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A1 noun #2,860 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

保険

hoken
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 保険 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 保険 in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, the word 保険 (hoken) is introduced primarily as a survival vocabulary word. Learners at this stage are focusing on basic daily interactions, and in Japan, presenting your health insurance card is one of the most common interactions you will have. You will learn to recognize the word in the context of hospitals and clinics. The most important phrase to master at this level is 'Hokenshou o misete kudasai' (Please show your insurance card), which receptionists will say to you. You should also be able to say 'Hoken ni haitte imasu' (I am enrolled in insurance) or ask a simple question like 'Kore wa hoken desu ka?' (Is this insurance?). At this stage, the focus is purely on the literal meaning of the word as a financial safety net for health and travel. You do not need to worry about complex verbs or metaphorical meanings yet. Just knowing that 保険 means insurance and being able to spot the kanji on official documents or hospital signs is sufficient. It is a noun that you will use to navigate the basic administrative requirements of living or traveling in a Japanese-speaking environment.
As learners progress to the A2 level, their ability to use 保険 expands into forming complete, practical sentences regarding their personal life and travel plans. At this stage, you will learn the crucial verbs that pair with insurance, specifically 入る (hairu - to join). You will be able to express actions such as 'I bought travel insurance before my trip' (Ryokou hoken ni hairimashita). You will also start distinguishing between different types of basic insurance, such as 健康保険 (kenkou hoken - health insurance) and 自動車保険 (jidousha hoken - car insurance). Furthermore, A2 learners will begin to ask practical questions at clinics, such as 'Hoken ga kikimasu ka?' (Does insurance cover this?). This is a vital skill for managing personal finances and healthcare while in Japan. You will also be able to understand simple instructions or questions from staff at rental car agencies regarding optional insurance coverage. The focus remains on the literal, practical application of the word in daily life, but with a greater command of the surrounding grammar and specific collocations needed to communicate effectively.
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At the B1 intermediate level, the usage of 保険 becomes more nuanced and conversational. Learners are now expected to discuss the details of insurance policies, not just their existence. You will learn vocabulary related to the mechanics of insurance, such as 保険料 (hokenryou - premium) and 保険金 (hokenkin - payout). You can express opinions or concerns, such as 'The car insurance premium is too expensive' (Jidousha hoken no hokenryou ga takasugiru). Crucially, B1 is the level where the metaphorical use of 保険 is introduced. You will learn the phrase 保険をかける (hoken o kakeru) to mean 'making a backup plan' or 'hedging your bets'. This allows you to understand and participate in more natural, colloquial conversations with native speakers. For example, you can say 'Just in case it rains, let's have an indoor plan as insurance' (Ame ga futta toki no tame ni, hoken o kakete okunai keikaku o tateyou). This metaphorical usage demonstrates a deeper cultural and linguistic understanding of how the word functions beyond its literal dictionary definition.
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By the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners can handle complex discussions about insurance in professional, legal, and administrative contexts. You will be able to navigate the Japanese social insurance system (社会保険 - shakai hoken) and understand the differences between various employment benefits like unemployment insurance (雇用保険) and worker's compensation (労災保険). You can read and comprehend the basic terms of an insurance contract, understanding words like 解約 (kaiyaku - cancellation) and 請求 (seikyuu - claim). At this level, you can also engage in debates or discussions about the necessity of certain types of insurance, such as life insurance (生命保険), and articulate the pros and cons of different policies. Your use of the metaphorical 'hoken o kakeru' will become highly natural, allowing you to express complex social strategies or precautions in the workplace or in relationships. You will also be able to easily distinguish 保険 from its tricky homophones like 保証 (warranty) and 補償 (compensation) in both spoken and written contexts, ensuring precise communication.
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At the C1 advanced level, your command of the word 保険 and its related terminology is near-native. You can read complex financial articles, news reports, and government documents regarding the insurance industry and national healthcare policies. You understand the macroeconomic implications of the insurance system, such as the strain on the National Health Insurance (国民健康保険) due to Japan's aging population (少子高齢化). You can discuss abstract concepts like risk management and actuarial science using appropriate Japanese terminology. In professional settings, you can negotiate insurance contracts, explain policy details to clients, or handle complex claims processes. You are comfortable with highly formal vocabulary and keigo (honorifics) used by insurance companies in their official correspondence. Furthermore, you can use idioms and advanced collocations effortlessly, and your understanding of the cultural psychology behind the Japanese reliance on insurance is deep and nuanced, allowing you to read between the lines in social commentary and literature.
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At the C2 mastery level, you possess an academic and highly specialized understanding of 保険. You can comprehend and produce legal texts, academic papers, and detailed financial analyses concerning insurance law (保険法) and regulatory frameworks. You are capable of debating the philosophical and ethical dimensions of social security and private insurance systems on a global scale, comparing Japan's system with those of other nations using sophisticated rhetoric. You understand archaic or highly technical usages of the kanji involved and can trace the historical development of the insurance concept in Japan from the Meiji era to the present. You can effortlessly navigate the most obscure jargon used by actuaries and underwriters. At this level, the word 保険 is not just a vocabulary item, but a gateway to discussing complex societal structures, economic theories, and legal precedents with absolute fluency, precision, and cultural authority, indistinguishable from a highly educated native professional.
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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

