When we say someone has a "心存侥幸" (xīn cún jiǎo xìng) mentality, it means they are hoping for a lucky outcome despite knowing the odds are against them. They might be trying to avoid a consequence by hoping for an unlikely positive result, rather than facing the situation realistically. It's about taking a chance or hoping to get away with something through sheer luck.
This phrase often carries a slightly negative connotation, suggesting that the person is not being responsible or is perhaps underestimating potential risks. It implies a lack of thorough planning or a disregard for potential negative repercussions, relying instead on a slim possibility of things turning out well by chance.
When you learn a new Chinese word, it's always helpful to know how it compares to other similar phrases. This helps you understand the nuances and use the right word at the right time. Today, we're looking at 心存侥幸 (xīn cún jiǎo xìng) and how it's different from some other common expressions related to taking risks or chances.
§ 心存侥幸 vs. 碰运气 (pèng yùn qì)
- DEFINITION
- 碰运气 means 'to try one's luck' or 'to take a chance'.
While both 心存侥幸 and 碰运气 involve taking a chance, there's a key difference in attitude. 心存侥幸 implies a certain level of delusion or an unreasonable expectation of a positive outcome despite knowing the odds are against you, often in a negative context. You're hoping to escape consequences or avoid effort.
他考试前没复习，心存侥幸地以为能通过。
He didn't review before the exam, harboring a fluke mentality that he could pass.
碰运气, on the other hand, is more neutral. It simply means to try something and see what happens, acknowledging that success is not guaranteed but without the negative connotation of avoiding responsibility or being unrealistic.
我们去碰碰运气，看能不能买到演唱会的票。
Let's try our luck to see if we can get concert tickets.
§ 心存侥幸 vs. 冒险 (mào xiǎn)
- DEFINITION
- 冒险 means 'to take risks' or 'to venture'.
冒险 is about taking a calculated risk or venturing into something new and potentially dangerous, usually with a clear goal or purpose. It often involves courage and a willingness to face challenges.
他决定辞职去创业，这是一次很大的冒险。
He decided to quit his job and start a business; this was a big risk.
In contrast, 心存侥幸 usually doesn't involve a brave or calculated step. It's more about passively hoping to avoid a negative outcome rather than actively pursuing a challenging goal. It’s often used to describe someone who is trying to get away with something or hoping for an undeserved positive result.
不要心存侥幸，酒驾的后果很严重。
Don't harbor a fluke mentality; the consequences of drunk driving are serious.
§ When to use 心存侥幸
- Use 心存侥幸 when someone is hoping for a positive outcome or to escape a negative consequence against all odds, often due to a lack of effort, preparation, or an unwillingness to face reality.
- It carries a strong negative connotation, implying that the person is being unrealistic, irresponsible, or trying to get away with something.
- It's frequently used in warnings or critiques.
他总是心存侥幸，以为不会被抓到。
He always harbors a fluke mentality, thinking he won't get caught.
So, while there are many ways to talk about 'taking chances' in Chinese, remember that 心存侥幸 specifically points to a somewhat deluded hope for an unlikely escape or unearned success, often when someone should know better. Keep practicing these distinctions, and your Chinese will sound much more natural!
نکته جالب
This phrase is often used to describe someone who avoids responsibilities or takes shortcuts, hoping that things will turn out well by chance.
سطح دشواری
Four characters, but common.
Some characters are slightly more complex.
Pronunciation is straightforward.
Common enough to be recognized.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
The structure '心存 + Noun' means 'to harbor [Noun] in one's heart' or 'to entertain [Noun] in one's mind.' This construction emphasizes an internal feeling or thought process.
他心存疑虑，不知道该不该相信她。 (He harbored doubts, not knowing whether he should believe her.)
'侥幸' can be used as an adjective meaning 'lucky by chance' or 'fluky,' often implying that the luck was undeserved or risky. When used as a noun, it refers to 'a fluke' or 'good luck by chance.'
他考试通过是侥幸。 (He passed the exam by a fluke.)
