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B1 noun 11 دقیقه مطالعه

职员

zhiyuan

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 职员 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 职员 in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners should recognize '职员' (zhíyuán) as a word for a job. It is one of the basic occupations introduced after '老师' (teacher) and '医生' (doctor). At this stage, you don't need to worry about the deep nuances between 'staff' and 'employee.' Just remember that '职员' is a person who works in an office. You can use the basic sentence structure '我是职员' (I am an office worker) or '他是职员' (He is an office worker). It is helpful to associate this word with the image of someone sitting at a desk with a computer. You should also learn the basic measure word '个' (gè) to count them, such as '一个职员.' Focus on the pronunciation: 'zhí' (second tone, rising) and 'yuán' (second tone, rising). Both characters have a rising pitch, which can be tricky for beginners, so practice saying them smoothly together. Don't worry about complex office vocabulary yet; just focus on identifying '职员' as a common occupation in simple 'who is he/she' questions.

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At the A2 level, you begin to expand how you describe '职员.' You should start using the more formal measure word '名' (míng), as in '一名职员.' You will also learn to add simple adjectives to describe the staff, such as '新职员' (new staff) or '好职员' (good staff). At this level, you might encounter the word in simple dialogues about where people work. For example: '他在哪儿工作？' (Where does he work?) '他在银行当职员。' (He works as a clerk in a bank.) Notice the use of the verb '当' (dāng), which means 'to serve as' or 'to work as.' This is a more natural way to talk about jobs than just using '是' (shì). You should also be able to recognize the word in simple written texts, like a short introduction of a family member's job. Start noticing that '职员' is usually found in settings like '公司' (company) or '银行' (bank). You might also see '办公室职员' (office worker) as a slightly more specific term. The focus at A2 is on basic sentence construction and increasing the naturalness of your job descriptions.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand the specific context of '职员' and distinguish it from other 'worker' words. You should know that '职员' refers specifically to white-collar, clerical, or administrative staff. This is the level where you distinguish '职员' from '工人' (manual worker). You will use '职员' in more complex sentences, such as '公司正在为新项目招聘职员' (The company is recruiting staff for a new project). You should also become familiar with common collocations like '全体职员' (all staff) and '高级职员' (senior staff). At B1, you might be asked to describe your own workplace or a typical day in an office, and '职员' will be a key vocabulary item. You should also understand the use of '位' (wèi) as a respectful measure word when talking about staff in a professional or polite context. For example, '这位职员非常负责' (This staff member is very responsible). You will also begin to see '职员' in news headlines or short articles about the economy and the labor market. Your goal is to move beyond simple identification to using the word accurately in professional and social contexts.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of the social and hierarchical implications of the word '职员.' You understand that calling a high-level manager a '职员' might be inappropriate and that '员工' is often a better general term for 'all employees.' You can use '职员' in complex discussions about company structure, labor rights, or office culture. For instance, you might discuss '职员的福利待遇' (staff benefits and treatment) or '职员的职业发展' (staff career development). At this level, you should be comfortable with formal written Chinese where '职员' appears in reports or official announcements. You will also encounter it in more abstract contexts, such as '政府职员的廉洁' (the integrity of government clerks). You should be able to use the word in the passive voice or with complex modifiers, such as '被辞退的职员' (the dismissed staff member). Your vocabulary should also include related terms like '行政职员' (administrative staff) and '技术职员' (technical staff), and you should know when to use each. B2 learners should focus on the 'register' of the word—knowing that it sounds more formal and structured than casual terms for workers.

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At the C1 level, you are analyzing the linguistic and cultural nuances of '职员.' You should be able to discuss the historical evolution of the term, from its roots in traditional bureaucracy to its modern corporate usage. You can compare '职员' with synonyms like '雇员' (employee/hireling) and explain why '雇员' might be used in a legal contract while '职员' is used in an organizational chart. You are also expected to recognize the word in literature or sophisticated social commentary. For example, an author might use the term '职员' to evoke a sense of the 'small person' (小人物) in a vast, impersonal system. You should be able to use the word in professional presentations, perhaps discussing '职员流失率' (staff turnover rate) or '职员激励机制' (staff incentive mechanisms). At C1, your use of measure words and modifiers should be flawless, and you should be able to use the word in idiomatic or semi-idiomatic expressions related to the workplace. You should also understand the subtle difference between '职员' and '办事员' in a government context, where '办事员' refers to a specific low-level rank.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of '职员' and all its related concepts. You can navigate the most complex professional environments in China, understanding exactly when '职员' is the appropriate term and when it might be seen as too formal, too restrictive, or even dated. You can engage in high-level debates about '职员' in the context of the digital economy—for instance, how the definition of an 'office worker' is changing with remote work and the gig economy. You can interpret the word in various styles of writing, from classical-influenced formal prose to modern business jargon. You understand the socio-political history of the '职员' class in China, including the transition from the planned economy (where everyone was a 'staff member' of the state) to the market economy. Your ability to use '职员' extends to creative writing, where you can use the term to build specific character archetypes or social atmospheres. At this level, the word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced expression and deep cultural analysis. You can effortlessly switch between '职员,' '员工,' '人员,' and '雇员' to suit the exact tone and purpose of your communication.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