保険 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 保険 (hoken) means insurance, a financial safety net protecting against unexpected costs like illness or accidents.
  • It consists of two kanji: 保 (protect) and 険 (danger), literally meaning protection from danger.
  • Commonly used with verbs like 入る (to join) or かける (to apply), rather than 'buy'.
  • Metaphorically, it means taking precautions or having a backup plan 'just in case'.

The Japanese word 保険 (hoken) is a fundamental noun that translates directly to 'insurance' in English. It refers to the system where individuals or entities pay a premium to a company or government agency in exchange for financial protection or reimbursement against potential future losses, damages, illness, or death. Understanding this word is absolutely essential for anyone planning to live, work, or even travel extensively in Japan, as the country operates on a universal healthcare system heavily reliant on various forms of insurance. The word itself is composed of two kanji characters that perfectly encapsulate its meaning. The first kanji, 保 (ho), means to protect, guarantee, or maintain. You will see this kanji in other related words such as 保護 (hogo - protection) and 保証 (hoshou - guarantee). The second kanji, 険 (ken), means steep, precipitous, or dangerous. It is the same kanji used in the word 危険 (kiken - danger). Therefore, when you combine these two characters, the literal translation becomes 'protecting against danger' or 'safeguarding from risk'. This etymological breakdown makes it incredibly easy for learners to remember the core concept of the word. In practical terms, 保険 covers a wide array of categories. There is 健康保険 (kenkou hoken - health insurance), which is mandatory for residents in Japan and covers 70% of medical costs. There is 生命保険 (seimei hoken - life insurance), 自動車保険 (jidousha hoken - car insurance), and 旅行保険 (ryokou hoken - travel insurance). Beyond the literal financial and legal definitions, the word 保険 has also evolved to take on a very common metaphorical meaning in everyday conversational Japanese. When someone says they are 'putting insurance' on something (保険をかける - hoken o kakeru), they mean they are taking precautions, making a backup plan, or hedging their bets just in case their primary plan fails. For example, applying to a backup university is considered 'hoken'. This dual usage—both literal and metaphorical—makes it a highly versatile vocabulary word.

Literal Meaning
Financial protection against risk, illness, or damage.
Metaphorical Meaning
A backup plan, precaution, or safety net in daily life.
Kanji Breakdown
保 (protect) + 険 (danger) = protection from danger.

日本に住むなら、健康保険に加入する必要があります。

If you live in Japan, you need to join health insurance.

万が一のために、保険をかけておいたほうがいいよ。

You should have a backup plan (insurance) just in case.

この病院では保険がききません。

Insurance does not cover this hospital.

海外旅行に行く前に、旅行保険に入りました。

Before going on a trip abroad, I got travel insurance.

車の保険料が毎年高くなっています。

Car insurance premiums are getting higher every year.

