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A2 adjective 10分で読める

anstrengend

練習する例文メモとヒント anstrengend 30秒で

解説 anstrengend in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'anstrengend' means 'hard' or 'tiring' in a general sense. You will mostly use it to describe your day or a specific activity like sports. At this stage, you don't need to worry too much about complex adjective endings; focus on using it after the word 'ist'. For example, 'Die Schule ist anstrengend' (School is hard) or 'Mein Tag war anstrengend' (My day was tiring). It's a very useful word because it allows you to express your feelings about your daily routine. You might also hear it when people talk about the weather, like 'Die Sonne ist anstrengend' if it's too hot. Keep it simple and use it as a predicate adjective. This word helps you move beyond basic 'good' or 'bad' descriptions. Instead of just saying a task is 'schlecht' (bad), you can say it is 'anstrengend', which is much more precise and sounds more like a real German speaker. It is one of the first words you will use to describe effort.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'anstrengend' to describe more specific situations and begin applying basic adjective endings. You will learn that it describes things that take energy. You can now say 'ein anstrengender Job' (a strenuous job) or 'eine anstrengende Reise' (a tiring journey). You should also be able to use it with 'finden' (to find/think), such as 'Ich finde Deutsch lernen anstrengend' (I find learning German exhausting). This is also the level where you distinguish between 'anstrengend' (the task) and 'müde' (the person). You might use it to talk about your hobbies, like 'Fußball ist anstrengender als Tennis'. Understanding the comparative 'anstrengender' is a key goal for A2. You are beginning to realize that this word isn't just about physical work but also about mental effort. It's a great word for describing your weekend or your work week to friends in simple but effective German sentences.

By B1, you are expected to use 'anstrengend' fluently in a variety of contexts, including social and abstract ones. You should be able to describe people as 'anstrengend' (demanding/difficult) and understand the social implications of doing so. You will use it in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Obwohl die Arbeit anstrengend war, habe ich sie genossen' (Although the work was strenuous, I enjoyed it). You should also be familiar with the superlative form 'am anstrengendsten'. At B1, you start to see 'anstrengend' in professional emails or during work meetings to describe projects or timelines. You can use it to talk about emotional labor, like 'Es ist anstrengend, immer freundlich zu sein' (It is exhausting to always be friendly). Your vocabulary is expanding, so you might start comparing 'anstrengend' with 'mühsam' or 'schwierig', choosing the right word for the right situation. This level is about nuance and integrating the word into natural, flowing conversation about life's challenges.

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At the B2 level, 'anstrengend' becomes a tool for more sophisticated expression. You will use it to describe complex societal or political situations, such as 'anstrengende Reformprozesse' (strenuous reform processes). You are expected to handle all adjective endings perfectly, even in more difficult cases like the genitive: 'Trotz eines anstrengenden Tages...' (Despite a strenuous day...). You will also encounter the verb 'anstrengen' (to exert) and the reflexive 'sich anstrengen' (to make an effort), and you should understand how they relate to the adjective. You might use 'anstrengend' to critique literature or films, describing a plot as 'anstrengend' because it is hard to follow. You can also use it to describe sensory overload, like 'der anstrengende Lärm der Großstadt'. At this level, you are not just using the word; you are using it to express a specific perspective on the level of energy required by modern life, work, and relationships.

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At C1, you use 'anstrengend' and its synonyms with precision and stylistic flair. You might use it in academic or formal writing to describe the 'anstrengende Suche nach der Wahrheit' (strenuous search for truth). You understand the subtle differences between 'anstrengend', 'strapaziös', 'aufreibend', and 'kräftezehrend', and you choose the one that fits the register and tone of your text perfectly. You might use the word in a metaphorical sense, describing a style of music or art as 'ästhetisch anstrengend' because it challenges the viewer. You are also comfortable using the word in professional negotiations or high-level debates to describe the process of reaching a consensus. Your use of the word is no longer just about 'hard work'; it's about the expenditure of vital resources—be they physical, mental, or spiritual. You can discuss the 'anstrengende Natur' of certain philosophies or scientific theories with ease.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'anstrengend'. You can use it in highly nuanced ways, perhaps in literary critiques or philosophical discourses. You might discuss the 'anstrengende Dialektik' of a certain historical period or the 'anstrengende Präzision' required in high-level scientific research. You understand the word's etymological roots and how it relates to other words in the 'Strang' (rope) family. You can use it ironically or with deep sarcasm in social settings. You are also able to use it in very formal, legal, or administrative contexts where precision is paramount, such as describing 'anstrengende Beweisverfahren' (strenuous evidentiary procedures). At this level, the word is just one of many tools in your vast linguistic arsenal, used with perfect timing and context-appropriate register. You can also play with the word in creative writing, using it to evoke a specific atmosphere of exhaustion or relentless effort.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

