این صفحه به زبان شما
English العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 noun 9 دقیقه مطالعه

과세

gwase
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 과세 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 과세 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '과세' often, but it's good to know it relates to 'money for the government.' You might see it on a receipt or at an airport. Think of it as the formal way to say 'taxing.' In Korea, when you buy something, a 10% tax (VAT) is usually included. This is a form of '과세.' Just remember: 과세 = Government taking a small part of money for public things like roads and schools. You will mostly see this word in signs or official papers, not hear it in basic greetings. If you see '과세' on a price tag in a duty-free shop, it means you have to pay the tax. If you see '비과세,' it means it is free from that tax. It is a big, important word for a simple idea: the government's rule about taxes.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the A2 level, you should recognize '과세' as a noun used in official settings. You might encounter it when looking at your first paycheck in Korea or when opening a bank account. It means 'taxation.' For example, if you earn money, the government '과세' (taxes) that money. You might see the phrase '과세 대상,' which means 'something that must be taxed.' If you buy a very expensive bag from another country and bring it to Korea, the customs officer might say it is '과세 대상.' This means you must pay some extra money to the government. It is more formal than '세금' (tax). While '세금' is the money itself, '과세' is the rule or the act of applying that tax. You can use it with '하다' to say '과세하다' (to tax).
At the B1 level, you should be able to use '과세' in discussions about the economy or personal finances. You will understand that '과세' refers to the levying of taxes. In Korea, '연말정산' (year-end tax settlement) is a big event where '과세' becomes a hot topic. You should be familiar with '과세 표준' (tax base), which is the amount of your income that the government actually uses to calculate your tax. You might also hear about '비과세 혜택' (tax-exempt benefits) for certain savings accounts. At this level, you should distinguish between '과세' (the act of taxing) and '납세' (the act of paying tax). For example, '정부는 부자들에게 더 많이 과세해야 한다' (The government should tax the rich more). You are moving from just recognizing the word to understanding its role in sentences about policy and responsibility.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the B2 level, '과세' is a word you will encounter frequently in news articles and business documents. You should understand nuanced terms like '이중 과세' (double taxation) and '누진 과세' (progressive taxation). You should be able to discuss the fairness of the tax system using this word. For instance, you might debate whether '가상자산 과세' (taxation on virtual assets/crypto) is necessary for market stability. You will notice that '과세' is often used in the passive form '과세되다' in legal contexts, such as '이 수입은 과세되지 않습니다' (This income is not taxed). At this level, you should also be comfortable with related terms like '과세 당국' (tax authorities) and '과세 자료' (taxation data). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the administrative and legal weight the word carries.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the C1 level, your understanding of '과세' should be precise and academic. You should be able to analyze '과세 요건' (requirements for taxation) and discuss '과세권' (the power to tax) in a legal or political framework. You will use the word when discussing complex fiscal policies, such as '역외 과세' (offshore taxation) or '과세 형평성' (taxation equity). You should be able to read and interpret '과세 예고 통지서' (pre-taxation notice) and understand the legal procedures for '과세 불복' (tax appeal). Your vocabulary should include highly specific compounds like '과세 최저한' (tax threshold) and '부당 과세' (unjust taxation). At this level, '과세' is not just a word but a concept that links law, economics, and social justice in your discourse.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of '과세' and its implications in constitutional law and international treaties. You can discuss the '조세 법률주의' (the principle of no taxation without law) and how it limits the state's '과세권.' You are familiar with the intricacies of '과세 표준의 양성화' (bringing the tax base into the light/legal economy) and the socio-economic impacts of '징벌적 과세' (punitive taxation) on specific sectors like real estate. You can navigate through the '국세기본법' (Framework Act on National Taxes) and understand how '과세' interacts with international agreements to prevent '조세 회피' (tax avoidance). Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a Korean professional in law or finance, capable of arguing the merits of '소득 파악' (income identification) for '정밀 과세' (precise taxation).
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

과세 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 과세 (Gwase) means taxation or the act of levying a tax by a government or tax authority.
  • It is a formal noun, often used with 'hada' (to tax) or 'doeda' (to be taxed).
  • It differs from 'segeum' (tax money) by focusing on the legal process and administrative action.
  • Commonly found in news, law, and business contexts regarding income, imports, and real estate.

The Korean word 과세 (Gwase) is a formal, Sino-Korean noun that translates to 'taxation' or the 'levying of taxes.' While the general word for tax is 세금 (segeum), 과세 specifically refers to the administrative and legal act of the government or a taxing authority determining and imposing a tax burden on an individual, a corporation, or a specific transaction. It is a term rooted in the mechanics of fiscal policy and law, rather than just the money itself. When you hear this word, you should think of the 'process' or the 'status' of being subject to tax.