Using the word 保険 correctly in Japanese requires an understanding of the specific verbs that collocate with it. Unlike English, where you might 'buy' a policy or 'get' insurance, Japanese uses entirely different verbs depending on the action you are taking. The most common verb is 入る (hairu), which literally means 'to enter'. When you sign up for an insurance policy, you are 'entering' the insurance system. Therefore, 'I bought travel insurance' translates to 旅行保険に入った (ryokou hoken ni haitta). Another highly common verb is かける (kakeru), which means to hang, apply, or spend. 保険をかける (hoken o kakeru) is used when you are actively applying an insurance policy to something, like a car or a person. Interestingly, this exact phrase (保険をかける) is also the one used for the metaphorical meaning of 'hedging your bets' or 'making a backup plan'. For example, if you are asking someone out on a date but you also make plans with a friend just in case the date falls through, you are 'hoken o kakeru'. When you want to know if a medical treatment or a clinic accepts the national health insurance, you use the verb きく (kiku), which means 'to be effective' or 'to work'. The phrase 保険がきく (hoken ga kiku) means 'insurance covers it'. Conversely, 保険がきかない (hoken ga kikanai) means it is an out-of-pocket expense. If you need to cancel your insurance, the formal term is 解約する (kaiyaku suru), meaning to cancel a contract. For claiming insurance money, you would use 保険金を請求する (hokenkin o seikyuu suru). It is also crucial to understand the compound words formed with 保険. The premium you pay is 保険料 (hokenryou). The payout you receive is 保険金 (hokenkin). The insurance company is 保険会社 (hoken gaisha). The insurance card you carry in your wallet is a 保険証 (hokenshou). By mastering these specific verb pairings and compound nouns, you will be able to navigate both administrative tasks in Japan and casual conversations with native speakers flawlessly.

保険に入る (hoken ni hairu)
To enroll in or buy insurance.
保険をかける (hoken o kakeru)
To insure something; to make a backup plan.
保険がきく (hoken ga kiku)
To be covered by insurance.

歯の矯正は保険がききません。

Orthodontics are not covered by insurance.

念のため、別のホテルにも保険をかけて予約しておいた。

Just in case, I booked another hotel as a backup (insurance).

新しい車を買ったので、自動車保険に入りました。

I bought a new car, so I got car insurance.

保険証を忘れたので、全額自己負担になった。

I forgot my insurance card, so I had to pay the full amount out of pocket.

保険会社に連絡して、事故の報告をしました。

I contacted the insurance company and reported the accident.

The word 保険 is ubiquitous in Japanese society, and you will encounter it in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from official administrative situations to casual daily conversations. The most common place you will hear and use this word is at medical facilities. Whenever you visit a hospital (病院 - byouin), clinic (クリニック - kurinikku), or dentist (歯医者 - haisha) in Japan, the very first thing the receptionist will ask you is 'Hokenshou o misete kudasai' (Please show me your insurance card). The Japanese healthcare system is built around the National Health Insurance (国民健康保険 - kokumin kenkou hoken) and Employees' Health Insurance (社会保険 - shakai hoken), so carrying your 保険証 is a daily necessity. Another major context is the workplace. When you are hired for a full-time job in Japan, the human resources department will discuss your enrollment in Shakai Hoken, which includes health insurance, pension, and employment insurance. You will hear terms like 雇用保険 (koyou hoken - unemployment insurance) and 労災保険 (rousai hoken - worker's compensation). Travel is another area where the word is frequently used. If you are renting a car, the staff will ask if you want to add optional insurance (任意の保険 - nin'i no hoken) to cover potential accidents. Travel agencies and airlines will constantly prompt you to purchase 海外旅行保険 (kaigai ryokou hoken - overseas travel insurance) before your departure. You will also see advertisements for 生命保険 (seimei hoken - life insurance) constantly on Japanese television, trains, and in newspapers, often featuring reassuring actors promising peace of mind for your family. Finally, as mentioned earlier, you will hear the metaphorical use of 保険 in casual conversations among friends, students, and coworkers. A student might say they are applying to a lower-tier university as 'hoken' in case they fail the entrance exam for their top choice. A businessperson might prepare a secondary proposal as 'hoken' in case the client rejects the first one. Because it bridges the gap between essential life administration and casual slang, 保険 is a word that permeates almost every layer of Japanese life.

Hospitals & Clinics
Presenting your health insurance card (保険証) at reception.
Workplace & HR
Discussing social insurance (社会保険) and employment benefits.
Travel & Rentals
Purchasing travel or rental car insurance.

