is a 'buzdolabı notu' (fridge note). In the age of smartphones, people use 'not uygulaması' (note application) to keep track of grocery lists or fleeting thoughts. The word has seamlessly transitioned from paper to digital interfaces, maintaining its core meaning of 'short, recorded information'.

"Sekreter, müdür için kısa bir not bıraktı."

In summary, 'not' is a word that signals attention and record-keeping. Whether it is the 'vize notu' (midterm grade) that determines a student's future or a 'küçük not' (small note) that reminds you to buy milk, the word is a pillar of organized Turkish life. Its frequency in television dramas (diziler), especially those set in schools or law firms, provides excellent listening practice for B1 learners who want to hear the word used in various emotional tones—from the joy of a high grade to the urgency of a secret message.

For English speakers, the most frequent errors when using the Turkish word 'not' stem from linguistic interference and phonetic similarity. Because 'not' is a fundamental building block of English grammar (negation), the brain often defaults to that meaning when hearing or seeing the word in Turkish. Let's break down the most common pitfalls.

The Negation Confusion
The most obvious mistake is trying to use 'not' to mean 'no' or 'not'. For example, saying 'Ben not geliyorum' to mean 'I am not coming' is incorrect and nonsensical in Turkish. The correct way to negate a verb is with the suffix '-ma/-me' (Gelmiyorum), and the way to negate a noun or adjective is with 'değil' (Mutlu değilim). Remember: In Turkish, 'not' is a thing you write, not a way to say 'no'.
Confusing 'Not' and 'Nota'
While they share the same root, 'nota' is specifically used for musical notes (the symbols on a staff) or diplomatic formal warnings. If you are talking about the grade you got in a music class, use 'not'. If you are talking about the 'C' note on a piano, use 'nota'. Using 'not' to describe a musical melody symbol sounds slightly off to a native ear.

Incorrect: "Bu ödev not iyi." Correct: "Bu ödev iyi değil."

Another mistake involves the phrase 'not almak'. English speakers often say 'notlar almak' (plural) because they think 'I am taking notes'. However, in Turkish, when using the general verb 'not almak', the word 'not' usually stays singular as it acts as part of a compound verb phrase. Saying 'Ders boyunca notlar aldım' is grammatically possible but 'Ders boyunca not aldım' is the more natural, idiomatic way to express the activity.

"Sınav notu (Correct) vs. Sınav puanı (Used for total score, but not is better for the grade)."

Finally, be careful with the preposition 'from' when talking about grades. In English, we say 'I got an A in math'. In Turkish, you say 'Matematikten (from math) A aldım'. Using the locative 'Matematikte A aldım' is understandable but less common when referring to the grade itself. Mastering these small prepositional differences will significantly improve your fluency and make you sound more like a native B1 speaker.

Turkish is a language rich in synonyms and near-synonyms, and 'not' is no exception. Depending on whether you mean a 'grade' or a 'written message', there are several alternatives that can add precision to your speech. Understanding these nuances is a hallmark of moving from intermediate to advanced proficiency.

Puan vs. Not
While often used interchangeably, 'puan' refers to numerical points (e.g., '10 puan kazandın'), whereas 'not' refers to the formal evaluation or grade (e.g., 'Dönem sonu notu'). Use 'puan' for games and 'not' for school.
Mesaj vs. Not
A 'mesaj' is a message, often sent via phone or email. A 'not' is usually something written on paper or a short reminder. If you leave a sticky note on someone's desk, it's a 'not'. If you send a WhatsApp, it's a 'mesaj'.
Pusula vs. Not
In older Turkish or more literary contexts, 'pusula' can mean a small note or a slip of paper with writing on it. While 'pusula' also means 'compass', its use as 'note' is still found in historical novels.

"Kitabın kenarına küçük bir açıklama (explanation) yazdı."