Legal Context
In legal terms, 과세 represents the sovereign power of the state to demand financial contributions from its citizens to fund public expenditures. It involves identifying the 'taxable object' (과세 대상) and applying the 'tax base' (과세 표준).

이 물품은 수입 시 과세 대상이 됩니다. (This item becomes a subject of taxation upon import.)

Understanding 과세 is essential for anyone living in Korea, operating a business, or dealing with international trade. It covers everything from income tax (소득세) to value-added tax (부가가치세). The term is frequently used in news reports regarding government budget changes, real estate regulations, and economic reforms. For instance, when the government decides to increase taxes on luxury goods, they will use the term '고가품 과세 강화' (strengthening taxation on high-priced goods).

Economic Scope
Economists use 과세 to discuss how different tax structures affect market behavior. For example, '누진 과세' (progressive taxation) is a common topic in debates about social equality and wealth redistribution.

정부는 새로운 환경세를 과세하기로 결정했습니다. (The government has decided to levy a new environmental tax.)

In everyday life, you might encounter this word at the customs office when traveling. If you bring items exceeding the duty-free limit, they are marked for '과세'. Similarly, when looking at your paycheck or bank interest, you might see terms like '과세표준' which indicates the portion of your income that is actually subject to tax after deductions. It is a heavy, serious word that carries the weight of law and civic duty.

Etymological Breakdown
The character '과' (課) means a task, lesson, or to levy, while '세' (稅) means tax or duty. Together, they literally mean 'to levy a tax task' or 'imposing a tax burden.'

부당한 과세에 대해 이의를 제기할 수 있습니다. (You can file an objection against unfair taxation.)

금융 소득에 대한 과세 기준이 변경되었습니다. (The taxation standards for financial income have changed.)

그는 과세 통지서를 받고 당황했습니다. (He was flustered after receiving the tax notice.)

Using 과세 correctly requires understanding its role as a formal noun. It usually functions as the subject or object of a sentence involving governmental actions. It is frequently paired with the verb 하다 (to do) to become 과세하다 (to tax/to levy tax), or 되다 (to become) to indicate that something is being taxed. Because it is a technical term, it is rarely used in casual conversations between friends unless discussing serious topics like buying a house or filing income tax returns.

Passive vs. Active
Use '과세하다' when the government is the actor. Use '과세되다' when focusing on the item or person receiving the tax burden. For example: '정부가 술에 과세했다' vs '술에 세금이 과세되었다'.

모든 소득에는 원칙적으로 과세가 이루어집니다. (In principle, taxation is carried out on all income.)

In business writing, you will often see 과세 combined with other nouns to create compound terms. '과세 대상' (taxable object) is perhaps the most common. If you are importing goods, the customs officer might ask if the items are '과세 대상인지' (whether they are subject to taxation). Another crucial term is '과세 표준' (tax base), which refers to the specific amount or value upon which the tax rate is applied. Understanding these combinations is key to navigating Korean bureaucracy.

Compound Nouns
Common pairings include 과세 당국 (tax authorities), 과세 기간 (tax period), and 과세 증명서 (tax certificate). These are standard in official documents.

정부는 다주택자에 대한 과세를 강화하고 있습니다. (The government is strengthening taxation on multi-home owners.)

When discussing fairness, the term '공평 과세' (fair taxation) is used. This is a major political talking point in Korea. You might hear people say, '공평 과세가 실현되어야 한다' (Fair taxation must be realized). This implies that everyone should pay their fair share according to their income level. In this context, 과세 is not just a financial term but a social and ethical one as well.

Usage in Finance
When investing in stocks or savings, check if the interest is '과세' (taxable) or '비과세' (tax-exempt). This significantly impacts your net profit.

이 예금 상품은 이자 소득에 대해 과세되지 않습니다. (This savings product is not taxed on interest income.)

해외 직구 물품의 과세 가격을 확인하세요. (Check the taxable price of items purchased directly from overseas.)

종합소득세 과세 표준 확정 신고를 해야 합니다. (You must file a final return for the global income tax base.)

The word 과세 is ubiquitous in professional and administrative environments in South Korea. If you are an expat or a student, you are most likely to encounter it at the 세무서 (Tax Office) or the 출입국관리사무소 (Immigration Office) when proving your financial status. It is also a staple of the nightly news, especially during the '연말정산' (year-end tax settlement) season in January and February. During this time, every major news outlet discusses '과세 혜택' (tax benefits) and '과세 기준' (tax standards) extensively.

