B1 Gerunds & Infinitives 15 min read متوسط

عادت داشتن به چیزی (Be Used To + -ing)

یاد گرفتن «be used to + -ing» باعث میشه وقتی از عادت‌های فعلی و چیزایی که باهاشون راحتی حرف می‌زنی، خیلی طبیعی به نظر برسی. مثل «عادت فعلی»، «راحتی» و «عادی شدن».

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'be used to' + '-ing' to describe things that are familiar, normal, or no longer strange to you.

  • Always include the verb 'be' (am/is/are/was) before 'used to' for current familiarity. Example: 'I am used to the noise.'
  • Follow 'used to' with a noun or a gerund (-ing verb). Example: 'She is used to driving in traffic.'
  • Never use the base form of the verb after 'be used to'. Example: 'I am used to wake up early' is incorrect.
👤 + 🐝 (am/is/are) + 🧱 (used to) + 🏃‍♂️-ing / 📦 (Noun)

مرور کلی

تا حالا شده از آیفون به اندروید سوییچ کنی و حس کنی انگشتات یهو فلج شدن؟ یا شاید رفتی به یه کشور جدید و مدام سعی می‌کنی از سمت راننده سوار ماشین بشی، بعد یادت می‌افته که فرمون سمت دیگه‌ست؟ این حسِ 'این عجیبه' بالاخره یه روزی تموم می‌شه.
وقتی این اتفاق می‌افته، به یه ساختار گرامری خاص نیاز داری تا منطقه امن جدیدت رو توصیف کنی. اینجاست که be used to وارد می‌شه. این عبارت پلی هست بین 'این عجیبه' و 'این زندگی عادی منه'.
بیشتر مردم این رو با عادت‌های گذشته اشتباه می‌گیرن، اما امروز قراره مطمئن بشیم که تو دیگه این اشتباه رو تکرار نمی‌کنی.

این گرامر چطور کار می‌کنه

مهم‌ترین چیزی که باید یادت بمونه اینه که to توی این عبارت یه حرف اضافه (preposition) هست، نه بخشی از مصدر (infinitive). این نکته برای خیلی از زبان‌آموزها نقطه عطفه. چون to حرف اضافه هست، بعدش حتماً باید اسم یا اسم مصدر (شکل -ing دار فعل) بیاد.
نمی‌تونی بعدش فعل ساده بیاری. این رو مثل عبارت 'excited about' در نظر بگیر. تو می‌گی 'I am excited about the party' یا 'I am excited about going'، نمی‌گی 'I am excited about go'.
همین منطق اینجا هم درسته. تو به یه چیزی used to هستی. اون 'چیز' همون اسم یا اسم مصدرته.
این وضعیت فعلی تو رو توصیف می‌کنه.

الگوی ساخت

1
با فاعل (Subject) شروع کن (من، تو، گربه، هم‌اتاقیم).
2
شکل درست فعل to be رو اضافه کن. این بسته به فاعل و زمانی که داری دربارش حرف می‌زنی تغییر می‌کنه (am, is, are, was, were, will be).
3
عبارت ثابت used to رو اضافه کن.
4
با یه اسم مصدر (Gerund) (فعل با -ing) یا یه اسم/ضمیر جمله رو تموم کن.

کی استفاده کنیم

وقتی یه چیزی برات 'عادی' شده از این ساختار استفاده کن.
  • محیط‌های جدید: رفتی خوابگاه و بالاخره به حموم مشترک با ۵ تا غریبه used to شدی (عادت کردی).
  • تکنولوژی: یه موس گیمینگ جدید خریدی و به دکمه‌های اضافه‌ش used to شدی.
  • آب و هوا: از خوزستان رفتی تبریز و بالاخره به پوشیدن سه لایه لباس used to شدی.

اشتباهات رایج

  1. 1فراموش کردن فعل 'be': بعضی‌ها می‌گن 'I used to the city'. غلطه! تو به am/is/are نیاز داری. درست: 'I am used to the city'.
  2. 2استفاده از مصدر ساده: این اشتباه بزرگیه. می‌گن 'I am used to wake up early'. معلم زبانت همین الان بیهوش شد! از -ing استفاده کن! درست: 'I am used to waking up early'.

مقایسه با الگوهای مشابه

  • Used to + Base Verb: برای عادت‌های گذشته. 'I used to eat meat' (الان گیاهخوارم).
  • Be used to + Gerund: برای حالت عادت داشتن. 'I am used to the noise' (دیگه سر و صدا اذیتم نمی‌کنه).