职员 در ۳۰ ثانیه

职员 (zhíyuán) is a formal noun meaning 'office worker' or 'clerk.' It refers to administrative staff in professional settings.
It is composed of '职' (duty) and '员' (member), highlighting a person who holds a specific professional post.
Commonly used with measure words like '名' (míng) or '位' (wèi) in formal contexts, and '个' (gè) in casual speech.
Distinguished from '员工' (general employee) and '工人' (manual worker) by its specific white-collar and office-based connotation.

The Chinese term 职员 (zhíyuán) is a fundamental noun in the Chinese lexicon, specifically categorized under the professional and workplace domain. Etymologically, it is composed of two characters: 职 (zhí), which refers to a post, duty, or job, and 员 (yuán), which denotes a person, a member, or an official. When combined, they literally translate to 'a person holding a post.' In modern usage, it specifically refers to an office worker, a clerk, or a staff member who performs administrative, professional, or clerical duties within an organization, company, or government institution. Unlike more general terms like 员工 (yuángōng), which can refer to anyone from a janitor to a CEO, 职员 typically carries a connotation of 'white-collar' work, implying that the individual works at a desk or within a structured office environment.

Semantic Nuance: While 'employee' is a broad translation, 'staff member' or 'clerk' often captures the essence of 职员 better in specific contexts like banking or government administration.
Historical Context: In the mid-20th century, being a 职员 in a state-owned enterprise was a prestigious 'iron rice bowl' position, signifying stability and social status.

他在那家跨国公司当一名普通的职员。 (He works as an ordinary office worker in that multinational corporation.)

Understanding the usage of 职员 requires recognizing its formal tone. You are more likely to encounter this word in official documents, job applications, or formal introductions rather than in casual street slang. For instance, when a bank introduces its staff, it might use the term 银行职员 (yínháng zhíyuán). It distinguishes the clerical staff from the management (管理层) and the manual laborers (工人). In the hierarchy of a Chinese company, a 职员 is often the backbone of daily operations, handling paperwork, data entry, and communication.

新来的职员非常勤奋。 (The newly arrived staff member is very diligent.)

In terms of CEFR levels, this word sits comfortably at B1 because it moves beyond basic survival Chinese into the realm of professional life. Learners must distinguish it from 职业 (zhíyè), which means 'profession' or 'occupation.' While they share the same first character, their grammatical functions are entirely different. A 职员 is a person (noun), whereas 职业 is the category of work (noun/adjective). Furthermore, the measure words used with 职员 reflect the level of respect: 个 (gè) is neutral and common, 名 (míng) is more formal and professional, and 位 (wèi) is polite and respectful.

Compound Usage: General Office Worker: 办公室职员 (bàngōngshì zhíyuán); Senior Staff: 高级职员 (gāojí zhíyuán).

政府职员必须遵守严格的准则。 (Government clerks must abide by strict guidelines.)

Using 职员 correctly involves understanding its role as a count noun and its typical placement in sentence structures. Most commonly, it follows the verb 是 (shì - to be) or 当 (dāng - to work as/to be). When describing one's occupation, you might say '我是职员' (I am an office worker). However, to sound more natural and precise, Chinese speakers often include a measure word and a specific department or organization name as a modifier before the word.

The 'Noun + 职员' Pattern: To specify the type of office worker, place the institution before the word: 银行 (Bank) + 职员 = 银行职员. 公司 (Company) + 职员 = 公司职员.

王先生是这家银行的老职员了。 (Mr. Wang is a veteran staff member of this bank.)

When using 职员 in the plural sense, you can add 们 (men) to create 职员们, though this is usually reserved for situations where you are addressing them or focusing on them as a specific group of people. In most descriptive contexts, the plurality is implied by the context or by using numbers and measure words like 几名职员 (several staff members). Another important grammatical point is the use of adjectives. Adjectives like 优秀的 (yōuxiù de - outstanding) or 负责的 (fùzé de - responsible) typically precede the noun with the particle 的.