The News & Media
Economic journalists use 과세 to describe changes in policy. Headlines like '가상자산 과세 유예' (Postponement of taxation on virtual assets) are common in tech and finance news.

정부는 내년부터 주식 양도 차익에 대해 과세할 방침입니다. (The government plans to levy taxes on stock capital gains starting next year.)

In the corporate world, accountants and HR managers use this word daily. When discussing salaries, they distinguish between '과세 급여' (taxable salary) and '비과세 수당' (non-taxable allowances like meal or transportation costs). If you look at your Korean payslip (급여명세서), you will see these categories clearly marked. Understanding which parts of your income are subject to 과세 helps you understand your actual take-home pay.

Real Estate & Banking
When buying a house (부동산), you will hear about 취득세 과세 (taxation on acquisition). Banks also offer '비과세 종합저축' (tax-exempt comprehensive savings) for seniors or specific groups.

해당 거래는 부가가치세 과세 대상입니다. (The transaction in question is subject to value-added tax.)

Lastly, in the legal system, 과세 appears in disputes. If a company feels they were taxed unfairly, they might file a '과세전적부심사' (pre-taxation legality review). This is a formal process to challenge the tax authority's decision before the tax is actually levied. Thus, the word is deeply embedded in the 'rule of law' in Korea, representing the boundary between private property and state requirements.

법원은 국세청의 과세 처분이 정당하다고 판결했습니다. (The court ruled that the National Tax Service's taxation disposition was justified.)

상속세 과세 가액을 산정하는 기준은 무엇인가요? (What are the criteria for calculating the taxable value of inheritance tax?)

종교인 과세 문제는 오랫동안 논란이 되어 왔습니다. (The issue of taxing religious figures has been a controversy for a long time.)

While 과세 is a straightforward term, learners often confuse it with other tax-related words. The most common error is using 과세 when they actually mean 납세 (napse). 과세 is what the government does to you (levying), whereas 납세 is what you do for the government (paying). Saying '나는 과세했다' (I taxed) usually makes no sense unless you are the Minister of Finance; you should say '나는 납세했다' (I paid my taxes).

Confusion with '세금'
Learners often use '과세' as a synonym for 'tax money' itself. You cannot say '과세를 냈다' (I paid the taxation). You must say '세금을 냈다'. 과세 is the administrative act, not the currency.

Incorrect: 나는 매달 과세를 냅니다.
Correct: 나는 매달 세금을 냅니다.

Another mistake involves the distinction between 과세 and 부과 (bugwa). While both involve imposing something, 부과 is a broader term that can apply to fines, penalties, or duties in general. 과세 is strictly limited to taxes. If you are talking about a parking fine, use '과태료 부과', not '과세'. Using the wrong term in a legal or business setting can lead to misunderstandings about the nature of the payment.

Misusing '비과세'
Sometimes people use '면세' (myeonse) and '비과세' interchangeably. While similar, '면세' usually refers to Duty-Free (like at an airport), while '비과세' refers to income or interest that is legally excluded from taxation.

이것은 과세 대상이 아니라 비과세 항목입니다. (This is not a taxable item, but a tax-exempt item.)

Lastly, be careful with the word 징수 (jingsu). 과세 is the decision to tax, while 징수 is the actual collection of the money. If the government has decided to tax something but hasn't collected it yet, it is '과세' but not yet '징수'. In a news report, you might see '과세는 결정되었으나 징수가 지연되고 있다' (Taxation was decided, but collection is being delayed).

잘못된 과세 정보로 인해 혼란이 발생했습니다. (Confusion arose due to incorrect taxation information.)

외국인에게도 동일한 과세 원칙이 적용됩니다. (The same taxation principles apply to foreigners as well.)

To truly master the vocabulary of Korean finance and law, you need to know how 과세 compares to its synonyms and related terms. While 과세 is the most formal term for the act of taxing, other words might be more appropriate depending on whether you are talking about the money, the collection process, or the legal obligation.

세금 (Segeum) vs. 과세 (Gwase)
'세금' is the physical or electronic money paid. '과세' is the administrative process. Example: '세금을 내다' (Pay tax) vs '과세가 결정되다' (Taxation is decided).
부과 (Bugwa) vs. 과세 (Gwase)
'부과' is the general term for imposing a burden (fines, duties, tasks). '과세' is specific only to taxes. You can '부과' a penalty, but you can only '과세' a tax.
징수 (Jingsu) vs. 과세 (Gwase)
'징수' is the act of collecting the money. '과세' is the act of determining how much is owed. Taxation happens first, then collection follows.

이익이 있는 곳에 과세가 있다는 원칙이 있습니다. (There is a principle that where there is profit, there is taxation.)

