این صفحه به زبان شما
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A2 verb رسمی 3 دقیقه مطالعه

おしえます

oshiemasu /oɕie̞mḁsu͍/
نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

Overview

The Japanese word '教えます' (oshiemasu) is a polite form of the verb '教える' (oshieru), which primarily means 'to teach,' 'to instruct,' or 'to inform.' This verb is highly versatile and is a fundamental component of Japanese communication, especially in educational, professional, and social contexts where knowledge or information is being imparted.

Grammatical Structure and Conjugation:

'教える' is a 'ichidan' (vowel-stem) verb, meaning its stem ends in a vowel. This makes its conjugation relatively straightforward compared to 'godan' (consonant-stem) verbs. Here's a breakdown of its key forms:

  • Dictionary Form (辞書形 - jishokei): 教える (oshieru) - This is the basic, plain, non-past form found in dictionaries. It can be used informally.
  • Masu Form (ます形 - masu-kei): 教えます (oshiemasu) - This is the polite non-past form, commonly used in polite conversations, formal settings, and when addressing someone respectfully. It indicates present or future actions.
  • Te Form (て形 - te-kei): 教えて (oshiete) - This form is used to connect verbs, request actions, or indicate a sequence of events. For example, '教えてください' (oshiete kudasai) means 'Please teach me' or 'Please tell me.'
  • Past Form (た形 - ta-kei): 教えた (oshieta) - This is the plain past form, indicating an action completed in the past.
  • Polite Past Form (ました形 - mashita-kei): 教えました (oshiemashita) - This is the polite past form.
  • Negative Form (ない形 - nai-kei): 教えな (oshienai) - This is the plain negative form.
  • Polite Negative Form (ません形 - masen-kei): 教えません (oshiemasen) - This is the polite negative form.

Usage and Nuances:

  1. 1To Teach/To Instruct: This is the most direct and common meaning. It implies the transfer of skills, knowledge, or information from one person to another.
  • Example: 先生が日本語を教えます。 (Sensei ga Nihongo o oshiemasu.) - The teacher teaches Japanese.
  • Example: 私はピアノを教えます。 (Watashi wa piano o oshiemasu.) - I teach piano.
  1. 1To Inform/To Tell: '教える' can also mean to inform someone about something, to give them information or news.
  • Example: 道を教えます。 (Michi o oshiemasu.) - I will tell you the way.
  • Example: 彼は私に真実を教えました。 (Kare wa watashi ni shinjitsu o oshimashita.) - He told me the truth.
  1. 1To Show/To Guide: In some contexts, especially when referring to directions or how to do something, it can carry the nuance of 'to show' or 'to guide.'
  • Example: 使い方を教えます。 (Tsukaikata o oshiemasu.) - I will show you how to use it.

Particle Usage:

  • を (o): This particle marks the direct object of the verb. It indicates what is being taught or informed.
  • Example: 私は学生に数学を教えます。 (Watashi wa gakusei ni sūgaku o oshiemasu.) - I teach mathematics to students. (Mathematics is the direct object).
  • に (ni): This particle often marks the indirect object, indicating to whom something is taught or informed.
  • Example: 私は学生に日本語を教えます。 (Watashi wa gakusei ni Nihongo o oshiemasu.) - I teach Japanese to students. (Students is the indirect object).

Common Phrases:

  • 教えてください (oshiete kudasai): Please teach/tell me. (A very common polite request.)
  • 教えてあげます (oshiete agemasu): I will teach/tell you (giving a favor).
  • 教えてもらいます (oshiete moraimasu): I will have you teach/tell me (receiving a favor).

In summary, '教えます' is a fundamental and polite verb in Japanese, signifying the act of imparting knowledge, skills, or information. Its versatile usage and clear conjugation make it essential for expressing teaching, informing, and guiding in various situations.

مثال‌ها

1

学生に日本語をおしえます。

Education/Instruction

I teach Japanese to students.

2

料理の作り方をおしえてください。

Request for instruction

Please teach me how to cook.

3

道を案内しましょうか。

Guiding/Showing the way (figurative teaching)

Shall I show you the way?

4

彼にその秘密をおしえてはいけない。

Revealing information/Telling a secret

You must not tell him that secret.

5

子供に読み書きをおしえる。

Parenting/Education

To teach children how to read and write.

ترکیب‌های رایج

知識を教える
方法を教える
道を教える
日本語を教える

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

おしえます vs おそわります

To be taught; to learn from someone

おしえます vs ならいます

To learn; to be taught

الگوهای دستوری

人に何かを教える (hito ni nanika o oshieru): To teach something to someone ～ように教える (gobi ni oshieru): To instruct someone to do something ～と教える (gobi ni oshieru): To tell someone that...