所有的职员都参加了会议。 (All the staff members attended the meeting.)

In formal writing, such as a business report or a news article, you will see 职员 used to categorize workforce data. For example, '该机构拥有500名职员' (This agency possesses 500 staff members). Here, the word provides a clear, professional boundary between the administrative staff and other types of workers like 技术人员 (technical personnel) or 销售人员 (sales personnel). It is also common in the phrase 全体职员 (quántǐ zhíyuán), meaning 'the entire staff.'

Common Verb Pairings: 招聘职员 (to recruit staff); 培训职员 (to train staff); 辞退职员 (to dismiss a staff member).

公司正在招聘新的职员。 (The company is currently recruiting new staff.)

The word 职员 is ubiquitous in the professional landscape of Chinese-speaking societies. You will hear it most frequently in settings where formal roles are defined. One of the primary locations is the 银行 (yínháng - bank). When you walk into a Bank of China branch, the person behind the counter is a 银行职员. They are the face of the institution, handling transactions and providing customer service. Similarly, in 政府部门 (zhèngfǔ bùmén - government departments), the term is used to describe the vast number of civil servants who manage administrative tasks.

Media and TV: In Chinese dramas (C-dramas) set in offices, characters are often introduced by their title, such as '市场部职员' (Marketing Department staff).

那位职员帮我办理了贷款手续。 (That clerk helped me process the loan paperwork.)

Another common context is the 人力资源 (rénlì zīyuán - Human Resources) department. During recruitment, HR managers will discuss the need for '更多职员' (more staff). In this context, the word sounds more professional than the casual 人 (rén - people). You will also see it on 名片 (míngpiàn - business cards), although specific titles like '经理' (manager) or '助理' (assistant) are more common, 职员 might be used in a general sense in organizational charts or directories.

他只是一名普通的政府职员。 (He is just an ordinary government clerk.)

In literature and news reporting, 职员 is used to provide a clear description of a person's social standing. For example, in a news story about an accident, the reporter might say '一名公司职员在事故中受伤' (A company staff member was injured in the accident) to give the audience a quick idea of who the person was. It provides more information than just 'a man' or 'a woman.' Additionally, in the context of international organizations, you will often hear the term 国际职员 (international staff member) to describe those working for the UN or similar bodies.

Educational Context: In schools, while teachers are '老师', the people working in the administrative office are called '学校职员' (school staff).

请咨询前台的职员。 (Please consult the staff at the front desk.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 职员 is overusing it to mean any kind of worker. In English, 'staff' or 'employee' can cover a vast range of roles. In Chinese, however, the distinctions are sharper. A common error is calling a factory worker or a construction worker a 职员. This is incorrect because 职员 specifically implies an office or clerical setting. For manual labor, the correct term is 工人 (gōngrén). Using 职员 for a blue-collar worker sounds unnatural and confusing to native speakers.

Confusing 职员 and 员工: This is the most common confusion. 员工 (yuángōng) is 'employee' (the broad category). 职员 (zhíyuán) is 'office staff' (the specific role).

Incorrect: 工厂里的职员在搬箱子。 (The 'office staff' in the factory are moving boxes.) - Better: 工厂里的工人在搬箱子。

Another mistake involves the confusion between 职员 and 职业 (zhíyè). Because they both start with 职, beginners often mix them up. Remember: 职业 is 'what you do' (e.g., 'My profession is teaching'), while 职员 is 'who you are in an office' (e.g., 'I am a clerk'). You cannot say '我的职员是...' (My office worker is...). You must say '我的职业是...' (My profession is...). Furthermore, learners often forget to use the appropriate measure word. While 个 is acceptable, using 名 or 位 shows a higher level of linguistic competence and respect.

Confusing: 他是一名职员老师。 (He is a 'staff teacher'.) - Better: 他是学校的行政人员 (He is school administrative staff).

A subtle mistake is using 职员 to refer to high-level executives or bosses. While an executive is technically an 'employee' of a corporation, calling the CEO a 职员 is a major faux pas. In Chinese culture, hierarchy is important. High-level leaders are 高管 (gāoguǎn) or 领导 (lǐngdǎo). Calling them a 职员 suggests they are low-level clerks, which could be seen as an insult or a sign of poor social awareness. Finally, ensure you don't confuse 职员 with 工作人员 (gōngzuò rényuán). The latter is used for 'staff' in a more general, functional sense, such as 'event staff' or 'airport ground staff,' whereas 职员 implies a stable office position.