In more academic or historical contexts, you might encounter 조세 (jose). This is a broader term that encompasses all types of taxes and duties as a system. While 과세 is an action, 조세 is the system or the category. For example, '조세 제도' (tax system). If you are writing a thesis on economics, you would use '조세' to describe the theory and '과세' to describe the implementation.

새로운 과세 표준이 적용되면 세금 부담이 늘어날 것입니다. (If the new taxation base is applied, the tax burden will increase.)

Another useful term is 감세 (gamse), which means 'tax cut.' It is the opposite of 증세 (jeungse), which means 'tax increase.' These are both related to the '과세 policy' of a government. If you hear '정부가 과세를 완화했다' (The government eased taxation), it is essentially a '감세' policy.

그들은 법인세 과세 구간 조정을 요구하고 있습니다. (They are demanding an adjustment of corporate tax taxation brackets.)

탄소세 과세는 기후 변화 대응의 일환입니다. (Carbon taxation is part of the response to climate change.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient times, 'se' (稅) often referred specifically to a portion of the rice harvest given to the king. Today, it covers everything from digital assets to carbon emissions.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK ɡwa.se
US ɡwa.se
The stress is balanced between the two syllables, but slightly more emphasis on 'gwase'.
هم‌قافیه با
만세 (manse) 공세 (gongse) 자세 (jase) 추세 (chuse) 전세 (jeonse) 월세 (wolse) 강세 (gangse) 약세 (yakse)
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing 'g' too hard like 'k'.
  • Extending the 'e' sound too long like 'see'.
  • Mixing it up with 'gwasik' (overeating).
  • Pronouncing 'wa' as 'o-a'.
  • Missing the 'w' sound entirely.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Common in news and formal documents, requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

نوشتن 4/5

Needs correct particles and formal verb endings like '하다/되다'.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Used in formal or financial discussions, not common in casual speech.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easily recognizable in news and official announcements.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

세금 (tax) 돈 (money) 정부 (government) 내다 (to pay) 물건 (item)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

납세 (tax payment) 징수 (collection) 조세 (tax system) 세율 (tax rate) 탈세 (tax evasion)

پیشرفته

조세 법률주의 과세전적부심사 과세표준확정신고 누진세 부가가치세

گرامر لازم

Noun + 에 대한 (About/Regarding)

소득에 대한 과세

Noun + (으)로 (As/By/With)

과세 대상으로 지정되다

Passive -되다

세금이 과세되다

Hanja prefix 비- (Non-)

비과세 (Non-taxation)

Noun + 을/를 통해 (Through)

과세를 통해 예산을 확보하다

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

이 물건은 과세 대상입니다.

This item is a subject of taxation.

Noun + 대상 (subject/target)

2

과세가 무엇인가요?

What is taxation?

Basic question form

3

여기는 비과세 구역입니다.

This is a tax-free zone.

Bi- (non-) + 과세

4

세금 과세가 어려워요.

Tax taxation is difficult.

Subject marker -ga

5

과세 가격을 보세요.

Look at the taxable price.

Imperative form -seyo

6

정부는 과세합니다.

The government taxes.

Noun + hada (to do)

7

과세 명세서가 왔어요.

The tax statement has arrived.

Past tense -asseoyo

8

과세는 중요합니다.

Taxation is important.

Topic marker -neun

1

모든 수입에 과세가 되나요?

Is all income taxed?

Passive form -doeda

2

과세 표준을 확인하세요.

Please check the tax base.

Standard compound noun

3

이 상품은 과세되지 않습니다.

This product is not taxed.

Negative passive form -ji ansseumnida

4

과세 기간은 언제입니까?

When is the taxation period?

Formal question form

5

과세 대상을 줄여주세요.

Please reduce the taxable objects.

Request form -juseyo

6

새로운 과세 규칙이 생겼어요.

New taxation rules have been created.

Noun + rule

7

과세 통지서를 받았습니다.

I received a taxation notice.

Formal past tense

8

이자에도 과세가 붙습니다.

Tax is also applied to interest.

Butta (to be attached/applied)

1

정부는 사치품에 대해 고율 과세를 결정했습니다.

The government decided on high-rate taxation for luxury goods.

-e daehae (about/regarding)

2

과세 형평성을 높여야 합니다.

Taxation equity must be increased.

Hyeongpyeongseong (equity)

3

연말정산 시 과세 혜택을 받을 수 있어요.

You can receive tax benefits during the year-end settlement.

-si (at the time of)

4

이중 과세를 피하기 위한 협정입니다.

This is an agreement to avoid double taxation.