When '侥幸' follows '心存,' it forms the set phrase '心存侥幸,' which specifically describes the mindset of hoping for a lucky outcome without proper effort or preparation.
你不能心存侥幸，以为不学习也能考好。 (You cannot harbor a fluke mentality, thinking you can do well on the exam without studying.)
This phrase often appears in contexts where caution or diligence is advised, warning against the dangers of relying on luck.
开车不要心存侥幸，一定要遵守交通规则。 (Don't take chances when driving, you must obey traffic rules.)
The phrase can also be used to describe someone who got away with something due to luck, implying they were perhaps reckless.
他这次逃过了惩罚，只是心存侥幸罢了。 (He escaped punishment this time, it was just a fluke.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
他心里还存着侥幸，认为事情不会发展到最坏的地步。
He still harbored a fluke mentality, believing things wouldn't escalate to the worst.
不要心存侥幸，对工作中的小问题要及时解决。
Don't take chances; address small work problems promptly.
尽管多次警告，他仍然心存侥幸，超速驾驶。
Despite multiple warnings, he still took chances and drove over the speed limit.
考试前复习要扎实，不能心存侥幸。
Review thoroughly before exams; don't harbor a fluke mentality.
明知故犯，还心存侥幸，这种态度很危险。
Knowingly committing a wrong and still taking chances—this attitude is very dangerous.
他心存侥幸地以为没人会发现他的小动作。
He harbored a fluke mentality, thinking no one would discover his little tricks.
面对挑战，我们要积极应对，而不是心存侥幸地逃避。
Facing challenges, we should respond proactively, not escape with a fluke mentality.
这次教训让他明白，做任何事都不能心存侥幸。
This lesson made him understand that he shouldn't harbor a fluke mentality in anything he does.
الگوهای دستوری
الگوهای جملهسازی
A + 心存侥幸
他 心存侥幸，觉得不会被发现。 (He harbored a fluke mentality, thinking he wouldn't be discovered.)
心存侥幸 + 地 + verb
她 心存侥幸 地 以为自己会通过考试。 (She took a chance and thought she would pass the exam.)
不要 + 心存侥幸
不要 心存侥幸，遵守规则很重要。 (Don't take chances; following the rules is important.)
因为...，所以... 心存侥幸
因为 他 总是 成功，所以 他 心存侥幸。 (Because he always succeeds, he harbors a fluke mentality.)
对... 心存侥幸
她 对 结果 心存侥幸，没有好好准备。 (She took chances with the results and didn't prepare well.)
心存侥幸 + 往往 + 导致...
心存侥幸 往往 导致 失败。 (Taking chances often leads to failure.)
正是因为...，才... 心存侥幸
正是因为 他的 疏忽，他 才 心存侥幸。 (It was precisely because of his negligence that he harbored a fluke mentality.)
以 + 心存侥幸 + 的 + 心态
他 以 心存侥幸 的 心态 面对 挑战。 (He faced the challenge with a fluke mentality.)
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
نحوه استفاده
心存侥幸 describes a mindset where someone believes they can get away with something or succeed against the odds, often by cutting corners or ignoring rules. It implies a risky attitude.
A common mistake is to use it as a direct translation for 'lucky' or 'hopeful.' While there's a nuanced overlap, 心存侥幸 specifically carries a negative connotation of wishful thinking that often leads to negative consequences. It's not about general good fortune.
نکات
Literal Meaning Breakdown
Understand the individual characters: 心 (xīn) means 'heart/mind,' 存 (cún) means 'to store/to harbor,' 侥幸 (jiǎoxìng) means 'fluke/by luck.' So, 'to harbor a fluke in your heart/mind.'
Core Idea
The phrase describes someone who relies on luck or chance, rather than effort or careful planning. They hope for a positive outcome despite poor preparation or risky actions.
Opposite Concept
The opposite of 心存侥幸 would be being diligent, careful, or meticulous. Think of someone who plans everything out and leaves nothing to chance.
When to Use It
Use this phrase to describe someone who is reckless, overly optimistic about luck, or trying to cut corners. It often has a negative connotation.