سؤالات رایج

سوال: می‌تونم برای آدم‌ها هم استفاده‌ش کنم؟
جواب: بله! 'I'm used to my roommate's snoring.'
سوال: همیشه باید -ing بیاد؟
جواب: بله، اگه فعل بیاری. یا فقط از یه اسم استفاده کن: 'I'm used to the noise.'

Conjugating 'Be Used To'

Subject Verb 'Be' Used To Object (Noun/Gerund)
I
am / was
used to
the noise / working
You
are / were
used to
the weather / driving
He/She/It
is / was
used to
the food / waking up
We
are / were
used to
the rules / living here
They
are / were
used to
the traffic / commuting

Common Contractions

Full Form Contraction Negative Contraction
I am used to
I'm used to
I'm not used to
You are used to
You're used to
You aren't used to
He is used to
He's used to
He isn't used to
We are used to
We're used to
We aren't used to

Meanings

To be familiar with something so that it no longer seems surprising, difficult, or strange.

1

Current State of Familiarity

Describing a present situation where you feel comfortable or adjusted to a specific environment or habit.

“I am used to working late on Tuesdays.”

“He is used to the cold weather in Canada.”

2

The Process of Adjustment (Get used to)

Using 'get' instead of 'be' to describe the transition from something being strange to becoming familiar.

“It took me a while to get used to the new software.”

“You will soon get used to the commute.”

3

Past Familiarity

Describing a state of being accustomed to something in the past that may or may not continue now.

“When I lived in the city, I was used to hearing sirens all night.”

“They weren't used to such high levels of humidity.”

Reference Table

Reference table for عادت داشتن به چیزی (Be Used To + -ing)
ساختار معنی مثال
Be used to + -ing
عادت داشتن به / آشنا بودن با (وضعیت فعلی)
I'm used to waking up early.
Get used to + -ing
روند عادت کردن
I'm getting used to waking up early.
Used to + infinitive
عادت/وضعیت گذشته، که دیگر درست نیست
I used to wake up late.
Be used for + noun/-ing
هدف یک شیء
This knife is used for cutting bread.
Be used as + noun
عملکرد/نقش یک شیء
This box can be used as a table.

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
I have become accustomed to the revised schedule.

I have become accustomed to the revised schedule. (Workplace)

خنثی
I'm used to the new schedule.

I'm used to the new schedule. (Workplace)

غیر رسمی
I'm cool with the new hours.

I'm cool with the new hours. (Workplace)

عامیانه
I'm down with the new shift.

I'm down with the new shift. (Workplace)

Be Used To + -ing: منطقه راحتی تو

Be Used To + -ing

ساختار

  • فاعل e.g., I, She, We
  • فعل Be am, is, are, was, were
  • Used to The fixed phrase
  • Gerund Verb + -ing

کاربرد

  • عادت‌های فعلی Routine actions
  • عادت‌پذیری Adjusted to new situations
  • منطقه راحتی Things that feel normal
  • اسم‌ها هم! Used to + noun (e.g., the cold)

تضاد با

  • Used to + Inf. Past habits, no longer true
  • Get Used To + -ing Process of adapting

جدول مقایسه: خانواده Used To

Be Used To + -ing
I'm used to waking up early. الان عادت دارم.
She's used to the noise. براش عادیه.
Get Used To + -ing
I'm getting used to waking up early. در حال عادت کردن.
She's getting used to the noise. هنوز داره عادت می‌کنه.
Used To + Infinitive
I used to wake up late. عادت گذشته، دیگر نه.
She used to live in a quiet town. وضعیت گذشته، الان نه.

فلوچارت: کدوم 'Used To' رو استفاده کنم؟

1

آیا درباره یه عادت یا وضعیت گذشته حرف می‌زنی که دیگه وجود نداره؟

YES
استفاده کن: used to + infinitive
NO
ادامه بده
2

آیا داری روند عادت کردن به یه چیزی رو توصیف می‌کنی؟

YES
استفاده کن: get used to + -ing
NO
ادامه بده
3

آیا داری وضعیتی رو توصیف می‌کنی که از قبل به چیزی عادت داری؟

YES
استفاده کن: be used to + -ing
NO
قصدت رو دوباره ارزیابی کن!

فعالیت‌هایی که بهشون عادت می‌کنیم

روتین‌های روزمره

  • waking up early
  • commuting
  • cooking healthy
  • exercising daily
🏙️

محیط‌های جدید

  • the city noise
  • cold weather
  • driving on the left
  • new food
💻

زندگی کاری

  • working remotely
  • long meetings
  • managing deadlines
  • new software
👥

موقعیت‌های اجتماعی

  • speaking English
  • meeting new people
  • large gatherings
  • different customs

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

I am used to the cold.