Ijung (double)

5

과세 당국에 문의해 보세요.

Try inquiring with the tax authorities.

Dang-guk (authorities)

6

과세 자료를 제출해야 합니다.

You must submit the taxation data.

-ya hamnida (must do)

7

비과세 저축 상품이 인기가 많아요.

Tax-exempt savings products are very popular.

Bi- (non-) prefix

8

과세 기준일이 언제인가요?

When is the taxation base date?

Gijun-il (base date)

1

가상자산에 대한 과세가 유예되었습니다.

Taxation on virtual assets has been postponed.

Yuye (postponement)

2

부당한 과세 처분에 불복합니다.

I appeal against the unfair taxation disposition.

Bulbok (appeal/non-compliance)

3

누진 과세 제도는 소득 재분배를 돕습니다.

The progressive taxation system helps income redistribution.

Nujin (progressive)

4

과세 표준 확정 신고를 마쳤습니다.

I have finished the final return for the tax base.

Hwakjeong singo (final return)

5

과세권의 남용을 막아야 합니다.

The abuse of the power to tax must be prevented.

Gwase-gwon (taxing power)

6

해외 소득도 과세 대상에 포함됩니다.

Overseas income is also included in the taxable objects.

Poham (inclusion)

7

과세 예고 통지를 받으면 어떻게 하나요?

What should I do if I receive a pre-taxation notice?

Yego tongji (advance notice)

8

법인세 과세 구간이 조정되었습니다.

The corporate tax taxation brackets have been adjusted.

Gugan (bracket/section)

1

과세 요건이 충족되지 않아 과세할 수 없습니다.

Taxation cannot be performed because the taxation requirements are not met.

Yogeon (requirement)

2

정밀 과세를 위해 소득 파악이 중요합니다.

Identifying income is important for precise taxation.

Jeongmil (precise)

3

역외 과세를 강화하여 탈세를 방지합니다.

Strengthen offshore taxation to prevent tax evasion.

Yeok-oe (offshore)

4

과세 전 적부 심사를 청구할 수 있습니다.

You can request a pre-taxation legality review.

Jeokbu simsa (legality review)

5

징벌적 과세는 시장에 부작용을 낳을 수 있습니다.

Punitive taxation can have side effects on the market.

Jingbeol-jeok (punitive)

6

과세 표준의 양성화가 시급한 과제입니다.

Bringing the tax base into the light is an urgent task.

Yangseong-hwa (bringing to light)

7

국세기본법에 따라 과세가 이루어집니다.

Taxation is carried out in accordance with the Framework Act on National Taxes.

-e ttara (according to)

8

과세 물건의 소재지에 따라 세율이 다릅니다.

The tax rate varies depending on the location of the taxable property.

Sojaeji (location)

1

조세 법률주의는 과세권 행사의 헌법적 한계입니다.

The principle of no taxation without law is the constitutional limit on the exercise of taxing power.

Jose beollyul-juui (legalism in taxation)

2

실질 과세의 원칙에 의거하여 판단해야 합니다.

Judgment must be made based on the principle of substance over form in taxation.

Siljil gwase (substance taxation)

3

역진적 과세 구조를 개선하기 위한 논의가 진행 중입니다.

Discussions are underway to improve the regressive taxation structure.

Yeokjin-jeok (regressive)

4

탄소 국경세 과세는 국제 무역의 새로운 변수입니다.

The levying of carbon border taxes is a new variable in international trade.

Gukgyeong-se (border tax)

5

과세 처분의 취소를 구하는 행정 소송을 제기했습니다.

An administrative lawsuit was filed seeking the cancellation of the taxation disposition.

Chwiso (cancellation/revocation)

6

포괄주의 과세 방식은 모든 소득을 포착하려 합니다.

The comprehensive taxation method attempts to capture all income.

Pogwal-juui (comprehensivism)

7

과세 관청의 재량권 일탈 여부가 쟁점입니다.

The issue is whether the tax office exceeded its discretionary power.

Jaeryang-gwon iltal (abuse of discretion)

8

디지털세 과세는 다국적 기업의 조세 회피를 막으려는 시도입니다.

Digital taxation is an attempt to prevent tax avoidance by multinational corporations.

Jose hoepi (tax avoidance)

ترکیب‌های رایج

과세 대상
과세 표준
과세 당국
과세 기간
이중 과세
과세 고지서
누진 과세
비과세 혜택
과세 형평
과세 증명서

عبارات رایج

과세하다

— To levy a tax on something or someone.

정부는 사치품에 과세하기로 했다.

과세되다

— To be taxed; for a tax to be applied.

이자 소득은 자동으로 과세된다.