Example 1
他考试前没有好好复习，心存侥幸，结果不及格。
He didn't study well before the exam, harboring a fluke mentality, and as a result, he failed.
Example 2
开车不要心存侥幸，一定要遵守交通规则。
Don't take chances when driving; you must obey traffic rules.
Example 3
不要心存侥幸，以为病毒不会找上你。
Don't harbor a fluke mentality, thinking the virus won't get to you.
Common Scenarios
This phrase often appears in contexts related to exams, safety, law-breaking, or any situation where taking risks without proper preparation could lead to negative consequences.
Negative Connotation
Remember, 心存侥幸 almost always implies a negative judgment of someone's attitude or actions. It's not a compliment.
Practice with Sentences
Try to create your own sentences using 心存侥幸. For example, think about a time someone you know (or a character in a story) relied on luck instead of effort.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a **heart (心)** that **stores (存)** a **lucky fluke (侥幸)**. It's like hoping for a miracle instead of working hard.
تداعی تصویری
Picture someone playing a lottery ticket with a big, hopeful heart (心) above their head, but they're not really expecting to win, just *hoping* they get lucky (侥幸).
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Describe a situation where someone might have a '心存侥幸' mentality. For example, '他没有好好复习，心存侥幸，希望考试能蒙对。' (He didn't review well and harbored a fluke mentality, hoping to guess correctly on the exam.)
ریشه کلمه
The first character, 心 (xīn), means 'heart' or 'mind.' 存 (cún) means 'to harbor' or 'to keep.' 侥幸 (jiǎoxìng) means 'fluke,' 'by luck,' or 'chance.'
معنای اصلی: To have a heart that harbors luck or chance, implying a reliance on good fortune rather than effort.
Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic languages, Chineseبافت فرهنگی
When Chinese people use '心存侥幸', they are often highlighting a negative attitude. It's about someone who tries to cut corners or bend rules, hoping to get away with it. This kind of thinking is generally frowned upon in Chinese culture, which values diligence and careful planning. It's a subtle way to suggest that someone is not being realistic or responsible, and that their actions might lead to trouble.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Gambling and speculation: Discussing people who gamble or invest with a 'fluke mentality,' hoping for easy gains without solid analysis or skill.
- 他总是心存侥幸，觉得下一把牌就能赢。
- 不要心存侥幸，投资需要谨慎。
- 很多人炒股都是心存侥幸。
Exams and studying: Talking about students who don't prepare well but 'take chances' hoping to pass, or teachers warning against this attitude.
- 考试前不要心存侥幸，要认真复习。
- 有些学生平时不努力，到考试时就心存侥幸。
- 老师警告我们不要心存侥幸，要脚踏实地。
Breaking rules or laws: Describing someone who disobeys regulations, thinking they won't get caught or that the consequences won't apply to them.
- 他心存侥幸，闯了红灯。
- 不要心存侥幸，酒驾是非常危险的。
- 对违法行为，不能心存侥幸。
Procrastination and deadlines: Discussing people who delay tasks, 'taking chances' that they can finish everything at the last minute.
- 你不能心存侥幸，觉得到最后一天才做作业也来得及。
- 心存侥幸会让你错过重要的截止日期。
- 项目管理中，心存侥幸是大忌。
Health and safety: Referring to individuals who ignore health warnings or safety precautions, believing nothing bad will happen to them.
- 戴头盔可以保护你，不要心存侥幸。
- 面对疫情，我们不能心存侥幸。
- 心存侥幸可能会带来严重的后果。
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你觉得人们为什么会心存侥幸？ (Why do you think people harbor a fluke mentality?)"
"你在什么时候会心存侥幸？ (When do you find yourself taking chances?)"
"你有没有因为心存侥幸而做错事？ (Have you ever done something wrong because you harbored a fluke mentality?)"
"在你的文化里，心存侥幸是一种普遍现象吗？ (Is taking chances a common phenomenon in your culture?)"
"你认为心存侥幸有什么危害？ (What dangers do you think come from harboring a fluke mentality?)"