anstrengend 30秒で

Anstrengend means 'strenuous' or 'exhausting' and describes the cause of tiredness.
It is used for physical activities like sports and mental tasks like studying.
Be careful: calling a person 'anstrengend' means they are difficult or demanding.
It is the present participle of 'anstrengen' and follows standard adjective rules.

The German adjective anstrengend is a cornerstone of daily conversation, primarily used to describe tasks, situations, or even people that require a significant amount of effort, energy, or patience. At its core, it translates to 'strenuous,' 'exhausting,' 'tiring,' or 'demanding.' Unlike the word 'müde' (tired), which describes an internal state of being, 'anstrengend' describes the external cause of that state. If you go for a ten-mile run, the run itself is anstrengend, and as a result, you feel müde. This distinction is vital for English speakers to master, as it prevents common errors where learners might accidentally call themselves 'anstrengend' (which would imply they are a difficult or annoying person to be around) instead of saying they are exhausted.

Physical Exertion: Used when describing sports, manual labor, or any activity that makes your muscles ache or your heart rate rise. For example, moving furniture to a new apartment is universally considered anstrengend.

Das Training im Fitnessstudio war heute besonders anstrengend, weil wir keine Pausen gemacht haben.

Mental and Emotional Tax: It applies equally to cognitive tasks. A long exam, a complicated tax return, or a high-stakes business negotiation is anstrengend because it drains your mental bandwidth. Emotionally, dealing with conflict or a crying toddler is described this way.

In a social context, calling a person 'anstrengend' is a mild criticism. It suggests that the person requires a lot of emotional labor to interact with—perhaps they talk too much, are constantly negative, or are very needy. It is less harsh than calling someone 'nervig' (annoying), but it clearly signals that spending time with them is not relaxing. Understanding this nuance helps you navigate German social dynamics where directness is valued but subtly coded in specific vocabulary choices.

Es ist sehr anstrengend, ihm alles dreimal erklären zu müssen.

The 'Jammern' Culture: In German-speaking cultures, there is a concept called 'Jammern' (complaining/whining). Using 'anstrengend' is a key tool in this social ritual. It validates your hard work and allows others to empathize with your struggle, making it a highly productive word for building rapport in professional and personal settings.

Die Reise nach Japan war lang und anstrengend, aber auch wunderschön.

Hausaufgaben können manchmal sehr anstrengend sein, wenn man müde ist.

Ich finde es anstrengend, immer höflich zu bleiben.

Using anstrengend correctly requires an understanding of its position in a sentence and its grammatical function. As an adjective, it can be used predicatively (after a verb like 'sein' or 'werden') or attributively (before a noun). When used predicatively, it does not change its ending. When used attributively, it must decline according to the gender, case, and number of the noun it modifies. This versatility allows you to integrate it into almost any conversation about effort or difficulty.

Predicative Use (The Easy Way): In the structure 'Something IS anstrengend,' the word remains 'anstrengend' regardless of the subject. This is the most common way beginners use the word. 'Die Arbeit ist anstrengend' (The work is strenuous) or 'Die Kinder sind anstrengend' (The children are demanding).

Es war ein anstrengender Tag im Büro.

Attributive Use (Adjective Endings): When you place it before a noun, you must apply adjective endings. A 'strenuous day' becomes 'ein anstrengender Tag' (masculine nominative). A 'strenuous week' is 'eine anstrengende Woche' (feminine). A 'strenuous year' is 'ein anstrengendes Jahr' (neuter).

You will also frequently see it used with the impersonal 'es' to describe a general situation. 'Es ist anstrengend, Deutsch zu lernen' (It is exhausting to learn German). This construction allows you to follow up with an infinitive clause (zu + verb), which is a high-level sentence structure that sounds very natural to native speakers. This is particularly useful for expressing opinions about activities without needing a specific noun as the subject.

Ich finde die Suche nach einer neuen Wohnung extrem anstrengend.

Comparative and Superlative: To say something is 'more strenuous,' use 'anstrengender.' For 'the most strenuous,' use 'am anstrengendsten.' For example: 'Dieser Berg ist anstrengender als der letzte' (This mountain is more strenuous than the last one).