과세 대상이 되다

— To become subject to taxation.

일정 금액 이상이면 과세 대상이 된다.

과세 표준을 산정하다

— To calculate the tax base.

전문가가 과세 표준을 산정하고 있다.

과세 처분을 내리다

— To issue a taxation disposition/order.

국세청이 과세 처분을 내렸다.

과세의 공정성

— The fairness of taxation.

과세의 공정성을 확보해야 한다.

과세 자료를 수집하다

— To collect taxation data.

정부는 탈세를 막기 위해 과세 자료를 수집한다.

과세 물품

— Taxable goods, especially in customs.

과세 물품을 신고하지 않으면 벌금이 있다.

과세권

— The power or right to tax.

국가는 헌법에 따라 과세권을 가진다.

과세 유예

— The postponement of taxation.

가상자산 과세 유예가 결정되었다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

과세 vs 납세

납세 is paying; 과세 is taxing. Government does 과세, citizens do 납세.

과세 vs 면세

면세 is 'exemption' (like Duty-Free); 비과세 is 'non-taxable' (income/interest).

과세 vs 부과

부과 is for any burden (fines); 과세 is ONLY for taxes.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"이익이 있는 곳에 과세가 있다"

— Where there is profit, there is taxation. A fundamental principle of tax law.

그는 이익이 있는 곳에 과세가 있다는 원칙을 강조했다.

Academic
"소득 있는 곳에 세금 있다"

— Where there is income, there is tax. A common saying about the inevitability of taxes.

소득 있는 곳에 세금 있다는 말처럼 돈을 벌면 과세는 당연하다.

Neutral
"과세 형평의 원칙"

— The principle of tax equity. The idea that people should be taxed fairly.

과세 형평의 원칙에 따라 고소득자에게 더 많은 세금을 물린다.

Formal
"실질 과세의 원칙"

— The principle of substance over form in taxation. Focusing on the actual economic reality rather than the appearance.

법원은 실질 과세의 원칙을 적용하여 판결했다.

Legal
"조세 법률주의"

— No taxation without representation/law. A constitutional principle.

조세 법률주의에 어긋나는 과세는 무효이다.

Academic
"과세의 사각지대"

— A blind spot in taxation. Areas where the government fails to collect taxes.

지하 경제는 과세의 사각지대에 놓여 있다.

Journalistic
"징벌적 과세"

— Punitive taxation. Heavy taxes intended to discourage certain behaviors.

부동산 투기를 막기 위해 징벌적 과세가 도입되었다.

Journalistic
"과세 표준의 양성화"

— Bringing the tax base to light. Making hidden income visible for taxation.

신용카드 사용은 과세 표준의 양성화에 기여했다.

Economic
"역진적 과세"

— Regressive taxation. Where the tax burden falls more heavily on low-income earners.

소비세는 종종 역진적 과세라는 비판을 받는다.

Academic
"과세 전 적부 심사"

— Pre-taxation legality review. A formal process to challenge a tax before it is levied.

그 회사는 과세 전 적부 심사를 통해 세금을 면제받았다.

Legal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

과세 vs 과식

Similar sound.

과식 means overeating. 과세 means taxation.

과세 때문에 돈이 없어요 (No money because of tax) vs 과식 때문에 배가 아파요 (Stomach ache because of overeating).

과세 vs 과제

Similar sound.

과제 means a task or homework. 과세 means taxation.

오늘의 과제 (Today's task) vs 오늘의 과세 (Today's taxation - rare).

과세 vs 세금

Synonyms.

세금 is the money; 과세 is the act of taxing.

세금을 내다 (Pay money) vs 과세하다 (Administer tax).

과세 vs 징수

Related process.

과세 is the decision/calculation; 징수 is the collection.

과세는 됐지만 징수는 안 됐어요.

과세 vs 관세

Specific type of tax.

관세 is specifically for imports/exports; 과세 is general taxation.

이 물건은 관세가 붙어요.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

A2

이것은 [Noun] 과세 대상입니다.

이것은 수입품 과세 대상입니다.

B1

[Noun]에 대해 과세하기로 했습니다.

주식에 대해 과세하기로 했습니다.

B1

[Noun]은/는 비과세 항목입니다.

이 수당은 비과세 항목입니다.

B2

과세 표준이 [Amount]으로 책정되었습니다.

과세 표준이 천만 원으로 책정되었습니다.

B2

이중 과세를 방지하기 위해 [Action].

이중 과세를 방지하기 위해 협정을 맺었습니다.

C1

과세 형평성을 위해 [Action]이 필요합니다.

과세 형평성을 위해 누진세 강화가 필요합니다.