موضوعات نگارش
描述一次你心存侥幸的经历，结果如何？ (Describe a time you harbored a fluke mentality. What was the outcome?)
你认为在什么情况下，心存侥幸是完全不可取的？ (In what situations do you think taking chances is absolutely not advisable?)
如果你的朋友总是心存侥幸，你会怎么劝他？ (If your friend always harbored a fluke mentality, how would you advise them?)
在学习中文的过程中，你有没有心存侥幸的时候？ (In the process of learning Chinese, have you ever harbored a fluke mentality?)
你觉得如何才能避免心存侥幸这种心态？ (How do you think one can avoid this fluke mentality?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوال心存侥幸 (xīn cún jiǎo xìng) literally means 'to harbor a fluke mentality' or 'to take chances'. It describes someone who hopes for a positive outcome despite knowing the odds are against them, often due to laziness, carelessness, or a desire to avoid effort. It's about a mindset where you're banking on luck rather than preparation or careful action.
Sure. Imagine someone didn't study for a test but hopes they'll still pass. You could say, '他心存侥幸，以为没复习也能考好。' (Tā xīn cún jiǎo xìng, yǐ wéi méi fù xí yě néng kǎo hǎo.) This means: 'He harbored a fluke mentality, thinking he could do well even without reviewing.'
Yes, almost always. 心存侥幸 carries a negative connotation because it implies a lack of responsibility, a reliance on luck, and often leads to undesirable consequences. It's generally used to describe a misguided or unrealistic hope.
While both involve luck, 心存侥幸 focuses on the *mindset* of hoping for a fluke outcome, often implying a lack of proper effort or a willingness to cut corners. '碰运气' simply means 'to try one's luck' or 'to take a chance,' which can be more neutral. For example, buying a lottery ticket is '碰运气,' but skipping work hoping your boss won't notice might be described as 心存侥幸.
Not really. Optimism usually involves a positive outlook despite challenges, but it's often paired with effort. 心存侥幸, on the other hand, implies a hope for an easy win or an escape from consequences without putting in the necessary work or taking proper precautions. It's more about wishful thinking that goes against reason.
You can say: '不要心存侥幸。' (Bù yào xīn cún jiǎo xìng.) This is a common and direct way to tell someone not to rely on luck or hope for an improbable outcome.
It's a fairly common and widely understood phrase, used in both spoken and written Chinese. It's not overly formal, but it's also not slang. You'd hear it in everyday conversations, news reports, and even cautionary tales.
You'd use it in situations where someone is neglecting their duties, breaking rules, or taking risks with the hope that they won't face consequences. For instance, someone driving drunk and hoping not to get caught, or a student cheating on a test and hoping not to be discovered. It's about banking on luck to avoid negative outcomes.
Yes, absolutely. You would use it just like any other verb. For example, '他以前总是心存侥幸，所以吃了很多亏。' (Tā yǐ qián zǒng shì xīn cún jiǎo xìng, suǒ yǐ chī le hěn duō kuī.) This means: 'He always harbored a fluke mentality in the past, so he suffered many losses.'
While not exact synonyms, phrases like '投机取巧' (tóu jī qǔ qiǎo - to act opportunistically/cut corners) or '不劳而获' (bù láo ér huò - to gain without effort) share some thematic similarities with 心存侥幸, as they also describe actions driven by a desire for easy gains or avoidance of hard work, often relying on luck or exploiting situations.
خودت رو بسنج 54 سوال
他喜欢___，所以常常不做作业。
He likes to take chances, so he often doesn't do his homework.
你不能___，要好好准备考试。
You can't just take chances; you need to prepare well for the exam.
虽然他没有努力，但是___，希望成功。
Although he didn't work hard, he still harbors a fluke mentality, hoping for success.
我们不应该___，要做得更好。
We shouldn't take chances; we need to do better.
她总是___，以为不会有问题。
She always harbors a fluke mentality, thinking there won't be any problems.
别___，要认真对待每一件事。
Don't take chances; you need to treat everything seriously.
This sentence means 'He succeeded by chance.'