受付で保険証を提示してください。

Please present your insurance card at the reception.

正社員になると、社会保険に加入できます。

When you become a full-time employee, you can join social insurance.

レンタカーを借りる時、フルカバーの保険をつけました。

When I rented the car, I added full coverage insurance.

テレビで新しいガン保険のCMを見た。

I saw a commercial for a new cancer insurance on TV.

第一志望に落ちた時のために、滑り止めの大学に保険で出願した。

I applied to a safety school as insurance in case I fail my top choice.

When learning and using the word 保険, non-native speakers often make a few predictable mistakes, primarily stemming from direct translations from English or confusion with similar-sounding Japanese words. The most frequent error is using the wrong verb. In English, it is perfectly natural to say 'I bought health insurance'. If a learner translates this directly into Japanese, they might say 健康保険を買いました (kenkou hoken o kaimashita). To a native Japanese speaker, this sounds very unnatural, as if you went to a store and purchased a physical object called 'insurance'. The correct verb is always 入る (hairu - to enter/join) or かける (kakeru - to apply). You must say 健康保険に入りました (kenkou hoken ni hairimashita). Another common mistake is confusing 保険 (hoken - insurance) with 保証 (hoshou - guarantee/warranty). While both involve the kanji 保 (protect) and deal with financial security, they are used in different contexts. If you buy a new television and it breaks, you use the manufacturer's 保証 (warranty) to get it fixed. If your house burns down, you use your 火災保険 (kasai hoken - fire insurance) to rebuild it. Using 'hoken' for a broken TV or 'hoshou' for a hospital visit will cause confusion. Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse the pronunciation of 保険 (hoken) with 保健 (hoken - health preservation/hygiene). While they are pronounced exactly the same, the kanji and meanings are different. 保健 is used in words like 保健室 (hokenshitsu - school nurse's office) or 保健所 (hokenjo - public health center). While related to health, it does not mean financial insurance. Lastly, a subtle mistake occurs when discussing insurance coverage. English speakers might say 'My insurance covers this'. Translating this as 私の保険はこれをカバーします (watashi no hoken wa kore o kabaa shimasu) is understandable but sounds like translated Japanese. The natural, idiomatic way to express this is これには保険がききます (kore ni wa hoken ga kikimasu), utilizing the verb きく (to be effective). Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Japanese sound significantly more fluent and natural.

Wrong Verb (買う vs 入る)
Do not use 買う (buy) for insurance. Use 入る (join).
Confusing 保険 and 保証
保険 is insurance (risk protection). 保証 is a warranty/guarantee (product quality).
Coverage Phrasing
Use 保険がきく (insurance is effective) rather than 'insurance covers'.

❌ 保険を買いました。
⭕️ 保険に入りました。

Use 'hairu' instead of 'kau'.

❌ パソコンの保険期間は1年です。
⭕️ パソコンの保証期間は1年です。

Use 'hoshou' (warranty) for products, not 'hoken'.

❌ 私の保険は歯医者をカバーします。
⭕️ 歯医者は保険がききます。

Use 'hoken ga kiku' for coverage.

❌ 学校の保険室に行きます。
⭕️ 学校の保健室に行きます。

Use 保健 (health) for the nurse's office, not 保険 (insurance).

❌ 保険料をもらいました。
⭕️ 保険金をもらいました。

You receive 'hokenkin' (payout), you pay 'hokenryou' (premium).

To truly master the vocabulary surrounding risk, protection, and financial security in Japanese, it is important to distinguish 保険 (hoken) from several similar words. The most closely related word is 補償 (hoshou), which means compensation or reparation. While insurance (保険) is the system you pay into beforehand, compensation (補償) is the actual act of making up for a loss, often paid out by the insurance company. For example, 損害補償 (songai hoshou) means damage compensation. Another extremely similar word is 保障 (hoshou), which means security or guarantee of status/rights. You will see this in terms like 社会保障 (shakai hoshou - social security) or 安全保障 (anzen hoshou - national security). Notice that 保証, 補償, and 保障 are all pronounced 'hoshou', making them a notorious trio of homophones that even native Japanese speakers sometimes confuse in writing. However, they all differ from 保険, which specifically refers to the contract and system of insurance premiums and payouts. Another related concept is 担保 (tanpo), which means collateral or security for a loan. If you take out a mortgage, your house is the 担保. While it involves financial security, it is entirely different from insurance. You might also encounter the katakana word インシュアランス (inshuaransu), though this is rarely used in daily life and is mostly found in the names of foreign insurance companies or highly technical financial documents. Finally, the word 共済 (kyousai) is very similar to insurance. It translates to mutual aid or cooperative insurance. In Japan, many unions, agricultural cooperatives (JA), and consumer co-ops offer 共済 as a cheaper alternative to traditional corporate 保険. The mechanism is almost identical—you pay a premium and get a payout if something happens—but legally and structurally, it is a mutual aid fund rather than a commercial insurance product. Understanding these nuances will greatly enhance your reading comprehension, especially when dealing with contracts, news articles, or financial planning in Japan.