C1

과세 전 적부 심사를 통해 [Result].

과세 전 적부 심사를 통해 세금이 취소되었습니다.

C2

실질 과세의 원칙에 따라 [Judgment].

실질 과세의 원칙에 따라 법원은 판결했습니다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

과세 (taxation)
납세 (tax payment)
조세 (tax system)
세금 (tax money)
관세 (customs duty)

فعل‌ها

과세하다 (to tax/levy)
과세되다 (to be taxed)
납세하다 (to pay tax)
징수하다 (to collect tax)

صفت‌ها

과세 대상인 (taxable)
비과세인 (tax-exempt)

مرتبط

세무서 (tax office)
국세청 (National Tax Service)
세율 (tax rate)
소득세 (income tax)
부가세 (VAT)
برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in professional/administrative contexts; Low in casual social talk.

اشتباهات رایج
  • 나는 과세했다. → 나는 세금을 냈다.

    You are not the government. You 'pay' (납세/내다), the government 'taxes' (과세).

  • 과세를 많이 냈어요. → 세금을 많이 냈어요.

    You cannot 'pay' the act of taxation. You pay the tax money (세금).

  • 이것은 과세입니다. → 이것은 과세 대상입니다.

    An item is a 'subject of taxation' (과세 대상), not the taxation itself.

  • 과세가 없어요. → 비과세예요.

    Instead of saying 'there is no taxation,' the formal term is 'it is non-taxable' (비과세).

  • 과세는 징수와 같아요. → 과세와 징수는 달라요.

    Taxation (과세) is the decision; collection (징수) is getting the money. They are sequential steps.

نکات

Using -되다

When an item is being taxed, always use the passive form '과세되다'. For example, '이 물건은 과세됩니다' (This item is taxed).

Remember the Hanja

The '세' (稅) in 과세 is the same '세' in 세금, 관세, and 소득세. Whenever you see '세' at the end of a word related to money, it likely means tax.

Duty-Free Shopping

In Korean airports, look for '면세' (Duty-Free) which is a type of '비과세'. If you go over the limit, it becomes '과세 대상'.

Payslips

On your Korean payslip, '과세' refers to the part of your salary that is taxed, while '비과세' refers to tax-free allowances like lunch money.

Objecting to Tax

If you receive a '과세 통지서' (tax notice) you think is wrong, you have a legal right to appeal. The term for this is '과세 불복'.

The 'W' sound

Make sure to pronounce the 'w' in 'Gwa' (과). If you say 'Ga-se', it might sound like 'gase' (gas) or other words.

News Headlines

Search for '과세' in Korean news apps. Reading the headlines will help you see how the word is used in real political and economic contexts.

Formal Reports

In formal writing, use '과세의 형평성' (fairness of taxation) instead of just saying '세금이 공평해야 한다'.

Complaining about Tax

Complaining about '과세' is a common way for adults to bond in Korea, especially during '연말정산' (year-end tax) season.

TOPIK Prep

This word often appears in TOPIK II reading and listening sections related to social issues and the economy.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'GWA' as 'Government Wants All' and 'SE' as 'SEgeum' (tax). 'GWA-SE' = Government Wants All Segeum.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a government official stamping a large red 'G' (Gwase) on a stack of money.

شبکه واژگان

세금 정부 돈 법 수입 수출 은행 지갑

چالش

Try to find the word '과세' on your next receipt or a Korean news site. See if it is followed by '대상' or '표준'.

ریشه کلمه

From the Chinese characters 課 (gwah) meaning 'task, lesson, or levy' and 稅 (se) meaning 'tax'.

معنای اصلی: The original meaning was to impose a specific task or a portion of one's harvest as a contribution to the ruler or state.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based).

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when discussing someone's personal '과세' situation as financial privacy is valued, though complaining about high taxes is a common bonding topic.

Similar to 'No taxation without representation,' but the Korean focus is more on the 'fairness' and 'transparency' of the process.

연말정산 (Year-end Tax Settlement season) 국세청 (NTS - The feared tax agency) 종부세 (Comprehensive Real Estate Tax - a major political issue)

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Customs (공항 세관)

  • 과세 대상인가요?
  • 과세 가격이 얼마예요?
  • 면세 범위를 넘었나요?
  • 과세 통지서를 주세요.

Banking (은행)

  • 비과세 상품이 있나요?
  • 이자 과세가 어떻게 되나요?
  • 과세 증명서가 필요해요.
  • 비과세 혜택을 받고 싶어요.

Business (비즈니스)

  • 과세 표준을 확인합시다.
  • 이중 과세 방지 협정.
  • 과세 기간을 설정하다.
  • 법인세 과세 대상.