This sentence means 'Don't harbor a fluke mentality, work hard.'
This sentence means 'She always takes chances.'
她____，以为考试很简单。
The sentence implies she thought the test would be easy without much effort. '心存侥幸' fits this meaning.
他不复习就去考试，这是____。
Going to a test without studying is an example of taking chances or having a fluke mentality.
你应该认真学习，不要____。
The advice is to study seriously, which contrasts with taking chances or hoping for a fluke.
如果一个人心存侥幸，他通常会做充分的准备。
Someone with a '心存侥幸' mentality usually hopes for luck and doesn't prepare thoroughly.
心存侥幸是一种积极的心态。
To '心存侥幸' means to take chances and often implies a lack of proper effort, which is generally not seen as a positive attitude.
“心存侥幸”指的是希望事情能侥幸成功，即使没有充分准备。
This statement accurately describes the meaning of '心存侥幸'.
You see someone about to cross the street without looking, hoping cars will stop. Write a short sentence in Chinese advising them against having a 'fluke mentality' in this situation.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
过马路不要心存侥幸，很危险。
Imagine your friend didn't study for a test, thinking they can still pass. Write a sentence in Chinese expressing concern about their 'fluke mentality'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
你考试前心存侥幸，这样不好。
Someone is trying to fix a complex machine without following instructions, hoping it just works. Write a short Chinese sentence warning them against this 'fluke mentality'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
修理机器不要心存侥幸，要看说明书。
小明为什么没考好？
این متن را بخوانید:
小明总是觉得他不用努力学习也能考好。这次考试，他果然没考好。他应该早点知道，学习不能心存侥幸。
小明为什么没考好？
文章中说小明觉得不用努力学习也能考好，这就是心存侥幸，所以他没考好。
文章中说小明觉得不用努力学习也能考好，这就是心存侥幸，所以他没考好。
文章建议开车时做什么？
این متن را بخوانید:
开车的时候，有的人不喜欢系安全带，觉得不会出事。但是，这种心存侥幸的想法是很危险的。为了安全，一定要系安全带。
文章建议开车时做什么？
文章明确指出“为了安全，一定要系安全带”，并且警告“心存侥幸的想法是很危险的”。
文章明确指出“为了安全，一定要系安全带”，并且警告“心存侥幸的想法是很危险的”。
根据文章，为什么要注意食品的生产日期？
این متن را بخوانید:
很多人喜欢在超市买打折的快过期食品。他们心存侥幸，觉得吃了没问题。但是，有时候这样会导致生病。所以，要注意食品的生产日期。
根据文章，为什么要注意食品的生产日期？
文章提到，虽然人们心存侥幸觉得吃了快过期的食品没问题，但“有时候这样会导致生病”，因此需要注意生产日期。
文章提到，虽然人们心存侥幸觉得吃了快过期的食品没问题，但“有时候这样会导致生病”，因此需要注意生产日期。
Choose the sentence where “心存侥幸” is used correctly:
Option A correctly shows someone taking a chance by not preparing and facing negative consequences. The other options don't convey the meaning of 'taking chances' in a negative or risky way.
Which of the following situations best describes someone with a '心存侥幸' mentality?
Option B perfectly illustrates the '心存侥幸' mentality – knowing a risk exists but hoping to avoid the consequences. The others show responsible or positive behaviors.
If someone is always '心存侥幸' when dealing with problems, what is a likely outcome?
The phrase '心存侥幸' implies a lack of proper preparation or caution, often leading to negative outcomes. Therefore, more failures and losses are a likely consequence.
If you '心存侥幸', it means you are being very cautious and prepared.
False. '心存侥幸' means to harbor a fluke mentality or to take chances, often implying a lack of caution or preparation.
When someone '心存侥幸' in a dangerous situation, they usually believe that bad things won't happen to them.
True. The core of '心存侥幸' is the belief that one can avoid negative consequences despite taking risks.
It's generally a good strategy to '心存侥幸' when facing a serious challenge.
False. '心存侥幸' is generally considered a negative attitude that can lead to failure or undesirable outcomes, especially in serious challenges.