補償 (hoshou)
Compensation for loss or damage (often the result of having insurance).
保証 (hoshou)
A guarantee or warranty (like for a broken appliance).
共済 (kyousai)
Mutual aid; a cooperative alternative to commercial insurance.

事故の被害者に十分な補償が行われた。

Sufficient compensation was provided to the victims of the accident.

このテレビには3年間のメーカー保証がついています。

This TV comes with a 3-year manufacturer's warranty.

民間の保険ではなく、県民共済に加入している。

I am enrolled in the prefectural mutual aid rather than private insurance.

国は国民の最低限の生活を保障する義務がある。

The state has a duty to guarantee a minimum standard of living for its citizens.

土地を担保にして銀行からお金を借りた。

I borrowed money from the bank using my land as collateral.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Te-iru form (状態 - state of being enrolled: 入っている)

Te-oku form (準備 - preparation: 保険をかけておく)

Potential form (可能 - can be covered: 保険が適用できる)

Conditional 'to' (と - if you don't have insurance: 保険がないと...)

Passive voice (受身 - being covered: 保障される)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

これは保険ですか。

Is this insurance?

Simple A wa B desu ka structure.

2

保険証を見せてください。

Please show your insurance card.

Te-form + kudasai for requests.

3

保険に入っています。

I am enrolled in insurance.

Te-iru form for current state.

4

保険はどこですか。

Where is the insurance (counter)?

Basic location question.

5

私は保険がありません。

I don't have insurance.

Arimasen for non-living possession.

6

保険が必要です。

Insurance is necessary.

Na-adjective + desu.

7

日本の保険はいいです。

Japanese insurance is good.

Basic adjective description.

8

保険のカードを忘れました。

I forgot my insurance card.

Past tense verb (wasuremashita).

1

旅行保険に入りましたか。

Did you get travel insurance?

Past tense question with 'hairu'.

2

この病院は保険がききます。

This hospital accepts insurance.

Use of 'kiku' for effectiveness/coverage.

3

車の保険は高いです。

Car insurance is expensive.

Adjective modifying a specific type of insurance.

4

保険証をなくしてしまいました。

I accidentally lost my insurance card.

Te-shimau for accidental/regrettable action.

5

明日、保険会社に行きます。

I will go to the insurance company tomorrow.

Future action with destination particle 'ni'.

6

保険のお金はいくらですか。

How much is the insurance money?

Asking for price/amount.

7

新しい保険に入りたいです。

I want to join a new insurance.

Tai-form for desire.

8

保険について教えてください。

Please tell me about insurance.

Nite tsuite (about something).

1

万が一のために、保険をかけておきます。

I'll set up a backup plan (insurance) just in case.

Te-oku for preparation; metaphorical use.

2

毎月、高い保険料を払っています。

I pay a high insurance premium every month.

Distinction of 'hokenryou' (premium).

3

事故の時、保険金が下りました。

When the accident happened, the insurance money was paid out.

Use of 'oriru' for money being issued.

4

社会保険に加入する手続きをしました。

I did the procedures to join social insurance.

Formal vocabulary: kanyuu (join), tetsuzuki (procedure).

5

この治療は保険適用外です。

This treatment is not covered by insurance.

Compound noun: tekiyougai (outside coverage).

6

生命保険を見直す時期かもしれません。

It might be time to review our life insurance.

Kamoshirenai (might be) and minaosu (review).