Summary of Misuse: Avoid using for: Manual workers, high-level bosses, or as a synonym for 'profession'.

Correct usage: 银行职员正在核对账目。 (The bank clerk is checking the accounts.)

To truly master 职员, you must understand its relationship with other words in the 'worker' semantic field. The Chinese language has a rich variety of terms that change based on formality, industry, and hierarchy. The most common alternative is 员工 (yuángōng). While often translated the same way, 员工 is more comprehensive. It covers everyone from the part-time intern to the full-time manager. In a company announcement, you would say '全体员工' (all employees) rather than '全体职员' if you want to include everyone, including the maintenance and security staff.

Comparison: 职员 vs. 员工: 职员: Office/clerical focus. More formal/old-fashioned. 员工: General/modern focus. Used in all business sectors.
Comparison: 职员 vs. 工作人员: 工作人员 (gōngzuò rényuán): 'Staff' in a functional sense. Used for airport staff, museum staff, or event volunteers.

那个博物馆的工作人员非常有礼貌。 (The museum staff member is very polite.) - Note: You wouldn't use 职员 here unless they were in the back office.

Another related term is 雇员 (gùyuán). This is a very formal, legalistic term for 'employee' or 'hireling.' You will mostly see this in contracts or legal documents (e.g., 'Employer and Employee' is '雇主与雇员'). It emphasizes the contractual relationship rather than the nature of the work. For government workers, 公务员 (gōngwùyuán) is the specific term for 'civil servant.' While a 公务员 is technically a 职员, the former is a much more prestigious and specific label in Chinese society, indicating someone who has passed the national civil service exam.

作为一名公务员，他为人民服务。 (As a civil servant, he serves the people.)

In a specific office hierarchy, you might also hear 办事员 (bànshìyuán). This is a slightly lower-level or more traditional term for a clerk or an office assistant. It literally means 'person who handles matters.' While 职员 is a general term for office staff, 办事员 often refers to the entry-level staff who handle the most basic paperwork. Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the word that best fits the social context and the specific job description you are discussing.

Vocabulary Map: General: 员工; Office: 职员; Government: 公务员; Legal: 雇员; Functional: 工作人员.

公司的高级职员享有额外的福利。 (The senior staff of the company enjoy extra benefits.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In the early 20th century, the term 职员 was used to distinguish modern office workers from traditional 'shiye' (advisors) or 'yayi' (runners) in the old Chinese imperial system.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /dʒiː juːæn/

US /dʒiː juːæn/

In Chinese, both syllables are equally stressed as they both carry full tones (2nd tone).

هم‌قافیه با

直 (zhí) 值 (zhí) 执 (zhí) 园 (yuán) 原 (yuán) 员 (yuán) 源 (yuán) 缘 (yuán)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'zhí' as 'zee' or 'jee' without the retroflex (tongue-curled) sound.
Pronouncing 'yuán' as 'yann' instead of 'yoo-ahn'.
Failing to use the rising tone (2nd tone) on both syllables, making it sound flat.
Confusing the 'zh' sound with 'ch' or 'sh'.
Muttering the 'n' ending in 'yuán' too softly.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The characters are relatively common but require recognition of the '职' radical.

نوشتن 4/5

Writing '职' (11 strokes) and '员' (7 strokes) correctly takes some practice.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Getting the two consecutive 2nd tones right is the main challenge.

گوش دادن 2/5

Easily recognizable in professional contexts.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

工作 (Work) 公司 (Company) 人 (Person) 个 (Measure word) 是 (To be)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

员工 (Employee) 经理 (Manager) 办公室 (Office) 职业 (Profession) 招聘 (Recruitment)

پیشرفته

公务员 (Civil servant) 行政管理 (Administration) 人力资源 (Human Resources) 职业发展 (Career development) 企业文化 (Corporate culture)

گرامر لازم

Measure Words for People

使用'名'或'位'来表示对职员的尊重。

The Verb '当' for Professions

通常说'当职员'而不是'做职员'。

Noun Modifiers with '的'

‘负责的职员’中使用‘的’来连接形容词和名词。

Collective Nouns with '全体'

‘全体职员’表示一个整体，后面常跟‘都’。

Specifying Location

在[地点]当职员 (Working as a clerk at [place]).

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

他是一个职员。

He is an office worker.

Basic S + 是 + N structure.