نحوه استفاده

'おしえます' (oshiemasu) is the polite, non-past form of the verb 'おしえる' (oshieru). When using this verb, it's important to consider the particles that accompany it. The person being taught is typically marked with the particle 'に' (ni), and the subject or content being taught is marked with the particle 'を' (o). For example, '私は学生に日本語を教えます' (Watashi wa gakusei ni Nihongo o oshiemasu) means 'I teach Japanese to students.' It can also be used in contexts where you are showing someone how to do something, or explaining information. For instance, '道を教えます' (Michi o oshiemasu) means 'I will show you the way/give you directions.' This verb is generally used when the speaker is in the position of imparting knowledge or skill to another. When asking someone to teach you, you might use '教えてください' (Oshiete kudasai), which is the request form, meaning 'Please teach me' or 'Please tell me.'

اشتباهات رایج

Forgetting the 'e' sound in the middle, pronouncing it as 'oshimasu' instead of 'oshiemasu'. This verb also means 'to teach' or 'to instruct,' but it's important to distinguish it from 'ならいます' (naraimasu), which means 'to learn.' Be careful not to confuse the giver of knowledge (oshiemasu) with the receiver of knowledge (naraimasu). Also, remember that while it can mean 'to tell' in some contexts, its primary meaning is related to instruction or teaching.

نکات

Word Type

Verb

Kanji

教えます

Hiragana

おしえます

Meaning

To teach; to instruct.

Pronunciation

Oh-shee-eh-mah-soo

ریشه کلمه

The verb '教える' (oshieru) in its polite, non-past form '教えます' (oshiemasu) has a rich history rooted in classical Japanese. It derives from the older verb '教う' (osu), which meant to inform or to show. Over time, '教う' evolved into '教える', and its meaning became more specifically focused on the act of imparting knowledge or skills. The kanji '教' itself is a phono-semantic compound, combining '孝' (kō), meaning filial piety or teaching, and '攵' (bokuzukuri), a radical often associated with actions involving striking or controlling, which can be interpreted in this context as guiding or disciplining in the process of instruction. Historically, the concept of 'teaching' in Japan was deeply intertwined with moral and ethical guidance, particularly within family structures and apprenticeships. Early forms of education were often oral traditions passed down from elders to younger generations, emphasizing practical skills, cultural values, and spiritual understanding. The word '教える' therefore carries an implicit weight of not just transferring information, but also fostering development and guiding behavior. During the Heian period (794-1185), with the increased influence of Buddhism and Chinese scholarship, the act of teaching became more formalized, and '教える' was used in the context of academic instruction and religious doctrine. The use of honorifics and polite forms, like the '-masu' ending, became standard as Japanese society developed more complex social hierarchies, reflecting respect towards both the listener and the subject being taught. In modern Japanese, '教える' remains a fundamental verb for any form of instruction, from formal schooling to casual explanations. It can be used for teaching academic subjects, sports, languages, or even simply showing someone how to do something. The polite form '教えます' is commonly used in everyday conversation to show politeness and respect when offering to teach or explaining something to others. In summary, the etymology of '教えます' reflects a journey from ancient concepts of informing and guiding to the nuanced modern understanding of imparting knowledge and skills with respect and politeness, deeply influenced by cultural, religious, and social developments in Japan.

بافت فرهنگی

The verb 'おしえます' (oshiemasu) means 'to teach' or 'to instruct' in Japanese. In Japanese culture, teaching is highly valued, and there is a strong emphasis on respect for teachers (先生 - sensei) and elders. This respect is often reflected in the language used, with polite forms of verbs like 'oshiemasu' being standard when speaking to or about teachers, or when teaching someone of higher status or someone you don't know well. The act of teaching is seen not just as imparting knowledge, but also as guiding someone's personal and intellectual development. Therefore, 'oshiemasu' carries a nuance of guidance and mentorship, beyond just simple instruction. It is also commonly used in situations where one is explaining something to someone, offering directions, or showing how to do something, highlighting its broad applicability in everyday communication where knowledge transfer occurs.

راهنمای حفظ

'おしえます' (oshiemasu) sounds a bit like 'oh, she has' - imagine a teacher saying, 'Oh, she has a good understanding of this now that I've taught her!'

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

'教えます' (oshiemasu) is a Japanese verb that means 'to teach' or 'to instruct.' It implies imparting knowledge or skills to someone.

The kanji for 'おしえます' is '教えます'. The kanji '教' (kyou) means 'teach' or 'doctrine'.

'教えます' is the polite present/future form of the verb. Some common conjugations include: * **Plain form:** 教える (oshieru) * **Past polite:** 教えました (oshiemashita) * **Negative polite:** 教えません (oshiemasen) * **Te-form:** 教えて (oshiete)

Certainly! Here's an example: 先生が学生に日本語を教えます。 Sensei ga gakusei ni nihongo o oshiemasu. (The teacher teaches Japanese to the students.)

محتوای مرتبط

این کلمه در زبان‌های دیگر

to teach انگلیسی
مفید بود؟

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