7

滑り止めとして、別の会社にも保険をかけている。

As a safety net, I'm keeping another company as a backup.

Metaphorical use in job hunting context.

8

保険の契約を解約したいんですが。

I would like to cancel my insurance contract.

Formal vocabulary: keiyaku (contract), kaiyaku (cancel).

1

国民健康保険の制度は、日本の医療を支えている。

The National Health Insurance system supports Japanese medical care.

Complex sentence structure with abstract concepts.

2

保険会社の約款は複雑すぎて素人には理解しにくい。

Insurance company clauses are too complex and hard for amateurs to understand.

Yakkan (clauses), nikui (hard to do).

3

損害保険と生命保険の違いを明確に説明できますか。

Can you clearly explain the difference between non-life insurance and life insurance?

Specific industry terms: songai hoken (non-life/casualty).

4

彼は常に最悪の事態を想定して、何重にも保険をかけるタイプだ。

He is the type to always assume the worst and make multiple backup plans.

Advanced metaphorical use: nanjuu ni mo (multiple layers).

5

保険金詐欺は重大な犯罪として処罰されます。

Insurance fraud is punished as a serious crime.

Passive voice and legal terminology (sagi - fraud).

6

任意保険に加入していないと、事故を起こした際に破産する恐れがある。

If you don't join voluntary insurance, you risk bankruptcy if you cause an accident.

Conditional 'to' and 'osore ga aru' (risk of).

7

雇用保険の受給資格を満たしているか確認してください。

Please check if you meet the eligibility requirements to receive unemployment insurance.

Formal administrative terms: jukyuu shikaku (eligibility).

8

高齢化社会において、介護保険の重要性は増すばかりだ。

In an aging society, the importance of nursing care insurance only continues to grow.

V-ru bakari da (continues to do nothing but).

1

少子高齢化に伴い、社会保険料の負担増は避けられない課題となっている。

With the declining birthrate and aging population, the increased burden of social insurance premiums has become an unavoidable issue.

Academic/news phrasing: ni tomonai (along with), sakerarenai (unavoidable).

2

当該保険契約は、告知義務違反を理由に解除された。

The insurance contract in question was terminated due to a breach of the duty of disclosure.

Legal terminology: kokuchi gimu ihan (breach of disclosure duty).

3

金融庁は、不適切な保険販売を行った企業に対し業務改善命令を出した。

The Financial Services Agency issued a business improvement order to the company that conducted inappropriate insurance sales.

Government and corporate news terminology.

4

アクチュアリーは、統計学を用いて保険のリスクと掛金を算出する専門職である。

An actuary is a professional who uses statistics to calculate insurance risks and premiums.

Highly specific industry vocabulary (actuary, kakekin).

5

彼は投資のリスクヘッジとして、デリバティブ取引に保険的な意味合いを持たせている。

As a risk hedge for his investments, he gives derivative trading an insurance-like implication.

Financial jargon and abstract application of the concept.

6

相互扶助の精神に基づく共済は、営利を目的とする民間保険とは一線を画す。

Mutual aid, based on the spirit of mutual assistance, draws a line between itself and profit-driven private insurance.

Philosophical/structural comparison: issen o kakusu (draw a line).

7

免責事由に該当するため、保険金の支払い対象外となります。

Because it falls under the exemption clauses, it is excluded from insurance payouts.

Contractual jargon: menseki jiyuu (exemption clauses).

8

医療技術の進歩により、先進医療特約付きの保険へのニーズが急増している。

Due to advances in medical technology, the need for insurance with advanced medical care riders is rapidly increasing.

Specific policy types: senshin iryou tokuyaku (advanced medical rider).

1

保険法の改正案は、消費者保護の観点から約款の透明性確保を厳格に義務付けている。

The proposed amendment to the Insurance Act strictly mandates ensuring the transparency of clauses from the perspective of consumer protection.

Legislative and legal analysis phrasing.

2

モラルハザードの観点から、完全な情報非対称性が存在する保険市場は市場の失敗を引き起こす蓋然性が高い。

From the perspective of moral hazard, an insurance market where perfect information asymmetry exists has a high probability of causing market failure.

Economic theory and academic vocabulary (gaizensei - probability).