我不是职员，我是学生。

I am not an office worker; I am a student.

Negative structure using 不.

那是三个职员。

Those are three office workers.

Number + Measure Word (个) + Noun.

你是职员吗？

Are you an office worker?

Question formed with 吗.

他在公司当职员。

He works as an office worker in a company.

Using 当 to mean 'to work as'.

职员们在开会。

The staff members are having a meeting.

Plural suffix 们 added to the noun.

好职员。

Good staff member.

Simple adjective + noun.

他是哪里的职员？

Where is he a staff member of?

Interrogative 哪里 used as a modifier.

他在银行当一名职员。

He works as a clerk in a bank.

Using the formal measure word 名.

这里的职员都很客气。

The staff here are all very polite.

Using 都 and 很 for emphasis.

我想当一名公司职员。

I want to be a company office worker.

Expressing desire with 想.

这位职员帮了我。

This staff member helped me.

Using the polite measure word 位.

新来的职员叫什么名字？

What is the name of the new staff member?

Compound modifier '新来的'.

他是一个勤奋的职员。

He is a diligent staff member.

Adjective + 的 + Noun.

公司有五十个职员。

The company has fifty staff members.

Quantity expression.

职员在写报告。

The office worker is writing a report.

Progressive action (implied).

银行职员耐心地回答了我的问题。

The bank clerk patiently answered my questions.

Adverbial '耐心地' modifying the verb.

作为一名职员，他非常负责。

As a staff member, he is very responsible.

Using '作为' (as) to define a role.

公司全体职员都参加了晚会。

The entire staff of the company attended the party.

Using '全体' to mean 'entire/all'.

由于表现优秀，他被提升为高级职员。

Due to outstanding performance, he was promoted to senior staff.

Passive structure with '被' and resultative '为'.

职员们正在讨论新的项目计划。

The staff members are discussing the new project plan.

Present continuous with '正在'.

请问，哪位职员可以帮我办理手续？

Excuse me, which staff member can help me with the procedures?

Interrogative '哪位' for polite inquiry.

他决定辞去职员的工作，去创业。

He decided to quit his job as a staff member and start a business.

Using '辞去' (to resign from).

那家公司正在招聘懂外语的职员。

That company is recruiting staff who know foreign languages.

Relative clause modifier '懂外语的'.

政府职员必须严格遵守国家的法律法规。

Government clerks must strictly abide by national laws and regulations.

Using '必须' (must) and '遵守' (abide by).

该公司的职员福利在同行业中是最好的。

The staff benefits of this company are the best in the industry.

Possessive structure '公司的职员福利'.

职员的满意度直接影响到公司的效率。

Staff satisfaction directly affects the company's efficiency.

Subject clause '职员的满意度'.

为了提高效率，公司对职员进行了培训。

In order to improve efficiency, the company conducted training for the staff.

Using '对...进行' to express an action on a target.

一名优秀的职员应当具备良好的沟通能力。

An outstanding staff member should possess good communication skills.

Using '应当' (should) and '具备' (possess).

有些职员对新的管理制度表示不满。

Some staff members expressed dissatisfaction with the new management system.

Using '对...表示' to express an attitude.

职员们在午休时间经常一起去吃饭。

Staff members often go to eat together during lunch breaks.

Time adverbial '在午休时间'.

这位资深职员对公司的历史非常了解。

This senior staff member knows the company's history very well.

Adjective '资深' (senior/veteran).

在官僚体系中，基层职员往往承担了最繁重的工作。

In a bureaucratic system, grassroots clerks often bear the heaviest workload.

Using '基层' (grassroots/base-level) and '承担' (bear/undertake).

职员流失率过高是管理层亟需解决的问题。

An excessively high staff turnover rate is an urgent problem for management to solve.

Using '亟需' (urgently need) and '流失率' (turnover rate).

他从一名普通职员奋斗到了总经理的位置。

He fought his way from an ordinary staff member to the position of general manager.

Using '从...到...' to describe a career path.

职员的职业道德建设是企业文化的重要组成部分。

The construction of staff professional ethics is an important part of corporate culture.

Complex noun phrase as a subject.

该机构的国际职员来自世界各地。

The international staff of the agency come from all over the world.

Using '来自' (come from).

职员的心理健康在现代职场中越来越受到重视。

Staff mental health is receiving more and more attention in the modern workplace.

Passive structure '受到重视' (receive attention).

公司通过各种激励措施来激发职员的创造力。

The company stimulates staff creativity through various incentive measures.