When 'not' is used as a grade, another related word is 'derece' (degree/rank). However, 'derece' is usually reserved for ranking (e.g., 'Sınıf derecesi' - Class rank) rather than the individual grade itself. For a 'written record' of a meeting, you might also hear 'tutanak' (minutes of a meeting). A 'tutanak' is a much more formal, legalistic document than simple 'notlar'.

"Toplantı tutanaklarını (minutes) inceledim ama kendi notlarıma (notes) daha çok güveniyorum."

Lastly, consider 'uyarı' (warning) or 'hatırlatma' (reminder). Sometimes an English speaker might say 'I left him a note' when they actually mean 'I gave him a reminder'. In Turkish, saying 'Ona bir hatırlatma yaptım' is more specific than 'Ona bir not bıraktım'. Choosing the right word among these alternatives will make your Turkish sound more precise and professional.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

Although 'not' is a loanword, it replaced older Ottoman terms like 'mülahaza' in common speech during the language reforms of the 20th century.

发音指南

UK /nɒt/
US /nɑːt/
Single syllable, so the stress is on the entire word.
押韵词
bot (boot/boat) kot (jeans) pot (pot/blunder) rot (route) şot (shot) lot (lot) kot (quota) spot (spot)
常见错误
  • Pronouncing it like the English word 'note' (/noʊt/) with a diphthong.
  • Elongating the 'o' vowel too much.
  • Softening the final 't' into a 'd' sound.
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按水平分级的例句

1

Bu bir not.

This is a note.

Simple subject-complement sentence.

2

Notun burada.

Your note is here.

Possessive suffix -un.

3

Notum çok iyi.

My grade is very good.

Possessive suffix -um.

4

Bu ne notu?

What note is this?

Noun compound (belirtisiz isim tamlaması).

5

Küçük bir not.

A small note.

Adjective-noun pair.

6

Notlar masada.

The notes are on the table.

Plural suffix -lar and locative -da.

7

Ali'nin notu kaç?

What is Ali's grade?

Genitive-possessive construction.

8

Bana bir not ver.

Give me a note.

Imperative verb form.

1

Sınavdan yüz aldım, harika bir not!

I got a hundred from the exam, a great grade!

Ablative case -dan with 'almak'.

2

Öğretmen tahtaya bir not yazdı.

The teacher wrote a note on the board.

Dative case -ya (to the board).

3

Lütfen telefon numaramı not al.

Please take a note of my phone number.

Compound verb 'not almak'.

4

Annem buzdolabına bir not bıraktı.

My mother left a note on the fridge.

Dative case -a (to the fridge).

5

Düşük not aldığım için üzgünüm.

I am sad because I got a low grade.

Causal construction with 'için'.

6

Bu notu kim yazdı?

Who wrote this note?

Accusative case -u.

7

Not defterimi evde unuttum.

I forgot my notebook at home.

Compound noun 'not defteri' with possessive and accusative.

8

Hangi dersten yüksek not aldın?

From which lesson did you get a high grade?

Interrogative 'hangi'.

1

Toplantı sırasında önemli noktaları not ettim.

I noted down the important points during the meeting.

Postposition 'sırasında' (during).

2

Kitabın kenarına bir not düşmüş.

He/she added a note to the margin of the book.

Indirect past tense -miş.

3

Geçer not almak için çok çalışmalısın.

You must work hard to get a passing grade.

Necessitative mood -malısın.

4

Müdürün notunu sekretere ilettim.

I conveyed the manager's note to the secretary.

Double possessive/accusative chain.

5

Notlarıma bakmadan konuşamam.

I cannot speak without looking at my notes.

Negative 'can' form with 'madan' (without).

6

Öğretmen ödevime kısa bir not eklemiş.

The teacher added a short note to my homework.

Dative case -ime.

7

Bu vize notu ortalamamı etkileyecek.

This midterm grade will affect my average.

Future tense -ecek.

8

Lütfen ajandanıza bu tarihi not edin.