I am used to the cold.

2

She is used to the noise.

She is used to the noise.

3

Are you used to the food?

Are you used to the food?

4

They are not used to the sun.

They are not used to the sun.

1

I am used to my new car.

I am used to my new car.

2

He isn't used to the new teacher.

He isn't used to the new teacher.

3

We are getting used to the new house.

We are getting used to the new house.

4

Is she used to her new phone?

Is she used to her new phone?

1

I am used to waking up at 6 AM.

I am used to waking up at 6 AM.

2

She is used to working in a team.

She is used to working in a team.

3

They aren't used to eating so late.

They aren't used to eating so late.

4

Are you used to living in a flat?

Are you used to living in a flat?

1

I've finally gotten used to the way he speaks.

I've finally gotten used to the way he speaks.

2

She was used to being the best in her class.

She was used to being the best in her class.

3

You'll get used to the pressure of the job.

You'll get used to the pressure of the job.

4

We weren't used to having so much free time.

We weren't used to having so much free time.

1

He is quite used to being criticized by the media.

He is quite used to being criticized by the media.

2

I'm not used to such blatant disregard for the rules.

I'm not used to such blatant disregard for the rules.

3

Having lived in Tokyo, she was used to navigating crowded trains.

Having lived in Tokyo, she was used to navigating crowded trains.

4

They had become used to the silence of the desert.

They had become used to the silence of the desert.

1

The seasoned diplomat was used to parrying difficult questions.

The seasoned diplomat was used to parrying difficult questions.

2

One eventually becomes used to the ephemeral nature of fame.

One eventually becomes used to the ephemeral nature of fame.

3

She was used to the rhythmic, almost hypnotic, sound of the loom.

She was used to the rhythmic, almost hypnotic, sound of the loom.

4

He was used to his authority being absolute and unquestioned.

He was used to his authority being absolute and unquestioned.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

Being Accustomed to Something (Be Used To + -ing) در مقابل Used To (Past Habit)

Learners mix up 'I used to drive' (past habit) and 'I am used to driving' (current familiarity).

Being Accustomed to Something (Be Used To + -ing) در مقابل Get Used To

Learners think 'be used to' and 'get used to' are identical.

Being Accustomed to Something (Be Used To + -ing) در مقابل Usually

Learners use 'used to' to talk about present habits.

اشتباهات رایج

I used to the cold.

I am used to the cold.

You forgot the verb 'be'.

I am use to the cold.

I am used to the cold.

You must use the 'd' at the end of 'used'.

I am used the cold.

I am used to the cold.

You forgot the preposition 'to'.

He used to the rain.

He is used to the rain.

Subject-verb agreement: 'He' needs 'is'.

I am used to drive.

I am used to driving.

You used the base verb instead of the -ing form.

Are you used to the new job?

Are you used to the new job?

This is actually correct, but learners often try to say 'Do you used to...'

I not used to this.

I am not used to this.

Missing 'am' in the negative.

I used to living here.

I am used to living here.

Confusing 'used to' (past habit) with 'be used to' (familiarity).

I am used to wake up early.

I am used to waking up early.

The 'to' is a preposition, so it needs -ing.

I've used to the noise.

I've gotten used to the noise.

In the present perfect, you usually need 'gotten' to show the process.

I am used to be told what to do.

I am used to being told what to do.

Even in the passive, you must use the -ing form ('being').

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

I am used to ___.

She isn't used to ___ing ___.

It took me a long time to get used to ___.

Are you used to ___ yet?

Real World Usage

Job Interview very common

I am used to working under tight deadlines.

Social Media common

Still not used to the new update! #tech

Travel constant

Are you used to the local currency yet?

Texting very common

Ugh, not used to this heat wave.

Doctor's Visit occasional

Are you used to the side effects of the medication?

Moving House common

I'm getting used to the new neighborhood.

💡

فعل 'be' رو پیدا کن

همیشه چک کن که قبل از «used to» یکی از حالت‌های فعل «be» (am, is, are, was, were, will be) باشه. اگه نبود، احتمالاً داری درباره عادت گذشته (used to + infinitive) حرف می‌زنی. مثلاً:
I used to live there.
ولی
I am used to living here.
⚠️

فعل ing دار یادت نره!