Die letzte Woche vor den Prüfungen war am anstrengendsten.

Warum ist es so anstrengend, morgens früh aufzustehen?

Wir hatten ein anstrengendes Gespräch über unsere Zukunft.

In Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, anstrengend is ubiquitous in professional environments and everyday life. If you walk into a German office at 5:00 PM, you are almost guaranteed to hear someone sighing and saying, 'Was für ein anstrengender Tag!' (What a tiring day!). It is a socially acceptable way to acknowledge the grind of productivity without sounding like you are complaining too much. It’s also a staple in the world of sports; fitness trainers use it to motivate clients ('Es soll anstrengend sein!'), and athletes use it to describe their training regimes.

In the Workplace: Colleagues use it to empathize with each other. If a project is falling behind or a client is difficult, describing it as 'anstrengend' is a professional way to indicate that things are not easy. It focuses on the workload rather than personal failure.

Das Projekt ist im Moment sehr anstrengend, aber wir schaffen das.

In Family Life: Parents frequently use 'anstrengend' to describe the phase their children are in. 'Die Trotzphase ist wirklich anstrengend' (The defiance phase is really exhausting). It is a way of acknowledging the reality of parenting without diminishing the love for the child.

You will also hear it in the context of travel and logistics. Germany's rail system, while efficient, can sometimes lead to 'anstrengende Reisen' due to delays or crowded trains. In such cases, commuters use the word to bond over shared frustration. Even weather can be 'anstrengend'—for instance, a heatwave that makes even walking to the store a chore. In essence, any situation where the environment or task pushes against your comfort zone is prime territory for this word.

Die Hitze heute ist wirklich anstrengend für den Kreislauf.

Media and Literature: In news reports or documentaries, you might hear about 'anstrengende Verhandlungen' (strenuous negotiations) between political parties or labor unions. It highlights the persistence required to reach an agreement.

Ich finde es anstrengend, wenn Leute im Zug laut telefonieren.

War dein Flug sehr anstrengend? Du siehst müde aus.

Es ist eine anstrengende Zeit, aber wir müssen durchhalten.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make with anstrengend is confusing it with the adjective 'müde' (tired). In English, we often say 'I am tiring,' but that actually means you are causing others to be tired. In German, if you say 'Ich bin anstrengend,' you are telling people that YOU are a difficult, high-maintenance person. To say you are exhausted because of something, you should say 'Ich bin erschöpft' or 'Ich bin müde,' while describing the activity as 'anstrengend.'

Confusing Subject and Object: Mistake: 'Ich bin heute sehr anstrengend.' (I am very exhausting today). Correct: 'Mein Tag war heute sehr anstrengend.' (My day was very exhausting today). Remember: The activity is anstrengend, the person is müde.

Vorsicht: Sag nicht 'Ich bin anstrengend', wenn du eigentlich 'Ich bin erschöpft' meinst.

Overusing 'schwer': Learners often use 'schwer' (heavy/difficult) when 'anstrengend' is more appropriate. 'Schwer' describes the complexity or weight of something. 'Anstrengend' describes the effort required. A math problem is 'schwer,' but solving 100 of them is 'anstrengend.'

Another mistake involves the comparative form. Some learners try to use 'mehr anstrengend,' following the English pattern 'more strenuous.' In German, you must add the suffix '-er' to the adjective: 'anstrengender.' Similarly, for the superlative, it is 'am anstrengendsten,' not 'am meisten anstrengend.' Mastering these morphological changes is key to reaching B1 and B2 levels of proficiency.

Laufen ist anstrengender als Gehen, aber gesünder.

Ignoring Adjective Endings: Because 'anstrengend' is a long word, learners sometimes forget to add the necessary endings in the attributive position. 'Ein anstrengend Tag' is incorrect; it must be 'Ein anstrengender Tag'. Always check the gender and case of the noun following it.

Es ist anstrengend, ständig auf Fehler zu achten.

Eine anstrengende Woche liegt hinter uns.

Warum findest du das Lesen so anstrengend?

While anstrengend is the most versatile word for 'strenuous,' German offers a rich palette of synonyms that can add precision to your speech. Depending on whether the exhaustion is physical, mental, or purely administrative, you might choose a different term. Learning these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to describe your experiences with greater nuance.