Please note this date in your agenda.

Formal imperative -in.

1

Ders notlarını arkadaşımdan ödünç aldım.

I borrowed the lecture notes from my friend.

Compound noun 'ders notları' with accusative.

2

Diplomatik bir nota verilmesi bekleniyor.

A diplomatic note is expected to be given.

Passive voice 'verilmesi'.

3

Yazar, kitabın sonuna bir teşekkür notu koymuş.

The author put a thank-you note at the end of the book.

Compound noun 'teşekkür notu'.

4

Not sistemindeki değişiklikler öğrencileri kızdırdı.

Changes in the grading system angered the students.

Locative with 'ki' suffix (not sistemindeki).

5

Aldığım notlar sayesinde konuyu hızlıca kavradım.

Thanks to the notes I took, I grasped the subject quickly.

Relative clause 'aldığım' (that I took).

6

Her şeyi harfiyen not etmenize gerek yok.

There is no need for you to note everything down literally.

Possessive infinitive 'etmenize'.

7

Notu okuyunca yüzündeki ifade değişti.

When he read the note, the expression on his face changed.

Adverbial 'ınca' (when/upon).

8

Bu not sadece yetkili personel içindir.

This note is for authorized personnel only.

Predicate with 'içindir'.

1

Akademik makalelerde dipnot kullanımı çok önemlidir.

The use of footnotes is very important in academic articles.

Compound noun 'dipnot kullanımı'.

2

Eleştirmen, filmin sonuyla ilgili olumsuz bir not düşmüş.

The critic added a negative note regarding the end of the movie.

Postposition 'ilgili' (related to).

3

Seyahat notlarımı bir kitapta toplamayı düşünüyorum.

I am thinking of gathering my travel notes in a book.

Possessive plural with accusative 'notlarımı'.

4

Konuşmacı, dinleyicilerin not alması için kısa bir ara verdi.

The speaker gave a short break for the listeners to take notes.

Causal 'için' with possessive infinitive.

5

Bu belge, tarihe düşülmüş önemli bir nottur.

This document is an important note dropped into history.

Passive participle 'düşülmüş'.

6

Müzisyen, eserin temposu hakkında küçük bir not ekledi.

The musician added a small note about the tempo of the piece.

Postposition 'hakkında'.

7

Kanaat notu, öğrencinin derse katılımına göre verilir.

The discretionary grade is given according to the student's class participation.

Passive present 'verilir'.

8

Not dökümünü almak için öğrenci işlerine gitmelisin.

You should go to the student affairs office to get your transcript.

Compound noun 'not dökümü' (transcript).

1

Metnin satır aralarına gizlenmiş notlar, yazarın gerçek niyetini ele veriyor.

The notes hidden between the lines of the text reveal the author's true intention.

Complex relative clause structure.

2

Diplomatik ilişkilerin gerilmesi üzerine karşılıklı notalar verildi.

Mutual diplomatic notes were given upon the straining of diplomatic relations.

Adverbial 'üzerine' (upon).

3

Filozofun ölümünden sonra yayımlanan el yazması notlar büyük ilgi gördü.

The manuscript notes published after the philosopher's death drew great interest.

Passive participle 'yayımlanan'.

4

Notlandırma sistemindeki adaletsizlikler toplumsal bir tartışmaya yol açtı.

Injustices in the grading system led to a social debate.

Noun derivation 'notlandırma' (grading).

5

Bu dipnot, yazarın önceki eserlerine dair derinlemesine bir atıf içeriyor.

This footnote contains an in-depth reference to the author's previous works.

Postposition 'dair' (pertaining to).

6

Müfettiş, raporun kenarına 'ivedi' ibaresiyle bir not iliştirdi.

The inspector attached a note to the margin of the report with the phrase 'urgent'.

Instrumental case with 'ibaresiyle'.

7

Besteci, notaların arasına serpiştirdiği sessizliklerle yeni bir dil yaratıyor.