Using '通过...来...' to express means and purpose.

作为一名老职员，他见证了公司的兴衰。

As a veteran staff member, he witnessed the rise and fall of the company.

Using '见证' (to witness) and '兴衰' (rise and fall).

职员阶层的兴起反映了社会结构的深刻变革。

The rise of the clerical class reflects profound changes in the social structure.

Using '阶层' (stratum/class) and '深刻变革' (profound change).

在数字化转型的浪潮中，传统职员面临着技能重组的挑战。

In the wave of digital transformation, traditional office workers face the challenge of skill restructuring.

Using '浪潮' (wave/trend) and '技能重组' (skill restructuring).

政府职员的权力运行机制必须置于公众的监督之下。

The power operation mechanism of government clerks must be placed under public supervision.

Complex formal structure '置于...之下'.

职员的归属感往往源于企业对个人价值的认可。

A staff member's sense of belonging often stems from the company's recognition of individual value.

Using '归属感' (sense of belonging) and '源于' (originate from).

他那副典型的银行职员做派，让人一眼就能看穿他的职业。

His typical bank clerk demeanor allows one to see through his profession at a glance.

Using '做派' (demeanor/style) and '一眼就能看穿'.

在这些琐碎的行政事务中，职员的耐心被消磨殆尽。

In these trivial administrative affairs, the clerk's patience was completely worn away.

Using '消磨殆尽' (to be worn away completely).

职员与管理层之间的博弈在薪资谈判中达到了顶点。

The game between staff and management reached its climax during salary negotiations.

Using '博弈' (game/contest) and '达到顶点' (reach a climax).

该报告详尽分析了职员在组织变革中的心理调适过程。

The report provides a detailed analysis of the psychological adjustment process of staff during organizational change.

Using '详尽分析' (detailed analysis) and '心理调适' (psychological adjustment).

مترادف‌ها

员工雇员工作人员办事员

متضادها

老板雇主领导

ترکیب‌های رایج

一名职员

全体职员

高级职员

银行职员

政府职员

招聘职员

培训职员

职员福利

资深职员

外籍职员

عبارات رایج

普通职员

— An ordinary or entry-level office worker. Used to describe someone without a high-ranking title.

他只是公司里的一个普通职员。

行政职员

— Administrative staff. Refers to those who handle the day-to-day running of an office.

所有的行政职员都要参加这次培训。

临时职员

— Temporary staff. Someone hired for a short period or a specific task.

我们需要雇佣几名临时职员来帮忙。

核心职员

— Core staff. The most important members of a team or organization.

他是我们部门的核心职员之一。

全职职员

— Full-time staff. Someone who works the standard number of hours.

公司目前只打算招收全职职员。

兼职职员

— Part-time staff. Someone who works fewer than the standard full-time hours.

很多大学生在周末当兼职职员。

技术职员

— Technical staff. Staff members who provide specialized technical support.

技术职员正在修理公司的网络服务器。

国际职员

— International staff. Staff members working for international organizations like the UN.

作为一名国际职员，他经常去不同的国家出差。

资深职员

— Senior or veteran staff. Someone who has worked in a position for a long time.

这位资深职员对公司的业务了如指掌。

新进职员

— Newly joined staff. Those who have just started their jobs.

公司为新进职员准备了欢迎午餐。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

职员 vs 职业 (zhíyè)

职业 means 'profession' or 'occupation' (a category), while 职员 is the 'person' (the worker).

职员 vs 员工 (yuángōng)

员工 is a general term for all employees, while 职员 specifically implies office or clerical staff.

职员 vs 工人 (gōngrén)

工人 is a manual or factory worker; never use 职员 for blue-collar roles.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"朝九晚五"

— Working from nine to five. Describes the typical routine of a 职员.

他过着朝九晚五的职员生活。

Common/Modern

"克己奉公"

— To be self-disciplined and devoted to public service. Often used for government 职员.

作为一名政府职员，他始终克己奉公。

Formal/Commendatory

"精兵简政"

— To streamline the administrative structure and reduce the number of 职员.

为了提高效率，政府决定精兵简政。

Formal/Political

"碌碌无为"

— To lead an aimless life or do nothing useful. Sometimes used to describe a lazy 职员.

他不甘心做一个碌碌无为的职员。

Neutral/Critical

"兢兢业业"

— Cautious and conscientious. A positive way to describe a dedicated 职员.

他在职位上兢兢业业地工作了二十年。

Formal/Commendatory

"任劳任怨"

— To work hard without complaint. A great quality for a 职员.