Mühsam (Laborious / Tedious): This word emphasizes the 'Mühe' (effort/trouble) involved. It is often used for tasks that are slow, repetitive, or require great attention to detail, like weeding a garden or painstakingly translating a text. It implies a certain degree of difficulty that makes progress slow.

Die Arbeit im Garten war sehr mühsam.

Ermüdend (Tiring / Wearisome): Literally 'fatiguing.' This is often used for things that make you sleepy or bored, like a long, monotonous lecture or a very long drive on a straight highway. It is less about the 'push' of effort and more about the 'drain' of energy.

For more extreme situations, you might use 'strapaziös' (grueling/exhausting) or 'kräftezehrend' (energy-sapping). 'Strapaziös' is often used for long journeys or difficult expeditions. 'Kräftezehrend' is more literary and describes something that literally eats away at your strength. On the more positive side, you can use 'fordernd' (challenging/demanding). This implies that while the task is hard, it is also stimulating and helps you grow.

Die Wanderung durch die Alpen war äußerst strapaziös.

Aufreibend (Nerve-wracking / Wearying): Used specifically for mental and emotional stress. A job with constant deadlines and high pressure is 'aufreibend.' It suggests that the stress is 'rubbing' you down, like sandpaper on wood.

Der neue Job ist zwar fordernd, aber er macht Spaß.

Das war eine kräftezehrende Auseinandersetzung.

Zehn Stunden Fahrt sind wirklich ermüdend.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

The root word 'Strang' is the same as the English word 'string' or 'strand'. When you are doing something 'anstrengend', you are metaphorically pulling on a rope with all your might.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈanˌʃtʁɛŋənt/

US /ˈɑnˌʃtʁɛŋənt/

Primary stress on the first syllable: AN-streng-end.

韻が合う語

beengend drängend hängend mengen sengen sprengend verdrängend zwängend

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the final 'd' as a soft 'd' instead of a hard 't'.
Misplacing the stress on the middle syllable.
Failing to pronounce the 'ng' as a single nasal sound.
Confusing the 'sch' with a simple 's' sound.
Making the 'e' in 'streng' too long; it should be short.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root 'anstrengen'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires attention to adjective endings in different cases.

スピーキング 2/5

Commonly used, though the 'sch' and 'ng' sequence takes practice.

リスニング 2/5

Very distinct sound, usually easy to pick out in conversation.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

müde schwer Arbeit Tag machen

次に学ぶ

erschöpft mühsam fordern die Anstrengung sich anstrengen

上級

strapaziös kräftezehrend aufreibend belastend ermüdend

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Endings

ein anstrengender (masc), eine anstrengende (fem), ein anstrengendes (neut)

Present Participle as Adjective

anstrengend comes from anstrengen + -d

Comparative and Superlative

anstrengend -> anstrengender -> am anstrengendsten

Predicative vs. Attributive

Das ist anstrengend (pred) vs. Ein anstrengender Tag (attr)

Substantivized Adjectives

etwas Anstrengendes (something strenuous)

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レベル別の例文

Der Sport ist anstrengend.

The sport is strenuous.

Simple predicative use of the adjective.

Mein Tag war anstrengend.

My day was tiring.

Past tense with 'war'.

Deutsch ist ein bisschen anstrengend.

German is a bit strenuous.

Using 'ein bisschen' as a modifier.

Ist die Arbeit anstrengend?

Is the work strenuous?

Question form.

Das ist sehr anstrengend.

That is very exhausting.

Using 'sehr' for emphasis.

Die Kinder sind heute anstrengend.

The children are demanding today.

Plural subject.

Laufen ist anstrengend.

Running is tiring.

Gerund-like use of a verb as a subject.

Nicht so anstrengend, bitte!

Not so strenuous, please!

Imperative-like exclamation.

Ich hatte einen anstrengenden Tag.

I had a strenuous day.

Attributive use, masculine accusative ending '-en'.

Die Reise war sehr anstrengend.

The journey was very exhausting.

Feminine subject.

Ich finde Mathe anstrengend.

I find math exhausting.

Using 'finden' + object + adjective.

Ist dein Job anstrengend?

Is your job strenuous?

Possessive pronoun 'dein'.

Das war eine anstrengende Woche.

That was a tiring week.

Attributive use, feminine nominative ending '-e'.

Es ist anstrengend, früh aufzustehen.

It is exhausting to get up early.

Impersonal 'es' with an infinitive clause.

Wir machen eine anstrengende Wanderung.