3

再保険市場の動向は、巨大災害リスクに対するグローバルな資本のバッファーとして機能している。

The trends in the reinsurance market function as a global capital buffer against mega-disaster risks.

Macroeconomic and global finance concepts (reinsurance).

4

生命保険信託の活用は、財産管理と遺産承継の機能を融合させた高度なウェルスマネジメント手法である。

The utilization of life insurance trusts is an advanced wealth management method that fuses the functions of property management and estate succession.

Advanced financial planning terminology.

5

逆選択を排除するためのアンダーライティングの精緻化は、保険数理における永遠の命題と言えよう。

The refinement of underwriting to eliminate adverse selection can be said to be an eternal proposition in actuarial science.

Deep industry theory: gyakusentaku (adverse selection), meidai (proposition).

6

公的医療保険の財政基盤の脆弱性は、賦課方式という制度設計そのものに内在する構造的欠陥に起因する。

The fragility of the financial foundation of public medical insurance stems from a structural defect inherent in the system design itself, known as the pay-as-you-go system.

Societal and structural critique vocabulary.

7

企業内におけるキャプティブ保険会社の設立は、自家保険の究極の形態としてリスクファイナンスの最適化に資する。

The establishment of a captive insurance company within a corporation contributes to the optimization of risk finance as the ultimate form of self-insurance.

Corporate finance and risk management jargon.

8

約款の解釈を巡る訴訟において、裁判所は作成者不利の原則を適用し、保険者に厳格な責任を問うた。

In the lawsuit over the interpretation of the clauses, the court applied the doctrine of contra proferentem and held the insurer strictly liable.

Advanced legal doctrines: sakuseisha furi no gensoku (contra proferentem).

مترادف‌ها

保障 共済 担保 安全網

متضادها

無保険 自己責任

ترکیب‌های رایج

保険に入る
保険をかける
保険がきく
保険を解約する
保険を適用する
生命保険
健康保険
旅行保険
自動車保険
保険金

عبارات رایج

保険証を見せてください
保険がきかない
万が一のために保険をかける
社会保険に加入する
保険料を支払う
保険金が下りる
保険の見直し
任意保険
強制保険
保険適用外

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

保険 vs 保健 (health/hygiene - same pronunciation)

保険 vs 保証 (warranty - similar concept)

保険 vs 補償 (compensation - similar concept)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"保険をかける (to hedge one's bets/make a backup plan)"
"保険がきく (to be covered/effective)"
"保険を解約する (to cancel a policy)"
"保険金目当て (for the purpose of insurance money)"
"保険に入る (to enroll in insurance)"
"保険を適用する (to apply insurance)"
"保険を請求する (to claim insurance)"
"保険に加入する (to join insurance)"
"保険を見直す (to review insurance)"
"保険が切れる (insurance expires)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

保険 vs

保険 vs

保険 vs

保険 vs

保険 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

nuance

While literal, the metaphorical use is very common among younger generations.

formality

Can be used in all levels of formality. The verbs change (入る -> 加入する) to increase formality.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Saying 保険を買う (hoken o kau) instead of 保険に入る (hoken ni hairu).
  • Confusing 保険 (hoken - insurance) with 保証 (hoshou - warranty).
  • Using the English translation 'カバーする' (kabaa suru) for insurance coverage.
  • Writing 保健 (health/hygiene) instead of 保険 (insurance).
  • Mixing up 保険料 (premium) and 保険金 (payout).

نکات

Use 入る (hairu)

Always pair 保険 with the verb 入る (to enter) when talking about getting a policy. Never use 買う (to buy). Example: 保険に入る (to get insurance).

Hokenshou is ID

Your 保険証 (insurance card) is often used as a primary form of identification in Japan. Keep it safe in your wallet. You will need it at every clinic visit.

Hoken ga kiku

Memorize the phrase '保険がきく' (hoken ga kiku). It is the most natural way to say 'insurance covers it'. Use it when asking doctors about treatment costs.

Universal Healthcare

Japan has universal healthcare. If you live there, you must join the National Health Insurance (国民健康保険). It covers 70% of most medical procedures.

Metaphorical Backup

Use '保険をかける' (hoken o kakeru) with friends to mean 'making a backup plan'. It shows a high level of cultural and linguistic fluency.