这位老职员一向任劳任怨，深受大家尊重。

Formal/Commendatory

"人浮于事"

— More people than jobs. Describes an office with too many redundant 职员.

那个部门人浮于事，效率极低。

Formal/Critical

"独当一面"

— To be able to handle a task or area by oneself. Used for a capable 职员.

经过几年的锻炼，他已经可以独当一面了。

Informal/Commendatory

"不卑不亢"

— Neither humble nor arrogant. A good attitude for a 职员 when dealing with clients.

这位职员在接待外宾时表现得不卑不亢。

Formal/Commendatory

"一丝不苟"

— Strict and meticulous. Describes a 职员 who is very careful with paperwork.

他对待工作一丝不苟，从未出过错。

Formal/Commendatory

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

职员 vs 工作人员

Both mean 'staff.'

工作人员 is functional (staff at an event/museum). 职员 is a formal job title for office work.

机场的工作人员 (Airport staff) vs 银行的职员 (Bank clerk).

职员 vs 公务员

Both are types of 'clerks.'

公务员 is specifically a government civil servant who has passed an exam.

他通过了考试，成了一名公务员。

职员 vs 职位

Both start with '职.'

职位 is the 'position' or 'rank' (e.g., manager, assistant), not the person.

他的职位是经理。

职员 vs 干事

Both refer to people working in organizations.

干事 is often used in associations, unions, or student groups.

工会干事 (Union officer).

职员 vs 雇员

Both mean 'employee.'

雇员 is more formal and used in legal or economic contexts.

合同中的雇员条款。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

他是职员。

他在[地点]当职员。

他在银行当职员。

一名[形容词]的职员。

一名负责的职员。

全体职员都[动词]。

全体职员都参加了会议。

[机构]正在招聘职员。

公司正在招聘新职员。

作为一名职员，[句子]。

作为一名职员，他很努力。

从一名普通职员到[职位]。

他从一名普通职员奋斗到了经理。

职员的[抽象名词]（如：归属感）。

职员的归属感非常重要。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

职业 (zhíyè) - Profession

职位 (zhíwèi) - Position

职权 (zhíquán) - Authority

职务 (zhíwù) - Post/Duty

فعل‌ها

入职 (rùzhí) - To join a company

离职 (lízhí) - To leave a job

辞职 (cízhí) - To resign

停职 (tíngzhí) - To suspend from duty

صفت‌ها

在职 (zàizhí) - In-service/Currently employed

兼职 (jiānzhí) - Part-time

全职 (quánzhí) - Full-time

专职 (zhuānzhí) - Full-time/Solely dedicated

مرتبط

公司 (gōngsī) - Company

办公室 (bàngōngshì) - Office

员工 (yuángōng) - Employee

管理 (guǎnlǐ) - Management

行政 (xíngzhèng) - Administration

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in professional, administrative, and news contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

我的职员是会计。 → 我的职业是会计。
You cannot 'be' a 职员 and then list a specific profession like accountant in that way. Use 职业 (profession) instead.
他在工厂当职员。 → 他在工厂当工人。
职员 is only for office workers. Factory workers are 工人.
三个职员们。 → 三个职员。
In Chinese, you don't use the plural '们' when a specific number is mentioned.
他是我们的老板职员。 → 他是我们的老板。
You cannot combine 'boss' and 'staff' like that. They are opposites in terms of hierarchy.
餐厅职员帮我点菜。 → 餐厅服务员帮我点菜。
Restaurant workers who serve food are 服务员, not 职员.

نکات

Use the right measure word

Always try to use '名' (míng) in writing. It makes your Chinese sound much more professional and advanced than using '个' (gè) for everything.

Don't confuse with 职业

Remember: 职员 is a person; 职业 is the job category. You can HAVE a 职业, but you ARE a 职员. This is a classic mistake for B1 learners.

Respect the hierarchy

In Chinese culture, job titles matter. If someone is a manager, call them '经理,' not '职员.' '职员' is a general category, not a title of respect.

Master the 2nd tones

Both zhí and yuán are 2nd tones. Practice them like you are asking a question in English: 'What? Where?' That rising pitch is key.

Radical Recognition

The left side of 职 is '耳' (ear). Historically, officials had to 'listen' to the emperor's orders. This helps you remember the character for 'post/duty'.

Office Only

Only use 职员 for people in offices. If someone works in a shop, they are '店员' (diànyuán). If they work in a factory, they are '工人' (gōngrén).