We are doing a strenuous hike.

Attributive use, feminine accusative ending '-e'.

Diese Übung ist nicht anstrengend.

This exercise is not strenuous.

Negation with 'nicht'.

Die Verhandlungen waren lang und anstrengend.

The negotiations were long and strenuous.

Two adjectives joined by 'und'.

Manchmal ist mein Bruder wirklich anstrengend.

Sometimes my brother is really demanding.

Describing a person's behavior.

Ich brauche Urlaub nach dieser anstrengenden Zeit.

I need a vacation after this exhausting time.

Dative case after 'nach'.

Es ist anstrengend, immer die Wahrheit zu sagen.

It is exhausting to always tell the truth.

Infinitive clause with 'zu'.

Gibt es etwas Anstrengenderes als Umziehen?

Is there anything more strenuous than moving house?

Comparative form used as a noun (substantivized).

Das Training wird von Tag zu Tag anstrengender.

The training is getting more strenuous day by day.

Comparative form with 'werden'.

Trotz der anstrengenden Arbeit blieb er fröhlich.

Despite the strenuous work, he remained cheerful.

Genitive case after 'trotz'.

Ich finde es anstrengend, wenn alle gleichzeitig reden.

I find it exhausting when everyone talks at the same time.

Finding a situation (es) exhausting.

Die Suche nach einem Parkplatz in der Innenstadt ist extrem anstrengend.

Searching for a parking spot downtown is extremely exhausting.

Complex subject phrase.

Wir haben ein anstrengendes Jahr hinter uns gebracht.

We have put a strenuous year behind us.

Perfect tense with a prepositional phrase.

Diese Art von Diskussion ist mir zu anstrengend.

This kind of discussion is too exhausting for me.

Dative of interest 'mir'.

Er ist ein anstrengender Mensch, aber ein guter Freund.

He is a demanding person, but a good friend.

Attributive adjective in a comparison.

Die Hitzeperiode war für ältere Menschen besonders anstrengend.

The heatwave was particularly strenuous for older people.

Prepositional object 'für'.

Es war der anstrengendste Aufstieg meines Lebens.

It was the most strenuous climb of my life.

Superlative form.

Ich versuche, anstrengende Situationen zu vermeiden.

I try to avoid exhausting situations.

Plural accusative adjective ending.

War die Prüfung so anstrengend, wie du dachtest?

Was the exam as strenuous as you thought?

Comparison with 'so... wie'.

Die bürokratischen Hürden sind oft anstrengender als die eigentliche Arbeit.

The bureaucratic hurdles are often more exhausting than the actual work.

Comparative used to contrast two concepts.

Es ist ein anstrengender Prozess, das Vertrauen der Wähler zurückzugewinnen.

It is a strenuous process to regain the trust of the voters.

Abstract noun modified by 'anstrengend'.

Die ständige Erreichbarkeit wird von vielen als anstrengend empfunden.

Constant availability is perceived by many as exhausting.

Passive construction with 'als... empfunden'.

Trotz anstrengender Bemühungen konnte kein Kompromiss gefunden werden.

Despite strenuous efforts, no compromise could be found.

Genitive plural adjective ending.

Ich empfinde seine Art zu kommunizieren als äußerst anstrengend.

I perceive his way of communicating as extremely exhausting.

Using 'empfinden' for subjective perception.

Die anstrengende Recherche zahlte sich am Ende doch aus.

The strenuous research paid off in the end after all.

Attributive use in the subject.

Das Leben in einer Metropole kann auf Dauer sehr anstrengend sein.

Living in a metropolis can be very exhausting in the long run.

Modal verb 'kann' with 'sein'.

Es ist anstrengend, den Schein zu wahren.

It is exhausting to maintain appearances.

Idiomatic expression 'den Schein wahren'.

Die anstrengende Lektüre von Kants Werken erfordert höchste Konzentration.

The strenuous reading of Kant's works requires maximum concentration.

Subjective evaluation of intellectual labor.

In einer Zeit des ständigen Wandels ist das Bedürfnis nach Ruhe oft anstrengend zu befriedigen.

In a time of constant change, the need for rest is often strenuous to satisfy.

Adverbial use modifying an infinitive.

Die diplomatischen Beziehungen gestalteten sich als unerwartet anstrengend.

The diplomatic relations turned out to be unexpectedly strenuous.

Reflexive verb 'sich gestalten als'.

Es ist eine anstrengende Gratwanderung zwischen Sicherheit und Freiheit.