Watch the second Kanji

Be careful not to write 保健 (health) when you mean 保険 (insurance). The right side of 険 has a different shape than 健. Double-check your typing.

Ryou vs Kin

Remember: 保険料 (hokenryou) is the premium you pay. 保険金 (hokenkin) is the payout you receive. Getting these mixed up can cause serious financial misunderstandings.

Rental Cars

When renting a car, they will ask about 任意保険 (nin'i hoken - voluntary insurance). It is usually wise to add this full coverage for peace of mind.

Flat Pitch Accent

Pronounce 保険 with a flat (heiban) pitch accent. Start low on 'ho' and keep 'ke' and 'n' high. Ho-KE-N. Don't drop the pitch at the end.

Kanyuu suru

In formal or business settings, replace 入る (hairu) with 加入する (kanyuu suru). It means 'to enroll' and sounds much more professional.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

HO! KEN you PROTECT me from DANGER? (Ho = protect, Ken = danger). Insurance protects you from danger.

ریشه کلمه

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

بافت فرهنگی

The insurance card has no photo but is widely accepted as official ID.

Shakai Hoken (Social Insurance) is a major perk of full-time employment.

You pay 30% of medical bills; the government pays 70% via insurance.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"日本の健康保険についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about Japan's health insurance?)"

"旅行保険に入ったほうがいいですか？ (Should I get travel insurance?)"

"万が一のために、どんな保険をかけていますか？ (What kind of backup plans do you make just in case?)"

"保険証を忘れたことはありますか？ (Have you ever forgotten your insurance card?)"

"車の保険料は高いですか？ (Is car insurance expensive?)"

موضوعات نگارش

Describe a time you had to use your health insurance.

Do you think private life insurance is necessary? Why or why not?

Write about a situation where you 'put insurance' (made a backup plan) on something.

Compare the insurance system in your home country to Japan's.

Write a dialogue between a patient and a receptionist asking for an insurance card.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, it sounds very unnatural to native speakers. You do not 'buy' insurance in Japanese. Instead, you use the verb 入る (hairu - to enter/join) or 加入する (kanyuu suru - to enroll). For example, 'I bought car insurance' is 自動車保険に入った (jidousha hoken ni haitta).

This is a crucial distinction. 保険料 (hokenryou) is the premium—the money you pay to the insurance company every month or year. 保険金 (hokenkin) is the payout—the money the insurance company pays you when an accident or illness occurs. Do not mix them up!

In casual conversation, 保険をかける (hoken o kakeru) means to make a backup plan, hedge your bets, or take precautions. For example, applying to a safety school while aiming for a top university is considered 'putting insurance' on your future.

In Japan, the health insurance system requires clinics to verify your active enrollment every month. The 保険証 (hokenshou - insurance card) proves you are eligible to pay only 30% of the medical costs. Without it, you must pay 100% upfront.

Yes, they are exact homophones, both pronounced 'hoken' with a flat pitch accent. However, 保険 means insurance (financial protection), while 保健 means health preservation or hygiene (like a school nurse's office - 保健室). Pay attention to the kanji!

The most natural way to ask is 'Kore wa hoken ga kikimasu ka?' (これは保険がききますか). The verb きく (kiku) means 'to be effective' or 'to work'. Avoid using the English loanword 'kabaa' (cover) as it sounds less natural.

社会保険 (Shakai Hoken) translates to Social Insurance. It is a comprehensive benefits package provided by employers to full-time workers in Japan. It typically includes health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and worker's compensation. It is highly desirable because the employer pays half the premiums.

If you are a tourist, it is highly recommended. While medical care in Japan is excellent, it can be very expensive if you do not have Japanese National Health Insurance. Travel insurance will cover these out-of-pocket costs if you get sick or injured.

The word is made of two kanji: 保 (ho) meaning 'to protect' or 'guarantee', and 険 (ken) meaning 'steep', 'precipitous', or 'danger'. Together, they literally mean 'protection from danger', which perfectly describes the concept of insurance.

To cancel an insurance policy, you use the verb 解約する (kaiyaku suru), which means to cancel a contract. You would say 'Hoken o kaiyaku shitai desu' (保険を解約したいです). Do not use the word キャンセル (kyanseru) for official contracts.

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