بزرگترین تله! یادت باشه «to» توی «be used to» یک حرف اضافه هست، پس حتماً باید بعدش فعل ing دار (gerund) بیاد. از شکل ساده فعل استفاده نکن. مثلاً:
I am used to driving.
نه
I am used to drive.
🎯

فکر کن 'برام عادی شده'

وقتی میخوای تصمیم بگیری از «be used to + -ing» استفاده کنی، از خودت بپرس: 'آیا این فعالیت یا موقعیت الان برای من عادی و راحت شده؟' اگه جوابت بله بود، پس این همون ساختار درستشه! مثلاً: "It's normal for me to wake up early.« = »I am used to waking up early."
🌍

عادت کردن به فرهنگ‌های جدید

این ساختار وقتی در مورد عادت کردن به فرهنگ جدید حرف می‌زنی، خیلی به درد می‌خوره. مثلاً: "I'm used to eating dinner late here« یا »She's not used to the direct communication style yet."
💡

با اسم هم میشه!

یادت نره که میتونی «be used to» رو با اسم یا عبارت اسمی هم استفاده کنی، نه فقط با فعل ing دار. مثلاً: "I'm used to the traffic« به جای »I'm used to driving in traffic."

Smart Tips

Check if there is a 'be' verb before 'used'. If yes, add -ing!

I am used to drive. I am used to driving.

Use 'get used to' to describe your journey of adjustment.

I am used to the city. (But I just arrived!) I am getting used to the city.

Use 'accustomed to' instead of 'used to' for a more professional tone.

I'm used to the new rules. I have become accustomed to the new regulations.

Use the present perfect: 'I still haven't gotten used to...'

I am not used to it yet. I still haven't gotten used to it.

تلفظ

yoost-too

The 'd' in 'used'

In 'used to', the 'd' is often silent or blends into the 't' of 'to'. It sounds like /juːst tuː/.

yoost (rhymes with boost)

The 's' sound

The 's' in 'used to' is unvoiced /s/, unlike the verb 'to use' which has a voiced /z/.

Stress on 'used'

I am USED to it.

Emphasizing that you are indeed familiar, perhaps after someone doubted you.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Remember: 'BE used to -ING'. If you see the verb 'BE', you must use the '-ING'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person standing comfortably in a snowstorm. They are wearing a t-shirt and smiling. They are 'used to' the cold. The 'BE' verb is like the t-shirt—it's part of their current state.

Rhyme

With a 'be' and a 'to', the '-ing' is for you!

Story

When I first moved to the city, the sirens kept me awake. I was NOT used to the noise. After a month, I started GETTING used to it. Now, I AM used to the noise and I sleep like a baby.

شبکه واژگان

AccustomedFamiliarHabitNormalAdjustedRoutineComfortable

چالش

Look around your room. Find three things you are used to (e.g., 'I am used to the color of my walls') and one thing you are still getting used to.

نکات فرهنگی

British people often use 'be used to' when discussing the weather or queuing. It's a way of showing resilience.

In the US, this is frequently used when discussing long commutes or large food portions.

This is the primary grammar rule used in 'Culture Shock' workshops to describe the adjustment phase.

The word 'used' comes from the Old French 'user', meaning 'to practice or be accustomed to'.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

What is something about your city that visitors aren't used to?

Are you used to waking up early, or are you a night owl?

Tell me about a habit you're still getting used to.

If you moved to a different country, what would be the hardest thing to get used to?

موضوعات نگارش

Write about your first week at a new job or school. What were you not used to?
Describe a major life change (moving, a new relationship, a health change). How did you get used to it?
Compare your life now to five years ago. What are you used to now that you weren't then?
Discuss the concept of 'The New Normal' in the context of global changes.

اشتباهات رایج

Incorrect

صحیح


Incorrect

صحیح


Incorrect

صحیح


Incorrect

صحیح

Test Yourself

فرم صحیح رو برای کامل کردن جمله انتخاب کن.

He ___ used to working in a team.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
'He' برای زمان حال از فعل مفرد 'is' استفاده می‌کنه.
اشتباه جمله رو پیدا و درست کن. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

I am used to drive my kids to school every day.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am used to driving my kids to school every day.
بعد از «be used to»، فعل باید به شکل ing دار (gerund) باشه. 'Drive' باید 'driving' بشه.
جمله انگلیسی صحیح رو بنویس. ترجمه

Translate into English: 'Ella está acostumbrada a levantarse temprano.'