It is a strenuous balancing act between security and freedom.

Metaphorical use (Gratwanderung).

Die anstrengende Jagd nach Erfolg hinterlässt oft Spuren der Erschöpfung.

The strenuous chase after success often leaves traces of exhaustion.

Abstract metaphorical subject.

Manche finden moderne Kunst anstrengend, da sie keine einfachen Antworten bietet.

Some find modern art exhausting because it offers no simple answers.

Conjunction 'da' (because/since).

Die anstrengende Auseinandersetzung mit der eigenen Vergangenheit ist notwendig.

The strenuous confrontation with one's own past is necessary.

Psychological context.

Es war ein anstrengendes Unterfangen, die Wahrheit ans Licht zu bringen.

It was a strenuous undertaking to bring the truth to light.

Formal noun 'Unterfangen'.

よく使う組み合わせ

anstrengender Tag

körperlich anstrengend

geistig anstrengend

anstrengende Arbeit

extrem anstrengend

anstrengende Reise

anstrengende Zeit

anstrengende Verhandlungen

anstrengende Person

etwas anstrengend finden

よく使うフレーズ

Das war aber anstrengend!

— A common exclamation after finishing a hard task. It expresses relief and fatigue.

Puh, das war aber anstrengend!

Ein anstrengendes Wochenende

— Used when your weekend was full of activities and you didn't get to rest.

Ich hatte ein anstrengendes Wochenende mit der Familie.

Nicht zu anstrengend werden

— A phrase used to tell someone to take it easy or not overexert themselves.

Pass auf, dass es nicht zu anstrengend wird.

Eine anstrengende Phase

— Refers to a temporary period of high stress or work.

Wir sind gerade in einer anstrengenden Phase.

Es ist mir zu anstrengend.

— A way to decline an activity because you don't have the energy for it.

Kommst du mit? Nein, das ist mir heute zu anstrengend.

Anstrengende Gespräche führen

— To have difficult or emotionally draining discussions.

Wir mussten einige anstrengende Gespräche führen.

Den Tag anstrengend finden

— To perceive the day as having been difficult.

Hast du den Tag auch so anstrengend gefunden?

Eine anstrengende Übung

— Specifically used in fitness or educational contexts.

Das ist eine sehr anstrengende Übung für den Rücken.

Ziemlich anstrengend

— Used to downplay a task that was actually quite hard.

Die Wanderung war ziemlich anstrengend.

Anstrengend sein für...

— To indicate who or what is being affected by the strain.

Das Licht ist anstrengend für die Augen.

よく混同される語

anstrengend vs müde

Müde is how you feel; anstrengend is why you feel that way.

anstrengend vs schwer

Schwer is for weight or complexity; anstrengend is for effort.

anstrengend vs schwierig

Schwierig means difficult/complicated; anstrengend means tiring/strenuous.

慣用句と表現

"Sich anstrengen wie ein Pferd"

— To work extremely hard, like a workhorse.

Er hat sich für die Prüfung wie ein Pferd angestrengt.

informal

"Das ist eine schwere Geburt"

— Used when something is very 'anstrengend' and takes a long time to finish.

Dieses Projekt war eine schwere Geburt.

colloquial

"Am Ende seiner Kräfte sein"

— To be completely exhausted after an 'anstrengend' period.

Nach dem Marathon war ich am Ende meiner Kräfte.

neutral

"Sich ins Zeug legen"

— To put in a lot of effort (to make things 'anstrengend' but productive).

Du musst dich mehr ins Zeug legen!

informal

"Die Zähne zusammenbeißen"

— To push through a very 'anstrengend' situation without complaining.

Es ist anstrengend, aber du musst die Zähne zusammenbeißen.

neutral

"Auf dem Zahnfleisch gehen"

— To be so exhausted from 'anstrengend' work that you can barely move.

Nach der Schicht ging er auf dem Zahnfleisch.

slang

"Blut und Wasser schwitzen"

— To find something so 'anstrengend' or stressful that you sweat profusely.

Ich habe bei der Prüfung Blut und Wasser geschwitzt.

colloquial

"Sich ein Bein ausreißen"

— To go to extreme lengths (very 'anstrengend') to help someone.

Ich werde mir für dich kein Bein ausreißen.

informal

"Den inneren Schweinehund überwinden"

— To overcome laziness to do something 'anstrengend'.