Real Estate (부동산)

  • 취득세 과세 기준.
  • 종부세 과세 대상.
  • 과세 가액을 산정하다.
  • 보유세 과세 강화.

News/Politics (뉴스/정치)

  • 가상자산 과세 논란.
  • 과세 형평성 문제.
  • 증세와 감세.
  • 과세 유예 결정.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"한국의 과세 제도는 외국과 많이 다른가요?"

"최근에 발표된 새로운 과세 정책에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"비과세 혜택이 있는 저축 상품을 추천해 주실 수 있나요?"

"해외 직구를 할 때 과세 기준이 어떻게 되는지 아세요?"

"연말정산 때 과세 표준을 낮추는 방법이 있을까요?"

موضوعات نگارش

오늘 내가 낸 세금(과세)이 우리 사회를 어떻게 변화시키고 있는지 써보세요.

과세의 공정성에 대해 당신의 견해를 서술하세요. 부자들에게 더 많이 과세해야 할까요?

만약 당신이 새로운 세금을 과세할 수 있다면, 어떤 것에 세금을 매기고 싶나요?

비과세 혜택을 받은 경험이 있다면 그 기분에 대해 적어보세요.

정부의 과세 정책이 개인의 소비 습관에 어떤 영향을 주는지 분석해 보세요.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

과세 is the formal act of 'taxing' or 'levying' by the government. 세금 is the actual 'tax money' you pay. You pay 세금, but the government performs 과세. For example, '과세 대상' (taxable object) refers to the status, while '세금 납부' (tax payment) refers to the money moving.

Use 비과세 when talking about income, interest, or specific financial products that are legally exempt from being taxed. It is common in banking, like '비과세 저축' (tax-free savings). It means the '과세' process will not be applied to that money.

It is primarily a noun. However, by adding '하다' (to do), it becomes the verb '과세하다' (to tax). By adding '되다' (to become), it becomes the passive verb '과세되다' (to be taxed). For example: '정부가 과세했다' or '이 수입은 과세된다'.

It means the 'tax base.' This is the specific amount of money or value that the tax rate is applied to after all deductions are made. If you earn 100 million won but have 20 million in deductions, your 과세 표준 is 80 million won.

It sounds very formal and stiff. In casual talk, use '세금' (tax). You would only use '과세' if you are talking about something serious like buying a house, importing goods, or discussing government policy.

It means 'double taxation.' This happens when the same income or asset is taxed twice, often by two different countries or under two different tax laws. It is a major topic in international business and law.

It means 'subject to taxation' or 'taxable object.' If something is 과세 대상, it means you must pay tax on it. Customs officers often ask if your items are 과세 대상.

The most direct opposite is 비과세 (non-taxation). Other related opposites include 면세 (exemption) or 감세 (tax reduction).

The term is 과세 기간 (gwase gigan). This refers to the specific timeframe (e.g., a year or a quarter) for which the tax is being calculated and levied.

Because tax policy is a central part of government action. Any time the government changes how much money it takes from people or businesses, they use the term 과세 to describe that administrative change.

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال

writing

Translate: 'The government taxes income.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'This is a taxable item.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write a sentence using '누진 과세'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation is important.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'I received a tax notice.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Is this taxable?'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write a sentence using '과세 형평'.

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation period is one year.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'This income is not taxed.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation is necessary.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Check the taxable price.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Avoid double taxation.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'No tax.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation of income.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'The government taxes.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Is it subject to tax?'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation is decided.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Check the tax period.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Strengthen taxation on the rich.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation rules changed.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Government taxes.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation is fair.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Check the tax.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Is this income taxable?'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation of property.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say '과세' (Taxation)

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say '과세 대상' (Taxable object)

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say '비과세 혜택' (Tax-free benefit)

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and write: 과세

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and write: 과세 대상

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and write: 비과세 항목

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say '이중 과세 방지' (Avoid double taxation)

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Say '과세 형평성 제고' (Improving taxation equity)

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and write: 과세 표준 확정

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening

Listen and write: 실질 과세의 원칙

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write: 'Taxation is fair.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Write: 'This is not taxable.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking

Pronounce 'Gwase'.

این را بلند بخوانید:

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Taxation of interest.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
writing

Translate: 'Levy a tax.'

خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

/ 180 درست

نمره کامل!

برای تمرین رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

محتوای مرتبط

مفید بود؟

نظرات (0)

برای نظر دادن وارد شوید
هنوز نظری وجود ندارد. اولین نفری باشید که افکار خود را به اشتراک می‌گذارد!