The composer creates a new language with the silences he sprinkles between the notes.

Relative clause 'serpiştirdiği'.

8

Not defterindeki her bir karalama, aslında bitmemiş bir düşüncenin ürünüydü.

Every single scribble in the notebook was actually the product of an unfinished thought.

Past tense of the copula 'ürünüydü'.

常见搭配

not almak
not vermek
not tutmak
yüksek not
düşük not
not defteri
geçer not
not düşmek
diplomatik not
not kırmak

常用短语

Not aldım.

— I took a note / I got a grade.

Söylediğin her şeyi not aldım.

Kısa bir not.

— A short note.

Sana kısa bir not bıraktım.

Notun kaç?

— What is your grade?

Matematik sınavı notun kaç?

Önemli bir not.

— An important note.

Bu, davanın seyri için önemli bir not.

Notları kontrol et.

— Check the notes / grades.

Sisteme girip notları kontrol et.

Not bırakmak.

— To leave a note.

Kapıya bir not bıraktım.

Not istemek.

— To ask for a grade / To ask for notes.

Arkadaşımdan ders notlarını istedim.

Not paylaşmak.

— To share notes.

Sınav öncesi notlarımızı paylaştık.

Not sistemi.

— Grading system.

Türkiye'de not sistemi değişiyor.

Not kağıdı.

— Note paper / slip.

Bana bir not kağıdı verir misin?

习语与表达

"Notunu vermek"

— To size someone up / To form a definitive (usually negative) opinion of someone.

Onun nasıl biri olduğunu anladım, notunu verdim.

informal
"Zihnine not etmek"

— To commit something to memory.

Bu tavsiyeyi zihnime not ettim.

neutral
"Dipnot düşmek"

— To add a side remark or clarification.

Konuşmasına bir dipnot düştü.

neutral
"Not kırmak"

— To deduct points/marks from a student's score.

İmla hataları yüzünden hoca not kırmış.

academic
"Geçer not almak"

— To barely pass / To get a sufficient grade.

Sınavdan ucu ucuna geçer not aldım.

neutral
"Not dökümü"

— Transcript of records.

İş başvurusu için not dökümü lazım.

formal
"Söz uçar, yazı (not) kalır"

— Spoken words fly away, written words remain (A proverb emphasizing the importance of taking notes).

Lütfen bunları yazın; söz uçar, yazı kalır.

literary
"Notu kıt"

— A teacher who gives low grades / Stingy with marks.

Bizim tarih hocasının notu çok kıttır.

informal
"Notu bol"

— A teacher who gives high grades generously.

Edebiyat öğretmeni notu bol biridir.

informal
"Nota vermek"

— To issue a formal diplomatic protest.

Dışişleri Bakanlığı elçiye nota verdi.

political

词族

名词

not
noter (notary)
notasyon (notation)
notlandırma (grading)
notluk (something for notes)

动词

not almak
not etmek
notlandırmak (to grade)

形容词

notlu (with notes)
notsuz (without notes)

相关

kalem
kağıt
defter
sınav
ders
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记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Knot'. You tie a knot in your string to remember something. In Turkish, you write a 'Not' to remember something.

视觉联想

Imagine a bright yellow Post-it note stuck to a student's forehead with a big '100' written on it.

Word Web

Sınav Öğretmen Defter Kalem Başarı Karne Diploma Ders

挑战

Write three things you need to do today on a piece of paper and label it 'Benim Notlarım'.

词源

Borrowed from the French word 'note'.

原始含义： A mark, sign, or written remark.

Indo-European (via French) to Turkic.

文化背景

Be sensitive when asking adults about their 'notlar' if they are students, as it can be a source of stress.

English speakers must be careful not to use 'not' for negation, which is their most common instinct.

Karne Günü (National school holiday) Diplomatik Nota (Common news headline) Not Defteri (Title of several Turkish books/shows)
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