Ich muss meinen inneren Schweinehund überwinden und zum Sport gehen.

common

"Kopf und Kragen riskieren"

— To put in a dangerously 'anstrengend' effort.

Er hat für die Firma Kopf und Kragen riskiert.

idiomatic

間違えやすい

anstrengend vs angestrengt

Both come from the same verb.

Anstrengend is the quality of the task; angestrengt is the look on someone's face while doing it.

Er schaute angestrengt auf den Bildschirm.

anstrengend vs streng

Similar root.

Streng means strict (like a teacher); anstrengend means strenuous.

Der Lehrer ist sehr streng.

anstrengend vs mühsam

Similar meaning.

Mühsam implies something is slow and tedious; anstrengend implies high energy use.

Es war ein mühsamer Weg durch den Schlamm.

anstrengend vs hart

Direct translation of 'hard'.

Hart usually refers to physical hardness or a 'hard life'; anstrengend is for specific efforts.

Das Brot ist hart. Das Training ist anstrengend.

anstrengend vs lästig

Negative connotation.

Lästig means annoying/bothersome (low effort but irritating); anstrengend is high effort.

Fliegen sind lästig.

文型パターン

[Subject] ist anstrengend.

Die Schule ist anstrengend.

Ich finde [Object] anstrengend.

Ich finde das Buch anstrengend.

Es ist anstrengend, [Infinitive Phrase].

Es ist anstrengend, leise zu sein.

Ein(e) anstrengende(r/s) [Noun].

Eine anstrengende Woche.

[Subject] ist anstrengender als [Comparison].

Joggen ist anstrengender als Gehen.

Nach [Dative Noun] bin ich müde.

Nach der anstrengenden Arbeit bin ich müde.

Etwas als anstrengend empfinden.

Ich empfinde die Stille als anstrengend.

Trotz [Genitive Noun] ...

Trotz anstrengender Versuche scheiterte er.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Very common in daily speech, work, and media.

よくある間違い

Ich bin anstrengend. → Ich bin müde. / Mein Tag war anstrengend.
Saying 'Ich bin anstrengend' means you are an exhausting person to be around. Use 'müde' for your own feeling.
Das ist mehr anstrengend. → Das ist anstrengender.
German adjectives use '-er' for the comparative, not 'mehr' like English 'more'.
Ein anstrengend Tag. → Ein anstrengender Tag.
Adjectives before nouns need endings. Here, 'Tag' is masculine nominative after 'ein'.
Die Prüfung war schwierig und anstrengend. → N/A (This is correct, but learners often use only one).
Use both to show that the exam was both complex (schwierig) and tiring (anstrengend).
Es ist anstrengend für mein Kopf. → Es ist anstrengend für meinen Kopf.
The preposition 'für' always takes the accusative case.

ヒント

Adjective Endings

Remember that 'anstrengend' follows standard adjective declension. If it's before a masculine noun in the accusative, it's 'einen anstrengenden Tag'. Practice these endings regularly!

Anstrengend vs. Müde

Always remember: The situation is 'anstrengend', the person is 'müde'. You are the victim of the 'anstrengend' situation.

Complaining Politely

Using 'anstrengend' is a great way to bond with German coworkers. It’s the standard way to agree that work is hard without being overly negative.

Emphasis

Put a little extra weight on the first syllable 'AN-' to sound more emphatic and native-like when you're tired.

Work Use

In a professional setting, use 'anstrengend' to describe a high workload. It sounds more professional than saying 'Ich habe keine Lust' (I don't feel like it).

Present Participles

Recognize that many German adjectives end in '-end'. They usually describe a quality that something 'does'. Anstrengend 'strains' you.

Precise Synonyms

If something is just boring, use 'ermüdend'. If it's physically making you sweat, use 'schweißtreibend'. This variety makes you sound C1 level.

Sentence Variety

Try starting sentences with 'Es ist anstrengend...' followed by 'zu' + verb to improve your writing style.

Audio Cues

Listen for the word in podcasts about health or productivity; it appears constantly in those contexts.

The German Grind

Understand that 'anstrengend' is often a sign of respect for a task. If a hobby is 'anstrengend', it means you are taking it seriously.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Strong' man pulling a 'String' (Strang). He is 'AN-STRANG-end' (anstrengend) because it is so hard to pull!

視覚的連想

Imagine a person trying to pull a massive boulder up a hill with a thick rope. The sweat on their face represents the word 'anstrengend'.