Formal Introductions

When introducing someone in a business meeting, '这位是我们的职员...' sounds very polite and appropriate.

Collective use

Use '全体职员' in speeches or emails to address the whole office. It sounds unified and professional.

Staff vs. Employee

Think of 职员 as 'staff' (clerical) and 员工 as 'employee' (general). This distinction will help you choose the right word 90% of the time.

Beyond the word

While learning 职员, also learn '上班族' (shàngbānzú). It's the word people actually use to describe the lifestyle of an office worker.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 职 (zhí) as 'Duty' and 员 (yuán) as 'Person.' A 职员 is a 'Duty Person' sitting in an office.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person (员) holding a badge (职) sitting at a desk with a computer and a stack of papers.

شبکه واژگان

办公室 (Office) 电脑 (Computer) 工资 (Salary) 同事 (Colleague) 打卡 (Clock in) 报告 (Report) 会议 (Meeting) 经理 (Manager)

چالش

Try to find three different types of 职员 in your neighborhood (e.g., at a bank, a post office, or a school office) and describe their jobs in Chinese.

ریشه کلمه

The word 职员 is a modern compound. '职' (zhí) originally depicted an ear and a phonetic component, evolving to mean 'to listen to orders' or 'to hold a post.' '员' (yuán) originally depicted a cauldron or a round object, later used to count people or members. Together, they represent a person who holds a specific post or duty within an organization.

معنای اصلی: A person holding a professional post or duty.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful not to call a boss or a manual laborer a 职员, as it can be seen as misidentifying their status.

In English, we often say 'office worker' or 'staff.' 'Staff' is often collective, while '职员' is an individual noun.

The movie 'Office Girl' (职员女郎) - A classic depiction of clerical life. The TV show 'The Office' (translated as 办公室) - Depicts the lives of 职员. Lu Xun's stories often mention '办事员' (clerks), the predecessors of modern 职员.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At a Bank

银行职员
办理业务
咨询职员
柜台职员

At a Company

公司职员
新进职员
全体职员
职员午餐

In a Job Interview

应聘职员
当过职员
招聘职员
职员要求

In a Government Office

政府职员
办事人员
行政职员
职员手册

In a News Report

一名职员
该处职员
职员福利
职员罢工

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你在那家公司当职员多久了？ (How long have you been a staff member at that company?)"

"你觉得当一名银行职员累吗？ (Do you think working as a bank clerk is tiring?)"

"这家公司的职员都很友好，对吧？ (The staff at this company are all very friendly, right?)"

"你想当政府职员还是公司职员？ (Do you want to be a government clerk or a company staff member?)"

"你们公司最近在招聘新职员吗？ (Is your company recruiting new staff recently?)"

موضوعات نگارش

描述你理想中的职员工作环境。 (Describe your ideal working environment as an office worker.)

如果你是一名银行职员，你会如何对待客户？ (If you were a bank clerk, how would you treat your customers?)

写一写一名普通职员的一天。 (Write about a typical day of an ordinary office worker.)

你认为一名优秀的职员应该具备哪些素质？ (What qualities do you think an outstanding staff member should have?)

讨论一下现代职员面临的主要挑战。 (Discuss the main challenges faced by modern office workers.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, a waiter is called '服务员' (fúwùyuán). '职员' is reserved for office-style work. Using it for service staff would be incorrect.

'员工' is the most general word for 'employee' and covers everyone in a company. '职员' specifically refers to office or administrative staff. In a modern tech company, '员工' is much more common.

It is formal to neutral. You would use it in a job application or a news report. In casual conversation, people might just say where they work (我在银行工作).

Use '个' for casual talk, '名' for professional contexts (like a resume), and '位' when you want to be polite or respectful.

Technically, a boss is an employee of a corporation, but you should never call them '职员.' Use '老板' (informal) or '领导' / '经理' (formal).

Yes, you can say '政府职员.' However, '公务员' (civil servant) is the more common and specific term for those who work for the state.

A common slang term is '社畜' (shèchù), borrowed from Japanese, meaning 'corporate slave.' Another common term for the group is '上班族' (shàngbānzú).

No, it is strictly a noun. To say someone 'works as' a 职员, you must use the verb '当' (dāng) or '是' (shì).

The most common way is '全体职员' (quántǐ zhíyuán). You can also say '职员们' (zhíyuánmen) if you are addressing them.

Yes, but in the private sector and tech industry, '员工' has become much more frequent. '职员' still feels very standard for banks, government offices, and large traditional corporations.

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