Answer starts with: ["S...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["She is used to getting up early.","She's used to getting up early."]
ساختار «be used to + -ing» برای بیان عادت داشتن به چیزی استفاده میشه. 'Getting up early' شکل ing دار فعله.
کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله صحیح بسازی. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She is used to the noise
ترتیب صحیح: فاعل + 'be' + 'used to' + اسم. 'Noise' اینجا اسم هست.

Score: /4

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

I am not used to ___ (eat) such a large breakfast.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: eating
'Be used to' must be followed by a gerund (-ing).
Choose the correct sentence. چند گزینه‌ای

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am used to living in London.
The structure is 'be' + 'used to' + '-ing'.
Find the error in the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

She is used to wake up at 5 AM every morning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: wake
It should be 'waking' because 'be used to' requires a gerund.
Rewrite the sentence using 'be used to'. Sentence Transformation

Driving on the left is now normal for me.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am used to driving on the left.
'Be used to' describes something that is normal.
Match the sentence to its meaning. جفت کردن

1. I used to run. 2. I am used to running.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1=Past habit, 2=Current familiarity
'Used to' (no 'be') is for the past.
Fill in the blank. Dialogue Completion

A: How is the new job? B: It's hard, I'm not ___ the long hours yet.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: used to
The 'am' is already there, so we just need 'used to'.
Is this rule true or false? True False Rule

You can use 'be used to' with a noun.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Yes, e.g., 'I am used to the noise.'
Put the words in the correct order. Sentence Building

not / I / used / am / to / weather / this

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am not used to this weather.
Subject + be + not + used to + noun.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

12 exercises
فرم صحیح رو انتخاب کن. پر کردن جای خالی

They were used to ___ all night for exams.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: studying
فرم صحیح رو انتخاب کن. پر کردن جای خالی

My cat ___ used to sleeping on my bed.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
اشتباه رو پیدا و درست کن. Error Correction

We are used to live in a small apartment.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: We are used to living in a small apartment.
اشتباه رو پیدا و درست کن. Error Correction

He isn't used to the long hours, he needs to getting used to them.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He isn't used to the long hours, he needs to get used to them.
کدوم جمله صحیحه؟ چند گزینه‌ای

جمله صحیح رو انتخاب کن:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am used to eating spicy food.
کدوم جمله صحیحه؟ چند گزینه‌ای

جمله صحیح رو انتخاب کن:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: They weren't used to traveling so much.
جمله انگلیسی صحیح رو بنویس. ترجمه

Translate into English: 'Nosotros no estamos acostumbrados al silencio de aquí.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["We are not used to the quiet here.","We aren't used to the quiet here."]
جمله انگلیسی صحیح رو بنویس. ترجمه

Translate into English: '¿Estás acostumbrado a vivir solo?'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["Are you used to living alone?","Are you used to living by yourself?"]
کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله صحیح بسازی. Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He is already used to the new software
کلمات رو مرتب کن تا یه جمله صحیح بسازی. Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She is always used to staying up late
هر موقعیت رو با عبارت 'used to' صحیح مطابقت بده. جفت کردن

موضوعات رو با فرم صحیح مطابقت بده:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched
ابتدای جمله رو با انتهای صحیحش مطابقت بده. جفت کردن

ابتدای جملات رو با انتهای صحیح مطابقت بده:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched

Score: /12

سوالات متداول (8)

`Used to` describes a past habit (e.g., 'I used to smoke'). `Be used to` describes current familiarity (e.g., 'I am used to the noise').

No. You must say `I am used to swimming`. The 'to' is a preposition, so it needs a gerund.

Not exactly. `Get used to` is the process of becoming familiar. `Be used to` is the final state of being familiar.

Yes! 'You will soon be used to the new system.'

Because 'used' is acting as an adjective (like 'tired' or 'bored').

Yes, absolutely. 'I am used to the city.'

It is neutral and used in all contexts, from casual chat to business meetings.

Use the negative: 'I am not used to...' or 'I haven't gotten used to...'

Scaffolded Practice

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3

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4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Estar acostumbrado a + infinitivo

Spanish uses infinitive; English uses gerund.

French moderate

Être habitué à + infinitif

English uses 'be' + 'used to' + '-ing'.

German partial

An etwas gewöhnt sein

German uses 'zu' + infinitive; English uses 'to' + '-ing'.

Japanese high

〜に慣れている (ni narete iru)

Japanese doesn't have a gerund/infinitive distinction in the same way.

Arabic moderate

معتاد على (mu'tad 'ala)

Preposition choice and verb form.

Chinese low

习惯 (xíguàn)

English requires the 'be' verb and specific verb endings.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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