Word Web

Sport Arbeit Hausaufgaben Laufen Lernen Stress Müdigkeit Konzentration

チャレンジ

Try to describe three things you did today that were 'anstrengend' using the phrase 'Ich fand ... anstrengend'.

語源

Derived from the verb 'anstrengen', which comes from the noun 'Strang' (rope or trace). Originally, it referred to the act of harnessing horses and making them pull against the traces of a carriage.

元の意味： To tighten the ropes or to pull hard on the harness.

Germanic (High German).

文化的な背景

Be careful when calling a person 'anstrengend' directly to their face, as it is a personal critique of their personality.

English speakers might say 'it's a lot' or 'it's tough', whereas Germans use 'anstrengend' much more frequently as a default descriptor for any effortful task.

The phrase 'Sich anstrengen' appears in many German proverbs about success. German fitness influencers often use the term 'anstrengend' to validate the intensity of their workouts. In literature, 'anstrengend' is often used to describe the psychological burden of the protagonist.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Sports and Fitness

Das Training ist anstrengend.
Ein anstrengendes Workout.
Es soll anstrengend sein.
Körperlich anstrengend.

Work and Office

Ein anstrengender Arbeitstag.
Das Projekt ist anstrengend.
Geistig anstrengende Aufgaben.
Anstrengende Meetings.

Travel

Eine anstrengende Zugfahrt.
Fliegen ist anstrengend.
Die Reise war anstrengend.
Anstrengendes Umsteigen.

Social/Personality

Er ist ein anstrengender Typ.
Anstrengende Gespräche.
Es ist anstrengend mit ihr.
Warum bist du so anstrengend?

Education

Eine anstrengende Prüfung.
Lernen ist anstrengend.
Anstrengende Hausaufgaben.
Ein anstrengendes Semester.

会話のきっかけ

"Fandest du den Film auch so anstrengend?"

"War dein Arbeitstag heute sehr anstrengend?"

"Was ist für dich die anstrengendste Sportart?"

"Findest du es anstrengend, neue Leute kennenzulernen?"

"Warum ist Deutschlernen manchmal so anstrengend?"

日記のテーマ

Beschreibe den anstrengendsten Tag, den du jemals hattest. Was ist passiert?

Was machst du, wenn alles zu anstrengend wird? Wie entspannst du dich?

Gibt es eine Person in deinem Leben, die du anstrengend findest? Warum?

Ist körperliche Arbeit anstrengender als geistige Arbeit? Erkläre deine Meinung.

Schreibe über ein Hobby, das anstrengend ist, aber dir trotzdem Spaß macht.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but it means 'I am a demanding/difficult person.' If you mean 'I am tired,' say 'Ich bin müde' or 'Ich bin erschöpft.' English speakers often make this mistake because they think they are saying 'I am tiring,' but the meaning is quite different in German.

'Schwierig' means something is hard to solve or understand (like a math problem). 'Anstrengend' means something takes a lot of energy to do (like running a marathon). A task can be 'schwierig' but not 'anstrengend' (like a riddle), or 'anstrengend' but not 'schwierig' (like moving 100 boxes).

When you call a person 'anstrengend', you mean their personality or behavior requires a lot of effort to deal with. For example, 'Meine Schwiegermutter ist sehr anstrengend' means she is high-maintenance or difficult to be around.

Not necessarily. While it describes effort and fatigue, it is often used neutrally or even positively in sports. 'Ein anstrengendes Training' is usually seen as a good thing. However, in social contexts, it is usually slightly negative.

The comparative is 'anstrengender' (more strenuous) and the superlative is 'am anstrengendsten' (the most strenuous). Example: 'Laufen ist anstrengender als Schwimmen.'

Yes, specifically for extreme weather like heat or high humidity that puts a strain on the body. You can say: 'Die Hitze ist heute sehr anstrengend für den Kreislauf.'

Only if you are using it with an infinitive clause. 'Es ist anstrengend, Deutsch zu lernen.' If you are just describing a noun, you don't need 'zu': 'Deutsch ist anstrengend.'

Yes, the noun is 'die Anstrengung' (the effort/exertion). You might say 'Ohne Anstrengung kein Erfolg' (No success without effort).

The most common opposites are 'leicht' (easy) or 'entspannend' (relaxing). If you want to say something required no effort at all, use 'mühelos'.

The 'ng' is a single nasal sound, like in the English word 'singing'. Do not pronounce a hard 'g' sound at the end of the 'ng'.

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