Someone often thinks they won't get caught.
This kind of mentality will eventually harm someone.
It's not advisable to rely on luck before an exam.
این را بلند بخوانید:
心存侥幸是通向失败的捷径。
تمرکز: 侥幸
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
不要心存侥幸，凡事都要做好准备。
تمرکز: 凡事
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
她总是心存侥幸，觉得好运会降临。
تمرکز: 降临
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
他因为___，最终导致了严重的后果。
这句话描述了因为抱有侥幸心理而导致不良后果的情形。
在重要的考试中，我们绝不能___，认为蒙对了答案就能及格。
这里强调了在考试中不应抱有侥幸心理，而应该认真准备。
尽管公司面临危机，一些员工仍然___，以为事情会自然好转。
这句话表达了在危机面前，一些人仍抱有不切实际的期望。
他试图通过___来逃避责任，结果却适得其反。
这里指试图靠侥幸心理来逃避责任，但最终未能成功。
司机___地闯了红灯，没想到正好被摄像头拍了下来。
这句话形容司机抱有侥幸心理，认为闯红灯不会被发现。
面对诱惑，我们不能___，要坚守原则。
这句话说明在面对诱惑时，不应抱有侥幸心理，而应坚守底线。
Choose the most appropriate scenario where someone might 心存侥幸.
心存侥幸 refers to holding onto a fluke mentality or taking chances. Speeding through a red light with the hope of not being caught perfectly illustrates this concept.
Which of the following actions best demonstrates 心存侥幸?
Buying a lottery ticket and expecting to win a jackpot is a classic example of having a fluke mentality or taking a chance with low odds, which is what 心存侥幸 means.
Someone who 心存侥幸 might say:
“I’ll just wing it and hope for the best” directly expresses the idea of taking a chance without proper preparation, which aligns with the meaning of 心存侥幸.
If you 心存侥幸 when dealing with a serious problem, you are likely to find a long-term solution.
Having a fluke mentality (心存侥幸) means relying on luck or chance rather than addressing problems effectively, which rarely leads to long-term solutions for serious issues.
A person who always plans carefully and avoids risks is likely to 心存侥幸.
Someone who plans carefully and avoids risks is the opposite of someone who 心存侥幸, as they do not rely on chance or a fluke mentality.
When faced with a difficult decision, choosing the easiest option without considering consequences could be described as 心存侥幸.
Choosing the easiest option without considering consequences implies a hope that things will work out by chance, which is consistent with having a fluke mentality (心存侥幸).
This sentence describes someone who, before an exam, harbored a fluke mentality and didn't review properly.
This sentence illustrates someone who, despite high risks, still took chances and decided to invest in the project.
This sentence emphasizes that we cannot have a fluke mentality, thinking things will improve on their own; we must actively respond.
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Literal Meaning Breakdown
Understand the individual characters: 心 (xīn) means 'heart/mind,' 存 (cún) means 'to store/to harbor,' 侥幸 (jiǎoxìng) means 'fluke/by luck.' So, 'to harbor a fluke in your heart/mind.'
Core Idea
The phrase describes someone who relies on luck or chance, rather than effort or careful planning. They hope for a positive outcome despite poor preparation or risky actions.
Opposite Concept
The opposite of 心存侥幸 would be being diligent, careful, or meticulous. Think of someone who plans everything out and leaves nothing to chance.
When to Use It
Use this phrase to describe someone who is reckless, overly optimistic about luck, or trying to cut corners. It often has a negative connotation.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر emotions
有点
A1A little; somewhat; rather.
一点
A1A little; a bit; slightly.
可恶
A2Hateful; detestable; abominable.
心不在焉
A2Absent-minded; preoccupied.
接受地
A2Acceptingly; receptively.
成就感
B1Sense of achievement; fulfillment.
撒娇
A2To act like a spoiled child; to act cute.
上瘾
B1To be addicted to something.
沉迷
A2To be addicted to; to be engrossed in.
敬佩
B1Admiration; respect; reverence.
